CN101303667B - Method and device for establishing magnetic disk null cluster table and seeking magnetic disk null cluster - Google Patents
Method and device for establishing magnetic disk null cluster table and seeking magnetic disk null cluster Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for building an empty cluster table of a disk. The method includes: setting at least two recording items in a file allocation table FAT used for marking whether the corresponding cluster in the disk is an empty cluster or not as FAT sections which are continuous; building the empty cluster which includes the table items corresponding to the FAT section one by one; the table item value of the table item marks whether the corresponding FAT sections include the recording item for marking the empty cluster. The invention also discloses a method and a device for searching the empty cluster of the disk based on the built empty cluster table. The method includes: when the data are written, the corresponding sections that contain the recording items for marking the empty cluster are confirmed by checking the table item value which is in the empty cluster table and marks that the corresponding FAT sections contain the recording items for marking the empty cluster; Through the confirmed the recording items in the FAT sections, the corresponding empty cluster in the disk is searched. The method and the device of the invention can be adopted to not only save the storage space, but also ensure the speed to write the data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the disk read-write technology, particularly set up the disk null cluster table and search the method and apparatus of empty bunch of disk.
Background technology
Disk is a kind of storage medium, and file allocation table (FAT, File Allocation Table) is a kind of chain type form that is used for data in magnetic disk index and location.According to the spec standard of existing Microsoft definition disk being carried out after the FAT format, can be that unit divides according to the sector with disk space, and each sector is generally 512 bytes.
After the FAT format, the basic organizational form of disk can comprise: guidance field (size is 1 sector), FAT (sector number that comprises is determined according to actual conditions) and data area (sector number that comprises is determined according to actual conditions).
Difference according to concrete FAT form, may also can increase different zones such as root folder in the above-mentioned basic organizational form, and under some FAT form, above-mentioned FAT can also be called FAT1 with above-mentioned FAT usually to backup should be arranged fully, and the backup fully of its correspondence is called FAT2, FAT2 and FAT1 logical synchronization, copy FAT2 to FAT1 and continue normal running after FAT1 is destroyed, FAT2 is also continuous with the FAT1 logic, and promptly the reference position of the end position of FAT1 and FAT2 is continuous.
Briefly introduce the various piece in the disk basic organizational form below respectively.
Above-mentioned guidance field stores essential informations such as the size of FAT zone and data area and reference position.
Above-mentioned data area is bunch to be storage cell, and each bunch comprises 2
nIndividual sector, wherein n gets natural number, and therefore one bunch size can be 1K, 2K, 4K, 8K, 16K, 32K and 64K, and one bunch is no more than 32K usually in the reality.According to the order that begins from the data area reference position, be followed successively by each bunch numbering, these numberings are called bunch number, as the sign of bunch present position, bunch number can use the data markers of different bits.Bit according to mark bunch number can be divided into the FAT form three kinds: with the FAT12 that is called of 12 bit labelings bunch number, with the FAT16 that is called of 16 bit labelings bunch number, with the FAT32 that is called of 32 bit labelings bunch number.
Above-mentioned FAT is actually a tables of data, comprises several entries, and whether one bunch user mode in the corresponding unlabeled data of the value of each entry zone, above-mentioned user mode comprise whether being empty bunch, are bad bunch etc.Fig. 1 is an example with the FAT16 form, show the brief configuration of FAT, from reference position, the value of entry 1～6 indicates in the data in magnetic disk zone bunch numbers 2 in order respectively～bunches numbers 7 indicate bunch user mode, be the 2nd bunch～the 7th bunch user mode in the disk,, may also comprise other entries after the entry 6 according to the actual size of FAT, here illustrate no longer one by one, and replace with suspension points.When the value of entry was 0, that represents that this entry indicates bunch was empty bunch, and the 2nd bunch, the 4th bunch and the 5th bunch for example shown in Figure 1 is exactly sky bunch.The value of entry also can be according to the difference of FAT form difference, when for example the value of entry was 0x00000000 in FAT32, that represents that this entry indicates bunch was empty bunch.
When in disk, writing data, need search empty bunch.For example when needs are stored the recording data in disk, we at first will create a new audio file in disk, and then the data of will recording are write in this audio file, the process of write data comprises specifies writing position and execution to write two steps of disk, wherein specifies writing position will search empty bunch.The method of searching empty bunch at present in disk has following two kinds:
The first, search empty bunch with write data sync and carry out.
In this mode, begin to check successively the value of entry the FAT from the FAT reference position, be specially and will carry out from disk reads the internal memory of disk place system among the FAT, the value of finding is 0 entry, just can obtain this entry correspondence bunch number, and then find empty bunch position.Owing to must check the value of each entry successively, when very big one section zone that the FAT reference position begins all occupied, perhaps certain empty bunch with next empty bunch between be separated by very big one section when occupied regional, will be according to this mode of searching in the expensive time on the occupied zone, add the process that reads from the disk to the internal memory when checking empty bunch, make that the speed search empty bunch is slower, and then it is also slower to cause writing the speed of data.
Still with the above-mentioned recording data instance that in disk, writes, the speed of write data must meet the requirement of the bit rate of recording, the recording of high bit rate, the data that requirement writes in the disk in the same time are more than low bit rate, the speed that also just requires to write the disk relevant position wants fast, if writing speed can cause obliterated data too slowly, therefore above-mentioned first kind search empty bunch with write the mode that data sync is carried out, even record for low bit rate, also probably can't meet the requirements of writing speed, thereby cause loss of data.
The second, write data and collect the empty bunch distributed intelligence of disk before.
In this mode, at first in the internal memory of disk place system, create a null cluster table, this null cluster table comprises several list items, in the corresponding data in magnetic disk of each list item zone one bunch, whether the list item value by list item indicates corresponding bunch is empty bunch.Fig. 2 is the brief configuration that example shows its corresponding null cluster table with FAT16, wherein from reference position begin that list item 1～list item 6 indicates for corresponding in order bunch number 2～bunch number 7 bunch, and the list item value by separately whether indicate the 2nd bunch～the 7th bunch be empty bunch, for example when the list item value is 1 Bit data 1, this list item correspondence bunch be empty bunch, as shown in Figure 2 the 2nd bunch, the 4th bunch and the 5th bunch.
With Fig. 2 is example, preparatory stage before beginning to write data, at first begin the value of inspection record item 1～6 successively from the FAT reference position, if the value of institute's inspection record item is 0 promptly to indicate corresponding bunch during for empty bunch, null cluster table to should bunch list item in fill in list item value 1, if the entry value of being checked is not 0 promptly to indicate corresponding bunch and be not empty bunch, null cluster table to should bunch list item in fill in list item value 0.After beginning to write data, directly begin to check successively the value of list item 1～6 from the null cluster table reference position, when the value of being checked through is 1 list item, obtain this list item correspondence bunch number, and then find the position of sky bunch.
Obviously, the above-mentioned second way is than first kind of mode, when writing data, saved from disk and FAT to have been read the internal memory step of the value of sequential search entry again, and can directly search empty bunch according to list item value in the internal memory null cluster table, make that to write data speed very fast, but the preparatory stage before writing data need take a long time the sky bunch distributed intelligence that obtains in the disk, and null cluster table can take the memory headroom of disk place system, for large capacity disc, its number of clusters is a lot, just need the cost long time and take bigger memory headroom, can't realize for small memory system.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, first purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of setting up the disk null cluster table, and this method can be saved storage space.
Second purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of searching empty bunch of disk, and this method can be saved storage space can guarantee to write data speed again.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of device of setting up the disk null cluster table, uses this device can save storage space.
The 4th purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of device of searching empty bunch of disk, uses this device can save storage space and can guarantee to write data speed again.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of method of setting up the disk null cluster table, described disk comprises disk file assignment table FAT, comprises among the described FAT that whether be used for indicating corresponding bunch of disk is empty bunch entry, key is that the method comprising the steps of:
At least two described entries among the described FAT are set to a FAT section, and continuous between the FAT section;
Set up null cluster table, comprise in the described null cluster table and described FAT section list item one to one, the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
Preferably, described null cluster table is set up behind the system boot of disk place, and the list item value of described list item indicates the setting up procedure that whether comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section and is:
A1, for the list item in the described null cluster table is provided with initial value, described initial value indicates and does not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section; First FAT section that will begin from the FAT reference position is as current FAT section;
B1, read current FAT section,, judge whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section by checking the value of the entry in the current FAT section, if, execution in step C1 then; Otherwise direct execution in step D1;
C1, with the initial value of the list item of current FAT section correspondence, be revised as indicating the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section, execution in step D1 then;
D1, with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT, if process ends then, otherwise continue to return execution in step B1.
Preferably, describedly judge whether comprise in the current FAT section that the entry that indicates empty bunch is:
From current FAT section reference position, the value of inspection record item when the value that is checked through an entry indicates empty bunch, determines to comprise in the current FAT section entry that indicates empty bunch successively.
Preferably, store reference position and the size of described FAT in the guidance field of disk; Whether the reference position of the current FAT section after described judgement is upgraded exceeds the end position of described FAT, is to carry out according to the memory contents in the described guidance field.
Preferably, the size of each FAT section is a sector.
A kind of method of searching empty bunch of disk, described disk comprises disk file assignment table FAT, comprises among the described FAT that whether be used for indicating corresponding bunch of disk is empty bunch entry; Key is that at least two described entries among the FAT are set to a FAT section, and continuous between the FAT section; Set up null cluster table, this null cluster table comprises and FAT section list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section; This method also comprises:
Indicate the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section in the null cluster table by checking, determine that corresponding comprising indicates the FAT section of empty bunch entry;
By the entry in the FAT section of determining, search sky corresponding in the disk bunch.
Preferably, the FAT section that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch of described definite correspondence is:
First list item that will begin from the null cluster table reference position is as current list item;
Whether the list item value of checking current list item indicates the entry that comprises empty bunch of sign in the corresponding FAT section, if then continue to carry out the step of the position of searching disk hollow bunch, and after searching end with next list item of current list item as the current list item after upgrading, return the step of carrying out the list item value of checking current list item again, the current list item after upgrading is last list item in the null cluster table; Otherwise next list item of current list item as the current list item after upgrading, is returned the step of carrying out the list item value of checking current list item again, and the current list item after upgrading is last list item in the null cluster table.
A kind of device of setting up the disk null cluster table comprises in this device: whether FAT module, storage are used for indicating corresponding bunch of disk is empty bunch entry; Key is that this device also comprises:
Module is set, is used at least two described entries that described FAT module stores and is set to a FAT section, and between the FAT section continuously;
Set up module, be used to set up and comprise and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
Preferably, the described module of setting up comprises:
First sets up performance element, is used for behind the system boot of disk place setting up comprising and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section;
Initial value is provided with the unit, is used to the list item in the null cluster table that initial value is set, and described initial value indicates corresponding FAT section and do not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch;
First judging unit, be used for first FAT section from the FAT module, read current FAT section, by checking the value of the entry in the current FAT section, judge when comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, notice is revised the unit executable operations, and with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of reading the current FAT section in the FAT module; Judge when not comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, directly with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of reading the current FAT section in the FAT module;
Revise the unit, be used to receive the notice of described first judging unit,, be revised as indicating the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section the initial value of the list item of current FAT section correspondence in the null cluster table.
Preferably, the described module of setting up comprises:
Second sets up performance element, be used for before beginning to write data, rebuliding at every turn and comprise and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one, the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section, and the null cluster table that rebulids covers the last null cluster table of setting up;
Second judging unit, be used for first FAT section from the FAT module, read current FAT section, by checking the value of the entry in the current FAT section, judge when comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, notify the first list item value that the unit executable operations is set, and with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of from the FAT module, reading current FAT section; Judge when not comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, notify the second list item value that the unit executable operations is set, and with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of from the FAT module, reading current FAT section;
The first list item value is provided with the unit, is used to receive the notice of second judging unit, with the list item value of current FAT section correspondence, is set to indicate the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section;
The second list item value is provided with the unit, is used to receive the notice of second judging unit, with the list item value of current FAT section correspondence, is set to indicate the list item value that does not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
Preferably, describedly judge whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, be that the value of inspection record item realizes by begin successively from current FAT section reference position, when the value that is checked through an entry indicates empty bunch, determine to comprise in the current FAT section entry that indicates empty bunch.
Preferably, store the reference position and the size of described FAT module in the guidance field of disk; Whether the reference position of the current FAT section after described judgement is upgraded exceeds the end position of described FAT module, is to carry out according to the memory contents in the described boot sector.
A kind of device of searching empty bunch of disk comprises in this device: FAT module, storage are used for indicating the entry whether corresponding bunch of disk is sky bunch; Key is that this device also comprises:
Module is set, is used at least two described entries that described FAT module stores and is set to a FAT section, and between the FAT section continuously;
Set up module, be used to set up and comprise and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section;
Search module, be used for determining that by checking that null cluster table indicates the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section corresponding comprising indicates the FAT section of empty bunch entry; By the entry in the FAT section of determining, search sky corresponding in the disk bunch.
Preferably, the described module of searching comprises:
Inspection unit, be used for checking whether the list item value of current list item indicates the entry that corresponding FAT section comprises empty bunch of sign, if notice is searched the performance element executable operations, and after searching performance element end search operation, with next list item of current list item as the current list item after upgrading, repeat the operation of the list item value of checking current list item again, the current list item after upgrading is last list item in the null cluster table; Otherwise directly with next list item of current list item as the current list item after upgrading, repeat the operation of the list item value of checking current list item again, the current list item after upgrading is last list item in the null cluster table;
Search performance element, be used for checking the entry of the FAT section that described inspection unit is determined, search the entry of sky corresponding in the disk bunch, search sky corresponding in the disk bunch.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, aspect the saving storage space, provided by the inventionly set up the disk null cluster table and search in the method and apparatus of empty bunch of disk, because the FAT in the disk is divided into the FAT section, comprise at least two entries in each FAT section, the corresponding FAT section of each list item in the null cluster table has avoided making an entry among the corresponding FAT of each list item in the null cluster table like this, reduce the quantity of list item in the null cluster table, thereby saved the shared storage space of null cluster table.
Guaranteeing to write aspect the data speed, in the method and apparatus of searching empty bunch of disk provided by the invention, owing to writing the preparatory stage of data before beginning, only need to determine whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in each FAT section, indicate empty bunch entry as long as promptly be checked through first that comprise in certain FAT section, just can determine that this FAT section is the FAT section that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch, and needn't check the value of all entries in this FAT section, make that the process of collecting bunch distributed intelligence of disk hollow is very fast, enter the process that writes data quickly; Again owing to write after data begin, directly check the list item value in the null cluster table, determine to comprise the FAT section of the entry that indicates empty bunch, therefore locked earlier and had empty bunch scope, only among a small circle, search empty bunch position then by the value of entry, saved and checked the spent time of scope that does not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch, made the present invention search under the prerequisite of method based on the saving storage space of empty bunch of disk, can guarantee to write faster data speed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of FAT in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the corresponding relation synoptic diagram of FAT and null cluster table in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is the corresponding relation synoptic diagram of FAT among the present invention and null cluster table;
Fig. 4 is for setting up the process flow diagram of null cluster table among the present invention;
Fig. 5 searches empty bunch process flow diagram according to null cluster table when writing data among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is for setting up the structural representation of the device of null cluster table among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is for setting up first kind of inner structure synoptic diagram of module shown in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is for setting up second kind of inner structure synoptic diagram of module shown in Fig. 6;
Fig. 9 is a structural representation of searching the device of empty bunch of disk among the present invention.
Embodiment
For making objects and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, and these explanations are nonrestrictive.
Set up in the method for disk null cluster table in the present invention, whether among the FAT at least two are used for indicating corresponding bunch of disk is that empty bunch entry is set to a FAT section, and between the FAT section continuously; Set up null cluster table, this null cluster table comprises and FAT section list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
The null cluster table of above-mentioned foundation is a tables of data that takies storage space (for example physical memory or the virtual memory in the system of disk place), and the storage space that this tables of data is occupied is divided into different memory locations, and each memory location is exactly a list item.
Setting up null cluster table actual is exactly to apply for a storage space, so null cluster table can set up behind the system boot of disk place, and no matter whether write data, and follow-up when writing data each time in disk, all the list item value in this null cluster table of real-time update gets final product; Also can be to rebulid at write data at every turn, for example in disk, write voice data if desired, when creating audio file, can set up null cluster table one, if follow-uply need in disk, write video data, then when creating video file, set up null cluster table two, the null cluster table one that null cluster table two is set up before can covering.
Regardless of the mode of setting up of null cluster table, in the method for the invention, all there are two kinds of fixed relationships one to one, the firstth, whether corresponding bunch of indicating in the disk of the value of each entry is empty bunch among the FAT, this is identical with corresponding relation in the usual method; The secondth, each list item in the null cluster table is fixing corresponding with a FAT section.
Fig. 3 is that example shows the FAT among the present invention and the corresponding relation of null cluster table with FAT16, here be example so that per 2 entries among the FAT are divided into a FAT section, what promptly comprise entry 1 and entry 2 is FAT section 1, what comprise entry 3 and entry 4 is FAT section 2, what comprise entry 5 and entry 6 is FAT section 3, wherein FAT section 1～3 is indicated by the list item value of the list item in the null cluster table 1～3 in order successively, actual size according to FAT, the entry that after entry 6 shown in Figure 3, may also have other, here enumerate no longer one by one, and use suspension points to represent.When comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the FAT section, list item value corresponding with this FAT section in the null cluster table is 1 as can be seen, and when not comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the FAT section, list item value corresponding with this FAT section in the null cluster table is 0.
With the FAT segmentation and set up under the prerequisite of null cluster table, the present invention searches in the method for empty bunch of disk, when writing data, indicate the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section in the null cluster table by checking, determine the corresponding FAT section that comprises the entry that indicates sky bunch of institute, by the entry in the FAT section of determining, search sky corresponding in the disk bunch.
As seen, after beginning to write data, only need to check list item value in the null cluster table, determine to comprise the FAT section of the entry that indicates empty bunch, again according to usual way in the above-mentioned FAT section of determining, search the position of disk hollow bunch by the value of entry.
The present invention sets up the disk null cluster table and searches the obtained effect of the method for empty bunch of disk and can write data speed two aspects and illustrate from saving storage space and assurance.
At first aspect the saving storage space, the present invention sets up the disk null cluster table and searches in the method for empty bunch of disk, owing in FAT, divided the FAT section, comprise at least two entries in each FAT section, the corresponding FAT section of each list item in the null cluster table, avoided making an entry among the corresponding FAT of each list item in the null cluster table like this, reduced the quantity of list item in the null cluster table, thereby saved the shared storage space of null cluster table.
Further specify the effect of above-mentioned saving storage space with concrete data instance.Suppose that each FAT section of dividing among the FAT is 1 sector 512 byte, each byte 8 bit; List item value in the null cluster table is 1 bit; Disk with the 2G size is an example.
For the FAT16 form, each bunch number takies 2 bytes, and then the value of entry also is 2 bytes among the FAT, that is to say in each FAT section to comprise 256 entries.Spec standard according to the definition of existing Microsoft, the disk of FAT16 form, the sum of data field bunch can be above 65535, the entry number total according to maximum so and each FAT section comprises, need 256 FAT sections just can indicate whole bunches altogether, need 1 bit storage space according to each FAT section corresponding list item in null cluster table again, the storage space that can determine common needs 256 bits just can be realized the storage of null cluster table of the present invention, if and, then need the storage space of 65535 bits just can realize the storage of null cluster table according to the existing method of using null cluster table.
For the FAT32 form, each bunch number takies 4 bytes, and then the value of entry also is 4 bytes among the FAT, that is to say in each FAT section to comprise 128 entries.According to existing standard, the disk of FAT32 form, the sum of data field bunch can be above 524288, the entry number total according to maximum so and each FAT section comprises, need 4096 FAT sections just can indicate whole bunches altogether, need 1 bit storage space according to each FAT section corresponding list item in null cluster table again, the storage space that can determine common needs 4096 bits just can be realized the storage of null cluster table of the present invention, if and, then need the storage space of 524288 bits just can realize the storage of null cluster table according to the existing method of using null cluster table.
Next writes aspect the data speed in assurance, the present invention searches in the method for empty bunch of disk, owing to writing the preparatory stage of data before beginning, only need to judge whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in this FAT section by the value of checking entry in each FAT section, indicate empty bunch as long as promptly be checked through the value that an entry is arranged in certain FAT section, just can determine to comprise in this FAT section the entry that indicates empty bunch, and needn't be from the value of all entries checking this FAT section, make that the process of collecting bunch distributed intelligence of disk hollow is very fast, enter the process that writes data quickly; Again owing to write after data begin, directly check null cluster table the list item value, determine to comprise the FAT section of the entry that indicates empty bunch, read the value of checking entry in the FAT section of determining again, therefore locked earlier and had empty bunch scope, only among a small circle in, search empty bunch position then, saved the spent time of scope that does not comprise the entry that indicates sky bunch of checking by the value of entry.The reason of above-mentioned two aspects makes the present invention search under the prerequisite of method based on the saving storage space of empty bunch of disk, can guarantee to write faster data speed.
Introduce the specific embodiment of setting up null cluster table among the present invention and writing data below respectively, wherein set up the process of null cluster table and can carry out according to flow process shown in Figure 4, the process that writes data can be carried out according to flow process shown in Figure 5.
The application scenarios of Fig. 4 and flow process shown in Figure 5 is set as follows: just set up null cluster table behind the system boot of disk place, promptly according to the size of disk, apply for a storage space (using TableBuffer to represent) in the physical memory of disk place system; Comprise FAT1 and FAT2 among the FAT, wherein FAT2 be the backup fully of FAT1 and logic continuously and synchronously; Each list item in the null cluster table is fixing corresponding with a FAT section among the FAT1, is specially the list item that begins to arrange from the null cluster table reference position, the corresponding successively respectively FAT section that begins to arrange from the FAT1 reference position; Each FAT section size is a sector, and the space (using SectorBuffer to represent) of reading current sector is deposited in one of application temporarily in the physical memory of disk place system; In the null cluster table of establishment, when being 1 Bit data 1, the list item value comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the FAT section of sign correspondence, when being 1 Bit data 0, the list item value do not comprise the entry of empty bunch of sign in the FAT section of sign correspondence.Certain above-mentioned null cluster table also can be deposited in the virtual memory of disk place system, is primarily aimed at the less system of physical memory itself.
Writing before data begin, flow process shown in Figure 4 comprises:
Step 401: for each list item in the null cluster table is provided with initial value, will be from the first sector of the FAT1 that the FAT1 reference position begins as current sector; First list item that will begin from the null cluster table reference position is as current list item.
In this step, can initial value 0 all be set, be used for indicating the FAT section that does not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch for each list item in the null cluster table.
Step 402: check the value of entry in the current sector, judge whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current sector, if, continue execution in step 403, otherwise execution in step 404.
In this step, current sector is read in the memory headroom of provisional application, check the value of the current sector record item that this is read, concrete mode is to begin to check successively from current sector reference position, when being checked through first entry value and indicating empty bunch, determine to comprise in the current sector entry that indicates empty bunch.
Step 403: the list item value value of the current list item in the null cluster table is revised as 1.
In this step, check out in the current sector when having empty bunch, the initial value of current list item in the null cluster table is revised as list item value 1 in step 402.
Step 404: upgrade current list item and current sector.
In this step, with the next sector of current sector as the current sector after upgrading; With the next list item of current list item in the null cluster table as the current list item after upgrading.
Step 405: judge whether the reference position of current sector exceeds the end position of FAT1, if process ends then continues execution in step 402 otherwise return.
In this step, begin hypothesis before according to flow process, comprise FAT1 and FAT2 in the FAT file system, wherein FAT2 is the backup fully of FAT1, and therefore before FAT1 was not destroyed, all operations were only at FAT1.Judgement can be according to size and the reference position of the FAT1 that puts down in writing in the boot sector, FAT2.
If under other application scenarios, FAT1 does not have corresponding backup FAT2, can carry out this determining step equally, can finish this judgement according to reference position and the size of FAT1 in the boot sector of disk equally.
Among the above-mentioned embodiment shown in Figure 4, realize each step if adopt computer program, can pointer be set respectively at list item in the null cluster table and the entry among the FAT1, wherein the list item pointer moves according to the amplitude of 1 bit, and the entry pointer moves according to the amplitude of a FAT section.In step 401, with the current list item of list item pointed, with entry pointed current record item.In step 404, to the renewal of current list item and current record item, can be by moving behind the list item pointer, in-migration behind the entry pointer be realized.
Be example just to set up null cluster table behind the system boot of disk place among above-mentioned Fig. 4, if adopt and whenever write the mode that a secondary data is just set up null cluster table, also can when setting up, only apply for storage space, and initial value is not set for the list item in the null cluster table, in step 403, just can directly in current list item, fill in like this and indicate the value 1 that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section, and between step 403 and step 404, increase a step 403 ', content indicates the value 0 that does not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section for filling in current list item.
After beginning to write data, flow process shown in Figure 5 comprises:
Step 501: will be from first sector that the FAT1 reference position begins as current sector; First list item that will begin from the null cluster table reference position is as current list item.
Step 502: whether the list item value of judging the current list item of null cluster table is 1, if execution in step 504, otherwise carry out 503.
Step 503: current sector is read the temporary space of applying in the internal memory, search the position of disk hollow bunch by the value of entry in the current sector.
In this step, current sector is read the temporary space of applying in the internal memory, begin to be checked through successively end position from the reference position of current sector, the position of searching empty bunch by the value of entry is identical with usual way.
In this step, when searching clearancen bunch position, just can bunch write the operation of data at this sky.
Step 504: upgrade current list item and current sector.
In this step, with the next sector of current sector as the current sector after upgrading; With the next list item of current list item in the null cluster table as the current list item after upgrading.
Step 505: judge whether the reference position of current sector exceeds the end position of FAT1, if process ends then, otherwise return execution in step 502.
In this step, the mode of inspection is with identical described in the step 505.Similarly, if under other application scenarios, FAT1 does not have corresponding backup FAT2, can carry out this determining step equally, can finish this judgement according to reference position and the size of FAT1 in the boot sector of disk equally.
Among the above-mentioned embodiment shown in Figure 5, realize each step if adopt computer program, can pointer be set respectively at list item in the null cluster table and the entry among the FAT1, wherein the list item pointer moves according to the amplitude of 1 bit, and the entry pointer moves according to the amplitude of a FAT section.In step 501, with the current list item of list item pointed, with entry pointed current record item.In step 504, to the renewal of current list item and current record item, can be by moving behind the list item pointer, in-migration behind the entry pointer be realized.
Fig. 6 sets up the structural representation of the device of null cluster table for the present invention, and this device comprises the FAT module, is used for storing whether be used to indicate corresponding bunch of disk be empty bunch entry, and this is with generally identical.Also comprise in the device shown in Figure 6:
Module is set, is used at least two described entries that described FAT module stores and is set to a FAT section, and between the FAT section continuously.
Set up module, be used to set up and comprise and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
The device that the present invention sets up null cluster table can be set up the method executable operations of null cluster table fully based on the present invention, therefore the corresponding null cluster table of when the system boot of disk place, setting up, and set up two kinds of situations of null cluster table when writing data at every turn, the inner structure of setting up module in the said apparatus can comprise following two kinds of situations.
The first, Fig. 7 shows the inner structure of setting up module in this case, and this is set up module and comprises:
First sets up performance element, is used for behind the system boot of disk place setting up comprising and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
Initial value is provided with the unit, is used to the list item in the null cluster table that initial value is set, and described initial value indicates corresponding FAT section and do not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch.
First judging unit, be used for first FAT section from the FAT module, read current FAT section, by checking the value of the entry in the current FAT section, judge when comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, notice is revised the unit executable operations, and with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of reading the current FAT section in the FAT module; Judge when not comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, directly with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of reading the current FAT section in the FAT module.
Revise the unit, be used to receive the notice of described first judging unit,, be revised as indicating the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section the initial value of the list item of current FAT section correspondence in the null cluster table.
The second, Fig. 8 shows the inner structure of setting up module in this case, and this is set up module and comprises:
Second sets up performance element, be used for before beginning to write data, rebuliding at every turn and comprise and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one, the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section, and the null cluster table that rebulids covers the last null cluster table of setting up.
Second judging unit, be used for first FAT section from the FAT module, read current FAT section, by checking the value of the entry in the current FAT section, judge when comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, notify the first list item value that the unit executable operations is set, and with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of from the FAT module, reading current FAT section; Judge when not comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, notify the second list item value that the unit executable operations is set, and with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of from the FAT module, reading current FAT section.
The first list item value is provided with the unit, is used to receive the notice of second judging unit, with the list item value of current FAT section correspondence, is set to indicate the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
The second list item value is provided with the unit, is used to receive the notice of second judging unit, with the list item value of current FAT section correspondence, is set to indicate the list item value that does not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
No matter setting up module is above-mentioned any inner structure, whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section of first judging unit wherein or second judgment unit judges, all be that the value of inspection record item realizes by beginning successively from current FAT end reference position, when the value that is checked through an entry indicates empty bunch, determine to comprise in the current FAT section entry that indicates empty bunch.
When reference position that stores described FAT module in the guidance field of disk and size, set up in the modular structure for above-mentioned two kinds, whether the reference position of the current FAT section after first judging unit or second judgment unit judges are upgraded exceeds the end position of described FAT, is to carry out according to the memory contents in the described boot sector.
Fig. 9 searches the structural representation of the device of empty bunch of disk for the present invention, be with difference shown in Figure 6, this is searched in the device of empty bunch of disk and comprises that is further searched a module, be used for determining that by checking that null cluster table indicates the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section corresponding comprising indicates the FAT section of empty bunch entry; By the entry in the FAT section of determining, search sky corresponding in the disk bunch.
The present invention searches the method executable operations that the device of empty bunch of disk can be fully be searched disk sky bunch based on the present invention, and above-mentioned inner structure of searching module can comprise:
Inspection unit, be used for checking whether the list item value of current list item indicates the entry that corresponding FAT section comprises empty bunch of sign, if notice is searched the performance element executable operations, and after searching performance element end search operation, with next list item of current list item as the current list item after upgrading, repeat the operation of the list item value of checking current list item again, the current list item after upgrading is last list item in the null cluster table; Otherwise directly with next list item of current list item as the current list item after upgrading, repeat the operation of the list item value of checking current list item again, the current list item after upgrading is last list item in the null cluster table.
Search performance element, be used for checking the entry of the FAT section that described inspection unit is determined, search the entry of sky corresponding in the disk bunch, search sky corresponding in the disk bunch.
In sum, more than be preferred embodiment of the present invention only, be not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. method of setting up the disk null cluster table, described disk comprises disk file assignment table FAT, comprises among the described FAT that whether be used for indicating corresponding bunch of disk is empty bunch entry, is characterized in that the method comprising the steps of:
At least two described entries among the described FAT are set to a FAT section, and continuous between the FAT section;
Set up null cluster table, comprise in the described null cluster table and described FAT section list item one to one, the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described null cluster table is set up behind the system boot of disk place, and the list item value of described list item indicates the setting up procedure that whether comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section and is:
A1, for the list item in the described null cluster table is provided with initial value, described initial value indicates and does not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section; First FAT section that will begin from the FAT reference position is as current FAT section;
B1, read current FAT section,, judge whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section by checking the value of the entry in the current FAT section, if, execution in step C1 then; Otherwise direct execution in step D1;
C1, with the initial value of the list item of current FAT section correspondence, be revised as indicating the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section, execution in step D1 then;
D1, with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT, if process ends then, otherwise continue to return execution in step B1.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, describedly judges whether comprise in the current FAT section that the entry that indicates empty bunch is:
From current FAT section reference position, the value of inspection record item when the value that is checked through an entry indicates empty bunch, determines to comprise in the current FAT section entry that indicates empty bunch successively.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, stores reference position and the size of described FAT in the guidance field of disk; Whether the reference position of the current FAT section after described judgement is upgraded exceeds the end position of described FAT, is to carry out according to the memory contents in the described guidance field.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the size of each FAT section is a sector.
6. method of searching empty bunch of disk, described disk comprises disk file assignment table FAT, comprises among the described FAT that whether be used for indicating corresponding bunch of disk is empty bunch entry; It is characterized in that at least two described entries among the FAT are set to a FAT section, and continuous between the FAT section; Set up null cluster table, this null cluster table comprises and FAT section list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section; This method also comprises:
Indicate the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section in the null cluster table by checking, determine that corresponding comprising indicates the FAT section of empty bunch entry;
By the entry in the FAT section of determining, search sky corresponding in the disk bunch.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the FAT section that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch of described definite correspondence is:
First list item that will begin from the null cluster table reference position is as current list item;
Whether the list item value of checking current list item indicates the entry that comprises empty bunch of sign in the corresponding FAT section, if then continue to carry out the step of the position of searching disk hollow bunch, and after searching end with next list item of current list item as the current list item after upgrading, return the step of carrying out the list item value of checking current list item again, the current list item after upgrading is last list item in the null cluster table; Otherwise next list item of current list item as the current list item after upgrading, is returned the step of carrying out the list item value of checking current list item again, and the current list item after upgrading is last list item in the null cluster table.
8. device of setting up the disk null cluster table comprises in this device: whether FAT module, storage are used for indicating corresponding bunch of disk is empty bunch entry; It is characterized in that this device also comprises:
Module is set, is used at least two described entries that described FAT module stores and is set to a FAT section, and between the FAT section continuously;
Set up module, be used to set up and comprise and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
9. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the described module of setting up comprises:
First sets up performance element, is used for behind the system boot of disk place setting up comprising and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section;
Initial value is provided with the unit, is used to the list item in the null cluster table that initial value is set, and described initial value indicates corresponding FAT section and do not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch;
First judging unit, be used for first FAT section from the FAT module, read current FAT section, by checking the value of the entry in the current FAT section, judge when comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, notice is revised the unit executable operations, and with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of reading the current FAT section in the FAT module; Judge when not comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, directly with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of reading the current FAT section in the FAT module;
Revise the unit, be used to receive the notice of described first judging unit,, be revised as indicating the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section the initial value of the list item of current FAT section correspondence in the null cluster table.
10. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the described module of setting up comprises:
Second sets up performance element, be used for before beginning to write data, rebuliding at every turn and comprise and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one, the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section, and the null cluster table that rebulids covers the last null cluster table of setting up;
Second judging unit, be used for first FAT section from the FAT module, read current FAT section, by checking the value of the entry in the current FAT section, judge when comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, notify the first list item value that the unit executable operations is set, and with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of from the FAT module, reading current FAT section; Judge when not comprising the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, notify the second list item value that the unit executable operations is set, and with the next FAT section of current FAT section as the current FAT section after upgrading, further judge whether the reference position of the current FAT section after the described renewal exceeds the end position of described FAT module, if end operation then, otherwise repeat the operation of from the FAT module, reading current FAT section;
The first list item value is provided with the unit, is used to receive the notice of second judging unit, with the list item value of current FAT section correspondence, is set to indicate the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section;
The second list item value is provided with the unit, is used to receive the notice of second judging unit, with the list item value of current FAT section correspondence, is set to indicate the list item value that does not comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section.
11. as claim 9 or 10 described devices, it is characterized in that, describedly judge whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the current FAT section, be that the value of inspection record item realizes by begin successively from current FAT section reference position, when the value that is checked through an entry indicates empty bunch, determine to comprise in the current FAT section entry that indicates empty bunch.
12. as claim 9 or 10 described devices, it is characterized in that, store the reference position and the size of described FAT module in the guidance field of disk; Whether the reference position of the current FAT section after described judgement is upgraded exceeds the end position of described FAT module, is to carry out according to the memory contents in the described boot sector.
13. a device of searching empty bunch of disk comprises in this device: FAT module, storage are used for indicating the entry whether corresponding bunch of disk is sky bunch; It is characterized in that this device also comprises:
Module is set, is used at least two described entries that described FAT module stores and is set to a FAT section, and between the FAT section continuously;
Set up module, be used to set up and comprise and the described FAT section null cluster table of list item one to one the list item value of described list item indicates whether comprise the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section;
Search module, be used for determining that by checking that null cluster table indicates the list item value that comprises the entry that indicates empty bunch in the corresponding FAT section corresponding comprising indicates the FAT section of empty bunch entry; By the entry in the FAT section of determining, search sky corresponding in the disk bunch.
14. device as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the described module of searching comprises:
Inspection unit, be used for checking whether the list item value of current list item indicates the entry that corresponding FAT section comprises empty bunch of sign, if notice is searched the performance element executable operations, and after searching performance element end search operation, with next list item of current list item as the current list item after upgrading, repeat the operation of the list item value of checking current list item again, the current list item after upgrading is last list item in the null cluster table; Otherwise directly with next list item of current list item as the current list item after upgrading, repeat the operation of the list item value of checking current list item again, the current list item after upgrading is last list item in the null cluster table;
Search performance element, be used for checking the entry of the FAT section that described inspection unit is determined, search the entry of sky corresponding in the disk bunch, search sky corresponding in the disk bunch.
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| CN101976226B (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2012-05-30 | 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司 | Data storage method |
| CN102841894A (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-26 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Data storage method of file allocation table |
| CN103106049B (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2016-08-03 | 清华大学 | A kind of movable storage device and access method thereof |
| CN109697019B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2022-12-27 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | Data writing method and system based on FAT file system |
| CN107943415B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2021-04-02 | 珠海市杰理科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for searching free cluster based on FAT file system |
| CN110286859B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-04-14 | 中国海洋大学 | Data storage method and device based on FAT file system |
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| CN1542624A (en) * | 2003-04-29 | 2004-11-03 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method for quickening logic block mapping speed in Flash file system |
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