CN101340558A - Media stream switching method, system and apparatus in time shifted television service - Google Patents

Media stream switching method, system and apparatus in time shifted television service Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101340558A
CN101340558A CNA2007101484793A CN200710148479A CN101340558A CN 101340558 A CN101340558 A CN 101340558A CN A2007101484793 A CNA2007101484793 A CN A2007101484793A CN 200710148479 A CN200710148479 A CN 200710148479A CN 101340558 A CN101340558 A CN 101340558A
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China
Prior art keywords
media stream
multicast
subscriber equipment
business
unicast
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CNA2007101484793A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
漆宝剑
王鹏
雷晓松
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CNA2007101484793A priority Critical patent/CN101340558A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2008/071495 priority patent/WO2009003408A1/en
Publication of CN101340558A publication Critical patent/CN101340558A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17318—Direct or substantially direct transmission and handling of requests
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2387—Stream processing in response to a playback request from an end-user, e.g. for trick-play
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
    • H04N21/4384—Accessing a communication channel involving operations to reduce the access time, e.g. fast-tuning for reducing channel switching latency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6405—Multicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6408—Unicasting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a media stream shifting method in a time-shifted television service, comprising the steps as follows: the single-playing media stream and a multi-playing media stream of the same television service under the same television service is remained in a conversation control surface; the shifting between the media streams is carried out on the television service media control surface. The invention also discloses a media shifting system, subscriber equipment and network side equipment used in the time-shifted television service. In the embodiment of the invention, the method which carries out the shifting only on the media control surface and avoids the SIP conversation change and the media re-negotiation reduces the shifting signal interaction of the multi-playing and single-playing and effectively accelerates the shifting speed of the single-playing and multi-playing.

Description

Media stream switching method in the time shifted TV business, system and equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of data transmission, relate in particular to media stream switching method, system and equipment in a kind of time shifted TV business.
Background technology
Along with the IP that strides the link layer transmission medium (Internet Potocol, IP Internet Protocol) appearance of technology, what Internet used popularizes rapidly, meanwhile, people also no longer are satisfied with single voice communication mode, and need brand-new multimedia communication mode, and then make the fusion of IPization, Internet and communication network of mobile communication network and fixed telecommunication network become the developing direction that industry is generally acknowledged.In order to satisfy the common requirements of more and more outstanding IP multimedia application, 3GPP (3rd Generation PartnershipProject, IMS (the IP Multimedia Subsystem of the all-IP business network framework of 3rd Generation Partnership Project) on the packet carrying network basis, introducing, IP Multimedia System), target is according to personalized user data, the shielding user mode access, the degree of opening of control professional ability provides multimedia communication to experience.
IMS is WCDMA (the Wideband Code Division MuitipleAccess that increases in the 3GPP R5 stage, the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) access) is superimposed upon a subsystem that has on the packet domain in the network, adopt the bearer path of packet domain for its upper strata control signaling and media delivery, introduce SIP (Session InitialProtocol, Session initiation Protocol) as professional control protocol, utilize simple, the easy expansion of SIP, media combination characteristics easily, professional control separates with carrying control, and abundant multimedia service is provided.The main functional entity of IMS comprises control user registration, the CSCF of functions such as session control (Call SessionControl Function, CSCF), AS (the Application Server of miscellaneous service logic control function is provided, application server), HSS (the HomeSubscriber Sever of centralized management user contracting data, home subscriber subscribed services device) and be used to realize MGCF (Media Gateway Control Function with the circuit switching net interconnecting, MGCF)/IM-MGW (IPMultimedia-Media Gateway, the IP multimedia media gateway controller), the user is by current location agent node P-CSCF (Proxy-CSCF, proxy CSCF) inserts IMS, session and professional triggering control reach with the business control of AS and are then finished by the home domain S-CSCF (Serving-CSCF, serving CSCF) of its registered place alternately.
NGN (Next Generation Network, next generation network) is based on the pattern of fusion network of group technology, based on packet switching, the framework that adopts carrying to separate with control, NGN combines fixed-line telephone network, the advantage of mobile telephone network and IP network, make analog subscriber, digital subscriber, the mobile subscriber, ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) user, ISDN (Integrated Service Digital Network, integrated services digital network) user, IP narrowband network user, IP broadband network user or even the user who inserts via satellite can both intercom mutually as a member in the next generation network.
IMS based IPTV (based on the IPTV of IMS) provides IPTV (InternetProtocol Television under the IMS framework, TV based on the IP agreement) business, making full use of mechanism such as existing registration, authentication, route, session control and foundation in the IMS network, professional triggering, charging and end-to-end QoS (Qualityof Service, service quality) assurance comes streaming media service to be provided, to merge the multimedia service of Streaming Media and real-time session business for the user.That is to say that user's Multimedia session is finished by the existing session control mechanism of IMS.
The business function framework of IMS based IPTV in the prior art, as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprise UE (User Equipment, subscriber equipment), be responsible for the control of UE Media Stream and IPTV media function (the IPTV Media Functions) entity of payment, the IPTV service control function entity, functional entitys such as core IMS, obtain SSF (the Service Switch Function of electronic program list, service selection functional) entity, be used to find SDF (the Service Discover Function of service supplier, the service discovering function) UPSF of entity and storing user subscription information (User Provide Function, the user provides function).Wherein, IPTV Media Functions can be decomposed into MCF (Media ControlFunction, media control function) and MDF (Media Delivery Function, media delivery function) from functional perspective.UE communicates by letter with the IPTV media function by transmission process function (Transport Processing Functions), core IMS respectively; Core IMS is connected with the transmission process function by NASS (Network Attachment Subsystem, Network Attachment Subsystem) and RACS (Resource and Admission Control Subsystem, Network Attachment Subsystem).In addition, in IPTV business control function body, IPTV media control function entity and IPTV medium handoff functions entity, comprise respectively: CoD (Content onDemand, content-on-demand) function, BC (Broadcast, broadcast capability) entity and PVR (PersonVideo Record, personal video recording) function etc.
SIP (Session Initiation Protocol, session initiation protocol) is one of the multimedia communications system framework agreement of working out by IETF (the Internet engineering duty group), be used for setting up, the application layer protocol of change or ending multimedia session, with RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol, RTP)/RTCP (Realtime Transport Control Protocol, RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol), SDP (SessionDescription Protocol, Session Description Protocol), RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol, real-time stream media protocol), DNS (Domain Name Server, name server) etc. agreement cooperates, and finishes the session foundation and the media negotiation of IMS system jointly.
RTSP is an application level protocol, and the transmission of control real time data provides a kind of extensible framework, and the controlled transmission, the program request that enable real time data (as audio ﹠ video etc.) transmit.Data source comprises field data (as live) and VOD (Video On Demand, montage).This agreement purpose is to control a plurality of data transfer sessions, the method of selecting to transmit passage is provided, transmit passage such as UDP (User DatagramProtocol, User Datagram Protoco (UDP)), multicast UDP and TCP (Transmission Control Protocol, transmission control protocol), provide the method for selecting transmission mechanism based on RTP.
Send professional technology with Class D IP address, be used for the sender simultaneously when a plurality of recipients send the identical services content, because identical content only need send a getting final product to the designated multicast address, thereby can effectively reduce the load of professional transmit leg and transmission network.In order to obtain multicast content, content receives the user and uses IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol, the Internet packet management agreement) adds professional multicast group, require the router of adjacency to send business tine to oneself, then pass through PIM-SM (Protocol-Independent Multicast-Dense Mode between the router, Protocol Independent Multicast-sparse mode) etc. multicast routing protocol and other routers are alternately to set up multicast forwarding path, and the multicast service content just can pass to content recipient along multicast forwarding path from multicast source like this.Use multicasting technology transport service stream, no matter how many recipients has, professional transmit leg only need send a data flow, multicast packet only produces single data flow the transfer path from professional transmit leg to the recipient, therefore, use multicasting technology can alleviate sender (professional provider's) load, and can effectively utilize Internet resources.
Live telecast of the prior art has fixing characteristics of time, and in a single day spectators miss reproduction time just can't watch live television programming.For breaking through the time restriction that the user watches live telecast, strengthen user's business experience, introduced TsTV (Time Shift TV, time shifted TV business), when playing LTV (LinerTV, live telecast) program, network system storage TV programme content.The user selects such interior program of special time by EPG (ElectronicProgram Guide, Electronic Program Guide), and system finds respective media files and orthochronous point fast, plays to the user.The TsTV business provides VCR (VideoCassette Recorder, Play Control operation) operational capacity, when the user watches program, can suspend, falls back, F.F. or any broadcast point of redirect (comprising current broadcast point, promptly live point).
In IMS Based IPTV system, LTV often adopts multicast mode media stream, and time shifted TV business, under non-up-to-date broadcast state, (just play the time shift content) and often adopting the mode of unicast media stream, and under up-to-date broadcast (promptly playing live content) state, often adopting multicast mode media stream.After time shifted TV business is set up, the user can carry out the VCR operation, as F.F. or jump to the what be new broadcast point, the VCR operation triggers the switching that unicasts to the multicast delivery method, when the user is watching the what be new broadcast point, can carry out the VCR operation, as operations such as time-out, rewind down and redirects, the VCR operation triggers the switching that is multicasted to the clean culture delivery method.
Yet, when setting up the TsTV business in the prior art, set up the multicast Media Stream earlier, when the user carries out the VCR operation, as time-out/broadcast, rewind down, withdraw from the multicast group, set up the RTSP session then, set up unicast media stream, when the user operates when requiring to jump to what be new, discharge the RTSP session, finish unicast media stream, and then set up the multicast Media Stream, so circulation is repeatedly.Therefore, need continuous foundation repeatedly in the prior art and discharge the RTSP session, cause the switching between clean culture and the multicast very slow, have a strong impact on user experience.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides media stream switching method, system and the equipment in a kind of time shifted TV business, to solve in the prior art speed issue that multicast and unicast media stream are switched repeatedly in the TsTV business procedure.
The embodiment of the invention provides the media stream switching method in a kind of time shifted TV business, may further comprise the steps: the unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream that keep the state of activation of same television services at the session control face simultaneously; Carry out switching between the described television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command.
Comprise before the unicast media stream of the described state of activation that keeps same television services at the session control face and the multicast Media Stream:
Set up time shifted TV business by direct time shift mode, set up unicast media stream, and keep the multicast Media Stream at the session control face, and related described multicast Media Stream and unicast media stream; And/or
Set up time shifted TV business by time shift channel mode, keep former unicast media stream, increase the multicast Media Stream at the session control face, and related described unicast media stream and multicast Media Stream.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the switched system of the medium in a kind of time shifted TV business, comprising:
Medium switched system in a kind of time shifted TV business, comprise: subscriber equipment and network equipment, described network equipment and described subscriber equipment also comprise session control face entity respectively, are used to keep the unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream of the state of activation of same television services;
Described network equipment also comprises:
The multicast control point is used to subscriber equipment that the multicast Media Stream is provided;
The time shifted TV business media function is used to subscriber equipment that unicast media stream is provided;
Described subscriber equipment also comprises:
Request transmitting unit is used to ask network equipment to carry out switching between the described television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of subscriber equipment, comprising:
Session control face entity is used to keep the unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream of the state of activation of same television services;
Request transmitting unit is used to ask network equipment to carry out switching between the described television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of network equipment, comprising:
Session control face entity is used for unicast media stream and multicast Media Stream in session control face reservation state of activation;
The multicast control point is used to subscriber equipment that the multicast Media Stream is provided;
The time shifted TV business control point is used to subscriber equipment that unicast media stream is provided.
In the embodiments of the invention, set up time shifted TV business, set up unicast media stream, and keep the multicast Media Stream on the session control plane by direct time shift mode, and related multicast Media Stream and unicast media stream; And/or set up time shifted TV business by time shift channel mode, and keep former unicast media stream at the session control face, increase the multicast Media Stream, and related unicast media stream and multicast Media Stream; When switching between needs multicast Media Stream and the unicast media stream, only switch, avoid the change (rebuilding or release) and the media re-negotiation of SIP session control face at the medium chain of command, reduce the Signalling exchange that multicast Media Stream and unicast media stream are switched, effectively improved the switch speed between unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the business function Organization Chart of IMS based IPTV in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the IMS basedIPTV function structure schematic diagram of the medium switch application in the time shifted TV business in the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 3 is the medium switching flow figure in the time shifted TV business in the embodiment of the invention two;
Fig. 4 is the medium switching flow figure in the time shifted TV business in the embodiment of the invention three;
Fig. 5 is the medium switching flow figure in the time shifted TV business in the embodiment of the invention four;
Fig. 6 is the medium switching flow figure in the time shifted TV business in the embodiment of the invention five;
Fig. 7 is the handoff procedure figure that unicasts to multicast of network-triggered in the embodiment of the invention six;
Fig. 8 be in the embodiment of the invention seven user the time carry out the procedure chart that channel switches under the mode shifter.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention one provides the switched system of the medium in a kind of time shifted TV business, comprise: subscriber equipment and network equipment, network equipment and described subscriber equipment also comprise session control face entity respectively, are used to keep the unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream of the state of activation of same television services; Network equipment also comprises: multicast control point (ECF/EFF) is used to subscriber equipment that the multicast Media Stream is provided; Time shifted TV business media function (TsTV-MF) is used to subscriber equipment that unicast media stream is provided; The handover trigger detecting unit is used for detecting whether satisfy trigger condition, when satisfying, notifies described subscriber equipment to carry out switching between unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream.
Subscriber equipment also comprises: request transmitting unit is used to ask network equipment to carry out switching between the described television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command; The handoff request detecting unit is used to detect the handoff request from network equipment, and starts corresponding request transmitting unit.Wherein, request transmitting unit specifically comprises: first request sends subelement, is used for leaving the report of ip multicast group to the transmission of multicast control point, sends the request of putting of spreading in real time to the time shifted TV business media function; Second request sends subelement, and stream suspends request to be used for sending in real time to the time shifted TV business media function, sends to the multicast control point to add the report of ip multicast group.
In conjunction with Fig. 2 embodiment one is specifically described, dotted line is the control signaling among the figure, and solid line is a Media Stream.User equipment (UE) can be PC, TV and set-top box and mobile subscriber equipment etc., and the user watches the IPTV program by subscriber equipment.Comprise session control face entity among the Core IMS (core IMS), provide SIP signalling route and professional triggering to wait the function of IMS normalized definition; SCF provides live and application server time shifted TV business, is responsible for the control of service logic, as service authorization, charging and professional control etc.; ECF/EFF is the multicast control point, provides the multicast Media Stream of live telecast media content to pay function, provides the multicast to the user to transmit control and the payment of multicast Media Stream; TsTV-MF is a time shift television services media function, provides the media server of time-moving television media content, is responsible for session control, the real-time current control of media content and the payment of unicast media content.
TSTV-MF in the embodiment of the invention may be the scene of local storage, becomes one with subscriber equipment, i.e. STB (Set Top Box, set-top box) is local PVR, under this scene, the signaling between UE and the TSTV-MF is not necessarily used RTP/RTCP/RTSP, can adopt internal agreement to realize.
In the embodiment of the invention, SIP session control face is two Media Streams that same media content keeps multicast delivery method and clean culture delivery method simultaneously, uses SDP to describe the relation of two kinds of Media Streams.After time shifted TV business is set up and finished, for guaranteeing the quick switching between follow-up clean culture and the multicast delivery method, only switch at the medium chain of command, the signaling chain of command does not process (comprising the change and the media re-negotiation of not carrying out the session control face).The session control face of time shifted TV business comprises a multicast Media Stream and a unicast media stream simultaneously, and based on the quick switching between two Media Streams of medium control signalings (IGMP/RTSP) realization, subscriber equipment receives only multicast Media Stream or unicast media stream.
When the multicast Media Stream switches to unicast media stream, UE sends IGMP Leave report to ECF/EFF, sends RTSP PLAY request to TsTV-MF then; Or UE sends the RTSPPLAY request to TsTV-MF, and then sends IGMP Leave report to ECF/EFF.When switching to the multicast Media Stream from unicast media stream, UE sends RTSP PAUSE request to TsTV-MF, sends IGMP Join report to ECF/EFF then; Or UE sends RTSP PAUSE request to TsTV-MF then to ECF/EFF transmission IGMP Join report.
The solution that the embodiment of the invention is described is fit to the switching between the multiple Media Stream in other IPTV business scenarios (as unicast stream and multicast stream) equally, and the method that the embodiment of the invention is described is fit to other non-RTSP/IGMP medium control protocols equally.
The prerequisite that multicast Media Stream and unicast media stream are switched in the foregoing description is to have the live broadcast service of multicast Media Stream and the time shifted TV business of unicast media stream, yet have only live broadcast service under the initial condition of system, therefore need to set up time shifted TV business according to live broadcast service earlier.The mode that the user initially sets up time shifted TV business comprises two kinds: a kind of is direct time shift mode, and another kind is a time shift channel mode.
Set up under the time shifted TV business scene in direct time shift mode, initially when live telecast (multicast delivery method) switches to time-moving television (clean culture delivery method), carry out SIP session change, SIP session control face keeps the multicast Media Stream, promptly be in activity (Active) state at SIP session control face multicast Media Stream, at the medium chain of command, subscriber equipment sends IGMP Leave report to ECF/EFF, the multicast group is left in report, the newly-increased simultaneously unicast media stream that provides by TsTV-MF, in the SDP of session change request describes, related multicast Media Stream and unicast media stream are promptly described the different media delivery modes of same Media Stream, and subscriber equipment sends Media Stream based on real-time streaming protocol RTSP to the TsTV-MF request, TsTV-MF sends unicast media stream to subscriber equipment, the professional foundation successfully of TsTV this moment.
Wherein, be related multicast Media Stream and unicast media stream, newly-increased SDP attribute handoff association sign (Switch-Context-Id), be worth at random and length greater than 8 character string, as a=switch-context-id:JJJxdfayk557.
Set up under the scene of time shifted TV business in time shift channel mode, in initial session, set up the SIP session between subscriber equipment and the network and send Media Stream to subscriber equipment based on mode of unicast TsTV-MF.The user can ask redirect or be fast-forward to up-to-date media play point (being live content) always, at this moment, carry out SIP session change between subscriber equipment and the network, keep former unicast media stream at SIP session control face, be that unicast media stream was active state (Active) during SDP described, at the medium chain of command, the transmission that keeps real-time streaming protocol connects (TCP as carrying RTSP signaling connects), and subscriber equipment suspends the transmission of unicast media stream to the TsTV-MF request.At SIP session control face, the newly-increased multicast Media Stream that provides by ECF/EFF, in SDP described, related unicast media stream and multicast Media Stream were promptly described the different media delivery modes of same Media Stream.After media negotiation and session were set up and finished, subscriber equipment sent to ECF/EFF and adds the report of (Join) multicast group, and ECF/EFF receives that adding multicast group report rear line equipment sends the multicast Media Stream.
After the professional foundation of TsTV was finished, SIP session control face kept clean culture and multicast Media Stream simultaneously, and utilizes SDP to describe the different load modes that this media delivery mode belongs to same media content.Because user VCR operation, there is the switching repeatedly between two kinds of Media Streams in the medium face, comprise from switching that unicasts to the multicast Media Stream and two kinds of possibilities of the switching situation that is multicasted to unicast media stream, in conjunction with switchover trigger point is subscriber equipment or network, is specially 4 processes as embodiment two to embodiment five.
In the embodiment of the invention two, the handoff procedure that unicasts to the multicast delivery method of network-triggered comprises as shown in Figure 3:
Step s301, after time shifted TV business was set up, the unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream of the reservation activity simultaneously of SIP session control face were supposed the current unicast media stream load mode that is.The user is by the remote operation request F.F. or jump to up-to-date media play point, i.e. live-mode broadcast point.
Step s302, subscriber equipment sends real-time current control request message RTSP PLAY to TsTV-MF, and this message parameter is described user's requested operation.
Step s303, TsTV-MF return real-time current control response message RTSP 200OK to subscriber equipment after receiving the real-time current control request message RTSPPLAY of subscriber equipment transmission.
Step s304, if the user equipment requests F.F., TsTV-MF sends specified media content based on the clean culture delivery method to subscriber equipment according to the fast forward rate of subscriber equipment appointment so; If user equipment requests jumps to up-to-date play content (live content), then carry out subsequent step.
Step s305 is to step s306, and TsTV-MF detects current when just sending up-to-date media content (live content) to subscriber equipment, determines whether to trigger the delivery method that unicasts to multicast according to local policy and configuration and switches.For avoiding the frequent switching between clean culture and the multicast, can take to delay time and trigger the mechanism of switching, time span depends on local policy and configuration.
Step s307, TsTV-MF determines to trigger the delivery method that unicasts to multicast and switches, so send the switching notice request to subscriber equipment, notifying user equipment unicasts to the switching of multicast, while intended target multicast medium stream information, notice can realize based on existing Session Initiation Protocol, or realize based on the RTSP protocol extension.
After step s308, subscriber equipment receive the notice of TsTV-MF, return the switching notice response message, confirm to TsTV-MF.
Step s309, subscriber equipment starts the switching of media delivery mode, sends real-time current control request message RTSP PAUSE to TsTV-MF.
After step s310, TsTV-MF receive real-time current control request message RTSP PAUSE, suspend unicast media stream, and return real-time current control response message RTSP 200OK to subscriber equipment.Streaming media playing is continuous during for assurance multicast and mode of unicast switching, promptly realizes seamless switching, and TsTV-MF can postpone to stop the transmission of Media Stream, depends on local policy and configuration time of delay, as continuing transmission 10 seconds or the media data packet of some.
Step s311, subscriber equipment sends IGMP Join report to ECF/EFF, and request adds the ip multicast group.
The present invention is to step s309/ step s310, the precedence relationship of step s311/ step s312 does not limit, also can send IGMP Join report to ECF/EFF earlier by subscriber equipment, after subscriber equipment receives medium, subscriber equipment just sends real-time current control request message RTSP PAUSE to TsTV-MF, also can effectively guarantee the seamless switching between unicast stream and the multicast stream under this mode.
Step s312, ECF/EFF sends the multicast Media Stream to subscriber equipment.
In the embodiment of the invention three, the handoff procedure that unicasts to the multicast delivery method that subscriber equipment triggers comprises as shown in Figure 4:
Step s401, after time shifted TV business was set up, the unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream of the reservation activity simultaneously of SIP session control face were supposed the current unicast media stream load mode that is.The user jumps to up-to-date broadcast point (being live point) by remote operation request, and present embodiment is operated the condition that triggers the delivery method handover trigger including but not limited to the user.
Step s402 is to step s403, and subscriber equipment starts the switching of media delivery mode, sends real-time current control request message RTSP PAUSE to TsTV-MF.
After step s404, TsTV-MF receive real-time current control request message RTSP PAUSE, suspend unicast media stream, and return real-time current control response message RTSP 200OK to subscriber equipment.Streaming media playing is continuous during for assurance multicast and mode of unicast switching, promptly realizes seamless switching, and TsTV-MF can postpone to stop the transmission of Media Stream, depends on local policy and configuration time of delay.
Step s405, subscriber equipment sends IGMP Join report to ECF/EFF, and request adds the ip multicast group.
Step s406, ECF/EFF sends the multicast Media Stream to subscriber equipment.
In the embodiment of the invention to step s403/ step s404, the precedence relationship of step s405/ step s406 does not limit, also can send IGMP Join report to ECF/EFF earlier by subscriber equipment, after subscriber equipment receives medium, subscriber equipment sends real-time current control request message RTSPPAUSE to TsTV-MF again, also can effectively guarantee the seamless switching between unicast stream and the multicast stream under this mode.
In the embodiment of the invention four, the handoff procedure that is multicasted to the clean culture delivery method of network-triggered comprises as shown in Figure 5:
Step s501, TsTV-MF determine and need switch to mode of unicast by the multicast mode according to service logic, local policy or other reasons.For example, the number of users of watching the multicast program seldom for guaranteeing efficiency of transmission and saving the multicast resource, can send based on mode of unicast.
Step s502, TsTV-MF determines to trigger the delivery method that unicasts to multicast and switches, so send the switching notice request to subscriber equipment, notifying user equipment need be switched, while intended target multicast medium stream information, notice can realize based on existing Session Initiation Protocol, or realize based on the RTSP protocol extension.
After step s503, subscriber equipment receive the notice of TsTV-MF, return the switching notice response to TsTV-MF.
Step s504, subscriber equipment sends real-time current control request message RTSP PLAY to TsTV-MF.
Step s505, TsTV-MF return real-time current control response message to subscriber equipment after receiving real-time current control request message RTSP PLAY.
Step s506, subscriber equipment sends IGMP Leave report to ECF/EFF, and ECF/EFF stops to send the multicast Media Stream to subscriber equipment after receiving report.
Step s507, TsTV-MF sends Media Stream based on mode of unicast to subscriber equipment according to request.
The present invention does not limit the precedence relationship of step s506 and step s507, also can after receiving the unicast media stream of TsTV-MF, just send IGMP Leave report by subscriber equipment, can guarantee the seamless switching between multicast stream and the unicast stream like this to ECF/EFF.
In the embodiment of the invention five, the handoff procedure that is multicasted to the clean culture delivery method that subscriber equipment triggers comprises as shown in Figure 6:
Step s601 under the multicast delivery method, the user equipment requests rewind down, suspends or jumps to non-up-to-date media content.
Step s602, subscriber equipment sends real-time current control request message RTSP PLAY to TsTV-MF.
Step s603, TsTV-MF return real-time current control response message to subscriber equipment after receiving real-time current control request message RTSP PLAY.
Step s604, subscriber equipment sends IGMP Leave report to ECF/EFF, and ECF/EFF stops to send the multicast Media Stream to subscriber equipment after receiving report.
Step s605, TsTV-MF sends Media Stream based on the clean culture delivery method to subscriber equipment according to request.
The present invention does not limit the precedence relationship of step s604 and step s605, also can after receiving the unicast media stream of TsTV-MF, just send IGMP Leave report by subscriber equipment, can guarantee the seamless switching between multicast stream and the unicast stream like this to ECF/EFF.
In the embodiment of the invention six, the handoff procedure that unicasts to multicast of network-triggered is supposed the current clean culture load mode that is as shown in Figure 7, comprising:
Step s701, TsTV-MF detects user and/or service condition, as user's F.F. in clean culture, has pulled up to current multicast channel.Perhaps other user and/or service condition.Above-mentioned TsTV-MF state-detection can be that TsTV-MDF detects, and notifies TsTV-MCF then; Perhaps TsTV-MCF directly detects, for example order of TsTV-MCF process user time shift operation (RTSP message is as PLAY).
Step s702, TsTV-MF carry out state and report.The state that TsTV-MCF notice SCF detects can be taked multiple mode: as passing through Subscribe/Notify mechanism between the two, TsTV-MCF sends Notify message to SCF; Perhaps pass through RTSP message etc.At TsTV-MF with state, for example: whether current live content is caught up with in F.F., reports after the SCF, switched by SCF decision, and SCF is to keep unicast channel in the time of can also switching according to the strategy decision, still discharges unicast channel.
If TsTV-MCF finds that some state has triggered the business that unicasts to multicast and switched, TsTV-MCF may directly initiate unicast session change request.The state of request indication clean culture becomes non-activation inactive from activating active, and/or the state of multicast becomes activation active from non-activation inactive.Perhaps initiate the request of unicast session termination.Depend on concrete scene, strategy.
For avoiding frequently reporting of state, TsTV-MF can take the mechanism of delaying time and reporting, and time span depends on local policy and configuration.
Step s703, the SCF return state reports response.If TsTV-MF adopts SIP Notify information reporting, this message can be ACK message; If TsTV-MF adopts the RTSP information reporting, then can be the response message of corresponding RTSP message.
Above-mentioned steps s702, s703 are optional step, and in some cases, the decision-making of SCF may need not these state informations, and SCF can be according to strategy, and perhaps other information are switched.
Step s704, TsTV-MCF initiation session change request, this step is an optional step.If indication TsTV-MF initiation session change request is then initiated this request by TsTV-MF among the step s703.This request indication unicast service becomes unactivated state (inactive) by activating active; This request also may be the session termination request, specifically depends on the indication of SCF, perhaps the strategy of TsTV-MF.
Step s705-s706, SCF are through Core IMS, and the change of initiation/forwarding unicast session is asked.If at step s704, session change request is initiated by TsTV-MF, and then SCF transmits this unicast session change request; In addition, SCF also can initiatively send unicast session change request to UE, and this request indication unicast service becomes unactivated state (inactive) by activating active.As a same reason, SCF can also initiate unicast session change request and give TsTV-MF.This session change request can be passed through SIP Update, and perhaps SIPRe-invite realizes.The variation of state can be carried by SDP.
Step s707-s708, UE returns unicast session change response through Core IMS and gives SCF.This response can be SIP 200OK response.After receiving this unicast session change response, SCF can reply the ACK acknowledge message to UE.
Step s709, SCF return unicast session change response and give TsTV-MCF.This step is an optional step, if step s704 takes place, promptly initiates unicast session change request by TsTV-MF, and then SCF returns unicast session change response and gives TsTV-MF in step s709.
Among the above-mentioned steps s704-s709, if the request unicast session of mentioning change request then will still keep unicast session this moment.If this request is a unicast session termination request (Service Termination Request/Response), unicast session then will terminate.Specifically be which kind of requests/response messages, depend on the decision-making of SCF.The state that this decision-making can report based on TsTV-MF, and/or the strategy of SCF, and/or other decision informations.
Step s710-s711, SCF initiate multicast conversation change request and give subscriber equipment through Core IMS.SCF sends multicast conversation change request, and the indication multicast service becomes state of activation active by non-activation inactive in the request, simultaneously, can also carry the multicast service relevant information, as multicast address information.This session change request can be passed through SIP Update, and perhaps SIP Re-invite realizes.The variation of state, and multi-service information can carry by SDP.
Step s712-s713, UE returns multicast conversation change response through Core IMS and gives SCF.This response can be SIP 200OK response.After receiving this multicast conversation change response, SCF can reply the ACK acknowledge message to UE.
In the foregoing description, the unicast session of step s705-s708 change request is separated in logic with step s710-s713 multicast conversation change request, in the specific implementation, can be merged together, i.e. session change request can be finished clean culture, the change of multicast conversation simultaneously.
In the foregoing description, step s705-s708, and/or s710-s713 can be that SCF initiatively triggers according to certain strategy.Need not the TsTV-MF uploaded state this moment.
Step s714, TsTV-MF suspend to subscriber equipment payment unicast media stream.This step and step 704 do not have sequencing.Simultaneously, streaming media playing is continuous during for assurance multicast and mode of unicast switching, promptly realizes seamless switching, and TsTV-MF can postpone to stop the transmission of Media Stream, depend on local policy and configuration time of delay, as continuing transmission 10 seconds or the media data packet of some.
Step s715, subscriber equipment sends IGMP Join message to ECF/EFF, and request adds the multicast group.The embodiment of the invention is to step s712/ step s715, and the precedence relationship of step s704/ step s714 does not limit.
Step s716, ECF/EFF sends the multicast Media Stream to subscriber equipment.
In the foregoing description, when Core IMS receives unicast service change (perhaps termination) requests/response messages, can carry out the reservation/affirmation of unicast resource; When Core IMS receives multicast service change requests/response messages, can carry out the reservation/affirmation of multicast resource.
The foregoing description (as TsTV-MF, comprises TsTV-MCF, and/or TsTV-MDF with network side entity; That SCF etc.) triggers switches to example.In fact, also can be the judgement that subscriber equipment switches, as according to the UE local policy, perhaps network side entity is by SIP, and/or RTSP message informing UE switches.At this moment, subscriber equipment is initiated unicast session change/termination request (specifically which kind of request is depended on the UE strategy, perhaps the indication of network entity) and is given SCF, TsTV-MCF, and the state of notice clean culture is inactive, perhaps discharges; Initiate multicast conversation change request and give SCF, the state of notice multicast is active.And the adding multicast group, can also determine it is to continue to keep unicast session, still discharge unicast session.
It is example that the foregoing description switches to multicast with clean culture.Certainly, this embodiment is equally applicable to multicast and switches to clean culture, watches in the broadcasting service as UE, has initiated Trick Mode operation.The state variation of this moment indication is: the variation of unicast service state, and as becoming state of activation from unactivated state, and/or the state variation of multicast service, as becoming unactivated state from state of activation.Simultaneously, subscriber equipment sends IGMP Leave message to ECF/EFF, and the multicast group is left in request, receives the unicast media content.
In the embodiment of the invention seven, the user the time carry out process that channel switches under the mode shifter as shown in Figure 8, TsTV is professional to be set up, and supposes the current clean culture delivery method that is in, and comprising:
Step s801, UE detects user and/or service condition, has carried out the channel switching as the user in Trick Mode business.Perhaps network side entity, as SCF, perhaps TsTV-MF about user and/or professional state, perhaps indicates UE to switch by SIP and/or RTSP message informing UE.UE is according to specific strategy, and perhaps the indication of network entity is switched.
Step s802-804, UE send unicast session through CORE IMS to SCF and discharge request.UE initiates unicast session and discharges request, and this request sends to SCF via Core IMS, sends to TsTV-MF by SCF again.
Step s805-s807, TsTV-MF reply unicast session and discharge response message.TsTV-MF returns unicast session and discharges response message, and this response message sends to SCF via Core IMS, is replied to UE by SCF again.
Among the above-mentioned steps s802-s807, if described request/to respond be unicast session termination request (Service Termination Request/Response), unicast session then terminates.This request also may be changed request for unicast session, and the indication clean culture becomes the inactive state from active.To still keep unicast session this moment.Specifically be the sort of requests/response messages, depend on the decision-making of UE.This session change/termination request can be passed through SIP Update, and perhaps SIP Re-invite realizes.The variation of state, and multi-service information can carry by SDP.
Step s808-s811, UE initiate multicast conversation change request and give SCF through Core IMS.These steps are optional step.If variation has taken place Internet resources, as switching to the another one business packet from a business packet, this moment, UE initiated multicast conversation change request.If resource does not change,, then need not this step as the switching in the same business packet.This session change/termination request can be passed through SIPUpdate, and perhaps SIP Re-invite realizes.
In the foregoing description, the unicast session of step s802-s807 change request is separated in logic with step s808-s811 multicast conversation change request, in the specific implementation, can be merged together, i.e. session change request can be finished clean culture, the change of multicast conversation simultaneously.
Step s812, TsTV-MF suspend to subscriber equipment payment unicast media stream.This step s812 and step s808 do not have sequencing.Simultaneously, when guaranteeing switch more streaming media playing continuously, promptly realize seamless switching, TsTV-MF can postpone to stop the transmission of Media Stream, depends on local policy and configuration time of delay, as continuing to send 10 seconds or the media data packet of some.
Step s813, subscriber equipment sends IGMP Join message to ECF/EFF, and request adds the multicast group.The embodiment of the invention does not limit the precedence relationship of step s802 and step s813.
Step s814, ECF/EFF sends the multicast Media Stream to subscriber equipment.
In the foregoing description, when Core IMS receives the requests/response messages of unicast service change or termination, can carry out the reservation/affirmation of unicast resource; When Core IMS receives multicast service change requests/response messages, can carry out the reservation/affirmation of multicast resource.
In the foregoing description, the change/release of unicast session is that UE initiatively initiates.In fact, also may be after SCF and/or TsTV-MF receive the channel switching notice, according to some strategy, the change/release of the unicast channel that the trigger network side is initiated.How notified concrete SCF and/or TsTV-MF be, can be that UE notifies, and perhaps ECF/EFF receives that laggard the working of UE IGMP message know.This notice can be by sending the mode of SIP Subscribe/Notify message, perhaps other advice methods.Same reason, optionally the change procedure of multicast conversation also can be initiated by network.
At present the TsTV business has two kinds, and a kind of is TsTV business independently, and a kind of is BC service withtrick mode, and above-mentioned all embodiment all are applicable to above-mentioned two each and every one business.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the present invention and can realize by the mode that software adds essential general hardware platform, can certainly pass through hardware, but the former is better execution mode under a lot of situation.Based on such understanding, the part that technical scheme of the present invention contributes to prior art in essence in other words can embody with the form of software product, this computer software product is stored in the storage medium, comprise that some instructions are with so that a computer equipment (can be a personal computer, server, the perhaps network equipment etc.) carry out the described method of each embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiments of the invention, set up time shifted TV business, set up unicast media stream, and keep the multicast Media Stream on the session control plane by direct time shift mode, and related multicast Media Stream and unicast media stream; And/or set up time shifted TV business by time shift channel mode, and keep former unicast media stream at the session control face, increase the multicast Media Stream, and related unicast media stream and multicast Media Stream; When switching between needs multicast Media Stream and the unicast media stream, only switch, avoid the change (rebuilding or release) and the media re-negotiation of SIP session control face at the medium chain of command, reduce the Signalling exchange that multicast Media Stream and unicast media stream are switched, effectively improved the switch speed between unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream.
More than disclosed only be several specific embodiment of the present invention, still, the present invention is not limited thereto, any those skilled in the art can think variation all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1, the media stream switching method in a kind of time shifted TV business is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream that keep the state of activation of same television services at the session control face;
Carry out switching between the described television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command.
2, the medium changing method in the time shifted TV business according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises before the unicast media stream of the described state of activation that keeps same television services at the session control face and the multicast Media Stream:
Set up time shifted TV business by direct time shift mode, set up unicast media stream, and keep the multicast Media Stream at the session control face, and related described multicast Media Stream and unicast media stream; And/or
Set up time shifted TV business by time shift channel mode, keep former unicast media stream, increase the multicast Media Stream at the session control face, and related described unicast media stream and multicast Media Stream.
3, the medium changing method in the time shifted TV business according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described switching of carrying out between the described television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command is specially:
Carry out switching between the described television services Media Stream by medium control Signalling exchange.
4, as the media stream switching method in the time shifted TV business as described in the claim 3, it is characterized in that, describedly carry out the television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command and switch to from the multicast Media Stream and switch to unicast media stream, be specially:
The time shifted TV business media function receives the request of putting of spreading in real time that subscriber equipment sends, and sends unicast media stream to described subscriber equipment;
The multicast control point receives that subscriber equipment sends leaves the report of ip multicast group, stops to send the multicast Media Stream to described subscriber equipment.
5, as the media stream switching method in the time shifted TV business as described in the claim 3, it is characterized in that, describedly carry out the television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command and switch to from the multicast Media Stream and switch to unicast media stream, be specially:
The multicast control point receives that subscriber equipment sends leaves the report of ip multicast group, stops to send the multicast Media Stream to described subscriber equipment;
The time shifted TV business media function receives the request of putting of spreading in real time that subscriber equipment sends, and sends unicast media stream to described subscriber equipment.
6, as the media stream switching method in the time shifted TV business as described in the claim 3, it is characterized in that, describedly carry out the television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command and switch to from unicast media stream and switch to the multicast Media Stream, be specially:
The multicast control point receives the adding ip multicast group report that subscriber equipment sends, and sends the multicast Media Stream to described subscriber equipment;
The time shifted TV business media function receives the real-time stream time-out request that subscriber equipment sends, and stops to send unicast media stream to described subscriber equipment.
7, as the media stream switching method in the time shifted TV business as described in the claim 3, it is characterized in that, describedly carry out the television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command and switch to from unicast media stream and switch to the multicast Media Stream, be specially:
The time shifted TV business media function receives the real-time stream time-out request that subscriber equipment sends, and stops to send unicast media stream to described subscriber equipment;
The time multicast control point receive the adding ip multicast group report that subscriber equipment sends, send the multicast Media Stream to described subscriber equipment.
8, the media stream switching method in the time shifted TV business according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when described network equipment triggers, also comprises before the medium chain of command carries out switching between the Media Stream:
Described network equipment detects trigger condition, sends switching notice to described subscriber equipment.
9, as claim 1 to 8 media stream switching method in the time shifted TV business as described in each, it is characterized in that, postpone to stop the transmission of Media Stream according to local policy and configuration.
10, the medium switched system in a kind of time shifted TV business, comprise: subscriber equipment and network equipment, it is characterized in that, described network equipment and described subscriber equipment also comprise session control face entity respectively, are used to keep the unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream of the state of activation of same television services;
Described network equipment also comprises:
The multicast control point is used to subscriber equipment that the multicast Media Stream is provided;
The time shifted TV business media function is used to subscriber equipment that unicast media stream is provided;
Described subscriber equipment also comprises:
Request transmitting unit is used to ask network equipment to carry out switching between the described television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command.
11, as the medium switched system in the time shifted TV business as described in the claim 10, it is characterized in that described network equipment also comprises:
The handover trigger detecting unit is used for detecting whether satisfy trigger condition, when satisfying, notifies described subscriber equipment to carry out switching between unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream.
12, as the medium switched system in the time shifted TV business as described in the claim 10, it is characterized in that the switch unit in the described subscriber equipment further comprises:
First request sends subelement, is used for leaving the report of ip multicast group to the transmission of multicast control point, sends the request of putting of spreading in real time to the time shifted TV business media function;
Second request sends subelement, and stream suspends request to be used for sending in real time to the time shifted TV business media function, sends to the multicast control point to add the report of ip multicast group.
13, as the medium switched system in the time shifted TV business as described in the claim 10, it is characterized in that described subscriber equipment also comprises:
The handoff request detecting unit is used to detect the switching from network equipment, and starts the request transmitting unit of described correspondence.
14, a kind of subscriber equipment is characterized in that, comprising:
Session control face entity is used to keep the unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream of the state of activation of same television services;
Request transmitting unit is used to ask network equipment to carry out switching between the described television services Media Stream at the medium chain of command.
15, as subscriber equipment as described in the claim 14, it is characterized in that described switch unit specifically comprises:
First request sends subelement, is used for leaving the report of ip multicast group to the transmission of multicast control point, sends the request of putting of spreading in real time to the time shifted TV business media function;
Second request sends subelement, and stream suspends request to be used for sending in real time to the time shifted TV business media function, sends to the multicast control point to add the report of ip multicast group.
16, a kind of network equipment is characterized in that, comprising:
Session control face entity is used for unicast media stream and multicast Media Stream in session control face reservation state of activation;
The multicast control point is used to subscriber equipment that the multicast Media Stream is provided;
The time shifted TV business control point is used to subscriber equipment that unicast media stream is provided.
17, as network equipment as described in the claim 16, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
The handover trigger detecting unit is used for detecting whether satisfy trigger condition, when satisfying, notifies described subscriber equipment to carry out switching between unicast media stream and the multicast Media Stream.
CNA2007101484793A 2007-07-03 2007-08-31 Media stream switching method, system and apparatus in time shifted television service Pending CN101340558A (en)

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CN101969431B (en) * 2010-09-28 2013-06-12 广东威创视讯科技股份有限公司 Method for implementing unicast and multicast seamless switching for streaming media play
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