CN101282203B - Switch type multicast transmission method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A switchable multicast transmission method belongs to a multiple-broadcast transmission method in the radio data communication system. The aim of the invention is to fully use the advantages of high multicast throughput rate based on the network coding, higher multicast throughput rate based on the random linear coding (digital fountain code), low feedback spending and strong flexibility and the predominance that the time delay of the multicast based on ARQ is smaller when the service speed is lower, to construct a multicast plan that the better throughput and time delay are realized when the switching is executed based on the scene parameter. The invention sets a number threshold L, a speed threshold T and a difference threshold M as the main determination criterions for switching the three transmission modes. Different multicast transmission strategies are respectively used according to the difference of three groups of parameters of service arrival speed, the quality state of channel corresponding with each receiver and the number of the receivers. According to the invention through setting parameter and switching plan, various transmission plans can transmit data at the most appropriate environment. The transmission performance of the multicast system is optimized and the transmission efficiency is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the multicast transmission method in the wireless data communication system, particularly switch type multicast transmission method.
Background technology
Obtained development at full speed in the period of radio communication and the wireless network ten or twenty in the past, with the wire communication ratio, when having channel, radio communication becomes, be subject to shortcomings such as interference, power and frequency spectrum be limited, but the characteristics of the open transmission medium of radio communication also can be converted into advantage under some occasion, as multicast or broadcast scenarios---promptly have a plurality of (or all) receiver need obtain common information simultaneously, its advantage shows as and can make full use of the radio broadcasting characteristic and effectively reduce transmission bandwidth.
Because the adverse circumstances of radio communication, traditional multicast scheme comes guarantee information correctly to be received based on ARQ (request retransmission automatically) often, multicast scheme based on ARQ, its roughly flow process be: transmitting node is that unit launches with packet (packet), receiving node is deciphered the data that receive and verification (as CRC), if verification succeeds then sends the ACK confirmation to transmitting terminal, if failure then sends repeat requests (ARQ) information, till receiving successfully.Therefore when the receiver number is a lot, for individual data Bao Eryan, transmitting terminal need wait until that all receiving nodes all correctly receive the transmission that just can begin next packet behind this bag, find out easily, one of drawback of this processing mode is that the ARQ information of numerous receiving nodes will constitute an appreciable expense (perhaps being called " feedback implosion "), two of its drawback is very low to bandwidth utilization, emission effciency is low, have a lot of receiving nodes to be in wait state after receiving successfully, such result is that the throughput of system is very low.
On the other hand, emerging in recent years network code notion is owing to it has been subjected to paying close attention to widely in the good behaviour aspect the raising throughput of system.Network code is meant in the multi-casting communication network, can on the intermediate node of network, carry out the encoding process (as simple uniform enconding) of a definite form to the information that receives, and then send, rather than on intermediate node, just store forwarding in conventional communication networks, then want more complicated processing to recover information source institute photos and sending messages based on the transmission plan of route at stay of two nights end by tradition.For example, at a sending node, under the situation of two receiving nodes, after sending node is taken turns transmission through one, can the bag that the needs that belong to different receiving nodes retransmit be carried out the XOR xor operation according to the ARQ information that receives, send as a bag then, recipient node recovers original bag by the XOR xor operation.Like this, be equivalent in once sending, send two packets simultaneously.For 2 the real system, the raising of throughput is just more remarkable for number of users.
Uniform enconding (digital fountain sign indicating number) is then reducing aspect system feedback expense, the raising system flexibility outstanding effect is arranged at random.Numeral fountain sign indicating number is meant in the multi-casting communication network, a sending node sends identical data message to a plurality of receiving nodes, before sending, sending node carries out encoding process with frame data to be sent (comprising several packets) earlier, and the packet after will encoding then sends.Each receiving node judges whether to decipher the transmission information that restores after receiving the packet information that equals a frame length, if can, then feedback acknowledgment information (ACK) is to sending node, otherwise continues to receive packet until can correct decoding.Sending node begins the transmission of next frame after receiving the affirmation information (ACK) of all receiving nodes.Like this, by being converted into the affirmation for frame data to the affirmation of individual data bag, feedback overhead is significantly reduced.But, for the lower business with burst characteristic of average arrival rate, digital fountain sign indicating number is owing to need wait until that packet in the buffer memory reaches and just can carry out coding transmission behind the some therefore it waits for that time delay may bring adverse effect to the delay performance of whole system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of switch type multicast transmission method, purpose be the multicast throughput height that makes full use of coding Network Based, based on the advantage that the multicast throughput is higher, feedback overhead is low and flexibility is strong of uniform enconding (digital fountain sign indicating number) at random and based on the multicast of ARQ arriving service rate less advantage of time delay when low, construct a kind of the switching and realize throughput and the more excellent multicast scheme of time delay simultaneously based on the scene parameter.
A kind of switch type multicast transmission method of the present invention, set up data transmission link in data receiver and N data recipient, data receiver is set up the mechanism of Monitoring Data arrival rate of message, the mechanism of current channel Packet Error Ratio information to data receiver is fed back in N each foundation of data recipient, carries out following step:
(1) data receiver is divided into the K group with N data recipient, K is 2～N, for every group of number of users set quantity thresholding L, for every group of data message arrival rate that will send set speed thresholding T, D sets difference threshold M for K group data receiver feedback data information Packet Error Ratio difference, changes step (5);
(2) data receiver is adjusted quantity thresholding L, speed thresholding T and difference threshold M according to the data message and the K group data receiver feedback information of last round of statistics;
(3) the data receiver comparison every group of data message arrival rate R and the speed thresholding T that will send is if R＜T changes step (5), otherwise carries out step (4);
(4) data receiver compares K group data message Packet Error Ratio difference D and difference threshold M, if D＜M changes step (6), otherwise carries out step (5);
(5) data receiver adopts the ARQ mode, changes step (9);
(6) relatively every group of number of users P and quantity thresholding L in the K group of data receiver, if P＜L, commentaries on classics step (8), otherwise carry out step (7);
(7) data receiver adopts digital fountain coding mode, changes step (9);
(8) data receiver adopts the network code mode, changes step (9);
(9) data receiver is handled data according to fixed send mode, and the data receiver sends packet to the K group;
(10) each data receiver feeds back receiving data information to data receiver, and data receiver enters step (2); Each data receiver correctly receives packet, enters step (11), otherwise continues to wait for;
(11) part of each data receiver's resolution data bag is judged this data packet transmission type, if belong to the ARQ mode, changes step (12); If belong to the network code mode, change step (13); If belong to digital fountain coding mode, change step (14);
(12) each data receiver decodes according to the ARQ mode, enters step (15);
(13) each data receiver decodes according to the network code mode, enters step (15);
(14) each data receiver decodes according to digital fountain coding mode, enters step (15);
(15) each data receiver delivers decoded data to use and handles, and epicycle receives and finishes.
Described a kind of switch type multicast transmission method is characterized in that, the mode that described data receiver is adjusted quantity thresholding L, speed thresholding T and difference threshold M is:
, threshold value L is transferred big by 5%～80% greater than L as every group user number P in the K group continuous X time during; , L is reduced 5%～80% less than L as every group user number P continuous X time during; Otherwise keep L constant; X 〉=10;
Continuous Y time during greater than T of the data arrival rate R that will send when data receiver transfers threshold T big by 5%～80%; , T is reduced 5%～80% less than T as data arrival rate R continuous Y time during; Otherwise keep T constant; Y 〉=10;
, threshold value M is transferred big by 5%～80% greater than M as data receiver's feedback data information Packet Error Ratio difference D continuous Z time during; , M is reduced 5%～80% less than M as Packet Error Ratio difference D continuous Z time during; Otherwise keep M constant; Z 〉=10.
Described a kind of switch type multicast transmission method is characterized in that: the packet of described transmission and reception comprises packet header and two parts of data message, comprises coded system in the packet header; Data message is the valid data information for transmitting partly.
Channel circumstance of the present invention adopts the erasure channel, and promptly for the data receiver, receive data conditions and have only two kinds: correctly receive and do not receive, part does not receive data conditions.
The present invention is that every group of data message arrival rate set speed thresholding T, and when every group of data message arrival rate R＜T, representative data information service arrival rate is lower; When R 〉=T, representative data information service arrival rate is than higher.Record is respectively organized data message Packet Error Ratio difference D (as variance) and is set difference threshold M.When each group data message Packet Error Ratio difference D＜M, it is less that the diversity ratio of data message Packet Error Ratio is respectively organized in representative; When D 〉=M, the diversity ratio that the data message Packet Error Ratio is respectively organized in representative is bigger.For every group of number of users set quantity thresholding L.When every group of number of users P＜L, the representative of consumer number is fewer; When P 〉=L, the representative of consumer number is many.T, these three parameters of M and L will be as the main basis for estimation of three kinds of transmission meanss switchings.According to professional arrival rate, the quality condition of each receiver respective channels and the difference of these three groups of parameters of receiver number, adopt different multicast transmission strategies respectively.
When D 〉=M or R＜T, adopt the ARQ mode to carry out transfer of data, digital fountain sign indicating number can bring the time-delay big than ARQ under this condition.At this moment, use network code can guarantee that also system delay is less, only uses the reason of ARQ: on the one hand, the ARQ scheme has enough been kept system's good work status in this case; On the other hand, the hardware complexity that can avoid using network code to give and bring on system's specific implementation and unnecessary mistake.
When D＜M and P＜L, digital fountain sign indicating number still can bring time-delay under this condition, and the ARQ mode is also inapplicable, because when channel difference is smaller between the user, compares with the high-throughput of network code, and the overhead that ARQ needs can significantly rise.Thereby adopt the network code mode to carry out transfer of data.
When D＜M and P 〉=L, adopt digital fountain coding mode to carry out transfer of data.At this moment, the time delay of waiting for framing is quite little, even the situation bigger with respect to Packet Error Ratio can be ignored, when the data message arrival rate is increasing, numeral fountain sign indicating number can keep bigger the descending in advance than ARQ and network code of throughput of system, obtain less time-delay, digital fountain sign indicating number will be better than all the other both greatly to the tolerance of Packet Error Ratio.
The present invention is that transmission means is switched in the multicast of the low time delay of a kind of high-throughput, by setup parameter and handover scheme, various transmission plans can be maximized favourable factors and minimized unfavourable ones, and each comfortable their optimal environment is the transmission data down, the transmission performance of multicast system is optimized, improves efficiency of transmission greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overview flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is ARQ mode data receiver transfer process figure;
Fig. 3 is ARQ mode data receiver transfer process figure;
Fig. 4 is the simple examples of network code;
Fig. 5 is network code mode data receiver transfer process figure;
Fig. 6 is network code mode data receiver transfer process figure;
Fig. 7 is digital fountain coding mode data receiver transfer process figure;
Fig. 8 is digital fountain coding mode data receiver transfer process figure;
In each flow chart, suffix a represents the transmitting terminal flow process, and suffix b represents the receiving terminal flow process.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example the present invention is further described.
The present invention adopts different multicast transmission strategies respectively according to the quality condition of professional arrival rate, each receiver respective channels and the difference of these three groups of parameters of receiver number.
Concrete steps of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.
Data receiver is that every group of data message arrival rate R sets the initial threshold value, as T=0.4 bag/unit time slot.When R＜T, representative data information service arrival rate is lower; When R 〉=T, representative data information service arrival rate is than higher.Record is respectively organized data message Packet Error Ratio difference D (as variance) and is set threshold value, as M=0.2.When D＜M, it is less that the diversity ratio of data message Packet Error Ratio is respectively organized in representative; When D 〉=M, the diversity ratio that the data message Packet Error Ratio is respectively organized in representative is bigger.For every group of number of users P sets threshold value, as L=256.When P＜L, the representative of consumer number is fewer; When P 〉=L, the representative of consumer number is many.T, these three parameters of M and L will be as the main basis for estimation of three kinds of transmission meanss switchings.The first run takes the ARQ mode to send.
The operation principle of ARQ mode, network code mode and digital fountain coding mode is as follows:
As shown in Figure 2, ARQ mode transmitting terminal receives upper strata PDU later on its transmission, waits for that then all users feed back after the ACK information, stops to retransmit this bag, continues to send new bag; As shown in Figure 3, ARQ mode receiving terminal is received after the packet, this bag of decoding, and feeding back ACK is given transmitting terminal.
As shown in Figure 4, network code adopts 1 transmitting terminal, and the environment of 4 receiving terminals for example.After the first round sends, the frame that nine bags of numbering from 1 to 9 are formed, each have bag and do not receive.When second takes turns transmission, will wrap 1,2,3 and 4 linear combinations (as xor operation), form CP (combined packet superpacket) bag 111 and send; To wrap 5,8 and 9 linear combinations, and form CP bag 222 and send; To wrap 7 resends.At receiving terminal, user 1 judge receive for after the CP bag 111, will wrap 111 with this frame inside paid-in bag 2,3 and 4 linear combinations, decode and wrap 1; Class this, can allow different users obtain different bags when sending a bag, improve throughput of system.
As shown in Figure 5, the network code transmitting terminal receives upper strata PDU (packet data unit packet) later on its transmission, sent after the bag of a number of frames, check the ACK information of each user feedback, in view of the above the bag in this frame is carried out coded combination (as xor operation), send then, the bag that does not need to make up is directly retransmitted.As shown in Figure 6, network code receiving terminal user receives PDU and is judged as after the CP bag that decode (as xor operation) obtains not having the correct bag that receives.
As shown in Figure 7, digital fountain coding mode transmitting terminal receives after the PDU of upper strata, and bag is put into buffer memory, waits for that the bag of sufficient amount is formed a frame, sends as a CP bag after the linear combination at random (as xor operation).As shown in Figure 8, the bag that numeral fountain coding mode receiving terminal user receives all is the CP bag, user I is after having received the CP bag of a number of frames, begin to judge whether to decode the bag of all frames, recover initial data, if not all right continuation receives until recovering, send an ACK information then to transmitting terminal.Transmitting terminal waits for that all user feedbacks return after the ACK information, and the beginning next frame sends.
Claims (3)
1. switch type multicast transmission method, set up data transmission link in data receiver and N data recipient, data receiver is set up the mechanism of Monitoring Data arrival rate of message, the mechanism of current channel Packet Error Ratio information to data receiver is fed back in N each foundation of data recipient, carries out following step:
(1) data receiver is divided into the K group with N data recipient, K is 2～N, for every group of number of users set quantity thresholding L, for every group of data message arrival rate that will send set speed thresholding T, D sets difference threshold M for K group data receiver feedback data information Packet Error Ratio difference, changes step (5);
(2) data receiver is adjusted quantity thresholding L, speed thresholding T and difference threshold M according to the data message and the K group data receiver feedback information of last round of statistics;
(3) the data receiver comparison every group of data message arrival rate R and the speed thresholding T that will send is if R＜T changes step (5), otherwise carries out step (4);
(4) data receiver compares K group data message Packet Error Ratio difference D and difference threshold M, if D＜M changes step (6), otherwise carries out step (5);
(5) data receiver adopts the ARQ mode, changes step (9);
(6) relatively every group of number of users P and quantity thresholding L in the K group of data receiver, if P＜L, commentaries on classics step (8), otherwise carry out step (7);
(7) data receiver adopts digital fountain coding mode, changes step (9);
(8) data receiver adopts the network code mode, changes step (9);
(9) data receiver is handled data according to fixed send mode, and the data receiver sends packet to the K group;
(10) each data receiver feeds back receiving data information to data receiver, and data receiver enters step (2); Each data receiver correctly receives packet, enters step (11), otherwise continues to wait for;
(11) part of each data receiver's resolution data bag is judged this data packet transmission type, if belong to the ARQ mode, changes step (12); If belong to the network code mode, change step (13); If belong to digital fountain coding mode, change step (14);
(12) each data receiver decodes according to the ARQ mode, enters step (15);
(13) each data receiver decodes according to the network code mode, enters step (15);
(14) each data receiver decodes according to digital fountain coding mode, enters step (15);
(15) each data receiver delivers decoded data to use and handles, and epicycle receives and finishes.
2. a kind of switch type multicast transmission method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the mode that described data receiver is adjusted quantity thresholding L, speed thresholding T and difference threshold M is:
, threshold value L is transferred big by 5%～80% greater than L as every group user number P in the K group continuous X time during; , L is reduced 5%～80% less than L as every group user number P continuous X time during; Otherwise keep L constant; X 〉=10;
Continuous Y time during greater than T of the data arrival rate R that will send when data receiver transfers threshold T big by 5%～80%; , T is reduced 5%～80% less than T as data arrival rate R continuous Y time during; Otherwise keep T constant; Y 〉=10;
, threshold value M is transferred big by 5%～80% greater than M as data receiver's feedback data information Packet Error Ratio difference D continuous Z time during; , M is reduced 5%～80% less than M as Packet Error Ratio difference D continuous Z time during; Otherwise keep M constant; Z 〉=10.
3. a kind of switch type multicast transmission method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the packet of described transmission and reception comprises packet header and two parts of data message, comprises coded system in the packet header; Data message is the valid data information for transmitting partly.
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| TWI413383B (en) * | 2009-02-03 | 2013-10-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving messages in wireless network |
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| CN101895376B (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2013-01-09 | 浙江大学 | Transmission method for realizing data broadcasting in multi-hop wireless network |
| CN102404077B (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-11-27 | 清华大学 | Multi-path TCP protocol based on fountain codes |
| CN103051981B (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2015-04-08 | 北京邮电大学 | Adaptive frame size calculation method for multiple hop transmission of video |
| WO2015077960A1 (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-06-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Transmission method and device for data packet |
| CN104901782A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-09 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for transmitting and receiving broadcasting service data |
| CN106330408B (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2020-03-27 | 安徽小木文化科技有限公司 | Data transmission system and method |
| CN112825204B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2023-03-24 | 云丁网络技术(北京)有限公司 | Access control method and device based on 2G network, readable medium and equipment |
| CN111294881A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-06-16 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Network link switching method and device, client and computer readable storage medium |
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