CN101287099A - System and method for realizing video demand-casting and push-casting by P2P technique - Google Patents
System and method for realizing video demand-casting and push-casting by P2P technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention consists of a group of terminal nodes, and digital rights management (DRM) front-ends, service management front-ends and P2P management front-ends, which constitute a distributed P2P distribution network together and realize the application of P2P video on demand (VOD) and push broadcasting services by the interaction and communication among all the P2P management front-ends, the service management front-ends and the terminals nodes in the network, and the transmission and sharing of all network nodes, wherein, a P2P terminal node comprises: a group of common terminal nodes and a group of super terminal nodes; the service management front-end comprises a Push VOD server, a VOD service, a live broadcasting server and a quantum packing and wrapping server; the P2P management front-end comprises an authorized management server, a content node server and a node management server; the P2P network node comprises a P2P terminal node, the quantum packing and wrapping server and the content node server.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to multimedia technology, P2P software engineering, built-in terminal technology, embedded software technology, computer software technology, search engine technique etc.In addition, the invention still further relates to and realize program request on the internet and push away the technology of broadcasting, and carry out the method that content is distributed and propagated by the P2P technology on the internet.
Background technology
Provide the video stream media content and file is live, to sow the service of carrying be mature technique and service system for program request and pushing away by content service website or operation platform, by internet transmission, the video stream media content that realizes as the multimedia service terminal with PC (PC) and file is live, program request and push away and sow the use of carrying and be seen everywhere.
For example, in the multimedia service that the website provides, the user can pass through any downloading selected streaming media service in the Internet, if bandwidth is enough, can also directly appreciate real-time streaming media video broadcasting with PC.Multiple pc can also be directly by P2P technology shared bandwidth and storage resources.But up to this point, the scheme that all other P2P solution and product all are based on computer, and based on the P2P solution of simple, cheap relatively STB terminal (IPTV terminal or PVR terminal), the relative technical difficulty of on its limited resources, implementing, and fail to solve always.
VOD service adopts traditional Server to Client system pattern to realize operation at present, but because the restriction of server I/O, when streaming media video content (IPTV) service really is provided on a large scale, not only need a large amount of servers, also be subjected to the restriction of existing network bandwidth, when realizing high-quality service, acquire a certain degree of difficulty, and the network broadband transformation needs a large amount of investment and building time.
Therefore, by the video on-demand system (VOD) and video push system (Push VOD) of the present invention in conjunction with the P2P technology, any content service provider can provide the real-time video demand (telecommunication) service or the business of broadcasting that pushes away of customize services is provided to the user to the user by the Internet, not only can carry out video request program, can also carry out operations such as time redirect, time-out, F.F., rewind down the video of program request in client.The present invention overcomes the bottleneck of existing network bandwidth, and being embodied as PC and non-pc user provides high-quality trans-regional, multimedia service on a large scale.
Summary of the invention
The present invention adopts manageable peer node (P2P) technology to realize the application of IPTV video on-demand system (VOD) and push system (Push VOD).The present invention is made up of one group of P2P terminal node and digital copyright management (DRM) front end, service management front end, P2P management front end, distributed P2P distributing network of common formation, by the transmission between mutual and communication and the all-network node between all P2P management front end, service management front end and terminal nodes and shared in the network, realize the P2P video request program and push away broadcasting professional application, as shown in Figure 1.P2P terminal node of the present invention comprises: one group of ordinary terminal node and one group of hyper terminal node; Service management front end of the present invention comprises: Push VOD server, VOD server, direct broadcast server and quantum are sealed the dress server; P2P management front end of the present invention comprises: empowerment management server, content node server and node administration server; The P2P network node comprises in the present invention: P2P terminal node, quantum are sealed dress server and content node server.
P2P terminal node of the present invention is made up of one group of ordinary terminal node and one group of hyper terminal node with streaming medium content processing and memory function.The ordinary terminal node inserts the ordinary terminal that transmission of P2P Streaming Media or communication are carried out in the internet request after refering in particular in the present invention and loading the P2P client software, the personal video recording terminal (PVR) that comprises the storage of the embedded set top box terminal (IPTV) of refering in particular in the present invention and built-in hard disk, the user realizes video request program and pushes away the function of broadcasting by direct control and control ordinary terminal node.The hyper terminal node refers to the fast search algorithm by different level by node administration server employing of the present invention in the present invention, in all ordinary terminal nodes, search out have optimum bandwidth and maximum processing capability and terminal shortest path of living in as the hyper terminal node, comprise the personal video recording terminal (PVR) of the embedded set top box terminal (IPTV) of refering in particular in the present invention and built-in hard disk storage.Have high performance super node and cooperate mutually to each other and transmit, can shorten the response time of transmitting between the node, accelerate interconnective speed between the node.Even a super node exits network or the collapse of paralysing, other all nodes still effectively are connected with other network nodes accordingly, and in new search, use new super node.The present invention is by to the identification of super node, can realize guarantee and management optimum and the most effective node resource, thereby realization also can realize strong functions by weak terminal (for example set-top box).
Service management front end of the present invention by Push VOD server, VOD server, direct broadcast server and quantum seal the dress server form, as shown in Figure 1.
Push VOD server pushes away the server of original program source in the business of broadcasting as buffer memory, and original processing of audio/video program and issue in the P2P push system are provided.The VOD server provides original processing of audio/video program and issue in the P2P VOD system as the server of original program source in the cache on demand business.Direct broadcast server provides original processing of audio/video program and issue in the P2P live broadcast system as the server of original program source in the buffer memory live broadcast service.
Quantum is sealed the dress server the original program source of storing on Push VOD server, VOD server and the direct broadcast server, and promptly continuous files in stream media is divided into the primary bit stream file of a section tens kbps to hundreds of Kbps.All primary bit stream files are sealed the dress server by quantum and are put on sequence number in order respectively, and give all quantum bag mark timestamps according to same time period or file reproduction time as the quantum bag.For example: if but the program of terminal node buffer memory 1Mbps bandwidth 5 minutes, the program total length is 100 minutes, can be sealed the dress server by quantum and be divided into 20 sections, every section 5 minutes.Every section is identified into the binding of 1-20 sequence number and program identification by the reproduction time order, and each sequence number is according to the playing programs time mark timestamp of correspondence.Built-in terminal or personal video recording terminal are decoded according to the quantum packet number and the timestamp that receive, revert to continuous files in stream media, and promptly the original video program shows on television set.In the P2P distributing network, as shown in Figure 2, the quantum bag of buffer memory and transmission primary bit stream between all P2P network nodes, thus data transmission bauds improved, solve the network congestion situation.Can prevent also simultaneously that data traffic is excessive causes decoder to block or paralysis, reduces buffer area, realizes smoothly decoding, reduces the terminal cost.After the quantum that has high-performance and big capacity hard disk is in addition sealed the dress server and loaded the P2P server software, can provide jumbo flow-medium performance file storage; Can encapsulate the multi-channel program flow-medium performance simultaneously; And can carry and support the program request of more than 30 P2P program set and push away to broadcast concurrent stream.
Digital copyright management of the present invention (DRM) front end has the encryption to streaming medium content, the definition of authority information, obtains the generation of authority and distribution, user's management, major functions such as the management of operation flow.The flow-medium performance content that comes from P2P service management front end; through being distributed to the terminal use by the P2P mode behind digital copyright management (DRM) the front end encipherment protection; after the client of terminal is passed through the authentication of empowerment management server; the instruction that the authorization center of digital copyright management (DRM) front end is received the empowerment management server generates encryption key and license passport.Push VOD server, VOD server or direct broadcast server be according to the original program file on this encryption keys server, and send into quantum and seal the dress server and be packaged into the quantum APMB package.Comprise the required key of deciphering quantum APMB package in the license passport, when the authentication of terminal by the empowerment management server, after obtaining service authorization, the time certificate that can secure permission, the client of terminal is according to built-in decipherment algorithm reduction decoding key, can receive the quantum bag of having encrypted, be decrypted and decode the broadcast program content.The client of terminal is finished arranging key as a module that places in the terminal set top box, receives key and authorizes decryption work.Authorization center can be set up on the Internet Anywhere, carries out information interaction with the client of terminal by the secure private passage, as VPN.
P2P management front end of the present invention is made up of empowerment management server, content node server and node administration server, as shown in Figure 1.
Empowerment management server major function is followed successively by user management, accounting management and authorization service.User management refers to that the empowerment management server authenticates the terminal use, determines whether to be authorized user, and the authentication information that sends by terminal is Termination ID information and terminal address information, confirms as authorization terminal; Secondly accounting management is confirmed rate by the terminal use at terminal use's demand (telecommunication) service with push away the business of broadcasting and carry out that rate calculate and expense is added up; After authentication by user management and the expense statistics, determine the validity of authorization service, promptly the terminal use can use or continue to use the service of being applied for, as: live broadcast service, demand (telecommunication) service, push away the business of broadcasting; Last empowerment management server generates instruction and is sent to the digital copyright management front end, authorization center by the digital copyright management front end generates licence, after being obtained by terminal, produce key, realize authentication, charging, mandate and digital copyright management by built-in accurate decipherment algorithm.
A key technology of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, in the P2P distributing network, dispose an assembling and carry the content node server of P2P server software, the content node server adopts the mode of P2P content distributing network (CDN) to carry out distributed deployment, makes it to become the distributed node that the P2P content is distributed that has in the P2P network.But content node server buffer memory or storage are sealed the quantum bag that obtains the dress server from quantum, and upload quantum bag data for the node of a plurality of P2P groupings simultaneously in the P2P network.The content node server is the node of quantum bag data as a supplement, when terminal node is in rarefaction state, can accelerate and expand the bandwidth of P2P network and the speed of download of system, can also alleviate program request and push away and broadcast number of programs pressure to the front end system and network bandwidth when too much.Therefore the content node server possesses the spatial cache and the memory space of larger capacity, and possess broadband interface and multi-threaded parallel disposal ability, can carry and support dozens of P2P program set program request and push away to broadcast concurrent stream, have quantum and seal the two-in-one function of dress server.
Content node server of the present invention, when realizing the content distribution function, adopt the automatic search technique and the best path algorithm of software, seal quantum bag buffer memory in the dress server or storage wherein being deployed in quantum on the P2P network, seal the input quantity of dress server and reduce cost thereby reduce the higher quantum of cost; In program request and push system during as the P2P node, divided into groups and management by node administration server shuffling simultaneously with terminal node, finish the P2P distribution function by the adjacent P2P connection of the best table, make on the same group terminal node also can be therefrom direct buffer memory quantum bag, the load capacity of all P2P network nodes of balance, the extended network bandwidth improves transmission speed and efficient.Determine that according to distribution situation, the network bandwidth resources situation of terminal node in the P2P network a common content node server can be supported dozens of P2P program set program request and push away to broadcast concurrent stream in the quantity of different regions needs deployment content node server.
The P2P server software structured flowchart that loads in the content node server, as shown in Figure 3, bottom is a hardware platform, is the hardware driving layer on hardware platform, this layer embeds hardware-related driver; On Drive Layer the management that (SuSE) Linux OS (OS) comprises process/thread, file system, protocol stack etc.; Be application library (LIBrary) on operating system, comprise shape library processing (Graphics), CSS is handled in security and encryption, AES, and stream media protocol is handled (RTP/RTSP/UDP); Key technology of the present invention is an application layer, comprises the system configuration module, P2P distribution module, P2P administration module, application programs such as program source pretreatment module and software upgrading; The superiors are application management layers, are responsible for the management of types of applications program in the system, and the communication between application program.
In application layer, the system configuration module provides the configuration feature of server software and hardware and system service strategy, realizes local management or telemanagement; The P2P distribution module is realized the content distribution service between the P2P node; The P2P administration module is realized the uploading of streaming medium content, storage administration, to all programming program guide EPG and provide the link of corresponding broadcasting server, organize content flow and load balance; The program source pretreatment module realizes the analysis of program stream I frame, generates the doubly speed tabulation of I frame, is used for program request F.F., fast reverse operation; The function of software upgrading module is the upgrading of realization and management software.
The content node server has two functions: as the part of content delivering system, form distributed network with other P2P content node server, store the quantum bag into distance users optimal node place; Another function is to improve the running quality of whole program request and push system, guarantees sufficient in real time being downloaded by the P2P terminal node of quantum bag.The feature of content node server is as follows:
1, reserve big buffer memory or memory space on the content node server, the above memory space of 2TB for example can buffer memory or store complete program file.
2, distribute the data bandwidth of broad, possess broadband interface and multi-threaded parallel disposal ability.
3,, download and upload quantum bag data to other P2P nodes as the node in the P2P network.
4, be subjected to node administration server controls and management, obtain to connect tabulation, seal from quantum and download quantum bag data the dress server, upload quantum bag data for other P2P nodes simultaneously.
Another key technology node administration server of the present invention can be realized all P2P network nodes are carried out Dynamic Packet, and distribution and storage that the Streaming Media quantum is wrapped between the all-network node obtain effectively management.As shown in Figure 2, all P2P network nodes of the present invention comprise that terminal node, content node server and quantum seal the dress server.
The node administration server manages all nodes and divides into groups, and connects tabulation for a P2P is provided with group node, and implementation method is:
1. node administration server electric program menu (EPG) information built-in according to terminal is determined the video frequency program of user's program request, and all identical time section request program requests or the adjacent end node of downloading same program are assigned in the identical P2P grouping;
2. the computational methods of time section are, in all neighboring terminals nodes, buffer memory or the terminal node of storing identical quantum bag data with current program request or the time period that pushes away the terminal node of broadcasting quantum bag data have overlap the zone can be divided into one group.Content node server, quantum are sealed the dress server because of buffer memory or stored All Time section program, are selected in all the time in the same grouping by the node administration server.
2. adopt fast search algorithm by different level, the information such as spatial cache, terminals and Internet access bandwidth (uplink and downlink), open ended P2P node linking number that can distribute to P2P service according to terminal are searching out one group of super node with optimum bandwidth and maximum processing capability in the ordinary terminal node on the same group;
3. by shortest path and optimum bandwidth matching algorithm, in the P2P network, select at least one content node server and at least one quantum that is positioned at best region that is arranged in best region to seal P2P grouping of dress server adding; Content node server and quantum are sealed the quantity of dress server, according to the program request of terminal node or the amount number of download determine that the node administration server takes the principle of load balancing to choose on the same group.
4. for providing P2P, all nodes on the same group connect tabulation, preferentially select for use super node and content node server or quantum to seal the dress server in the connection tabulation and carry out quantum bag exchanges data, improve the search performance of node to quantum bag data, shorten the response time of transmitting between the node, accelerate interconnective speed between the node.
5. all nodes on the same group connect and intercourse quantum bag data from one or more best on the same group adjacent P2P nodes according to connecting tabulation, and finally finish the exchange process of all data in the P2P network.All nodes on the same group comprise that terminal super node, ordinary node, quantum seal dress server and content node server etc.
Under the limited condition of certain regional internet bandwidth resources, the node administration server is according to information such as the access bandwidth of all nodes on the P2P network and numbers of connection, optimize and connect tabulation, make and currently carrying out program request or pushing away the terminal node broadcast obtaining effectively and being connected fast, thereby realize the best program request of terminal and push away broadcasting effect, the optimization method that connects tabulation is as follows:
1. the node administration server guarantees at first that enough connection bandwidth are given and is currently carrying out program request or pushing away the terminal node of broadcasting, and guarantees the connection surplus of certain percentage, guarantees to connect the stability of bandwidth;
2. the network between the shortening node connects distance and response time, strengthens node connection stability and validity;
3. suitably reduce descending linking number, increase up linking number, improve the whole efficiency of program request and push system;
4. the node administration server adopts some node principle of priority optimization to connect tabulation, guarantee at first that promptly super node and content node server carry out quantum bag exchanges data, under the state that guarantees to block up, still can effectively use the strongest a limited number of P2P super nodes of disposal ability in the internet;
5. program request and pushing away is broadcast under the excessive situation of concurrent flow, by connecting the adjacent content node server of tabulation super node search, after obtaining quantum bag data as early as possible, upload quantum bag data, be convenient to the limited terminal of cpu resource and finish the P2P function effectively for other terminal node;
6. the node number that connects in the tabulation can be adjusted automatically according to the P2P network bandwidth and play-on-demand program situation, guarantees that all terminal nodes and content node server or quantum seal the most effective connection of adorning between the server and transmission.
The terminal node of same packets the program request of same rate such as is in or pushes away at identical time zone substantially to be broadcast, it is relatively stable to connect tabulation, life span is longer, refresh list content in real time, therefore after the node of same packets is received and is connected tabulation, just disconnect with the node administration server and be connected the efficient of assurance node administration server.But in program request and push system, when following situation occurring, node administration server and terminal node connect once more, upgrade to connect tabulation, guarantee that the normal connection between the node is unaffected:
1. the successful linking number that connects terminal node in the tabulation constantly reduces, and when reducing to the certain mass threshold value, threshold value can preestablish;
2. connecting in the tabulation bandwidth load that terminal node is sealed the dress server to content node server or quantum constantly increases, and when being increased to the certain mass threshold value, threshold value can preestablish;
3. connect in the tabulation content node server or quantum and seal the dress server and constantly reduce, and when reducing to the certain mass threshold value, threshold value can preestablish with the successful linking number of terminal node;
4.P2P in the VOD system, terminal node suspends, when recovering normal play after the F.F./doubly fast F.F., rewind down/doubly fast fast reverse operation.
5. the program request of terminal watches that flow process finishes or push away to sow after the end of current-carrying journey, and terminal node logs off and network, or carries out other program requests or push away broadcasting when operating, and the quantum bag data of buffer memory are released before, when the data upload service no longer is provided.
6. there is new node to add grouping, obtains data from other node on the same group, when providing the data upload service for other nodes.
In P2P program request of the present invention and push system, when node administration server and terminal node connected once more, the node administration server dynamically updated and connects tabulation, guarantees the normal connection between the node, connect tabulation as dynamically updating of one of key technology of the present invention, its implementation is:
1. because the distributed connection that all nodes adopt, when certain node withdraws from from system or can't be when network is searched for, the web search that can't influence any other node be connected transmission.The node administration server is the node that withdrawed from of deletion and on-the-fly modify connection tabulation with group node from grouping automatically, and all nodes obtain new connection tabulation, with no longer with the node switching data that withdrawed from;
2. new node adds grouping and causes grouping to be tabulated when changing with being connected, the node administration server also can be adjusted dynamically and connect tabulation, distribute and keep effective connection between super node and the ordinary node, keep best adjacent content node server and quantum to seal effective connection between dress server and the terminal node.
3. be different from and implement the local feature of playing after video file quantum bag in the P2P push system downloads to built-in hard disk, when the terminal node of P2P VOD system is accepted quantum bag program data, the real-time decoding displaying video programs, the video frequency program of playing is difficult to realize time-out, F.F. and rewind down equal time skip operation on terminal in real time.Node administration server of the present invention can be realized above all operations.
(1) when the terminal use implements the pausing operation of long period, this terminal node at first sends time-out information to the node administration server, and stops and being connected of other node; The node administration server more withdraws from this terminal node tabulating with being connected from corresponding P2P grouping, and notes sequence number and the timestamp of this node at the program quantum bag in breakpoint; When this terminal use implements to continue play operation, this terminal node adds the P2P grouping again to the node administration server requirement, the node administration server is redistributed the P2P grouping and is connected tabulation according to quantum packet number that writes down before and timestamp, and be back to terminal node, terminal node is according to the connection tabulation that regains, be connected with new node, search for follow-up quantum bag, finish pausing operation.
(2) when the terminal use operates F.F. or rewind down, this terminal node at first stops and being connected of other node, according to F.F./doubly fast F.F. or rewind down/doubly fast fast reverse operation, terminal is calculated the increase or the minimizing of quantum packet number and timestamp automatically: F.F./doubly fast forwarding operation correspondence be the increase of quantum packet number and timestamp, rewind down/doubly fast rewind down correspondence be the minimizing of quantum packet number and timestamp; When the terminal use stops the operation of the fast rewind down of F.F./doubly fast F.F. or rewind down/doubly, current quantum packet number and timestamp that terminal node will calculate, and deliver to the node administration server; The node administration server is that terminal node is redistributed new P2P grouping and is connected tabulation, and returns to terminal node; Terminal node is according to the connection that regains tabulation, is connected with new node, searches for required quantum bag, finishes terminal F.F./doubly fast F.F. or rewind down/doubly fast fast reverse operation.
When carrying out the fast fast reverse operation of F.F./doubly fast F.F. or rewind down/doubly in the P2P VOD system, terminal and node administration server need the plenty of time to carry out computing and processing, and terminal node needs the long period to recover to connect, so period of reservation of number is longer.At this defective, quantum of the present invention seals the dress server and the node administration server adopts the I frame management method can shorten F.F./doubly fast F.F. and rewind down/doubly fast fast reverse operation process, make the resume speed of video image accelerate high efficiency and high-quality realization F.F. and fast reverse operation.
The I frame is the inlet point that the image sequence of special-effect mode (F.F. or rewind down or redirect) enters at random.I frame management method of the present invention can optionally join in the system according to the practical application of P2P VOD system as time-out, F.F./doubly fast F.F., the rewind down/doubly optimization of fast fast reverse operation in the VOD system, and the concrete steps of I frame management method are:
1.I frame analysis: quantum is sealed the dress server original program stream information on the VOD server is carried out the analysis of I frame, determines the I frame;
2.I frame quantum bag is handled: quantum is sealed the dress server and is packaged into some quantum bags according to the I frame data in the original program stream, and additional I flag of frame, be called I frame quantum bag, each I frame quantum bag is flag sequence number and timestamp all, leave quantum in and seal in the dress server, also can be diverted on the content node server by the P2P network;
3. in VOD system, terminal node, quantum are sealed and are transmitted I frame quantum bag between dress server and the content node server mutually, when terminal is carried out F.F. or fast reverse operation, this terminal node stops to connect, send jump information to the node administration server, jump information comprises: the I frame quantum packet number of receiving when terminal node stops to connect and timestamp, F.F. or rewind down times speed (2 times, 4 times, 6 times, 8 times etc.);
4. the node administration server is according to jump information, generates the doubly speed tabulation of I frame, and I frame doubly speed tabulation comprises: program file name sign, F.F. or rewind down doubly speed, under current F.F. or rewind down times speed all I frame quantum packet number and timestamps, as shown in Figure 4.
5. when the user stops the operation of F.F. or rewind down, terminal only need send the time period (begin stop to F.F. or fast reverse operation from terminal response F.F. or rewind down behaviour the time interval) of whole operation to the node administration server;
6. the node administration server is according to I frame doubly speed tabulation and time period, and after can calculating F.F. or fast reverse operation fast and stopping, I frame quantum packet number and timestamp that terminal need receive are dynamically set up I frame quantum bag in view of the above and connected tabulation;
7. this terminal node connects tabulation by I frame quantum bag, connects with adjacent node, obtains required I frame quantum bag, displaying video picture immediately after terminal is decoded.The F.F. of an optimization/and rewind down/operation just finish fast at short notice.
A common node administration server can be managed tens thousand of P2P nodes, a plurality of node administration servers can use simultaneously, the P2P node that management increases arbitrarily, node administration server of the present invention replaces continuity and the stability that traditional central index retrieval server can guarantee the IPTV system, for the expansion of system scale provides excellent interface.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is in conjunction with the IPTV program request and the push system block diagram of P2P technology according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the P2P distributing network block diagram of disposing according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is according to P2P server software structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is according to the doubly fast tabulation sample of I frame of the present invention figure;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that connects according under the P2P video on-demand system of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the operational mode flow chart according to P2P video on-demand system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is according to F.F. Optimizing operation flow chart under the P2P video on-demand system Play Control of the present invention;
Embodiment
Can realize the various concrete application of P2P video on-demand system and push system according to the present invention, embodiment is not limited to following giving an example.
Give an example one: the terminal that video on-demand system of the present invention adopts is an embedded IP TV set-top box, built-in electronic program guide (EPG), VOD service be can realize by the present invention, and F.F./doubly fast F.F. and rewind down/doubly operation of fast rewind down supported based on the P2P distributing network.The specific implementation method of VOD system of the present invention is as described below:
1.P2P VOD system---connect
(1) connected mode of P2P video on-demand system of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the operation that built-in terminal---IPTV set-top box is carried out video request program is that the built-in electric program menu (EPG) of user by selecting IPTV set-top box is confirmed, the IPTV set-top box is submitted the information of ordering electronic program guide (EPG) to the VOD server;
(2) the VOD server is handed to the empowerment management server with the EPG information of STB terminal information and program request, the empowerment management server at first authenticates the IPTV set-top box, after STB terminal ID and terminal address affirmation, add up the current rate situation of IPTV set-top box again, confirming has enough rate to pay this program request expense;
(3) if there are not enough rate, not enough information to IPTV set-top box conveys to the user thereby the empowerment management server returns rate; If payable this program request, the empowerment management server is back to the IPTV set-top box with user's tariff information and the required cost information of this program request, submits to the user and confirms;
(4) user's confirmation is passed the empowerment management server back, deducts this program request expense by the empowerment management server, and renewal user's rate situation also is kept in the empowerment management server;
(5) by after authentification of user and the expense statistics, the empowerment management server is assert the authorization service of this set-top box, generate instruction and be sent to digital copyright management front end and VOD server, the authorization center of digital copyright management front end generates encryption key and license passport according to instruction;
(6) the digital copyright management front end reaches the VOD server with encryption key, the VOD server is delivered to quantum after according to this secret key encryption original program file and is sealed the dress server, after the analysis of I frame, carrying out quantum bag I frame handles: the I frame data in the original program stream are packaged into an independent quantum bag separately, be called I frame quantum bag, and, leave quantum in and seal in the dress server by additional I flag of frame, send into the P2P distributing network, and carry out the shunting of quantum bag by content node server on the same group;
(7) authorization center of the front end of digital copyright management simultaneously reaches license passport through the IPTV set-top box after the authentication, can be by the license passport set-top box by built-in decipherment algorithm reduction decoding key, so that after set-top box receives the quantum bag of encryption, can be decrypted and decode it, finally realize the broadcast of programme content;
(8) through after authentication, charging, mandate and the digital copyright management, the P2P VOD system starts connection.
2.P2P VOD system---system's operation
The operational mode of P2P video on-demand system of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, the management of P2P VOD system control core is the node administration server.
(1) after the P2P VOD system connected, all terminals became terminal node on the P2P network, at first connected with the node administration server; The node administration server is collected relevant information to terminal node, comprising: terminal type, terminal address, electric program menu (EPG) information, terminal can be distributed to information such as the spatial cache, terminals and Internet access bandwidth (uplink and downlink), open ended P2P node linking number of P2P service;
(2) the node administration server is according to electric program menu (EPG) information, determine the video program content of user's program request, the program request zero-time, time section according to current program request same program, at the other-end node of identical time section program request same program, all divide in identical P2P grouping in the searching buffer;
(3) can distribute to the information such as spatial cache, terminals and Internet access bandwidth (uplink and downlink), open ended P2P node linking number of P2P service according to terminal, determine that whether terminal is the super node in the P2P network;
(4) the node administration server is according to the best region position, distribute on the same group content node server and quantum to seal the dress server, determine all nodes of identical P2P grouping thus, comprise that terminal node (super node), content node server and quantum seal the dress server.
(5) the node administration server is the tabulations that connect of all nodes of same packets, preferentially select for use super node and content node server or quantum to seal the dress server in the connection tabulation and carry out quantum bag exchanges data, effectively use the strongest super node of disposal ability of limited quantity, shorten the response time of transmitting between the node; All nodes are connected to each other according to connecting tabulation, exchange quantum bag data;
(6) the node administration server is optimized to connect and is tabulated according to network condition and number of nodes, accelerates interconnective speed between the node.
(7) variation that connects according to terminal node of node administration server, as: the terminal program request finishes to withdraw from connected system or new terminal node request program request adds connected system, upgrades at any time to connect tabulation.
(8) through after the node grouping of node administration server, preferential super node connection, the definite connection tabulation, the P2P VOD system can keep normal effective the operation.
3.P2P VOD system---Play Control
The Play Control of P2P video on-demand system of the present invention, can realize time-out, F.F./doubly fast F.F., rewind down/doubly fast rewind down equal time skip operation, can in system, add the I frame management method in addition, realize F.F./doubly fast F.F. and rewind down/doubly optimization of fast rewind down, after the shortening terminal was carried out F.F./doubly fast F.F. and rewind down/doubly fast fast reverse operation, the program figure recovered rapidly.Concrete enforcement is as follows:
(1) pausing operation
When the program request of ■ terminal suspended, the picture still of broadcast, terminal node stopped to connect, and keep cache contents;
■ such as time out are shorter, do not exceed the time section of present place program, then do not upgrade the present node tabulation, and terminal node is after recovering program request, and the cache contents before playing continues to connect and obtains subsequent content;
■ such as time out are longer, the time section that exceeds current place program, terminal node sends time-out information to the node administration server, node administration server record terminal node is behind the sequence number and timestamp of the program quantum bag in breakpoint, this terminal node of deletion in connecting tabulation, stop to suspend, recovery point sowing time, terminal node adds the P2P grouping again to the node administration server requirement, the node administration server is that node is redistributed the P2P grouping and is connected tabulation according to quantum packet number that writes down before and timestamp, terminal node is according to the connection tabulation that regains, obtain new connection tabulation, connect with new node, obtain subsequent content, terminal continues to play;
(2) F.F./F.F. skip operation is optimized
When the ■ quantum is sealed dress server encapsulation quantum bag, adopt the I frame management method, the original program source is packaged into the I frame quantum bag of flag sequence number and timestamp, leave quantum in and seal on the dress server, and branch to the content node server;
When ■ user carries out forwarding operation, terminal node stops to connect, the picture that the IPTV set-top box stops to broadcast, send jump information to the node administration server, jump information comprises: receive doubly speed (2 times, 4 times, 6 times, 8 times etc.) of the sequence number of I frame quantum bag and timestamp, F.F. or rewind down when terminal node stops to connect;
■ node administration server generates the doubly speed tabulation of I frame according to jump information.
When ■ stopped the operation of F.F. or rewind down as the user, the IPTV set-top box was delivered to the node administration server with the time period of forwarding operation;
■ node administration server calculates the current sequence number and the timestamp that should receive I frame quantum bag of IPTV set-top box according to doubly fast tabulation of I frame and F.F. time period, and dynamically sets up I frame quantum bag connection tabulation to this terminal node;
The ■ terminal node connects tabulation by I frame quantum bag, connects with adjacent node, obtains follow-up I frame quantum bag, finishes the F.F./doubly fast F.F. and the rewind down/doubly fast fast reverse operation of an optimization fast, as shown in Figure 7.
(3) operation optimization of fast rewind down of rewind down/doubly
The Optimizing operation of fast rewind down of ■ rewind down/doubly is with F.F./doubly the implementation method of fast F.F. is identical.
Give an example two: realize the concrete application of P2P video push system according to the present invention, similar with VOD system.Video push system of the present invention adopts personal video recording terminal (PVR), and built-in storage hard disk and electric program menu (EPG) can be realized pushing away the business of broadcasting based on the video of P2P distributing network.Because the built-in storage hard disk of terminal of push system, the quantum bag of video frequency program all is downloaded to the storage hard disk, after the decoding and deciphering by the personal video recording terminal, recover video program stream, and take this locality to play, therefore the Play Control that does not relate to push system, the push system specific implementation method is identical with system's operation with connecting of above-mentioned VOD system.
Those skilled in the art can understand, although described the specific embodiment of similitude system here for illustrative purposes, can do various modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, except additional claim, the present invention is not limited.
Claims (14)
1. system that the realization video frequency program that utilizes manageable P2P technology transmits comprises:
-service management front end comprises further with the server and the quantum in continuous files in stream media form buffer memory original program source and seals the dress server that described quantum packet server is used for the original program source is packaged into the quantum bag, and stores, sends quantum bag data.
-P2P manages front end, further comprises content node server and node administration server; Wherein the node administration server provides P2P node searching, the user profile storage and management, all nodes are managed and divide into groups, for provide a P2P to connect tabulation with group node, the content node server obtains P2P from the node administration server and connects tabulation, seal download quantum bag data dress server or other content node server from quantum, upload quantum bag data for other P2P nodes simultaneously;
-P2P terminal node has the P2P function, and streaming medium content is handled and memory function, can be used as a P2P node, can be used for supplying user's direct control and control so that realize video request program and push away the function of broadcasting.
2. the system that utilizes manageable P2P technology to realize the video frequency program transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the P2P terminal node can be divided into ordinary terminal node and hyper terminal node, wherein, the hyper terminal node is to have big storage and computing capability, has the terminal of maximum bandwidth and maximum processing capability.
3. the system that utilizes the realization video frequency program transmission of manageable P2P technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the node administration server is preferentially selected for use the hyper terminal node that connects in the tabulation and content node server or quantum to seal to adorn server and is carried out quantum bag exchanges data, selects the ordinary terminal node then for use.
4. the system that utilizes the realization video frequency program transmission of manageable P2P technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the server in buffer memory original program source comprises Push VOD server, VOD server, direct broadcast server, Push VOD server is used for the original program source that buffer memory pushes away the business of broadcasting, and original processing of audio/video program and issue in the P2P push system are provided; The VOD server is used for the original program source of cache on demand business, and original processing of audio/video program and issue in the P2P VOD system are provided; Direct broadcast server is used for the original program source of buffer memory live broadcast service, and original processing of audio/video program and issue in the P2P live broadcast system are provided.
5. the system that the realization video frequency program that utilizes manageable P2P technology as claimed in claim 1 transmits, wherein, P2P management front end further comprises the empowerment management server, is used for the P2P terminal node is authenticated and charges.
6. a method of utilizing the realization video frequency program transmission of P2P technology in the described video frequency program transfer system of claim 1 comprises
(1) after the P2P system connected, all terminals became terminal node on the P2P network, and at first the node administration server is to the relevant information of terminal node collection terminal node;
(2) the node administration server determines that the user wants the video program information that receives, and will want to receive the terminal node of same program in the User Information Database at identical time section, all divides in identical P2P grouping;
(3) the node administration server is according to the best region position, beeline, the optimum bandwidth resource, distribute on the same group content node server and quantum to seal the dress server, determine all nodes of identical P2P grouping thus, these nodes comprise that terminal node, content node server and quantum seal the dress server;
(4) the quantum packet server is used for the original program source is packaged into quantum bag data, and stores, sends quantum bag data;
(5) the node administration server is the tabulations that connect of all nodes of same packets, and all nodes are connected to each other according to connecting tabulation, exchange quantum bag data;
(6) each terminal node is received quantum bag data, reverts to the user and receives the desired video program.
7. the method for utilizing the realization video frequency program transmission of P2P technology as claimed in claim 6, the user is the program request video frequency program arbitrarily, accepts to watch selected real-time streaming media video program with pushing away the video frequency program that broadcast mode provides.
8. the method for utilizing the realization video frequency program transmission of P2P technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein comprised the P2P hyper terminal node that in all terminal nodes, searches out in the terminal node with optimum bandwidth and maximum processing capability and shortest path of living in, in the connection tabulation, preferentially select for use hyper terminal node, content node server or quantum to seal the dress server and carry out quantum bag exchanges data, select the ordinary terminal node at last.
9. the method for utilizing the realization video frequency program transmission of P2P technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein the node administration server is according to the variation of terminal node connection, and user's adding is withdrawed from, and suspends etc., searches at any time with upgrading to be connected tabulation.
10. the method for utilizing the realization video frequency program transmission of P2P technology as claimed in claim 7, the some broadcast mode also comprises the step of user terminal being carried out empowerment management, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the VOD server in the built-in original program source of electric program menu in the cache on demand business of user by selecting user terminal is submitted IP Information On Demand to;
(2) the VOD server is handed to the empowerment management server with user terminal information and IP Information On Demand, after the empowerment management server authenticates and charges, the empowerment management server is assert the authorization service of this user terminal, generate instruction and be sent to digital copyright management front end and VOD server, the authorization center of digital copyright management front end generates encryption key and license passport according to instruction;
(3) the digital copyright management front end reaches the VOD server with encryption key, the VOD server is delivered to quantum after according to this secret key encryption original program file and is sealed the dress server, quantum is sealed the dress server and is carried out the processing of quantum bag, the quantum bag is sent into the P2P distributing network, and carry out the shunting of quantum bag by content node server on the same group;
(4) authorization center of the front end of digital copyright management simultaneously reaches license passport through the user terminal after the authentication, by encrypt quantum bag deciphering and the decoding of license passport user terminal to receiving, finally realizes the broadcast of programme content.
11. the method for utilizing the realization video frequency program transmission of P2P technology as claimed in claim 7, wherein video pushes away in the broadcast mode, user terminal adopts the personal video recording terminal, and built-in storage hard disk and electric program menu are realized pushing away the business of broadcasting based on the video of P2P distributing network; The quantum bag of video frequency program all is downloaded to the storage hard disk, after the decoding and deciphering by the personal video recording terminal, recovers video program stream, and takes local the broadcast.
12. the method for utilizing the realization video frequency program transmission of P2P technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein quantum is sealed the dress server continuous program stream and file is packaged into the quantal data bag with sequence number mark and timestamp, and the step of encapsulation quantum bag is as follows:
(1) the I frame is analyzed: quantum is sealed the dress server original program stream information on the VOD server is carried out the analysis of I frame, determines the I frame;
(2) I frame quantum bag is handled: quantum is sealed the dress server and is packaged into some quantum bags according to the I frame data in the original program stream, and additional I flag of frame, be called I frame quantum bag, each I frame quantum bag is flag sequence number and timestamp all, leave quantum in and seal in the dress server, also can be diverted on the content node server by the P2P network.
(3) other quantum bag is handled: other frame in the program stream is broken into common quantum bag, and the quantum bag is flag sequence number and timestamp all, leaves quantum in and seals in the dress server, also can be diverted on the content node server by the P2P network.
13. the method for utilizing the realization video frequency program transmission of P2P technology as claimed in claim 6 wherein adopts I frame way to manage to provide the step of time skip operation as follows for user terminal:
(1) in VOD system, terminal node, quantum are sealed and are transmitted I frame quantum bag between dress server and the content node server mutually, the node administration server is according to jump information, generate the doubly fast tabulation of I frame, I frame doubly speed tabulation comprises: program file name sign, F.F. or rewind down times speed, all I frame quantum packet number and timestamps under current F.F. or rewind down times speed;
(2) when the user stops the operation of F.F. or rewind down, terminal only need send the time period of whole operation to the node administration server;
(3) the node administration server is according to I frame doubly speed tabulation and time period, and after can calculating F.F. or fast reverse operation fast and stopping, I frame quantum packet number and timestamp that terminal need receive are dynamically set up I frame quantum bag in view of the above and connected tabulation;
(4) this terminal node connects tabulation by I frame quantum bag, connects with adjacent node, obtains required I frame quantum bag, displaying video picture immediately after terminal is decoded.
14. the method for utilizing the realization video frequency program transmission of P2P technology as claimed in claim 6 after wherein the terminal node of same packets is received and connected tabulation, just is connected with the disconnection of node administration server; But in program request and push system, when following situation occurring, node administration server and terminal node connect once more, upgrade to connect tabulation:
(1) the successful linking number that connects terminal node in the tabulation constantly reduces, and when reducing to predetermined threshold;
(2) connecting in the tabulation bandwidth load that terminal node is sealed the dress server to content node server or quantum constantly increases, and when being increased to predetermined threshold.
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