CN101420066B - Wideband single layer microstrip patch antenna - Google Patents
Wideband single layer microstrip patch antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN101420066B CN101420066B CN 200810244307 CN200810244307A CN101420066B CN 101420066 B CN101420066 B CN 101420066B CN 200810244307 CN200810244307 CN 200810244307 CN 200810244307 A CN200810244307 A CN 200810244307A CN 101420066 B CN101420066 B CN 101420066B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wide band one-layer microstrip patch antenna, which solves the problem of narrow impedance width in the currently common microstrip antenna. The microstrip patch of the antenna is a one-layer microstrip patch; one end of a stair-stepping coplane microstrip line with two widths is inserted in the patch antenna by the open slot on a convex microstrip patch, and the other end of a feeding microstrip line is positioned at the edge of a microstrip dielectric-slab; a concave metal carinal cavity is arranged at the back surface of the microstrip dielectric-slab excluding the position corresponding to the microstrip patch and in the middle of structural mounting plate. The wide band one-layer microstrip patch antenna can form a large microstrip patch antenna array easily, which is in favor of impedance matching of the antenna, the subnetwork design for microstrip work, the weight reduction of the antenna and the bandwidth widening of the antenna; the wide band one-layer microstrip patch antenna of the invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure and small cross section, which improves the telecommunication performance and reduces the whole weight of the antenna array.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement structure of single-layer medium micro-strip paster antenna, specifically a kind of broadband, metal backing cavity configuration, thin single-layer medium convex micro-strip paster antenna.The present invention both can be used for receiving, and also can be used for launching radio wave.
Background technology
Broad-band antenna is more and more extensive in the application in dual-use field.Simultaneously, in some concrete application, also have such as the specific (special) requirements of the aspects such as volume, weight, efficient and environmental suitability for antenna array.For example: for machine/Space-borne, require the antenna thin profile, lightweight, efficient is high and satisfy the certain environment application conditions.
The radiating antenna that is suitable for planar array antenna has various ways, mainly contains wave guide slot array antenna, printing vibrator and Microstrip Antenna Array etc.Wave guide slot array antenna efficient is high, but Heavy Weight, processing cost are high; Printed dipole antenna battle array section is high, structural group is pretended to complexity when consisting of planar array; Micro-strip paster antenna have section low, be easy to batch machining and consist of large-scale planar array antenna, but its narrow bandwidth.Selection for antenna form need to be according to actual requirement, and the factor compromise of comprehensive each side is considered.
Microstrip antenna since have section low, lightweight, be easy to processing and be easy to and the many merits such as other active device is integrated, therefore, have wide range of application.
Common microstrip antenna has the narrow shortcoming of impedance bandwidth, and the researcher has done a large amount of research to the impedance bandwidth of broadening microstrip antenna, and relatively typical method has:
1. adopt mode, especially the double-layer paster antenna form of multiple-layered patches, consist of the double resonance points by the pasters of different sizes up and down, thereby increase the impedance bandwidth of microstrip antenna.But this structure has its intrinsic shortcoming, namely, need the multilayer dielectricity plate, typical structure such as double-deck micro-strip paster antenna, it has comprised radiation feed dielectric layer, parasitic patch dielectric layer and froth bed between the two, and multilayer dielectricity is by the bonding assembling, and this structure has several obvious defectives, that is, the viscose glue of different materials dielectric-slab bonding is selected and process issues; Different materials thermal expansion factor difference is brought whole antenna thermal deformation problem; For borne SAR, also has the low problem of antenna array heat conduction; Be unfavorable for the active phase array antenna thermal design.
2. the micro-strip paster antenna of various grooves (as: E type groove, the U-shaped groove etc.) loading of employing coaxial feed form also can increase the impedance bandwidth of microstrip antenna.(non-bidimensional is than wide-angle scanning battle array, and such as the one-dimensional scanning battle array, or another ties up less scanning battle array forming large-scale planar array antenna for the patch antenna element of this class formation.More typical application example is the two-dimentional active phase array antenna in the satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar, its distance is to about ± 20 ° of common requirement scannings, and the orientation is to about the scanning only ± 1 °, therefore whole phased array is made of many independently multiple units usually) time its intrinsic defective is arranged: each radiating element adopts probe feed to be unfavorable for processing, and a large amount of probe and the vertical solder joint between the microband paste have reduced the reliability of system; In order to form planar array, still need extra power division network; In addition, the dielectric-slab thickness of these antenna unit is usually all thicker, has therefore increased the weight of antenna, and has been unfavorable for little band power division network co-planar designs.
3. other electromagnetic coupled feed micro-strip paster antennas such as L shaped little band and terminal loads all has above to similar fault of construction.
Summary of the invention
There is the narrow shortcoming of impedance bandwidth in order to solve existing common microstrip antenna, the invention provides the thin single-layer medium convex of a kind of broadband metal backing cavity configuration micro-strip paster antenna.Have good broadband feature, and simple in structure, be convenient to form planar array.
The concrete technical scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is as follows:
A kind of wideband single layer microstrip patch antenna comprise have microband paste, little micro-strip paster antenna with dielectric-slab and metal backing chamber, described microband paste is positioned at little positive middle part with dielectric-slab;
Described microband paste is individual layer convex microband paste, and the end with stepped coplanar microstrip line of two kinds of width inserts in the paster antenna by the fluting on the convex microband paste, and the other end of feed microstrip line is positioned at little edge with dielectric-slab;
Be provided with the metal stratum with the little band dielectric-slab back side outside the microband paste corresponding section, whole little band dielectric-slab back side also is provided with the support structure plate, the support structure plate middle part corresponding with microband paste is provided with interior hollow back chamber, and the inner surface in interior hollow back chamber is provided with metal level, forms the metal backing chamber.
The rectangle part of described convex microband paste bottom is of a size of L=15mm, W=7.6mm, and its top projection is of a size of L1=3.0, W1=1.2mm; Fluting on the described convex microband paste is rectangular channel;
The width W 2 of the coplanar microstrip line of described insertion paster inside is 1.9mm, and length L 2 is 9.9mm, and the width W f of another that is connected section coplanar microstrip line is 0.3mm.
Described metal backing chamber is close to little back side with dielectric-slab, be positioned at microband paste under, metal backing chamber height H c is 3.5mm, back of the body accent footpath dimensions length Lc is 16.4mm, width W c is 16.4mm.
Described little band dielectric-slab material is polytetrafluoroethylene (RT6002), and dielectric constant is 2.94; Thickness Hd is 0.508 millimeter, and length L 0 is 30mm, and width W 0 is 30mm.
Described support structure plate can be conventional aluminium honeycomb panel or metallic plate.
The present invention has the useful technique effect of following several several respects:
Adopt coplanar microstrip line that the convex microband paste is carried out feed, reduce the difficulty of processing of large-scale plane microstrip antenna battle array, and adopt and thinly littlely be beneficial to the design of stepped coplanar microstrip line with dielectric-slab, be easy to consist of large-scale Microstrip Antenna Array;
Take full advantage of large-scale little support structure plate with planar array, support structure plate under the convex microband paste is opened rectangular cavities, in order to increase convex microband paste little effective thickness and reduction effective dielectric constant with dielectric-slab, realize the micro-strip paster antenna broadband performance.
Stepped coplanar microstrip line is deep into paster antenna inside, and selects the width of different microstrip lines by the fluting on the convex microband paste, is conducive to the impedance matching of antenna.
Antenna back of the body chamber groove leaves in structural slab, has reduced the structural slab entity part, and electric, machine integrated design realizes antenna loss of weight about 17%.
Described improved broadband convex micro-strip paster antenna adopts stepped coplanar microstrip line to carry out feed, can be printed on little band dielectric-slab with little band power division network, forms easily large-scale planar array antenna, and is simple in structure, is easy to processing; Adopt the thin-layered medium plate to be conducive to little design with power division network, and reduced antenna weight; Take full advantage of the support structure plate of microstrip antenna array, make back of the body chamber and the structural slab integrated design of Bandwidth, nothing is increase equipment additionally, and reduced the weight of structural slab.
The present invention is simple in structure, compact, cross section is little.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure vertical view of antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that antenna of the present invention is along the profile of AA ' among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the convex microband paste 1 physical dimension schematic diagram of antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the coplanar microstrip line 2 physical dimension schematic diagrames of the ladder of antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is back of the body chamber 3 and little band dielectric-slab 4 physical dimension schematic diagrames of antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is as a result figure of antenna input port reflection coefficient of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is preferred embodiment of the present invention unit 8 microstrip antenna linear array structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the preferred embodiment of the present invention 8 * 8 microstrip antenna subarray configuration schematic diagrames.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment the present invention is done to describe further.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of broadband metal backing cavate individual layer convex micro-strip paster antenna comprises convex microband paste 1, has the stepped coplanar microstrip line 2 of two kinds of width, carries on the back chamber 3, little band dielectric-slab 4, support structure plate 5 and metal ground 6.
End with coplanar microstrip line 2 of two kinds of width is inserted into paster antenna inside by the fluting on the convex microband paste, and the other end of feed microstrip line 2 is positioned at little edge with dielectric-slab 4;
Be provided with metal stratum 6 with little band dielectric-slab 4 back sides outside microband paste 1 corresponding section, whole little band dielectric-slab 4 back sides also are provided with support structure plate 5, support structure plate 5 middle parts corresponding with microband paste 1 are interior hollow back chamber 3, and the inner surface in interior hollow back chamber 3 is provided with metal level, form the metal backing chamber.
As shown in Figure 3, convex microband paste 1 length L is 15mm, and width W is 7.6mm; The long L1 of convex microband paste 1 edge, one side bossing is 3.0mm, and wide W1 is 1.2mm; It is that the 6.8mm width Ws is the rectangular channel of 4.9mm that convex microband paste 1 edge opposite side has a length L s, so that stepped coplanar microstrip line 2 can stretch into convex microband paste 1 inside.
As shown in Figure 4, stepped coplanar microstrip line 2 stretches into convex microband paste 1 inside, stepped coplanar microstrip line 2 is comprised of two sections different microstrip lines of width, wider with the convex microband paste 1 inner micro belt line width that directly links to each other, it is that 9.9mm, wide W2 are 1.9mm that size is respectively long L2, and the narrower partial width Ws of stepped coplanar microstrip line 2 width is 0.3mm.
Such as Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 5, support structure plate 5 is close to little back side with dielectric-slab 4, hollow back chamber 3 in one cuboid is arranged in the support structure plate 5, interior hollow back chamber 3 be positioned at convex microband paste 1 under, and be close to little back side with dielectric-slab 4, interior hollow back chamber 3 long Lc are that 16.4mm, wide Wc are that 16.4mm, high Hc are 3.5mm.Little band dielectric-slab 4 long L0 be 30mm, wide for W0 be that 30mm, thickness Hd are 0.508mm; Little band dielectric-slab 4 materials are polytetrafluoroethylene.
As shown in Figure 2, be positioned at little ground connection Copper Foil with dielectric-slab 4 back sides removals that be corroded directly over the back of the body chamber 3, it is identical with the caliber size of carrying on the back chamber 3 upper openings to remove the part caliber size; Back of the body chamber 3 inwalls are coated with one deck Copper Foil, and this Copper Foil with the be not corroded Copper Foil good contact of removal of dielectric-slab 4 back sides, consists of the metal ground 6 of micro-strip paster antenna with little jointly.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
Back of the body chamber 3 medium under the convex microband paste 1 are air, and the dielectric constant of air is about 1, have reduced the effective dielectric constant of convex microband paste 1 below medium, are conducive to the impedance bandwidth of broadening micro-strip paster antenna; Simultaneously, because the height equivlent that increases convex microband paste 1 below medium has also been played in the existence of the air dielectric in the back of the body chamber 3, this also is conducive to launch the impedance bandwidth of micro-strip paster antenna; Adopt unique convex microband paste 1 and back of the body chamber 3, a plurality of resonant frequency values can be formed, by regulating the size in convex paster 1 and back of the body chamber 3, each resonant frequency value spacing can be regulated, when each resonant frequency value spacing is appropriate, with regard to the impedance bandwidth of efficiency broadening micro-strip paster antenna; Because the below has little effective dielectric constant and height equivlent with dielectric-slab 4 in back of the body chamber 3 all not identical with simple little effective dielectric constant and height equivlent with dielectric-slab 4, so the characteristic impedance of same widths microstrip line is also different, so the present invention adopts unique 2 pairs of convex microband paste 1 feeds of stepped coplanar microstrip line, in order to reach the purpose of Broadband Matching, thus the impedance bandwidth of effective broadening micro-strip paster antenna; In sum, the present invention effectively broadening the impedance bandwidth of micro-strip paster antenna, thereby greatly improved performance.
In addition, the feed microstrip line mode that employing of the present invention and microband paste are coplanar is conducive to be comprised of Subarray the processing of large-scale antenna battle array.
Performance of the present invention is as follows:
Accompanying drawing 6 is the curve of X-wave band autenna cell S 11 parameters of the present invention with frequency change.S11≤-the examination condition of 10dB under, impedance bandwidth is 4.36GHz (8.6GHz is to 12.96GHz), namely the relative impedance bandwidth of antenna is 40%, and conventional single layer microstrip patch antenna bandwidth is only within 1%.
Embodiment 2:
A preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 7, one to be applied to 8 yuan of microstrip antenna linear arrays of X-band, this linear array is formed along rectilinear translation by 42 unit battle arrays, adopt anti-phase feeding classification between Unit 2,8 convex microband pastes 1 link to each other with coplanar 1: 8 little band power division network 7 and consist of a linear array, and final and coaxial connector 8 passes through vertical welding.
Embodiment 3:
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 8, this 8 * 8 microstrip antenna submatrix by 8 yuan of linear arrays shown in Figure 7 in the same direction translation form, this submatrix links to each other with the T/R assembly, is aided with power supply, ripple control and mounting structure spare etc. and can be extended to large-scale Subarray active phase array antenna.
Above content is the detailed description of the present invention being done in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation, can not assert that implementation of the present invention only limits to these explanations.For those skilled in the art; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; can also make some simple deduction or replace, such as difform paster and back of the body chamber, all should be considered as belonging to the invention protection range that the present invention is determined by claims of submitting to.
Claims (5)
1. wideband single layer microstrip patch antenna, comprise have the convex microband paste, little micro-strip paster antenna with dielectric-slab and metal backing chamber, described convex microband paste is positioned at little positive middle part with dielectric-slab, it is characterized in that:
Described convex microband paste is individual layer convex microband paste, convex microband paste one lateral edges projection, and corresponding opposite side has rectangular channel, and is inner so that stepped coplanar microstrip line can stretch into the convex microband paste; End with stepped coplanar microstrip line of two kinds of width inserts microband paste inside by the rectangular channel on the convex microband paste, and the other end of stepped coplanar microstrip line is positioned at little edge with dielectric-slab;
Be provided with the metal stratum with the little band dielectric-slab back side outside the convex microband paste corresponding section, whole little band dielectric-slab back side also is provided with the support structure plate, the support structure plate middle part corresponding with the convex microband paste is provided with interior hollow back chamber, the inner surface in interior hollow back chamber is provided with metal level, forms the metal backing chamber.
2. a kind of wideband single layer microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the rectangle part of described convex microband paste bottom is of a size of L=15mm, W=7.6mm, its top projection is of a size of long L1=3.0mm, wide W1=1.2mm.
3. a kind of wideband single layer microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the width W 2 of the coplanar microstrip line of described insertion convex microband paste inside is 1.9mm, length L 2 is 9.9mm, and the width W f of another that is connected section coplanar microstrip line is 0.3mm.
4. a kind of wideband single layer microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described metal backing chamber is close to little back side with dielectric-slab, be positioned at the convex microband paste under, metal backing chamber height H c is 3.5mm, back of the body accent footpath dimensions length Lc is 16.4mm, and width W c is 16.4mm.
5. a kind of wideband single layer microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described little band dielectric-slab material is polytetrafluoroethylene, and dielectric constant is 2.94; Thickness Hd is 0.508mm, and length L 0 is 30mm, and width W 0 is 30mm.
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| CN 200810244307 CN101420066B (en) | 2008-11-21 | 2008-11-21 | Wideband single layer microstrip patch antenna |
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| CN 200810244307 CN101420066B (en) | 2008-11-21 | 2008-11-21 | Wideband single layer microstrip patch antenna |
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| CN101420066B true CN101420066B (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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