CN101435952B - Display device and electronic appliance - Google Patents
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- CN101435952B CN101435952B CN2008101738027A CN200810173802A CN101435952B CN 101435952 B CN101435952 B CN 101435952B CN 2008101738027 A CN2008101738027 A CN 2008101738027A CN 200810173802 A CN200810173802 A CN 200810173802A CN 101435952 B CN101435952 B CN 101435952B
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Abstract
To provide a liquid crystal display device capable of switching the range of viewing angles while being able to reduce the cost and thickness of the device, and to provide an electronic appliance having the same. The display device according to the present invention includes: a liquid crystal type display panel having a diffusive reflection part which diffusively reflects light irradiated from the front side while transmitting light from the back side; and a backlight source disposed on a back face of the display panel along the display panel for switchably outputting transmission light of different directivities.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application based on and the benefit of priority of Japanese patent application 2007-282459 number of advocating to propose on October 30th, 2007 and the Japanese patent application that proposes on September 25th, 2008 2008-246065 number, it is for reference that the disclosure of this application is incorporated this paper in this integral body.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of display device and electronic equipment, more specifically, relate to a kind of display device and electronic equipment that can the transformation angle scope.
Background technology
Liquid crystal indicator (LCD) as non-Autoluminescence display device has been widely used as the display device such as the various electronic equipments of personal computer (PC), portable phone, television receiver, digital camera etc.Particularly when being used for televisor, need can in wide range, watch (for wide visual angle) through the variation that reduces brightness and tone sometimes.Because this demand, the liquid crystal indicator with the wide visual angle that obtains through employing IPS pattern or VA pattern has been put in the actual use at present.
Simultaneously, when personal computer or portable phone use liquid crystal indicator,, for example exist the user to hope not hope that with other people situation or the user of shared identical display screen other people see the situation of screen according to time and environment.In the case, possibly need the identical liquid crystal indicator can be according to the scope (angular field of view) of condition transformation angle.
The technology that is used for changing the angular field of view of liquid crystal indicator is disclosed in following patent documentation.In these documents, the patent public publication 10-319384 (patent documentation 1) of japanese unexamined disclose a kind of through utilize can the selective scattering state and the diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer adjusting of the pellucidity state that incides the light on the liquid crystal panel come the technology of transformation angle scope.
More specifically, at first, Fig. 9 is the concept map of details that is used for explaining the structure of the traditional liquid crystal indicator 500 that is disclosed in patent documentation 1.In liquid crystal indicator 500, from inciding on the diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 502 through light shield unit 506 calibration and the emission light that becomes area source (constituting) emission of high orientation by fluorescent tube 503, LGP 504 and reflective membrane 505.Diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 502 works through voltage application, and selects and set scattering state or pellucidity.
When the diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer was set to scattering state, the incident light of high orientation lost directivity, is transformed into diffused light, and incided on the display panels 501.Therefore, the transmission display image of display panels can be watched in wide angular field of view.Simultaneously, when the diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer is chosen as when being in pellucidity, incide on the display panels 501 from the light of area source with keeping high directivity.Therefore, the display image of the transmission on the display panels 501 is only to watch in narrow angular field of view.Through utilizing this technology, can be through changing the visual angle that the voltage that will be applied to diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 502 comes switching LCD panel 501.
The patent public publication 2007-171674 (patent documentation 2) of japanese unexamined discloses a kind of transflective liquid crystal display device that can transformation angle, and the structure of said transflective liquid crystal display device is arranged alternately reflecting part and transmissive part for each pixel for liquid crystal cell.In addition, the patent public publication 2007-033813 (patent documentation 4) of the patent public publication 2006-140126 (patent documentation 3) of japanese unexamined and japanese unexamined discloses through using transmission/scattering conversion element as the technology of coming the transformation angle scope corresponding to the element of the diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 502 shown in Fig. 9.
Yet, have following problem for the structure of in liquid crystal indicator 500, changing angular field of view according to above-mentioned patent documentation 1.Particularly, in order in the close limit that adopts this structure, to enlarge the adjustable extent at visual angle, for must still having higher directivity through light shield unit 506 calibration emission light.
Therefore, need the height (thickness) of light shield unit 506 be set at greater than specific height.The height of light shield unit 506 is insufficient if this is, then can not obtain the fully emission light of the high orientation of calibration.Owing to must guarantee that the height (thickness) of light shield unit 506 reaches certain degree, aspect the thickness that reduces liquid crystal indicator 500, there is restriction.In addition, the problem that always has of the height of light shield unit 506 (thickness) not only wants holding device thin but also will keep weight.
The liquid crystal indicator of patent documentation 2 has the structure that reflecting part and transmissive part are arranged alternately in liquid crystal cell.Adopt this structure, except liquid crystal panel this as the specific structure, also need different video signals be fed to each in reflecting part and the transmissive part.Therefore, must have a plurality of driving circuits corresponding to each several part.Therefore, the liquid crystal indicator of patent documentation 2 faces expensive problem always.
In addition, patent documentation 3 and 4 relates to the composition (window shutter) corresponding to the light shield unit 506 among Fig. 9, and two documents all need have the emission light of the calibration of still higher directivity.Therefore, still there is problem about the thickness that reduces above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator 500.Even with the technical combinations of patent documentation 1-4, can not overcome the problem that reduces about thickness.
Summary of the invention
Example purpose of the present invention provide a kind of can the transformation angle scope and can reduce simultaneously device cost and thickness display device and a kind of electronic equipment with said display device is provided.
In order to realize the aforementioned exemplary purpose; Display device according to exemplified aspect of the present invention comprises in its structure aspects: display panel, be arranged on the front surface sidelight source and the backlight of the front surface side of display panel; Said backlight is arranged on the back side of display panel along display panel; Wherein front surface sidelight source is used for the front surface side radius towards display panel; Diffuse reflection partly is arranged on the front surface side of display panel; Be used for the diffuse way reflection light of face side radiation of light source in the past, transmission simultaneously is from the light of rear side, and backlight comprises the luminous flux control device that is used to calibrate said transmitted ray and can and make the transparent-diffusion control element that carries out electric conversion between the scattering state of said calibration light scatter in the pellucidity of the directivity that keeps said calibration light.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A is the key diagram of the example embodiment of the display device of the present invention situation that is embodied in liquid crystal indicator to Fig. 1 C; Wherein Figure 1A is the schematic block diagram that shows the instance of the display device that comprises the diffuse reflection part with the uneven surface on the front surface that is arranged on display panels; Figure 1B is the schematic block diagram of instance of display device that shows another diffuse reflection part of the diffuse reflection film comprise in the part that has in being arranged on the front surface of display panel, and Fig. 1 C is the schematic block diagram of instance that shows the display device of another diffuse reflection part that comprises the Transflective hologram film that has in the front surface that is arranged on display panel;
Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are used for explaining from the Luminance Distribution of the transmitted ray of the backlight of the disclosed liquid crystal indicator of Figure 1A with by the key diagram of diffuse reflection part with the relation between the Luminance Distribution of the diffuse reflection light of diffuse way reflection; Wherein Fig. 2 A is the key diagram that is used to explain the relation between the Luminance Distribution of transmitted ray and diffuse reflection light under the pattern of narrow visual field, and Fig. 2 B is the key diagram that is used to explain the relation between the Luminance Distribution of transmitted ray and diffuse reflection light under the pattern of wide visual field;
Fig. 3 A and 3B are used for explaining from the Luminance Distribution of the transmitted ray of the backlight of the liquid crystal indicator that is disclosed in Figure 1B with by the key diagram of diffuse reflection part with the relation between the Luminance Distribution of the diffuse reflection light of diffuse way reflection; Wherein Fig. 3 A is the key diagram that is used to explain the relation between the Luminance Distribution of transmitted ray and diffuse reflection light under the pattern of narrow visual field, and Fig. 3 B is the key diagram that is used to explain the relation between the Luminance Distribution of transmitted ray and diffuse reflection light under the pattern of wide visual field;
The key diagram of Fig. 4 situation that to be the backlight part that is used for explaining the liquid crystal indicator that is disclosed in Figure 1A explain with mode more specifically;
Fig. 5 is the block scheme that shows first instance of realizing according to the example embodiment that is disclosed in the liquid crystal indicator of Figure 1A in Fig. 1 C of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the block scheme that shows second instance of realizing according to the example embodiment that is disclosed in the liquid crystal indicator of Figure 1A in Fig. 1 C of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the block scheme that shows the 3rd instance of realizing according to the example embodiment that is disclosed in the liquid crystal indicator of Figure 1A in Fig. 1 C of the present invention;
Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B are the key diagrams of the situation of the liquid crystal indicator according to the present invention display unit that is applied to portable terminal; Wherein Fig. 8 A is used to show the key diagram of the present invention as the situation of the display unit use of portable phone, and Fig. 8 B is used to show the key diagram of the present invention as the situation of the display unit use of notebook personal computer; And
Fig. 9 is the schematic block diagram that shows the liquid crystal indicator that is disclosed in the correlation technique in the patent documentation 1.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, will be through to Fig. 4 example embodiment of the present invention being described with reference to Figure 1A.
At first, with the basic structure of illustrated example embodiment, and the particular content of this embodiment will specify in the back.
(basic structure)
With adopting by reference liquid crystal indicator this example embodiment of situation explanation as display device.
At first, with reference to Figure 1A, liquid crystal indicator 1 comprises: as the liquid crystal type display panel 11 of various information being exported and are shown to outside display panel; And backlight 17, said backlight is arranged on the back side of display panel 11 along display panel 11, is used for the transmitted ray of different directions is exported towards display panel 11 convertiblely.Diffuse reflection part 19 is arranged on the front surface side (top surface side among Figure 1A) of display panel 11, is used for the light of the diffuse way reflection radiation from the front side and the transmission simultaneously light from rear side.
The upside of the display panel 11 in Figure 1A; Be used for from the top towards the front surface sidelight source 18 of the front surface radius of display panel 11 being arranged on obliquely in the both sides (left side and right side) of Figure 1A the front surface side of display panel 11, isolate to a certain degree with display panel 11 simultaneously with separate mode.
In addition, according to the adjusting that the directivity of the transmitted ray of above-mentioned backlight 17 is carried out, front surface sidelight source brightness regulating apparatus 134A (not shown) is set to the front surface sidelight source 18 of the brightness of the output light that is used to regulate front surface sidelight source 18.
As stated, this instance embodiment can calibrate transmitted rays through the luminous flux control device 25 of backlight 17, and can be through two kinds of the state selections of electric conversion transmission-diffusion control element 27 or the directivity of more kinds of calibration light.Example embodiment constitutes superposeing with output and demonstration with the diffuse reflection light that diffuse way reflects the light acquisition of surface emissivity in the past from the transmitted ray with different directions property at the back and through diffuse reflection part 19.Adopt this mode, the scope of can watching can be adjusted to the narrow angular range of the vertical direction of display panel 11, and wherein the brightness of transmitted ray surpasses the brightness of diffuse reflection light.Simultaneously, the brightness of transmitted ray can be adjusted to the brightness that in for the whole wide visual field of discerning angular range, surpasses diffuse reflection light.As stated; Adopt this example embodiment, diffuse reflection light stack that can be through will obtaining with the diffuse way reflection from the light of the directivity of the transmitted ray of backlight 17 and front surface through will being radiated display panel, and the brightness of regulating brightness and the diffuse reflection light of the transmitted ray individually vision of regulating display panel 11 can discern the scope of angle.
This will describe in more detail.
As stated, Figure 1A, Figure 1B and Fig. 1 C are the key diagrams that is used to explain the ultimate principle of this example embodiment.
With reference to Figure 1A, comprise liquid crystal type display panel 11, backlight 17, front surface sidelight source 18 and diffuse reflection part 19 as the liquid crystal indicator of display device 1.In this example embodiment, have the common display panel that is not ad hoc structure and be used as display panel 11.Backlight 17 is set to almost be parallel to display panel 11, and said backlight is the area source that is used for from the back side radiation transmission light of display panel 11.
Front surface sidelight source 18 is the light source of the front surface that is used to shine display panel 11.In addition, front side brightness regulating apparatus 134A is the circuit of brightness that is used to regulate the output light in front surface sidelight source 18, and this front side brightness regulating apparatus is set to front surface sidelight source 18 (not shown)s.
Simultaneously, under the situation of Figure 1B, have with the diffuse reflection film 20 in the diffuse reflection district 22 of cells arranged in matrix in the one of which part surface range upon range of to form diffuse reflection part 19.Under the situation of Figure 1B, the structural detail except diffuse reflection part 19 is identical with the situation of Figure 1A.
In addition; In Fig. 1 C; The film of the light of the direction radiation that the transparent reflection hologram that on thickness direction, has an index distribution tilts from the vertical direction with respect to display screen for reflection (promptly; In the vertical direction of display screen in the heart), the transparent reflection hologram of said film constitutes as diffuse reflection part 19.
As stated, though there is the several different methods that is used for diffuse reflection part 19 is set to display panel 11, in this example embodiment, diffuse reflection part 19 is arranged in the front surface of display panel 11.In addition, diffuse reflection part 19 can contact with display panel 11 physics or can not contact with display panel 11 physics.
Fig. 2 is the curve map that shows from the Luminance Distribution of transmitted ray that is disclosed in the backlight 17 among Fig. 1 and the diffuse reflection light that when the light of the past face side light source 18 radiation is reflected with diffuse way through diffuse reflection part 19, obtains.Transmitted ray brightness 51 usefulness solid lines are represented, and diffuse reflection light luminance 52 dots.The details of the intensity adjustments of transmitted ray brightness 51 and diffuse reflection light luminance 52 is presented among the Fig. 6 that will be explained below.
In the narrow visual field pattern in being presented at Fig. 2 A, the light through being included in the optical element calibration in the backlight 17 is as transmitted ray incident.Therefore, the intensity of transmitted ray brightness 51 part converges in the narrow angular range near the angle [alpha] with respect to display panel 11 becomes the zone of acute angle (90 degree).Simultaneously, the intensity of diffuse reflection light luminance 52 part does not restrain as transmitted ray brightness 51 consumingly.Yet the peak of transmitted ray brightness 51 and diffuse reflection light luminance 52 is for being that the point of acute angle is consistent with making angle with respect to display panel 11.Have the angle that the brightness value of the brightness value that makes transmitted ray and diffuse reflection light becomes consistent, and the scope that makes the brightness of transmitted ray surpass the brightness of diffuse reflection light is the visually discernible angular range of observer.
In addition, in the wide visual field pattern in being presented at Fig. 2 B, be conditioned to be transmitted into wide-angle scope from the transmitted ray of backlight 17.In Fig. 2 B, diffuse reflection light luminance 52 is identical with narrow visual field pattern.In the case, the peak value of transmitted ray brightness 51 and diffuse reflection light luminance 52 also is conditioned being that the point of acute angle is consistent with making angle with respect to display panel 11.In addition, the emission brightness of backlight 17 is conditioned, and makes that the peak value of transmitted ray brightness 51 is almost consistent under narrow visual field pattern and wide visual field pattern.
Under the situation of reality, the user visually discerns the stack light of transmitted ray and diffuse reflection light.Therefore, the angular range (vision recognizable set) that makes the user visually can discern display screen is the scope of transmitted ray brightness 51 greater than diffuse reflection light luminance 52 that make.
In the narrow visual field pattern shown in Fig. 2 A, transmitted ray brightness 51 greater than the scope of diffuse reflection light luminance 52 be restricted to make angle with respect to display panel 11 become acute angle point near narrow angular range.This is restricted to the angular range narrower than original transmitted ray Luminance Distribution 51 with the vision recognizable set.Simultaneously, in the wide visual field pattern shown in Fig. 2 B, transmitted ray brightness 51 becomes on the whole wide region of the front surface of display panel 11 greater than diffuse reflection light luminance 52, and the transmitted ray Luminance Distribution itself becomes the vision recognizable set.In addition, the vision recognizable set can become greater than the scope of diffuse reflection light luminance 52 and regulates through regulating transmitted ray brightness 51.
As the method for regulating the vision recognizable set, what mention is the diffuse reflectance of diffuse reflection part 19.For example, when when on like the surface among Figure 1A, forming uneven shape diffuse reflection part 19 is set, can control diffuse reflectance through regulating uneven shape adjustment diffusion rate.When diffuse reflection part 19 was arranged on the structure in a part of surface for making diffuse reflection district 22 in like Figure 1B, diffuse reflectance can be controlled according to the diffuse reflection area and the area ratio in zone except that diffuse reflection district 22.In addition, also there is the method for control diffuse reflectance such as size through the for example optical element of diffuse reflection part 19, refractive index, and the method for difference of controlling the refractive index of transparent reflection hologram.
Above-mentioned traditional technology is not utilized diffuse reflection light, makes only to calibrate transmitted ray to have the light of the high directivity that is used to obtain narrow field of view angle.Mean that for calibration carrying out optical adjustment makes that light beam is parallel state.Therefore, as disclosed among Fig. 9, the light shield unit that is used to calibrate transmitted ray needs particular range or bigger thickness (height dimension), thereby becomes the obstacle that makes the device attenuation.
Simultaneously, for example embodiment, the angular range watched under narrow visual field can be restricted through stack transmitted ray brightness with through the diffuse reflection light luminance of diffuse reflection part 19 with the light acquisition of diffuse way reflection the past sidelight source radiation.Therefore, need not use the optical element of the light that can obtain high directivity, make device can form very thinly.
In addition, diffuse reflection part 19 is for having the optical element like disclosed simple structure among Figure 1A, Figure 1B and Fig. 1 C, makes because that the increase of the cost that diffuse reflection part 19 causes is set is not obvious.Should be noted that at this display panel 11 can be for there not being the common display panel of above-mentioned ad hoc structure.In addition, the liquid crystal display drive circuit (not shown) of display panel 11 also can be common triangular web type.Therefore, different with traditional situation, for realization example embodiment can not increase cost in large quantities.
Fig. 3 has shown the curve map of another instance when regulating the transmitted ray brightness 51 be presented among Fig. 2 with diffuse reflection light luminance 52.When pattern during from the narrow visual field mode shifts shown in Fig. 3 A to the wide visual field pattern shown in Fig. 3 B, the distribution form of diffuse reflection light luminance 52 much at one, and the absolute value of brightness reduces.Particularly, this can be through regulating the brightness realization that the past face side light source 18 is radiated the light of display panel 11.
Except the diffuse reflectance of regulating diffuse reflection part 19, also can enlarge the adjustable extent of field of view angle through the brightness of regulating front surface sidelight source 18.Undoubtedly, the brightness of backlight 17 also can situation as shown in Figure 2 equally be regulated.Carry out the adjusting of degree of the directivity of transmitted ray itself in no instance.
In Fig. 4, backlight 17 is configured to have area source 26, luminous flux control device 25 and transparent-diffusion control element 27.Incide on transparent-diffusion control element 27 after from the light of area source 26 emissions through 25 calibrations of luminous flux control device.
The pellucidity and the scattering state of transparent-diffusion control element 27 are changed through the voltage that applies from the outside.When the light through luminous flux control device 25 calibration incides transparent-27 last times of diffusion control element with pellucidity, this light is launched when keeping directivity.The light of emission incides on the display panel 11 as transmitted ray.Therefore, liquid crystal indicator 1 gets into disclosed narrow visual field state (narrow visual field pattern) in Fig. 2 A.
Simultaneously, when the light through luminous flux control device 25 calibration incides transparent-27 last times of diffusion control element with scattering state, this light is launched when being diffused into wide range, and incides on the display panel 11 as transmitted ray.Therefore, display device 1 gets into the wide visual field state (wide visual field pattern) shown in Fig. 2 B.
As stated, narrow visual field pattern and wide visual field pattern can be transparent through using-and diffusion control element 27 changes with electric means.In addition, as stated, luminous flux control device 25 can be the type of the light that can obtain high directivity, makes the increase that helps to suppress thickness.
Next, with the form more specifically of content of the above-mentioned example embodiment of explanation.The Reference numeral identical with above-mentioned example embodiment is applied to identical structural detail.
First instance
Fig. 5 has shown first instance.
It is in the housing 2a that opens of optics that each structural detail that constitutes the liquid crystal indicator 1a be presented at first instance among Fig. 5 all is contained in upside.
With reference to Fig. 5, be constituted as as the display panel 11 of the primary structure element among the liquid crystal indicator 1a and comprise TFT (thin film transistor (TFT)) substrate 124, TFT (thin film transistor (TFT)) 125, liquid crystal layer 126, color filter layers 127, colored filter substrate 128 and diffuse reflection part 19.Diffuse reflection part 19 is configured to have diffuse reflection film 20, and the uneven surface 21 of said diffuse reflection film forms through diffusion pearl (diffusion bead).Diffuse reflection film 20 has the optical characteristics of the mist degree (haze value) that is total light transmittance of 90% and 46%, and has transmissison characteristic and diffusive property.As shown in Figure 5, each structural detail sequence stack of display panel 11 also is installed on TFT (thin film transistor (TFT)) substrate 124.
In these elements, TFT substrate 124 is the substrate that is used to support TFT125, and colored filter substrate 128 is for being used to support the substrate of color filter layers 127.
In addition, as shown in Figure 5, liquid crystal indicator 1a has the backlight 17 at the bottom surface side of display panel 11.As shown in Figure 5, backlight 17 is configured to have area source 26, luminous flux control device 25 and the transparent-diffusion control element 27 with the sequence stack from the downside to the upside.
In these elements, area source 26 is configured to have at least edge light light source 120 and LGP 104.In addition, in first instance, luminous flux control device 25 is configured to have window shutter 121, and transparent-diffusion control element 27 is configured to have diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102.
In addition, edge light light source 120 typically is configured to have cold-cathode tube or such as the white light source of LED.In addition, through the light that reflection and scattering are launched from edge light light source 120, LGP 104 constitutes area sources 26.
Diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 (transparent-diffusion control element 27) has wherein liquid crystal phase and polymer phase structure interlaced with each other.When the refractive index of liquid crystal phase and polymer phase is inconsistent, produce opaque scattering state.When voltage was applied to diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102, liquid crystal phase began operation.Therefore, the refractive index of liquid crystal phase and polymer phase becomes consistent, thereby produces pellucidity.That is to say that when applying voltage, diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 is a pellucidity, and when not applying voltage, diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 is a scattering state.
Therefore, the pellucidity of diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 or opaque state (scattering state) use through specializing narrow visual field pattern that is used for transmitted ray and the wide visual field pattern that will explain below.
Appear from its content is clear, the liquid crystal indicator 1a of this structure is for using the device that is disclosed in the basic structure among Figure 1A.
In above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator 1a, front surface sidelight source 18 is configured to have led array 130, and wherein the LED arrangements of elements is in rectangular frame, and this led array is configured such that the front surface of display panel 11 brightens.In this first instance, led array 130 is set to all the time by the state that illuminates with constant brightness.Simultaneously, when conversion narrow visual field pattern and wide visual field pattern, regulate the electric power (voltage supply) that supplies to diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102.That is to say, when mode switch arrives narrow visual field pattern, voltage is supplied to the diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer, so that diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 is transformed into pellucidity.Therefore, said device changes the narrow visual field pattern shown in Fig. 2 A into.In addition, when mode switch arrives wide visual field pattern, stop voltage being supplied to the diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer, so that diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 is transformed into scattering state.Therefore, said device changes the wide visual field pattern shown in Fig. 2 B into.
Simultaneously, the electric current that applies through change can be stronger than narrow visual field pattern for wide visual field pattern from the emission brightness of the light of edge light light source 120.Therefore, the field of view angle scope that can watch can be regulated through the brightness 51 of regulating transmitted ray shown in Fig. 2 B.In addition, brightness that diffuse reflection light luminance 52 can be through the led array 130 regulated in the design phase or the LED through conducting and the right quantity in a plurality of mounted LEDs regulate.
Next, with the operation etc. of explanation first instance.
Adopt the liquid crystal indicator 1a of first instance, led array 130 is lighted all the time.Simultaneously, the electric power that supplies to diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 and led array 130 is regulated when being transformed into narrow visual field and wide visual field.That is to say, under the pattern of narrow visual field, voltage is applied to diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 (transmission-reflection control element 27), to change diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 into pellucidity.Make transmitted ray through display panel 11 thus, make this light can obtain to have the state of the transmitted ray of the obvious directivity shown in Fig. 2 A with high directivity.
Amount of light from the diffuse reflection light of the diffuse reflection film 20 among Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B can be through selecting and set the brightness regulation of led array 130.In addition, shown in Fig. 2 A, can watch the scope of the diffuse reflection light luminance 52 that angular range can obtain through the brightness of regulating led array 130 freely to regulate and set.Yet in this example, this can watch angular range to set for making the amount of light of diffuse reflection light to become for narrow visual field pattern is consistent with wide visual field pattern.
In addition, in the pattern of wide visual field, stop the supply of voltage to diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 (transparent-diffusion control element 27).Make diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 change scattering state into thus.Simultaneously, when strengthening from the emission brightness of the light of edge light light source 120, the brightness of transparent optical increases.Therefore, this diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer is set to the state that Fig. 2 B shows, makes that the scope of can watching is set to wide visual field pattern.Other structure and operating effect are identical with the structure and the effect of example embodiment shown in Figure 1.
As stated, can also obtain to work equally and the liquid crystal indicator 1a with above-mentioned example embodiment identical operations effect is provided with first instance.
Like example advantage according to the present invention; The structure that the present invention adopts does, output and show from its directivity of back can from two kinds or more kinds of the transmitted ray selected and through the diffuse reflection part with the diffuse way reflection stack light of the diffuse reflection light of the light acquisition of surface emissivity in the past.Therefore, in the pattern of narrow visual field, through utilizing the Luminance Distribution of diffuse reflection light; Can be only in the scope of brightness above the brightness of diffuse reflection light of transmitted ray; That is, in the narrow angular range on the vertical direction of center at display surface, visually can discern said demonstration.Therefore, the angular range narrower than the Luminance Distribution scope of transmitted ray becomes and can watch scope.In addition, in the pattern of wide visual field, the brightness of diffuse reflection light is no more than the brightness of transmitted ray, makes that the scope of can watching depends on the Luminance Distribution of transmitted ray.Therefore, different with traditional situation except the scope of the field of view angle that can change narrow visual field pattern and wide visual field pattern, can also obtain high directivity, in the pattern of narrow visual field, need the light shield unit of height (thickness) fully and need not to use.So just can provide with traditional technological irrealizable, can form very thinly splendid liquid crystal indicator and electronic equipment with low cost with this liquid crystal indicator.
Second instance
Fig. 6 has shown second instance.
Be applied to identical structural detail with the identical Reference numeral of above-mentioned first instance.
With reference to Fig. 6, constitute as the liquid crystal type display panel 11 of the primary structure element among the liquid crystal indicator 1b and to comprise TFT substrate 124, TFT125, liquid crystal layer 126, color filter layers 127, colored filter substrate 128 and diffuse reflection part 19.Diffuse reflection part 19 is configured to have diffuse reflection film 20, and said diffuse reflection film has in the face of the diffuse reflection matrix 22 of display panel 11 with cells arranged in matrix.Diffuse reflection matrix 22 is provided with through the display panel of facing among Fig. 6 11, so that increase durability.Yet this diffuse reflection matrix also can be arranged on the top surface side (reflected light source) of diffuse reflection film 20.
In second instance, diffuse reflection matrix 22 forms through the diffuse reflection ink.In addition, diffuse reflection is deceived matrix 127a, 127a also is provided for each pixel in the color filter layers 127, so that suitably reflect and diffuse reflection light.The sharpness that can keep each pixel place thus.
As shown in Figure 6, for each structural detail of display panel 11, TFT125, liquid crystal layer 126, color filter layers 127 and like sequence stack and be installed on the TFT substrate 124.
As shown in Figure 6, liquid crystal indicator 1b has backlight 17 at the bottom surface side of display panel 11.As shown in Figure 6, backlight 17 is configured to have area source 26, luminous flux control device 25 and the transparent-diffusion control element 27 with the sequence stack from the downside to the upside.For in luminous flux control device 25, area source 26 and the transparent-diffusion control element 27 each adopt be presented at Fig. 5 in the identical structure of first instance.In these elements, area source 26 is configured to have LGP 104 and edge light light source 120.
In addition, Reference numeral 135 expressions are used for the edge light current source of edge light light source 120, and Reference numeral 135A representes brightness regulating apparatus.Brightness regulating apparatus 135A has the function of regulating the brightness of transmitted ray by the streaming current of the edge light light source 135 of control section 132 energizes through control.
In addition, Reference numeral 134 expressions are used to the led array current source of the led array 130 in front surface sidelight source.Reference numeral 134A representes front surface sidelight source brightness regulating apparatus.The function that front surface sidelight source brightness regulating apparatus 134A has is through the streaming current of control by the led array current source 134 of control section 132 energizes, to regulate the brightness (diffuse reflection light luminance) of diffuse reflection light.
Situation like above-mentioned first instance (Fig. 5); The front surface sidelight source 18 of liquid crystal indicator 1b also is configured to have the wherein led array 130 of LED arrangements of elements in rectangular frame; And as shown in Figure 6, this front surface sidelight source is set to from vergence direction the front surface of display panel brightened.Light from led array 130 (front surface sidelight source 18) mainly passes through with diffuse reflection matrix 22 partial reflections of matrix arrangement on diffuse reflection part 19, and shown in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B, this light is measured as diffuse reflection light luminance 52.
Appear from its content is clear, the liquid crystal indicator 1b of this structure is for using the device that is disclosed in the basic structure among Figure 1B.
Next, with the operation etc. of explanation second instance.
The liquid crystal indicator 1b of second instance comprises through formation having edge light light source 120 and LGP 104 area source 26 to form with the identical mode of above-mentioned first instance.The galvanoluminescence of edge light light source 120 through supplying with from edge light current source 135.In addition, led array 130 is from the supply of led array current source 134 received currents.Diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 (transparent-diffusion control element 27) receives the supply of voltages from diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer drive part 133 when it is in pellucidity.Control section 132 control edge light current source 135, led array current source 134 and diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer drive part 133 make in these parts each all change and supply to the curtage of target separately.
When the user selects from the outside and sets narrow visual field pattern; In control section 132 control edge light current source 135, led array current source 134 and the diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer drive part 133 each is so that at first be set at the low current value that is used for narrow visual field pattern with the current value of edge light current source 135.Then, diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer drive part 133 supplies to diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 with voltage, so that diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 is transformed into pellucidity.In addition, the current value of led array current source 134 is set at high output, so that the luminosity of led array 130 is set at height.The narrow visual field pattern that liquid crystal indicator 1b is transformed into show among Fig. 3 A.
Simultaneously; When the user selects from the outside and sets wide visual field pattern; In control section 132 control edge light current source 135, led array current source 134 and the diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer drive part 133 each is so that at first be set at the high current value that is used for wide visual field pattern with the current value of edge light current source 135.Then, stop voltage from 133 the supplies of diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer drive part, so that diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102 is transformed into scattering state to diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer 102.In addition, the current value of led array current source 134 is set at low output, so that be set at the luminosity of led array 130 low.The wide visual field pattern that liquid crystal indicator 1b is transformed into show among Fig. 3 B.
Other structure is identical with the structure and the operating effect of first instance of Fig. 5 demonstration with operating effect.
As stated, can adopt second instance to obtain to work equally and the liquid crystal indicator 1b of identical operations effect is provided with above-mentioned first instance.
The 3rd instance
Fig. 7 shows the 3rd instance.Identical Reference numeral should be added to and the identical structural detail of above-mentioned second instance.
Difference between the 3rd instance and second instance is, is used for light radiation is separated setting to the front surface sidelight source of diffuse reflection part 19 with the housing that forms liquid crystal indicator 1c.
As shown in Figure 7, for liquid crystal indicator 1c, the interior front surface sidelight source 18 of liquid crystal indicator 1b that is arranged on second instance is configured to have the external lighting device 137 that is arranged on outside the liquid crystal indicator 1c.The brightness of external lighting device 137 is set through the streaming current of the outside luminous power 138 of control, and outside luminous power 138 is through the front surface sidelight source brightness regulating apparatus 138A control by 132 controls of the control section in the liquid crystal indicator 1c.In addition, the whole lip-deep displaying contents at display panel 11 passes through 133 drivings of diffuse transmission type liquid crystal layer drive part like the situation of second instance.Other structure is identical with the structure and the operating effect of above-mentioned second instance with operating effect.
As stated, in the 3rd instance, diffuse reflection light and transmitted ray stack are used for showing with output, and narrow visual field pattern and wide visual field pattern are through freely being provided with backlight 17 with control section 132 drive controlling display panels 11.In addition; Make the angular range that surpasses the brightness of diffuse reflection light from the brightness of the transmitted ray at the back side through being adjusted to have; So that for example regulate the brightness of diffuse reflection light during pattern, can realize freely to set the effect of the angular range watched (directivity) of transmitted ray in narrow visual field.Therefore, like the situation of each above-mentioned instance, the 3rd instance has and has only diffuse reflection light to output to the advantage in the part of the position that tilts with respect to display panel 11, and can cover the transmitted ray that comprises important information.
The practical application instance
Fig. 8 demonstration is used to explain that the present invention is applied to the key diagram of the practical examples of liquid crystal type display device.For example, Fig. 8 A has shown that the present invention is applied to the situation of the display 202 of portable telephone terminal 201, and Fig. 8 B has shown that the present invention is applied to the situation of the display 212 of notebook type PC211.These all are according to each the typical application of liquid crystal indicator in above-mentioned first and second instances.Except these situation, the present invention also can be applied to for example game machine, music player, vehicle-mounted auto-navigation system, DVD player, clock and watch, television receiver and digital camera.In addition, as the practical application instance of the 3rd instance, liquid crystal indicator can be applied to the ordinary electronic equipment with industrial display unit, for example, and auto-teller, automatic machine and various information terminal device.
Be illustrated according to display device of the present invention through the situation of liquid crystal panel with reference to display unit with special needs backlight.Yet the present invention can also be added to acting other self-emission display apparatus of the same manner (can be some different types of its light-source system part).
The present invention can be added to the common electronic equipment of the display device that adopts liquid crystalline type and similar type.
Though with reference to its example embodiment the present invention has been carried out concrete demonstration and explanation, the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art can make the various changes on form and the details at this under the prerequisite that does not break away from the essence of the present invention that limited claim and scope.
Claims (8)
1. display device, said display device comprises display panel, is arranged on the front surface sidelight source and the backlight of the front surface side of said display panel, and said backlight is arranged on the back side of said display panel, wherein along said display panel:
Said front surface sidelight source is used for the said front surface side radius towards said display panel;
Diffuse reflection partly is arranged on the said front surface side of said display panel, be used for the light of diffuse way reflection from said front surface sidelight source radiation, and transmission simultaneously is from the light of rear side; And
Said backlight comprise the luminous flux control device that is used to calibrate transmitted ray and can the pellucidity of the directivity that keeps calibration light with make the transparent-diffusion control element that carries out electric conversion between the scattering state of calibrating light scatter.
2. display device according to claim 1, wherein said backlight comprise according to said transparent-the said conversion of diffusion control element regulates the brightness regulating apparatus of the brightness of said transmitted ray.
3. display device according to claim 1; Wherein said front surface sidelight source comprises front surface sidelight source brightness regulating apparatus, said front surface sidelight source brightness regulating apparatus according to said transparent-the said conversion of diffusion control element regulates the brightness in said front surface sidelight source.
4. display device according to claim 1 comprises the housing that is used to hold said display panel and said backlight, wherein:
Said front surface sidelight source is the external lighting device of separating setting with said housing.
5. display device according to claim 3, wherein:
Said backlight comprise according to said transparent-the said conversion of diffusion control element regulates the brightness regulating apparatus of the brightness of said transmitted ray; Said brightness regulating apparatus be constituted as when conversion said transparent-during the state of diffusion control element, the situation that the situation that the brightness settings of said transmitted ray is paired in wide visual field pattern is compared to narrow visual field pattern is stronger; And
It is constant that the brightness in said front surface sidelight source is set at for two kinds of said display modes.
6. display device according to claim 3; Wherein front surface sidelight source brightness regulating apparatus is used to regulate the brightness of the output light in said front surface sidelight source, and said front surface sidelight source brightness regulating apparatus has the lower function of situation that situation that brightness settings with said front surface sidelight source is paired in wide visual field pattern is compared to narrow visual field pattern.
7. display device according to claim 1, wherein said display panel is made up of liquid crystal panel.
8. electronic equipment that comprises display device, wherein said display device is a display device according to claim 1.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007282459 | 2007-10-30 | ||
| JP2007282459 | 2007-10-30 | ||
| JP2007-282459 | 2007-10-30 | ||
| JP2008-246065 | 2008-09-25 | ||
| JP2008246065A JP5299757B2 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2008-09-25 | Display device and electronic device |
| JP2008246065 | 2008-09-25 |
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| CN101435952A CN101435952A (en) | 2009-05-20 |
| CN101435952B true CN101435952B (en) | 2012-02-15 |
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| JP (1) | JP5299757B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101435952B (en) |
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| JP2009282225A (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2009-12-03 | Panasonic Corp | Display device |
| TWI468807B (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2015-01-11 | Young Lighting Technology Inc | Backlight module |
| CN106646954B (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2019-09-13 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of peep-proof display and liquid crystal display device |
| EP3814680A4 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2022-05-04 | RealD Spark, LLC | Optical stack for privacy display |
| WO2020167680A1 (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2020-08-20 | Reald Spark, Llc | Diffuser for privacy display |
| TW202102883A (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-16 | 美商瑞爾Ｄ斯帕克有限責任公司 | Directional display apparatus |
| US11892717B2 (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2024-02-06 | Reald Spark, Llc | Marks for privacy display |
| CN114442347B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-04-28 | 绵阳惠科光电科技有限公司 | Display module |
| US11977286B2 (en) | 2022-02-09 | 2024-05-07 | Reald Spark, Llc | Observer-tracked privacy display |
| US11892718B2 (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2024-02-06 | Reald Spark, Llc | Directional display apparatus |
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| CN1702512A (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2005-11-30 | 日本电气株式会社 | Light source, display device, portable terminal device, and ray direction switching element |
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| JP4949678B2 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2012-06-13 | シャープ株式会社 | Display device |
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| CN1702512A (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2005-11-30 | 日本电气株式会社 | Light source, display device, portable terminal device, and ray direction switching element |
| CN1721941A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-01-18 | 住友化学株式会社 | Anti-glare polarizing film laminate and liquid display device using the same |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101435952A (en) | 2009-05-20 |
| JP2009134266A (en) | 2009-06-18 |
| JP5299757B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
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