CN101411607B - Device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball - Google Patents

Device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball Download PDF

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CN101411607B
CN101411607B CN200710047049A CN200710047049A CN101411607B CN 101411607 B CN101411607 B CN 101411607B CN 200710047049 A CN200710047049 A CN 200710047049A CN 200710047049 A CN200710047049 A CN 200710047049A CN 101411607 B CN101411607 B CN 101411607B
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eyeball
sclera
conjunctiva
image
blood vessel
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CN101411607A (en
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张晓林
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Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology of CAS
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张光荣
张晓林
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Abstract

The invention provides a camera device for conjunctiva and sclera of an eyeball, which can compensate movements of the eyeball such as unconscious micromotion and so on, and enable the shooting of blood vessels, blood stream and corpuscles of the conjunctiva and the sclera to be possible. The camera device for the conjunctiva and the sclera of the eyeball comprises a sighting target watched by a determined person, a camera device, a light source, an adjustment structure, an image processing part, an unconscious microvibration compensation part, and a display. The camera device needs to have functions of analyzing the resolution of the blood vessels, the blood stream and the corpuscles of the conjunctiva and the sclera, compensating the unconscious microvibration of the eyeball, at least resolving graphics with the resolution less than 1mu m in a square or rectangular shooting area with the edge length of between 100 and 2,000mu m, and shooting more than 200 images per second. The image processing part can identify the shape of the blood vessels of the conjunctiva and the sclera of the eyeball, and perform track processing to the images shot by the camera device. The unconscious microvibration compensation part of the eyeball performs the processing of eliminating microvibration to the images processed by an image processing tool.

Description

Device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball
Technical field
The present invention relates to device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball to conjunctiva and sclera shooting.Particularly, relate to and to compensate unconscious little the shaking of eyeball, make shooting become possible conjunctiva sclera camera head blood vessel, blood flow and the blood cell of conjunctiva and sclera.
Background technology
As the assay method of the blood capillary of biology, blood flow, blood cell, known method has, and the blood vessel of observing finger fingernail below is measured the method for blood flow, observes the nethike embrane of eyeball in addition, measures the speed of blood flow etc. by Doppler method.As the disclosed patent documentation 1 of Japan---the spy opens flat 10-276986; Patent documentation 2---the spy opens 2000-83916.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved
Use the blood vessel of fingernail below and the measuring device of blood flow, perhaps use the method for observing the optical fundus nethike embrane, all, can't observe blood cell because there is not enough resolution.These methods in order to measure the flowing velocity of blood flow, have been used Doppler method, so can't try to achieve the flowing velocity of blood flow from the image that is taken.In Doppler method, because the blood vessel diameter at determined position is very thin, thus can't measure each root blood vessel, and be difficult to make the blood flow rate of blood vessel and position corresponding one by one.Therefore, known method is not high-precision method.
Blood vessel in conjunctiva and the sclera near body surface, and at supracutaneous conjunctiva transparency height, is the optimal place of unhinderedly measuring organism blood and shape of blood vessel.But, when eyeball is being watched sighting target attentively regularly, usually there is the high frequency microvibration that (reaching as high as 90HZ) takes place, when taking blood capillary, blood cell,, just can not photograph the image of analysing clearly if this unconscious little existence of shaking is arranged.
In view of above-mentioned practical situation, the invention provides unconscious little the shaking that can compensate eyeball, can clearly photograph the conjunctiva sclera camera head of blood vessel, blood flow and the blood cell of conjunctiva and sclera.
The method of dealing with problems
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball of the present invention need possess:
1. the icon that will watch attentively of person to be measured;
2. satisfactory shooting instrument: resolution wants high to the object that can differentiate below the 1 μ m, can resolve blood vessel, the blood flow of conjunctive bulbi and sclera, the form of blood cell; Having the length of side at least is pros or the rectangle camera watch region of 100 μ m to 2000 μ m; Can compensate the unconscious microvibration of eyeball; Per second can be taken more than 200 width of cloth images;
3. the light source that illumination is arranged in shooting instrument and its camera watch region;
4. can regulate the adjustment means that the shooting instrument moves in camera watch region;
5. can be familiar with conjunctiva and the shape of blood vessel of sclera and the Flame Image Process instrument of the image that tracking processing shooting instrument photographs of eyeball;
6. the unconscious little compensation instrument that shakes of little eyeball that shakes that can removal of images handling implement processed images;
7. the pictorial display instrument to be arranged, can show the image that the shooting instrument photographed, again can display image handling implement processed images, can also show the image that unconscious little compensation tool compensation of shaking is crossed.
8. can place the lens instrument between icon and the eyeball.
In order to make a video recording in turn to each position of the conjunctiva sclera of eyeball, can allow icon move in turn, by the Flame Image Process instrument image is coupled together in turn.
Unconscious little work of shaking the compensation instrument is, from the image that photographs, select 1 width of cloth image, take out the pattern of shape of blood vessel, the more corresponding pattern of search in each image that links to each other, detect the amount of movement of shape of blood vessel pattern, then the shape of blood vessel pattern in each image is placed on the same position.
In order to distinguish is conjunctiva blood vessel or sclera blood vessel, can adopt the method for focal depth on the shooting instrument.
In order to follow the tracks of the blood cell of internal blood vessel, can do Flame Image Process to the image that the shooting instrument photographs by the Flame Image Process instrument.
The light source here also can throw light on the light of specific wavelength, with the reflectance or the transmitance of blood vessel or blood, distinguishes the composition of blood vessel or blood.
The light source here can also throw light on LASER Light Source.
And then can also load onto the laser analysis pick off, in order to detect light wavelength, position phase, the intensity that reflects from eyeball.
The position that LASER Light Source is placed will make the reflected ray of the symmetrical angle of reflection of the angle of incidence of laser of directive eyeball and the optical axis of shooting instrument overlap.
LASER Light Source can be made of point source or line source, can the scan camera shooting zone, and from the image in turn that the shooting instrument obtains, the reflected light that is taken out sclera by the Flame Image Process instrument synthesizes, and generates the sclera reflected light image.
Can use nozzle in order to add medicine to eyeball.
The invention effect
Use device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball of the present invention, can eye not had under the state of infringement, blood vessel, blood flow, the blood cell of conjunctiva and sclera are made a video recording, this is an advantage of the present invention.Therefore, can under the state that does not have infringement, blood be checked.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the side skeleton diagram of conjunctiva sclera camera head the 1st embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side skeleton diagram of conjunctiva sclera camera head the 2nd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the skeleton diagram of overlooking of conjunctiva sclera camera head the 2nd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the diagram of the relation of eyeball, light source and camera head.
Fig. 5 is the relation of conjunctiva, sclera and blood vessel and the diagram that obtains image.
Fig. 6 when using laser beam scan camera shooting zone, the high-speed camera superimposing compensation principal diagram of unconscious little image that shakes.
Symbol description among the figure: 1 video camera; 2 camera lenses; 3 camera heads; 4 light sources; 5 governor motions; 6 image processing section; 7 unconscious little compensated part of shaking; 8 display; 10 icons; 11 eyeballs; 12 setting tools; 13 eyeball normals; 14 conjunctiva blood vessels; 15 images that photograph.
The specific embodiment
Below be diagram and the explanation of implementing optimal morphology of the present invention.Fig. 1 is the side skeleton diagram of the 1st embodiment of conjunctiva sclera camera head of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, unconscious little compensated part 7 and the display 8 of shaking of the icon 10 watched attentively by person to be measured of conjunctiva sclera camera head of the present invention, camera head 3, light source 4, governor motion 5, image processing section 6, the eyeball be made up of camera part 1 and camera lens 2 constitutes.
Camera part 1 is the video camera of energy high-speed photography, preferably high speed DV.Camera lens 2 is high-rate lens.Camera head 3 will have: can resolve blood vessel, the blood flow of the conjunctiva sclera of eyeball 11, the enough resolution of blood cell, can compensate eyeball 11 unconscious little shaking, can regulate the function of shooting speed of scope, resolution and every width of cloth image of shooting.Specifically: reach in the square or rectangular photography zone of the length of side 100 μ m to 2000 μ m, can differentiate the following figure of 1 μ m, the above picture rate of per second 200 frames.For example can adopt FASTCAM (registered trade mark) video camera of Photron company limited.Can be adjusted to the shooting of per second 1000 frames, 1,000,000 pixels, each pixel size is 7 μ m (if lens ratio is 7 times, just can observe 1 μ m) like this.Camera lens 2 can use independent high-rate lens, if necessary, can place one more separately and can also can use zoom lens to the wide-angle lens of all shootings of eye.In addition, as the prerequisite of photography, camera head 3 is preferably aimed at the center of eyeball.The optical axis of video camera preferably overlaps with the normal of camera watch region central point in other words, because along with the off-normal direction, the scope that can't focus can increase.Because the depth of field of high-rate lens is very shallow, too big if the normal at the optical axis of video camera and camera watch region center departs from, eyeball surface will change to the distance of the imaging surface of video camera, can't include in the depth of field, and image thickens.Therefore, for fear of this class situation, the angle of the sight line angle of incidence of above-mentioned shooting instrument and camera watch region central point normal is preferably in 3 °.
Light source 4 is the light sources that can throw light on to camera watch region inside.Can be by Halogen light, optical fiber, lens wait and constitute, and to shine group shot picture zone, and for example radius is the light beam of 3mm degree.Light source also can use the light beam of specific wavelength, according to the reflectance or the transmitance of blood vessel or blood, can distinguish or measure the composition of blood vessel or blood.
Governor motion 5 is governor motions of camera position, is to regulate the optical axis intersection of the sight line of camera head 3 and light source 4 in the camera watch region of conjunctive bulbi and sclera.Can use the adjusting platform of 2DOF all around.Not only can use hardware to regulate, also can use software to regulate.In whole camera watch region, select the position of needed shooting frame exactly by software.
In order to compensate unconscious little the shaking of eyeball, must prevent the motion of head, can use the securing head setting tool of person to be measured head.Concrete setting tool can use tooth to bite bar-shaped equipment and the tool kit of tabular equipment that forehead is pushed down.Head is fixed and can't be rotated, to reduce oculomotor compensation range (amount of movement) as far as possible.
Governor motion also can constitute with the driver of energy automatic setting camera head position.In addition, also can locate to make a video recording simultaneously to canthus etc., be benchmark with this position, compensates the motion of head.
Image processing section 6 is made of the personal electric computer, carries out various Flame Image Process.That is to say, image processing section 6, for the shape of blood vessel of the conjunctiva sclera of following the tracks of eyeball, the image that camera head 3 is photographed carries out Flame Image Process.Specifically, image processing section 6 is at first done the pretreatment of removing noise to the image that obtains.Usually, during the high-speed camera photography, time of exposure is very short, need enough bright light source in order to reach suitable exposure, if use the strong illumination eyeball, it is very difficult that shooting will become, so use more weak light source, on image, will produce high sensitive noise at random.Therefore will carry out noise removes processing, for example, handles with noise filter.In addition owing to reasons such as lens properties, the time regular meeting photograph image around light exposure situation about descending, the irradiation speckle of the light source of irradiation eyeball also can cause luminance deviation.Therefore, in order to revise these deviations, can use vignette correction or the correction of irradiation speckle.This revisal can be made a video recording to blank sheet of paper in advance, and then the image of contrast eyeball is revised.
Image processing section 6 can not used the image of moment.Specifically, if any very big difference, can ignore the image during this before and after the image that obtains in turn.Also eyelid can be removed from image, eyelashes, the influence of shade etc.
Can eyeball be rotated mobile icon 10, be made a video recording in turn in each position of conjunctiva and sclera, these images are linked together by image processing section 6 obtains in larger scope image.
Do image after the designated treatment by image processing section 6, then will be by unconscious little the shaking of the unconscious little compensated part 7 compensation eyeballs that shake of eyeball, generating does not have unconscious little image that shakes.The blood vessel of conjunctiva and sclera is remained static to be observed.Unconscious little compensated part 7 of shaking can be made of the personal electric computer, can with the shared electronic computer of image processing section.
Unconscious little method of shaking compensation is, by unconscious little compensated part 7 of shaking, to clap in turn continuous two width of cloth images of image, use regional matching method to compare.Just select specified zone in the pro-piece image, in the piece image of back, find identical zone.The conjunctiva of eyeball and the shape of blood vessel of sclera can be used as the appointed area.Conjunctiva sclera camera head of the present invention is that condition is made a video recording with unconscious little the shaking that compensates eyeball, so can photograph the shape of blood vessel of conjunctiva and sclera.Therefore, can be the appointed area of the densely distributed position of blood vessel as regional matching method.This appointed area is taken out the zone of on the image of following, mating with regional matching method search.
The zone matching method is widely used as the method for identification icon, by contrast ideal pattern and the coincidence situation that is observed pattern, judges the pattern that is observed.Among the present invention, continuous two width of cloth images being used regional matching method, is that unit compensates with the pixel to the amount of movement of identical patterns.The zone matching method generally has two kinds of model matching method and structure matching methods.The model matching method is, reference pattern be observed pattern and overlap, relatively each pixel decides similarity.The structure matching method is, from reference pattern be observed and extract characteristic point the pattern out, the position by comparative feature point concerns decides similarity.Conjunctiva sclera camera head of the present invention, use which kind of matching method can, but because seldom, to take out clear and definite feature very difficult the marginal portion in the image, so generally adopt the model matching method.In the model matching method, there is the matching method of similar detection method of order and method of least square etc. to be widely used.Because eyeball itself has only parallel motion and gyration, the test by reality draws, and the similar detection method of order is better.
Next the similar detection matching method of declaration order.We select the image (M in part zone in the zone as benchmark image T* N TPixel) as (i j), takes out identical size (M again in will exploring the zone of image with reference to image T I* N IExploration window I pixel) (i, j).That is to say, be selecteed part zone in the benchmark image with reference to image, explores the interior image of window for being observed image.Like this, the fiducial value of exploring in window and the benchmark image with reference to image is that (u v), tries to achieve by following formula D.
D ( u , v ) = Σ i = 0 M T - 1 Σ j = 0 N T - 1 | I ( i + u , j + v ) - T ( i , j ) | Formula 1
Be observed in the exploration zone of image, obtain minimum D (u, in the time of v) (u v) is (u Min, v Min), represent by following formula.
D ( u min , v min ) = min 0 ≤ i ≤ M I - M T + 1,0 ≤ j ≤ N I - N T + 1 ( D ( i , j ) ) Formula 2
The position of the exploration window that following formula provides is to the most similar with reference to image.That is to say benchmark image and be observed that the amount of movement with respect to eyeball is (u between the image Min, v Min).
But, by the similar detection matching method of order, to detect, can't find the three-D changeable shape of generation in the detected image-region only with reference to parallel the moving of image in detected image, can only detect two degree of freedom of eyeball in gyration.Also no problem although it is so, if but replacing the similar detection method of order with the matching method of method of least square, the 3DOF that just can detect eyeball turns round, and just can find three-D changeable shape.
As mentioned above, detect continuously the position of the exploration window in each image, also just detected the amount of movement of shape of blood vessel figure, the position of moving each image then makes explores the window coincidence.Compensate unconscious little the shaking of eyeball by this method, shape of blood vessel has just looked like static equally like this.Use this unconscious little consecutive image that shakes that compensated, just can do various the parsing the conjunctiva of eyeball and the blood vessel of sclera etc.
Display 8 is used for showing the image that these were compensated.In addition, display 8 also can be connected with camera part 1 or image processing section 6 if necessary, checks the image that obtains or processed image by naked eyes.
Specify with above-mentioned conjunctiva sclera camera head the method that eyeball is made a video recording below.As the prerequisite of shooting, preferably camera head 3 is aimed at the center of eyeball, regulate camera watch region by governor motion 5 and aim at the eyeball center.In order to regulate the position of camera head 3, can on display 8, show the image that obtains from camera head 3 in real time.Certainly, demonstration does not in real time need high-speed camera, uses shooting usually (seconds 30 two field picture) just can.
The video camera 1 that conjunctiva sclera camera head of the present invention uses, can high-speed camera 1000 frame/seconds, the size of each pixel is 7 μ m.And the amplification degree of camera lens 2 is 5-60 times.Image by camera head 3 obtains is saved on the personal electric computer at any time.Also can on camera head 3, memory be set if necessary, again image be saved on the electronic computer after waiting shooting to finish.
For the fixing head of person to be measured, pin forehead with head setting tool 12, allow tooth bite bar-shaped setting tool again.And, in order to suppress the revolution of eyeball, allow person to be measured watch icon 10 attentively.Then the camera head 3 of the high-speed video camera of high magnification be set at common frame per second (such as, 30 frame/seconds following), reduce conjunctiva and the sclera irradiation of the brightness of light source 4 to eyeball.Also can use wide-angle lens that eyeball is made a video recording if necessary, display image on display 8, the position of image limit by adjusting device 5 adjusting camera heads 3 confirmed on the limit.Then, change powerful camera lens, the position of image limit adjusting focus is confirmed on the limit.In addition, using focal depth to distinguish is conjunctiva blood vessel or sclera blood vessel.That is to say,, can select to regulate the focal position, make conjunctiva blood vessel or aligning sclera blood vessel in focus because the depth of field is very shallow.Then, also can obtain preferable image, improve the brightness of light source in order to make high-speed camera.But the brightness of light source will remain on the degree that does not hurt eyeball.To under such state, just begin high-speed camera, again image is saved on the computer in turn.
Then, by image processing section 6, from preserve image, take out piece image and be appointed as benchmark image.This two field picture is done pretreatment, remove noise, carry out the vignette correction, irradiation speckle correction etc.By unconscious little compensated part 7 of shaking, pretreated image is taken out characteristic point.Find out the densely distributed part of blood vessel of the conjunctiva and the sclera of eyeball, a window that surrounds this part is taken out as with reference to image.
Then, do identical pretreatment for following piece image, the similar detection matching method contrast of use order detects in each image the position with reference to the corresponding exploration window of image with benchmark image.Then, the position of moving each image overlaps the corresponding position of exploring window, generates and has compensated the image that eyeball moves.
The blood-vessel image of conjunctiva of Sheng Chenging and sclera is the unconscious little gem-pure image that shakes that has compensated eyeball as mentioned above, so can use these images that blood vessel, blood flow, blood cell are done various parsings.Such as, can in image, specify blood vessel, measure the diameter of this blood vessel, measure the thickness of blood vessel wall.Because can differentiate each erythrocyte, calculate the amount of movement between each width of cloth image, so can follow the tracks of erythrocyte and detect translational speed.Can calculate erythrocytic number in the blood capillary, judge erythrocytic quantity the unit blood volume from the flow of blood capillary.Because can differentiate each erythrocyte, can measure the saturation of oxygen by the spectroscopy scheme picture.Also leukocyte can be detected, leukocyte and erythrocytic number ratio can be obtained.In addition, also can differentiate platelet.Can photograph the blood plasma part, the composition of analysed for plasma.
Then, if necessary eyeball is added medicine and will use nozzle, can observe the blood variation that the eyeball surface medicine sprays front and back.By injection fluorescent material or coloring matter are imported in the blood vessel if necessary, can be more clearly to blood and blood vessel shooting.
And the use focal depth can obtain the information on the depth direction, by the synthetic 3 dimension images that can generate conjunctiva and sclera.
In above-mentioned diagram, camera head is directly aimed at the eyeball as the shooting object, does not limit this kind method in the present invention, and be described as follows: the position of camera head can be arranged on place arbitrarily, and indirect makes a video recording to eyeball.Between camera head and eyeball, place mirror exactly, make the sight line complications of camera head, can be placed in camera head on the position of not blocking the eyeball sight line by mirror.When directly camera head being aimed at eyeball, because the relation of camera head size itself, the sight line that might block eyeball makes the visual field become narrow.But, avoid visual field occlusion issue to compare with above-mentioned use mirror, also can avoid this class problem by changing camera head self.
Between eyeball and camera head, optical fiber also can be set replace mirror, like this, camera head can be taken eyeball from the optional position.Use mirror the time, the position of camera head is decided by the position of eyeball and the focal length of camera lens, eyeball also is unalterable to total distance of camera head.But if use optical fiber, total distance can be set arbitrarily, can adjust the distance of camera head and eyes, so camera head can be arranged on position arbitrarily.
In order to allow the distance of icon placement location and the distance of eyeball sensation change, can between icon and eyeball, place lens.And,, also can between icon and eyes, place lens in order to allow two eyes as seeing different icons.If when wanting to allow conjunctiva sclera camera head miniaturization, can't be put into far position to icon.Icon is placed in the time of the place of several centimetres far away of glasses, because the very near person to be measured fatigue very that can allow of icon.At this moment, can between icon and eyeball, lens be set, even in-plant icon also can be watched attentively easily.In order to allow icon seem far, can give two with different icons, for the contradiction of the crystalline lens focal length of eliminating vision and eyeball can be used lens.
The 2nd embodiment of conjunctiva sclera camera head of the present invention then, is described.Fig. 2 is the side skeleton diagram for the 2nd embodiment that conjunctiva sclera camera head of the present invention is described.Fig. 3 is the skeleton diagram of overlooking of the 2nd embodiment.Among the figure, with the part of Fig. 1 prosign be same apparatus, so no longer be illustrated.As shown in Figure 2, conjunctiva sclera camera head of the present invention is identical with the 1st embodiment, the icon of being watched attentively by person to be measured 10, by video camera 1, the camera head 3 that camera lens 2 is formed, light source 4 ', governor motion 5, image processing section 6, unconscious little compensated part 7 and display 8 formations of shaking of eyeball.
The part that the 2nd embodiment is different with the 1st embodiment is that light source 4 ' is to be made of LASER Light Source.LASER Light Source is point source or line source, and the shot shape that shines the shooting position is a point or a line, can scan camera watch region.If line source, shot shape are lines, its length wishes to surpass the length of camera watch region.No matter be point source or line source, it is narrower that the width of its shot shape is wanted.But be subjected to the width of the imaging apparatus of light on the camera head, more than 2 pixels for well.And, light source 4 ' as shown in Figure 4, the angle of incidence of light source directive eyeball and the sight angle of camera head 3 will be placed on the symmetric position of normal of eyeball.For the normal of eyeball, use the direct reflection principle in other words, camera head will be placed on the position of the angle of reflection identical with the angle of incidence of light source and make a video recording.
Fig. 4 is the shooting principle that direct reflection is used in explanation, is the diagram for the relation that eyeball, light source and camera head are described.Camera head 3 is placed on an opposite side with light source of eyeball normal 13, and the camera angle of camera head 3 is identical with the incident angle of light source 4 '.Can photograph the strongest reflected light like this.As an example, the optical axis of the sight line of camera head 3 and LASER Light Source 4 ' (when being line source, being the center of shot shape) is arranged on the same horizontal plane, according to direct reflection, light source and camera head symmetry are placed.Then, the center of aiming at eyeball is adjusted in the visual field of camera head 3.If light source 4 ' uses line source, when the conjunctiva of irradiation eyeball and scleral surface, the picture of the light of line style will appear.
Fig. 5 is explanation conjunctiva, sclera, the relation of blood vessel and the image 15 that photographs.As shown in the figure, laser beam is by conjunctival surface and scleral surface reflection, and shooting obtains 2 lines.If there is conjunctiva blood vessel 14 to exist, blood vessel also can reflector laser light.That is to say that the part of laser beam is reflected by blood vessel surface, another part sees through after being absorbed by blood vessel, is reflected by scleral surface.Because blood vessel is cylindrical, vasoreflex light is a little to be photographed as specular light, and most of conduct diffuses and is taken, so non-secular reflected light is very weak.Then, for the sclera reflected light, do not have the part of blood vessel to form specular light, but a light part that sees through blood vessel is absorbed by blood vessel, reflected light can die down.The line in two straight lines left sides is the reflected light of conjunctival surface in the image as shown in Figure 5, image, and the straight line on right side is the reflected light of scleral surface, and the line between this is the reflected light of blood vessel surface.The reflected light homogeneous and bright of the conjunctival surface that photographs, the reflected light of scleral surface its see through behind the blood vessel reflected light a little less than, a light part is darker.So the reflected light of blood vessel surface is because blood vessel is cylindrical dying down.Like this because blood vessel have or not the reflected light that can change scleral surface, so with laser beam scan camera shooting zone the time, the high-speed camera superimposing compensation unconscious little image that shakes, represent the state of blood vessel or blood cell.In addition, if laser beam to the speed of all scanning of camera watch region below 10ms, just be enough to compensate unconscious little having shaken.If use the laser beam scanning of plural number simultaneously, just can make scanning speed faster.In addition, use the light sources such as Halogen light of the 1st embodiment simultaneously except that laser beam, the image 15 that obtains so also can carry out unconscious little compensation of shaking as the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 6 illustrates when using LASER Light Source scan camera shooting zone, the high-speed camera superimposing compensation principle of unconscious little image that shakes.Fig. 6 (a)-Fig. 6 (d) is the process that the image at shooting position from left to right scans.The image that obtains is shown in Fig. 6 (a ')-Fig. 6 (d '), and the synthetic result of each reflected image is shown in Fig. 6 (e).Know that by Fig. 6 (e) reflected light of conjunctiva is consistent substantially, synthetic back generates the image of homogeneous and bright.Say again, because the reflected light of blood vessel is most of for diffusing, so composograph is dim and unease.And about the reflected light of sclera, for same blood vessel, both existed through the light that is reflected behind the blood vessel, also exist the reflection back to see through the light of blood vessel.Therefore, can obtain the reflected image of blood vessel and see through two images of image from the reflected image of sclera.That is to say, with line source scan camera shooting zone, extract the sclera reflected light from each image that camera head obtains, synthetic sclera reflected light image has just obtained reflected light and has seen through the blood-vessel image of light.In addition, also can only extract piece image in the blood-vessel image of reflected light or transillumination by Flame Image Process.There is the reflected image of same blood vessel in different according to the position of the angle of incidence of the distance of blood vessel and sclera and laser and sees through the situation of picture registration.This occasion can be distinguished both relation by Flame Image Process, also can select other blood vessel to observe.
Blood-vessel image with said method obtains also can use the method identical with the 1st embodiment, and blood vessel, blood flow and blood cell are done various parsings.Above-mentioned example has only illustrated the situation of using line source.Moreover, when using line source, can also scan with the line source of plural number, for example scan with 2 laser line light sources, the image that one width of cloth need be taken, 2 lines respectively scan half zone, and speed just can double, so, just can make a video recording more efficiently as long as outside the distance that exceeds catoptrical two lonizing radiation of conjunctival reflex light and sclera, use many line sources to scan.If the use point source also can come all of scan camera shooting zone, no longer explanation here equally.
In addition, use LASER Light Source irradiation eyeball, the laser analysis pick off that detects the catoptrical wavelength of eyeball, position phase and intensity can be set, each tissue is analyzed.And, can also use spectrometer for catoptrical analysis.
In addition, device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned example, and only otherwise break away from aim of the present invention, various changes all are allowed to.

Claims (12)

1. the conjunctiva sclera camera head that the conjunctiva and the sclera of eyeball are made a video recording is characterized in that, comprises with lower device:
The icon that person to be measured will be watched attentively;
The shooting instrument that meets the following requirements: its resolution can be resolved conjunctiva and episcleral blood vessel, blood flow and the blood cell of eyeball, can compensate unconscious little the shaking of eyeball, in the rectangle camera watch region of the length of side 100 μ m to 2000 μ m, resolution is high to differentiating below the 1 μ m, and per second can be taken the above shooting instrument of 200 frames;
The light source that can throw light on to the camera watch region inside of above-mentioned shooting instrument;
Regulate the adjustment means of the position of above-mentioned shooting instrument in camera watch region;
Can differentiate and follow the tracks of the shape of blood vessel of the conjunctiva of eyeball and sclera, the image that above-mentioned shooting instrument is photographed carries out the Flame Image Process instrument of Flame Image Process;
Little unconscious little compensation instrument that shakes that shakes of the image of can the removal of images handling implement handling;
Can show the image that above-mentioned shooting instrument photographs, perhaps above-mentioned Flame Image Process instrument processed images, the show tools of the image that perhaps above-mentioned unconscious little compensation tool compensation of shaking is crossed.
2. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 1 is characterized in that, places lens between above-mentioned icon and the eyeball.
3. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, combine in order to make a video recording in turn and mobile in turn above-mentioned icon to the conjunctiva of eyeball and each position of sclera, the image that obtains in turn to be connected by above-mentioned Flame Image Process instrument.
4. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned unconscious little compensation instrument that shakes, in can 1 two field picture from the image that shooting obtains, extract the pattern of shape of blood vessel, in ensuing each image, search for corresponding pattern, measure the amount of movement of shape of blood vessel pattern, again the shape of blood vessel in each image is placed on the same position.
5. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 4 is characterized in that, above-mentioned shooting instrument is taken conjunctiva blood vessel and sclera blood vessel in order to distinguish, and can adopt the method for focal depth on the shooting instrument.
6. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 5 is characterized in that, above-mentioned Flame Image Process instrument in order to follow the tracks of the blood cell of internal blood vessel, is done the Flame Image Process of following the tracks of blood cell to the image that the shooting instrument photographs.
7. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 6 is characterized in that, above-mentioned light source uses the light of specific wavelength to throw light on, and according to the reflectance or the transmitance of blood vessel or blood, distinguishes the composition of blood vessel or blood.
8. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 7 is characterized in that above-mentioned light source is made of LASER Light Source.
9. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 8 is characterized in that, also comprises being used to detect the laser analysis pick off that the catoptrical wavelength of eyeball, position reach intensity mutually.
10. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 9 is characterized in that, above-mentioned camera head is placed on the symmetrical reflection angle position of the angle of incidence of LASER Light Source of directive eyeball.
11. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned light source constitutes the scan camera shooting zone by point source or line source, above-mentioned Flame Image Process instrument is from the image in turn that above-mentioned shooting instrument photographs, take out image according to the sclera reflected light, synthesize again, generate the sclera reflected light image.
12. device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball according to claim 11 is characterized in that, uses nozzle to add medicine to eyeball.
CN200710047049A 2007-10-16 2007-10-16 Device for photographing conjunctiva and sclera of eyeball Active CN101411607B (en)

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