CN101258670A - Equipment used for transferring electric energy - Google Patents
Equipment used for transferring electric energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101258670A CN101258670A CNA2005800515242A CN200580051524A CN101258670A CN 101258670 A CN101258670 A CN 101258670A CN A2005800515242 A CNA2005800515242 A CN A2005800515242A CN 200580051524 A CN200580051524 A CN 200580051524A CN 101258670 A CN101258670 A CN 101258670A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for electron energy transfer (1, 39) which comprises at least one current converter (4, 6, 40). Every current converter (4, 6, 40) has phase elements (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 27, 28, 29) with respective arrangements of circuit elements (10a...10i, 11a...11i, 12a...12i, 13a...13i, 14a...14i, 15a...15i, 10a'...10i', 11a'...11i', 12a'...12i') that comprise at least two turn-off power conductors (22, 23) each and at least two free-wheeling diodes (24, 25), each connected in parallel thereto, and energy storing means (26). The aim of the invention is to improve the transfer properties in or between power distribution networks.; For this purpose, the device is provided with means (16, 17, 18, 19, 43, 44, 45) for controlling the current converter in such a manner that epoch, amplitude and/or the instantaneous values of an alternating current of a transfer network that can be connected to the device and/or the direct current of a direct current line that connects at least one current converter to a direct current source, and/or the direct voltage and the direct current can be controlled by at least three interconnected current converters (4, 6, 40).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment that is used for electric energy transmitting, comprise at least one converter, wherein, each converter has the phase element that has the device of being made up of switch element respectively, and these switch elements comprise at least two power semiconductors that can disconnect and at least two idle running diode and energy storing devices in parallel with described power semiconductor respectively respectively.
Background technology
Such known equipment for example has two converters that connect in the direct current pressure side, so as between the asynchronous or interconnective synchronous AC network of two electrical separation electric energy transmitting, and control this transmission targetedly.This control is essential, because local overload or uneven load Distribution for example may occur in AC network.Like this, can this overload of balance by power transfer through overregulating.This and a series of other equipment is known as so-called high voltage direct current transmission
Equipment and FACTS.At this
Adopt power semiconductor, for example controllable silicon that in line commutated technology (netzgef ü hrter Technik), works in the converter of equipment and FACTS, the perhaps power semiconductor that can disconnect, so-called insulated gate bipolar transistor npn npn (IGBT) for example, it is used in commutation topological structure (selbstgef ü hrte Topologie).The so-called voltage source converter that has the power semiconductor that can disconnect (Voltage Sourced Converter, VSC) in, need energy temporary storage, capacitor normally.Having in the converter of commutation and the device as the capacitor of energy temporary storage, shortcoming is to pass through the restriction of the size of the capacitor that adopted to through-put power.Under failure condition, extremely high short circuit current can cause the damage of equipment.Therefore, utilize up to now this device only realized in practice up to approximately ± transmission voltage of 150kV and the through-put power of about 300 to 500 megawatts.
DE 10103031A1 discloses a kind of converter device that is used for the electrical network coupling, it comprises and replaces the distributed capacitor of intermediate circuit as energy accumulator, these distributed capacitor to be included in each switch element that has the power semiconductor that can disconnect and relevant idle running diode.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, constructs the equipment that a kind of this paper begins the described type of part, utilize this equipment to improve in the energy distribution network or between transmission characteristic.
According to the present invention, above-mentioned technical problem is by being used to regulate such solution of device of converter, feasible zero phase angle, amplitude and/or the instantaneous value that can control the alternating current of the transmission network that can be connected with this equipment, and/or can control the direct voltage and the direct current of the direct current lead that at least one converter is connected with direct voltage source, and/or can control the direct voltage and the direct current of at least three interconnective converters.
According to the present invention, a kind of equipment that has converter is provided, this converter has a plurality of energy storing devices that can disconnect separately.By the device that is used to regulate, can be in the scope of power transfer and distribution and particularly in reactive power compensation and direct current transportation, adopt the characteristic of this converter, the characteristic of this converter is to have advantage especially in these cases.For example, be used to improve the stability that this equipment connects transmission network thereon according to equipment of the present invention.But, can also optimize the electric current quality of power transfer except improving network stabilization, wherein, the notion of electric current quality comprises power supply reliability and quality of voltage at this.For this reason, will be connected on the transfer wire of transmission network by the voltage that converter produced in parallel or in series be coupled to wherein, make that the load flow (Lastfluss) in transmission network changes as desired.For voltage-phase accurately is connected in parallel or series coupled, in transmission network, be provided with the equipment that is used to gather alternating voltage and alternating current suitably, its measured value is sent in the regulon according to equipment of the present invention, and this unit allows adjusting to converter according to the comparison of measured value and predetermined rated value.The device that is used to regulate comprises the measuring equipment that is used to gather measurement parameter, the software that moves, communicator or the like on regulon except one or more such regulons.Controllable adjusting parameter for example has the alternating voltage and/or the alternating current of transmission network.Transmission network has one or more phase places.Within the scope of the invention, alternating voltage not only be understood that basic parameter of oscillation, but also the time that is understood that go up the change in voltage that changes arbitrarily.Like this, under the situation of the alternating voltage of sinusoidal form basically, the zero phase angle and the amplitude of preferably regulating the alternating voltage of transmission network.The instantaneous value of alternating voltage (also can be called as currency) is preferably used for regulating the variation of going up At All Other Times of alternating voltage.The notion zero phase angle is understood that the phase difference between alternating voltage and the reference value, and this reference value depends on respectively according to equipment of the present invention institute requirement.Therefore, as just for example, the alternating current of transmission network that here will be on tie point is called reference value.
Converter also can be connected with direct voltage source by the direct current lead.For example, this direct voltage source is another converter.Like this, two converters are as the interconnective inverter work of the dc terminal of direct current transportation equipment, and wherein, regulating parameter is the direct voltage of dc wire and/or the alternating voltage of direct current and/or transmission network.For example, on each converter, gather direct voltage and direct current, and deliver to one and be respectively the regulon that this converter sets.Can determine active power waiting for transmission and/or reactive power and/or they component separately by this adjusting.Under mutual situation, between converter, transmit nominal parameter by suitable transfer of data away from the converter of arranging.What have advantage is that the converter phase mutual edge distance number kilometer ground of this direct current long-distance transmissions equipment is arranged.
In addition, claimed within the scope of the invention a kind of weak point that is used for power transfer and distribution is connected (Kurzkupplung), and it comprises at least three converters.Such equipment is also referred to as the short connection in multiple terminals.In this case, converter for example directly (promptly without dc wire) interconnects, and wherein, is captured in each converter or only is captured in direct current and direct voltage on the measuring position.
The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of switch element has been described in DE 10103031A1, this with the document all as a part disclosed by the invention.What have advantage in this equipment is, with the energy distribution of being stored in the less energy storing device of a plurality of difference, thereby overcome voltage limit or Power Limitation in the layout of single energy storing device such as capacitor.In addition, thinner classification to the voltage that is provided by converter is provided with respect to the equipment with public energy storing device only energy storing device by these distributions, thereby reduces to be used for the expense of the level and smooth and filtering on the tie point of this equipment.For example, simplified the coupling of converter on transmission network significantly.Omitted expensive magnetic couplings measure (for example passing through the coupling of the series circuit of Transformer Winding) within the scope of the invention.In addition, guaranteed the raising of operational reliability, because under the situation of (for example causing by short circuit) fault of single switch element, other switch element keeps as working before this according to the present invention.The single switch element of phase element works as controllable voltage source, and has three possible states.In first state, the terminal voltage of switch element equals condenser voltage.In second state, the terminal voltage of switch element is except the conducting voltage of the power semiconductor that can disconnect or idle running diode no better than zero, and wherein, the third state is set for failure condition.
According to the present invention, described equipment is modular.This modular realizes that by phase element itself is subdivided into switch element again these phase elements.Switch element or identical and particularly utilize identical energy storing device structure, thus identical storage capacity had.But, difference also can adopt the combination with different Capacity design within the scope of the invention therewith.
In a kind of suitable expansion of the present invention, the switch element of described phase element is connected in series, and wherein, according to even number described switch element is set, and load connector or network joint is arranged on the centre of the series circuit of this switch element.Series circuit by a plurality of switch elements and to the control of the correspondence of each switch element can be realized a kind of voltage adjustment that has more careful classification.Under load connector or network joint situation placed in the middle, for example the switch element of this series circuit one side is in first state more described above, and the switch element of opposite side is in equally at second state more described above, perhaps conversely.Utilize this being controlled to realize maximum magnitude of voltage on the phase element.If one or more is controlled to be second state at the switch element on the side separately, then formed the high voltage classification of level of voltage with single switch element.
But, within the scope of the invention, also can adopt the phase element that has the odd number switch element and/or have the load connector of non-setting placed in the middle or the phase element of network joint.Each switch element for example is designed to identical or different voltages, and with binary system ground or with other differently classification of system ground, under the condition of the switch element of equal number, can be realized being compared to the finer adjustment of identical voltage condition thus by suitably.
In the another kind expansion, described phase element comprises the layout that has two parallel branches, and described parallel branch has the even number switch element that is in the series circuit respectively.The parallel circuits of two branch roads of the series circuit by having switch element respectively, also further raising can be by the classification fineness of the voltage that converter produced.
According to a kind of relevant therewith suitable expansion, at least two parallel branches interconnect by means of Transformer Winding.Different therewith is that at least two parallel branches connect electric current ground by a parallel branch mutually and connect.Should connect the cheap make that allows transformer by means of the electric current that parallel branch connects, this transformer is used for and will be connected to transmission network and/or direct current lead according to equipment of the present invention.
In a kind of suitable expansion, a plurality of phase elements connection parallel with one another of converter.At this, phase element constitutes a kind of bridgt circuit.Converter works as known so-called voltage source converter (VSC) own, and therefore can be connected on the transmission network according to the mode with advantage, so that controllable leggy alternating voltage is coupled as reactive power and/or active power.At this, converter produces the alternating current of leggy.By adjusting device, can optionally influence the zero phase angle and/or the amplitude that are coupled to the alternating current in the transmission network, and be to influence independently of each other.Therefore, this converter also can be for example replaces passive filter (for example RC circuit) or is used in combination being lower than and/or being higher than that voltage distortion carries out active power filtering in the frequency range of mains frequency (subharmonic, super subharmonic) with passive filter as active filter element, and/or is used for the asymmetric of bucking voltage.At this, be coupled into this voltage, thereby for example eliminate the voltage deviation of the sinusoidal form that causes by negative interference from converter.
In addition, this voltage source converter also can use as inverter in direct current transmission.Like this, this converter or more definite three phase elements that comprise for example connection parallel with one another in bridgt circuit for inverter.Device with two phase elements that are connected in parallel also provides, and the inverter that will be used for direct current transmission is connected on only the have single phase place transmission network of (for example passing through coupling transformer) or is connected to simple possibility on the transmission network with a plurality of phase places.In scope of the present invention, the notion of direct current transmission had both comprised the high voltage direct current transmission
Straightening flow transmission in also comprising
Transmit with low-voltage direct
In another embodiment, a plurality of phase elements are connected in series mutually.Preferably, the phase element that has two parallel branches is connected mutually, and these parallel branches have a plurality of switch elements.This layout similarly works as voltage source converter, and for example can be used as inverter and work in direct current transmission equipment.At this, this series circuit allows the higher direct voltage of under predetermined electric power transmission, promptly has lower electric current and a therefore lower loss.
In a kind of preferred expansion, energy storing device is set in parallel with described phase element.These extra energy storing devices are used to further level and smooth and stable.
In another embodiment, each phase element has at least one impedance, perhaps is connected with another phase element by an impedance.The effect that restriction may the circuital current that (for example because voltage fluctuation or voltage are asymmetric) occurs between each phase element is played in this impedance that constitutes as coil under the simplest situation in a preferred aspect.In addition, can construct these impedances like this: make and under failure condition, limited electric current rising steepness and/or current amplitude.At this, this impedance for example or with the single switch element connected in series of phase element or phase element is connected, and perhaps is integrated in the switch element by (for example according to the modular structure mode with advantage).
A kind of preferred embodiment in, at least one converter can be connected in parallel with transmission network.This layout plays the so-called shunt compensation for the control of reactive power and/or active power, and exploitation for example be used to the to decay dynamic adjustments function of undesirable power hunting and/or subsynchronous and/or subharmonic or super subharmonic.This expansion with advantage also for example is used for voltage symmetryization.
What have advantage especially is, compare with known shunt compensation equipment, in equipment according to the present invention's expansion, series circuit by the switch element described in the above can be coupled into alternating current that can careful classification in the transfer wire, wherein, the energy that is used for producing alternating current is stored in the energy storing device of the distribution of single switch element, and single capacitor is used as energy accumulator and because its size former thereby play effect to the restrictive element of the transmission voltage of this equipment and power in known equipment.That therefore, utilizes the energy storing device have in each switch element can adjust voltage to be coupled into more meticulously according to equipment of the present invention.
In another embodiment, at least one converter can be connected in series with transmission network.By connect and/or be coupled into the voltage that changes on one's own initiative on size and/or phase place, this connection is played equally for the reactive power of transmission network and/or active power control, comprises the dynamic adjustments function of having described.Preferably, comprise a plurality of converters according to equipment of the present invention, in these converters one in parallel with transmission network and one connect with transmission network.By being coupled into two voltages that on size and/or phase place, dynamically change on one's own initiative, improved the dynamic adjustments function of controlling or having described for the reactive power and/or the active power of transmission network.Transmission network for example is the transfer wire of single-phase or leggy.
In a kind of different execution mode, described direct voltage source is second converter.This second converter can play rectifier in this case, wherein, by the direct current lead this direct current is caused first converter.This first converter or more definitely then be used for direct current is transformed into alternating current for inverter.But, converter is can be optional as the type of action of rectifier or inverter.
Described direct current lead is gas isolated transfer wire, cable and/or overhead wire at least in part.Naturally, the combination of these leads also is fine within the scope of the invention.Compare with cable (also comprising the combination with overhead wire), the special advantage of gas isolated transfer wire (GIL) is, to the better controllability of dynamic adjustments and defencive function, because this gas isolated lead has littler charging capacity.A kind of equipment of further developing in this manner of the present invention for example is used for the direct current long-distance transmissions, so that produce direct current by means of first rectifier from the alternating current of single-phase or leggy.This direct current is transferred to second converter or inverter.Direct current transportation utilizes the direct current lead of any configuration to carry out in principle.
What have advantage is, in the application that has three phase elements parallel with one another according to converter of the present invention, there is not energy storing device to be connected in direct current one side with the direct current lead, because each switch element of phase element itself has energy storing device, this device not only as energy accumulator, but also to be used for carrying out on direct current one side voltage level and smooth.In second converter, adopt three phase elements parallel with one another, make by the switch element that has energy storing device produce can more careful classification the leggy alternating current so that for example be coupled in the AC network that is connected.
Naturally, also can realize within the scope of the invention having direct current transportation device more than two converters, be so-called multiple terminals.In the multiple terminals, promptly have in the direct current transportation equipment of at least three converters, direct current lead within the scope of the present invention is optional.In other words, have at least three in the distortion of the interconnective converter of direct current one side a kind of, the present invention had both comprised that direct current long-distance transmissions equipment also comprised short the connection.
In a kind of suitable execution mode, the power semiconductor that described first or second converter has line commutated.This enforcement of equipment is minimized cost of device, this equipment has such converter, promptly this converter for example has the bridgt circuit of being made up of the power semiconductor of line commutated (controllable silicon for example, the perhaps diode of the power semiconductor that can disconnect of the replacement under the simplest situation).
In a kind of suitable expansion, described direct current lead is one pole or bipolar.Bipolar direct current lead allows the higher power of transmission.The direct current lead of one pole (it feeds back direct current by ground or under the situation of submarine cable by water) brings cheap equipment.According to the transmission network single-phase or two-phase on alternating current one side of direct current long-distance transmissions equipment of the present invention, make to be connected to the dedicated network that on the dedicated network, for example is used for railway power supply.Naturally, multipole within the scope of the invention direct current lead also is possible.
In the another kind of execution mode of this expansion, described direct current lead constitutes by impedance (passing through coil under the simplest situation).For example, utilization can connect by the known so-called weak point of formation itself as the coil of direct current lead, and wherein, coil has been born such as function level and smooth, that limit electric current and/or restriction rising steepness.
In a kind of suitable execution mode, described switch element another diode that is connected in parallel respectively.This another diode for example is known pressure contact diode itself, such as board-like photodiode (Scheibenzellendiode) or in pressure contacting electronic module integrated diode, this diode can be under the situation that one or more switch elements break down by the bridge joint that is configured to out of order switch element of controlling of the correspondence of adjuster, allow converter to continue operation thus.At this, control the switch element that remains intact and on out of order switch element, set up the overvoltage of short time targetedly by suitable, make the diode be connected in parallel fuse (durchlegieren) fully, and keep the switch element bridge joint that will damage before the replacing in maintenance period next time always.In addition, power semiconductor also can have integrated idle running diode, is implemented under the failure condition this bridging functionality to switch element.
Energy storing device comprises for example energy accumulator and the capacitor of battery, flywheel or super capacitor (Super-Caps).These energy accumulators are compared with capacitor has significantly higher energy density.This has such advantage: under transmission network or long voltage disconnects in the direct current lead situation, also kept having to reactive power and/or active power control and the dynamic adjustments function described.The result that employing has the energy storing device of high energy density is the better availability of system.
What have advantage is that described energy storing device is capacitor at least in part.It is cheap that capacitor is compared with present known energy accumulator.
A kind of preferred embodiment in, converter is connected with described direct current lead by means of energy accumulator.Have under the condition of energy accumulator of high energy density this better availability that has been connected to form system in employing.In according to this expansion of the present invention, also consider the energy accumulator except super capacitor for example above-mentioned as energy accumulator.The series connection or in parallel energy accumulator is connected on the direct current lead.
What have advantage is that this equipment constitutes direct current transmission equipment and/or so-called FACTS (FlexibleAC Transmission System exchanges transmission system flexibly), and provides the output voltage of careful classification at this.Another advantage is the transmission of reactive power and/or active power under the magnetic-coupled condition that does not have costliness.At this, constitute according to the frame mode of module advantageously according to equipment of the present invention.Particularly preferably be, to be used for direct current transportation according to equipment of the present invention, and/or be used to constitute so-called static synchronous compensator (Static Synchronous Compensator, STATCOM), static series compensator (Static Synchronous Series Compensator synchronously, S3C) or unified power flow controller (Unified Power Flow Controller, UPFC).
In addition, the invention still further relates to a kind of system that has the equipment that is used for electric energy transmitting of the above-mentioned type.At this, transmission network also be single-phase or have a leggy.Usually, transmission network is a triple line that has connected three phase places of equipment of the present invention on it.
Description of drawings
The contrast accompanying drawing is described the present invention according to embodiment below, and identical reference marker has been given the parts with same function in the accompanying drawing.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 represents the schematic diagram according to a kind of embodiment of equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 represents the circuit arrangement according to the switch element of the equipment of Fig. 1;
Another embodiment of the switch element of Fig. 3 presentation graphs 1;
Fig. 4 represents to have the illustrative diagram of converter of series circuit of the phase element of present device;
Fig. 5 represents to have the illustrative diagram of converter of parallel circuits of the phase element of present device;
Fig. 6 represents another embodiment according to equipment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, show and be used for transmission network or AC network 2 high voltage direct current long-distance transmissions to another AC network 3 bidirectional powers transmission as the equipment that is used for electric energy transmitting
Equipment 1.At this, transformer and/or coil or the electric current ground and this of AC network 2 and 3 by not illustrating
Equipment 1 connects.
Equipment 1 comprises: first current transformer 4 as converter is used for alternating current is transformed into direct current; Transmission cable 5 as the direct current lead; And, be used for direct current is transformed into alternating current as second current transformer 6 of converter.Bipolar transmission cable 5 comprise two inner leads 7,7 ' and shield the foreskin lead (Mantelleitung) 8,8 of these conductors ', the latter is respectively its terminal ground connection or protected by other adequate measures (for example discharger).First current transformer 4 has three phase elements 10,11,12, and wherein each phase element has switch element 10a...10i, 11a...11i and the 12a...12i that a plurality of series connection are provided with.At this, for the reason of symmetry, each phase element is connected with a phase place of the alternating current of AC network 2 respectively in the centre of the series circuit of switch element.Second current transformer 6 comprises three phase elements 13,14,15 equally, each phase element has the switch element 13a...13i that the even number series connection is provided with respectively, 14a...14i 15a...15i, phase element have the joint of a phase place that is used for AC network respectively in the centre of series circuit.In addition, this equipment also is included in other the usefulness 9, the circuit arrangement of 9 ' mark on each end of transmission cable 5, these circuit arrangements are made up of capacitor and/or coil and/or resistance and/or discharger, and it is set for smooth dc voltage or stable transfer extraly.
In phase element 10,11,12 and 13,14,15 or respectively at least one switch element 10a...10i, 11a...11i and 12a...12i or 13a...13i, 14a...14i, 15a...15i transition joint on connection between, the coil that other does not illustrate in the drawings can also be set.These coils are limited in circuital current possible between the phase element.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show circuit arrangement of equal value, and they are open and be used as switch element 10a...10i by DE 10103031A1, and 11a...11i, 12a...12i, 13a...13i, 14a...14i, 15a...15i are used in the equipment according to Fig. 1.These switch elements comprise 24,25 and capacitors 26 as energy storing device of 22,23, two diodes of 20,21, two power semiconductors of two splicing ears.Power semiconductor 22 and 23 is the electronic switch that can disconnect in the example shown and is IGBT at this.But, also can adopt IGCT, MOS switching field effect transistor or the like as power semiconductor.Described the circuit arrangement of a plurality of such switch elements and the function of series circuit in DE 10103031A1, it is quoted by this becomes content disclosed by the invention.Each switch element can be designed to identical or different voltage ranges, also for example by with binary system or the differently classification of other system.In case of necessity, on splicing ear 20,21, be connected with the extra diode that does not illustrate among the figure, be used under failure condition bridge joint switch element.
Figure 4 illustrates another embodiment that is applied in according to converter in the equipment of the present invention, that be so-called H circuit, wherein, for phase element 27,28,29 switch element 10a...10i and 10a ' are set according to Fig. 2 ... 10i ', 11a...11i and 11a ' ... 11i ', 12a...12i and 12a ' ... 12i '.Each phase element 27,28,29 comprises that two have switch element 10a...10i and the 10a ' that is connected in series respectively ... 10i ', 11a...11i and 11a ' ... 11i ', 12a...12i and 12a ' ... the parallel branch of 12i '.These parallel branches interconnect by two connection leads that are connected a lead and a centre in Fig. 4 middle and upper part with the outside shown in the bottom respectively, and wherein, series connection has inserted the switch element of equal number between the connection lead middle and each outside.The middle lead that connects has a phase place joint 30,31,32 respectively, is used for connecting with two phase places of the alternating current that is connected. Phase place joint 30,31,32 is illustrated by the secondary joint as transformer 30,31,32 schematically, measures or apply corresponding alternating current on an elementary side that does not illustrate of these transformers.Each phase element 27,28,29 that is connected in series mutually is in parallel with capacitor 33,34,35.If the operation of shown device is used for producing alternating current, then by each phase element from the direct current that is coupled in direct current one side by suitably controlling in the phase place of alternating current that each switch element is fed into alternating current leggy.Capacitor 33,34,35 plays extra stable and level and smooth effect and only selectively is provided with.This device works according to the principle of voltage source converter, and produces the alternating current of three-phase from direct current direct current one side feed-in or that pass through converter generation itself.Thus, this device also can be used as the alternating current that is used for three-phase naturally and is transformed to galvanic current transformer and use conversely.
Fig. 5 shows the converter of the parallel circuits that has phase element 27,28,29, utilizes its realization to compare higher transmission current with the series circuit of Fig. 4.Phase element in this embodiment for example by means of coil 36,37,38 and 36 ', 37 ', 38 ' be connected with bipolar DC circuit, on this DC circuit, can connect transfer wire, cable, GIL or their combination in any.
Another that schematically shows the equipment 39 that is used for electric energy transmitting in Fig. 6 is according to embodiments of the invention.This equipment comprises converter 40, and it is connected on the transfer wire 41 of transmission network, and wherein, converter 40 direct currents one side is connected with capacitor 52 and an optional direct voltage source 42.Transfer wire 41 is a part that has the power supply grid of load connector as transmission network.
Except other is used to regulate the device of shown present device, control and regulon 43 are used for controlling and regulating this converter, the measurement alternating current I that will be gathered by means of current measuring unit 44
ACWith the measurement alternating voltage U that is obtained by means of voltage measurement unit 45
ACBe transferred to this control and regulon, and compare with the rated value of being scheduled to therein, so that the alternating current of and phase matched ground control transmission lead 41 dynamic by means of suitable control method.To be pointed out that once more that at this notion alternating current comprises the variation of time arbitrarily that is loaded into as the voltage on the transfer wire 41 of transmission network, and be not limited to the change in voltage of sinusoidal form or harmonic wave.
As current transformer shown in Figure 14,6 or as at the converter shown in Fig. 4 or Fig. 5, converter 40 has the phase element that does not illustrate in the drawings.Other has retaining element and the parts that are used to compensate 48,49 of the power semiconductor 50,51 that can insert or control similarly are connected with transfer wire 41.The passive assembly of the parts 48,49 that are used to compensate can be made up of coil, capacitor, resistance and discharger and/or same discrete component.For example, for parts 49 resistance is installed and is had advantage, thereby realized being used to offset the access of the active power overshoot on transfer wire 41 or the damping resistance of control.This active power overshoot may disconnection be connected on the transfer wire 41 load or
Cause the overvoltage that is harmful to during equipment.
What have advantage is that parts 49 have at least one discharger.Can realize that by this discharger setting correspondent voltage reduces.Being connected of the transfer wire 41 of converter 40 and the parts 48,49 that are used to compensate and leggy, can be by transformer 47 or by impedance or directly carry out.This compensation and control element itself are known as FACTS.In the equipment of the present invention shown here, will be linked on one's own initiative on the transfer wire 41 at the alternating current that converter 40 is produced.At this,, make and the signal that is coupled into can be adapted according to careful classification and transmission requirement according to transmission requirement control converter 40.For example also can adopting, the mechanical switch of power switch replaces power semiconductor 50,51.At this, by having realized known FACTS itself according to equipment of the present invention, for example static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), the unified power flow controller (UPFC) under the situation that is coupled in series to static series compensator (S3C) synchronously under the situation of transmission network or and series coupled in parallel in combination.
In the equipment shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, within the scope of the invention, different with the transfer wire 41 of shown three phase place AC network or three phase places, also can be connected with the AC network or the transfer wire of single-phase, quarter-phase or leggy by means of each suitable jockey.
In addition, not only be suitable in the shown there bridgt circuit, but also be suitable in having the distortion that has according to the converter of the H circuit of Fig. 4, Fig. 5, being used for known according to the equipment of Fig. 1 according to special mode
The multiple terminals operation, that is, be used to have the high voltage direct current transmission of three or more converter, wherein, these converters are by means of being embodied as cable or being interconnected by the transfer wire of gas isolated transfer wire, perhaps directly interconnect constituting under the so-called short condition that connects.
The circuit arrangement shown in Fig. 19,9 ' capacitor, according to the capacitor 26 of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, according to the capacitor 33,34,35 of Fig. 4 and the capacitor that comprises capacitor 52 of Fig. 6, can at random make up with for example energy accumulator of flywheel, battery, super capacitor or the like, perhaps can substitute by these energy accumulators.For this reason, with energy accumulator and described capacitor is provided with in parallel or substitute described capacitor.The layout that energy accumulator is concentrated on the space in the public parts (for example at circuit arrangement 9) and the layout (that is the spatial distribution on different parts) of distribution all are possible.
Reference numerals list
1
Equipment
2,3 AC networks
4 first current transformers
5 transmission cables
6 second current transformers
7,7 ' inner lead
8,8 ' foreskin conductor
9,9 ' circuit arrangement
10,11,12 phase elements
10a...10i switch element
11a...11i switch element
12a...12i switch element
10a ' ... 10i ' switch element
11a ' ... 11i ' switch element
12a ' ... 12i ' switch element
13,14,15 phase elements
13a...13i switch element
14a...14i switch element
15a...15i switch element
16,16 ' voltage changer
17,17 ' power pack
18,19 regulons
20,21 joints
22,23 power semiconductors
24,25 diodes
26 capacitors
27,28,29 phase elements
30,31,32 phase place joints
33,34,35 capacitors
36,37,38 coils
36 ', 37 ', 38 ' coil
39 are used for the system of electric energy transmitting
40 converters
41 transfer wires
42 energy storing devices
43 control and regulons
44 current measuring units
45 voltage measurement units
46 coils
47 transformers
48,49 parts that are used to compensate
50,51 controllable silicons
52 capacitors
Claims (21)
1. equipment (1,39) that is used for electric energy transmitting, this equipment comprises at least one converter (4,6,40), wherein, each converter (4,6,40) has and has respectively by switch element (10a...10i, 11a...11i, 12a...12i, 13a...13i, 14a...14i, 15a...15i, 10a ' ... 10i ', 11a ' ... 11i ', 12a ' ... 12i ') phase element (10,11 of the device of forming, 12,13,14,15,27,28,29), these switch elements comprise at least two power semiconductors that can disconnect (22,23) and at least two idle running diodes (24 in parallel with described power semiconductor respectively respectively, 25) and energy storing device (26)
It is characterized in that: this equipment is useful on the device (16 of regulating converter, 17,18,19,43,44,45), feasible zero phase angle, amplitude and/or the instantaneous value that can control the alternating current of the transmission network that can be connected with this equipment, and/or can control the direct voltage and the direct current of the direct current lead that at least one converter is connected with direct voltage source, and/or can control the direct voltage and the direct current of at least three interconnective converters (4,6,40).
2. equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, phase element (10,11,12,13,14,15) described switch element (10a...10i, 11a...11i, 12a...12i, 13a...13i, 14a...14i, 15a...15i) be connected in series, wherein, the described switch element (10a...10i of even number is set, 11a...11i, 12a...12i, 13a...13i, 14a...14i, 15a...15i), and load connector or network joint are arranged on the centre of the series circuit of this switch element.
3. equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described phase element (27,28,29) has two parallel branches respectively, and described parallel branch has the even number switch element of series connection respectively.
4. equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that at least two parallel branches interconnect by means of Transformer Winding.
5. equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that, at least two parallel branches connect mutual electric current ground by a parallel branch and connect.
6. according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that a plurality of phase elements of converter (27,28,29) connection parallel with one another.
7. according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that a plurality of phase elements (27,28,29) are connected in series mutually.
8. according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, energy storing device (33,34,35) is set in parallel with described phase element (27,28,29).
9. according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that each phase element (10,11,12,13,14,15,27,28,29) has at least one impedance (36,37,38,36 ', 37 ', 38 '), perhaps by an impedance (36,37,38,36 ', 37 ', 38 ') be connected with another phase element.
10. according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that at least one converter (4,6,40) can be connected in parallel with transmission network (41) or with direct current lead (5).
11., it is characterized in that at least one converter (4,6,40) can be connected in series with transmission network (41) or with direct current lead (5) according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 10.
12., it is characterized in that described direct voltage source is second converter according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 11.
13., it is characterized in that described direct current lead (5) is gas isolated transfer wire, cable and/or overhead wire at least in part according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 12.
14., it is characterized in that one of described converter (4,6,40) has the power semiconductor of line commutated according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 13.
15., it is characterized in that described direct current lead (5) is one pole or bipolar according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 14.
16., it is characterized in that described direct current lead (5) is impedance according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 10.
17., it is characterized in that described switch element another diode at least that is connected in parallel according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 16.
18., it is characterized in that described transmission network has one or more phase places according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 17.
19., it is characterized in that described energy storing device is capacitor (9,9 ', 26,33,34,35,52) at least in part according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 18.
20., it is characterized in that each converter (4,6,40) is connected with described direct current lead (5) by means of energy accumulator according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 19.
21. a system that guides alternating current comprises according to each described equipment in the claim 1 to 18 and transmission network with at least one phase place.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005800515242A CN101258670A (en) | 2005-09-09 | 2005-09-09 | Equipment used for transferring electric energy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005800515242A CN101258670A (en) | 2005-09-09 | 2005-09-09 | Equipment used for transferring electric energy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101258670A true CN101258670A (en) | 2008-09-03 |
Family
ID=39892324
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005800515242A Pending CN101258670A (en) | 2005-09-09 | 2005-09-09 | Equipment used for transferring electric energy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101258670A (en) |
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Application publication date: 20080903 |