CN101409631B - Method and apparatus for switching channel - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for switching channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101409631B CN101409631B CN2008102175039A CN200810217503A CN101409631B CN 101409631 B CN101409631 B CN 101409631B CN 2008102175039 A CN2008102175039 A CN 2008102175039A CN 200810217503 A CN200810217503 A CN 200810217503A CN 101409631 B CN101409631 B CN 101409631B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for switching channels and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: a user terminal applies for admission of a switched multicast group to access side equipment; the user terminal receives an equipment list of the multicast group returned by the access side equipment; the user terminal transmits a group of picture GOP sequence request to the equipment in the equipment list; and the user terminal acquires the GOP sequence from the equipment in the equipment list. During channel switching, before a multicast flow reaches the user terminal, the user terminal can acquire program data from the request GOP sequence of other equipment joined in the multicast group, so as to solve the problem that new program data needs longer time to reach the user terminal during channel switching, thus realizing quick channel switching.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the multimedia field, relates in particular to a kind of channel switching method and device.
Background technology
IPTV (Internet Protocol Television: IPTV) be a kind of brand-new technology of utilizing broadband IP network that the multiple interactive services that comprises live, program request and time-moving television etc. is provided to the user.
In the IPTV system, the transmission means of programme televised live is different with traditional cable TV and Digital Television.In cable TV and digital television system, the data of all programs all are to be transferred to user terminal simultaneously.During user's switching channels, user terminal just can receive new program data in very short time.And in the IPTV system, in order to save the bandwidth of IP backbone, programme televised live is transferred to access side device by the IP multicast mode, just the program data that has only the user to select to watch can be forwarded to user terminal.When user's switching channels, access side device uses IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol:Internet igmpinternet) to join in the new multicast group, from adding multicast group, receives multicast data flow to terminal, this needs the long period, and channel switches very slow.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention proposes the method and apparatus that a kind of channel switches, and realizes that fast channel switches.
The method that embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of channel to switch comprises: the multicast group of user terminal after the access side device application adds switching; Described user terminal receives the list of devices of the described multicast group that described access side device returns; The equipment of described user terminal in described list of devices sends picture group GOP sequence of requests; The equipment of described user terminal from described list of devices obtains the GOP sequence.
A kind of access side device comprises: the multicast group administration module, and the equipment that is used to write down described multicast group and has added described multicast group generates list of devices; The list of devices sending module is used for sending described list of devices to user terminal.
Description by technique scheme as can be known, when channel switches, before multicast data flow arrives user terminal, user terminal obtains program data from other device request GOP sequence that adds multicast group, solve channel and switched the problem that stylish program data arrives the user terminal overlong time, realized the fast channel switching.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the fast channel switching flow figure of the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 2 is the user terminal schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention switching channels;
Fig. 3 has added other user terminal schematic diagrames of multicast group for the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the access side device schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In the embodiment of the invention during user's switching channels, access side device sends the list of devices that has added multicast group to user terminal, before multicast data flow arrived user terminal, (Group of Pictures: the picture group) sequence obtained program data to other device request GOP of user terminal in list of devices.
At present the code/decode format that uses of IPTV is generally MPEG-2 and H.264, and this encoding and decoding are divided into three kinds of I, P, B with frame, and I is an intra-coded frame, and P is a forward predicted frame, and B is two-way interpolation frame.The I frame is a complete picture, and P frame and B frame recording is variation with respect to the I frame.Do not have the I frame, P frame and B frame just can't be decoded.After terminal begins to receive multicast data flow, only receive first I frame after, just can finish the demonstration of picture.From the I frame, all frames before next I frame constitute a frame sequence, are called GOP.Each GOP sequence is exactly one group of continuous picture.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.
Embodiment one is STB (Set Top Box: set-top box) be example, the method that realizes the fast channel switching be described with the user terminal.STB obtains program data to the STB request GOP sequence that adds multicast group, realizes that fast channel switches, concrete flow process such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
101. when the user selected switching channels, STB sent the multicast group that the application of IGMP Join message adds the direct broadcast band correspondence to access side device, is assumed to be multicast group A.
102. access side device is handled IGMP Join message, record multicast group A and added the list of devices of multicast group A.
103. access side device returns the said equipment tabulation to STB.
104.STB selection equipment from the list of devices that receives sends GOP sequence of requests message to it.Here suppose that STB has selected to add the STB1 of multicast group A from tabulation.The equipment that has added multicast group A is when receiving the multicast data flow of the multicast group A correspondence that access side device issues, and the GOP sequence that buffer memory is current, GOP sequence are the payload in the multicast data flow.Therefore, the current GOP sequence of STB1 buffer memory is up-to-date GOP sequence.
105.STB1 after receiving the GOP sequence of requests of STB, the current GOP sequence of buffer memory is transmitted to STB.
106.STB receive the GOP sequence that STB1 sends, decoding is also waited for receiving group stream.
107.STB receiving group stream, search the I frame after, send message to STB1, indication STB1 stops to send the GOP sequence.
Present embodiment step 102 access side device is handled IGMP Join message can dual mode: IGMPProxy and IGMP Snooping.Under IGMP Proxy mode, access side device judges whether existing this multicast group earlier after receiving the IGMP request of STB, if have, then tackle this IGMP request, do not send the IGMP request, then STB is added the multicast forward table of access side device inside to router; If do not have, then set up the multicast forward table of access side device inside, and the IGMP request message that sends to router transparent transmission STB.Under IGMP Snooping mode, access side device is intercepted the content of the IGMP request that STB sends to router, the multicast forward table of apparatus for establishing inside, and the IGMP request message that sends to router transparent transmission STB.No matter be IGMP Proxy or IGMP Snooping mode, access side device all can write down multicast group and add the list of devices of this multicast group, that is to say the multicast forward table of setting up this multicast group, has for example added the tabulation of the STB of multicast group A.The multicast data flow that the access side device receiving router sends in the present embodiment, and issue multicast data flow according to multicast forward table.
The tabulation that access side device returns to STB in the present embodiment step 103 can comprise the information such as IP address of the equipment that has added this multicast group.The information of one or more equipment that the information that can comprise all devices that has added this multicast group in the tabulation also can be access side device to be gone out by policy selection.STB can also can be to select according to the time length that adds multicast table according to the selective sequential in multicast table for example by selection equipment in the tactful slave unit tabulation.The equipment of STB in list of devices sends the GOP sequence of requests in the present embodiment, can certainly send the GOP sequence of requests by a plurality of equipment in list of devices.When a plurality of equipment sent the GOP sequence of requests, STB can select a GOP sequential reception from a plurality of GOP sequences of returning, for example can come selective reception according to the principle that arrives at first.STB sends certain equipment that the GOP sequence of requests can avoid occurring to a plurality of equipment and withdraws from multicast group just and cause STB can not obtain up-to-date GOP sequence.
STB obtains program data from other device request GOP sequence that adds multicast group in the present embodiment, all in Access Network, finishing alternately of signaling and GOP sequence, therefore response can be very fast, solve channel and switched the problem that stylish program data arrives the STB overlong time, in addition, the GOP sequence of STB request is current up-to-date GOP sequence, what be that STB receives is current one group of up-to-date continuous picture data, the GOP sequence begins with the I frame, the time of having searched the I frame when having reduced decoding, guaranteed the user experience that channel switches.STB asks up-to-date GOP sequence from other STB that adds multicast group in the present embodiment, by helping each other between the equipment that adds multicast group, has made full use of the device resource that adds multicast group, can reduce the equipment investment and the maintenance cost of core-network side.
In the present embodiment, STB obtains up-to-date GOP sequence to the STB place request that adds this multicast group, can certainly obtain from other equipment that add this multicast group, for example can obtain from a kind of receiving group stream and with the Edge Server of current GOP sequence buffer memory.In the present embodiment, user terminal is STB, can certainly be PC or portable terminal.Equipment in the list of devices is so long as added the equipment of multicast group and got final product.When user terminal was PC, corresponding access side device can be DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer: digital subscriber line access multiplex).When user terminal was portable terminal, corresponding access side device can be RNC (Radio NetworkController: radio network controller).
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of user terminal, describes below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 2 is a user terminal schematic diagram among the embodiment, comprising: list of devices receiver module 201 is used to receive the list of devices that access side device returns; GOP sequence of requests module 202 is used for sending the GOP sequence of requests to the equipment of described list of devices; GOP sequence acquisition module 203 is used for obtaining the GOP sequence from the equipment of described list of devices.
The user terminal that provides in the embodiment of the invention can also comprise choice of equipment module 204, is used for from described list of devices selection equipment.
When selecting an equipment in the tabulation of choice of equipment module 204 slave units, GOP sequence acquisition module 203 receives the GOP sequence that an above-mentioned equipment returns, when selecting a plurality of equipment in the choice of equipment module 204 slave units tabulations, GOP sequence acquisition module 203 receives the GOP sequence that above-mentioned a plurality of equipment return and also selects a GOP sequence.
User terminal in the present embodiment can be STB, also can be PC or portable terminal.
The user terminal that provides in the embodiment of the invention when its as the tabulation that has added multicast group in during equipment, its schematic diagram can comprise GOP sequence of requests receiver module 301 as shown in Figure 3, is used to receive the GOP sequence of requests;
GOP cache module 302 is used for the current GOP sequence of buffer memory;
GOP forwarding module 303 is used to transmit the GOP sequence.
The equipment that has added multicast group in the embodiment of the invention, as other user terminal receiving group stream and the current GOP sequence of buffer memory, can provide up-to-date GOP sequence to the user terminal of request GOP sequence, make full use of the device resource that adds multicast group, can reduce the equipment investment and the maintenance cost of core-network side.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of access side device, and Fig. 4 is its schematic diagram, comprising: multicast group administration module 401, and the equipment that is used to write down multicast group and has added multicast group generates list of devices;
List of devices sending module 402 is used for sending the list of devices that has added multicast group to user terminal.
Access side device in the present embodiment can be DSLAM, also can be RNC.
Access side device in the embodiment of the invention provides the list of devices that adds switching back multicast group for the user terminal of switching channels, make user terminal can obtain up-to-date GOP sequence from the equipment that adds multicast group, thereby make full use of the device resource that adds multicast group, reduced equipment investment and maintenance cost.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any those of ordinary skill in the art are in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.
Claims (8)
1. the method switched of a channel is characterized in that described method comprises:
The multicast group of user terminal after the access side device application adds switching;
Described user terminal receives the list of devices of the described multicast group that described access side device returns;
The equipment of described user terminal in described list of devices sends picture group GOP sequence of requests;
The equipment of described user terminal from described list of devices obtains the GOP sequence.
2. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the equipment of described user terminal in described list of devices sends the GOP sequence of requests and comprises that the equipment of described user terminal in described list of devices sends the GOP sequence of requests or a plurality of equipment of described user terminal in described list of devices send the GOP sequence of requests.
3. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the equipment of described user terminal from described list of devices obtains the GOP sequence and comprises that described user terminal receives GOP sequence that an equipment in the described list of devices returns or described user terminal and receives the GOP sequence that a plurality of equipment in the described list of devices return and select a GOP sequence.
4. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the described GOP sequence that described user terminal obtains is the current GOP sequence of the equipment buffer memory in the described list of devices.
5. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described user terminal receives after the described GOP sequence, described method also comprises described user terminal receiving group stream.
6. according to the described method of claim 5, it is characterized in that after described user terminal received described multicast data flow, described method comprised that also described user terminal stops to receive described GOP sequence.
7. according to any one described method of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described user terminal is STB or PC or portable terminal.
8. an access side device is characterized in that, described access side device comprises:
The multicast group administration module, the equipment that is used to write down described multicast group and has added described multicast group generates list of devices;
The list of devices sending module is used for sending described list of devices to user terminal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008102175039A CN101409631B (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2008-10-30 | Method and apparatus for switching channel |
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| CN2008102175039A CN101409631B (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2008-10-30 | Method and apparatus for switching channel |
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| CN101409631A CN101409631A (en) | 2009-04-15 |
| CN101409631B true CN101409631B (en) | 2011-02-02 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101656872B (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2011-07-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for reducing time delay of switching channels of network TV |
| EP2485472A1 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2012-08-08 | Thomson Licensing | Fast channel change companion stream solution with bandwidth optimization |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1881913A (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-20 | 上海贝尔阿尔卡特股份有限公司 | User interface multicast managing method in network access equipment and its apparatus |
| CN1881888A (en) * | 2006-04-30 | 2006-12-20 | 国家数字交换系统工程技术研究中心 | Multicast controlling method and system |
| CN1956536A (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-02 | 上海未来宽带技术及应用工程研究中心有限公司 | Method of smooth switching IPTV band |
| US20070195892A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-23 | Kwang-Pyo Choi | Data receiving device and method for shortening channel switching time in digital multimedia broadcasting system |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1881913A (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-20 | 上海贝尔阿尔卡特股份有限公司 | User interface multicast managing method in network access equipment and its apparatus |
| CN1956536A (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-02 | 上海未来宽带技术及应用工程研究中心有限公司 | Method of smooth switching IPTV band |
| US20070195892A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-23 | Kwang-Pyo Choi | Data receiving device and method for shortening channel switching time in digital multimedia broadcasting system |
| CN1881888A (en) * | 2006-04-30 | 2006-12-20 | 国家数字交换系统工程技术研究中心 | Multicast controlling method and system |
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