CN101237434B - A soft judgement method for Graham M-PSK modulation - Google Patents
A soft judgement method for Graham M-PSK modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101237434B CN101237434B CN2008100449138A CN200810044913A CN101237434B CN 101237434 B CN101237434 B CN 101237434B CN 2008100449138 A CN2008100449138 A CN 2008100449138A CN 200810044913 A CN200810044913 A CN 200810044913A CN 101237434 B CN101237434 B CN 101237434B
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- bit
- constellation point
- likelihood ratio
- hard decision
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Abstract
The invention provides a soft demodulation algorithm with low complexity for high price gray code mapping M-PSK demodulation, consisting of a balancing procedure, a channel estimation procedure, a balancing procedure on a received signal r, a hard decision procedure, a bit likelihood ratio calculation procedure and a coding procedure. The soft demodulation algorithm is characterized in that the method for calculating the bit likelihood ratio is easier to realize compared with the prior constellation search method and greatly decreases the calculated mount.
Description
Technical field
This invention belongs to the modulation field of radio communication.
Background technology
Along with the quick increase of wireless communication user, how to improve the main target that the availability of frequency spectrum has become the design wireless communication system.
Gray mappings M-PSK (multi-system phase shift keying) modulation is widely used in the radio digital communication system owing to the availability of frequency spectrum is high.Wherein, what the modulation constellation that gray mappings representative is adopted was carried out is Gray code, thereby can guarantee to have only a bit symbols difference between any two adjacent constellation point, thus can with communication system that efficient coding and decoding combines in effectively improve systematic function.
In wireless system with FEC (forward error correction), the relative hard decision demodulation method of soft decision demodulation method can provide bigger performance improvement, see document: F.Tosato and P.Bisaglia; " Simplifed soft-output demapper for binary interleavedCOFDM with application to HIPERLAN/2; " in proc.IEEE ICC ' 02,2002, pp, 664-668.
In sum, in the transmitting terminal use gray mappings M-PSK of wireless communication system modulation, use the wireless modulation-demodulation technology of soft decision demodulation to be used widely at receiving terminal simultaneously.
Traditional soft demodulation decision method is as follows: received signal r can represent as the formula (1) usually.
r=ax+n (1)
Wherein x transmits, and it belongs to the constellation point S set={ s of gray mappings M-PSK modulation
1, s
2... s
M, wherein M represents the exponent number of modulation, and a is a channel gain, and n is that average is 0, and variance is σ
2Additive white Gaussian noise.Each constellation point s
iRepresent k=log
2The information of M bit is designated as: b
0, b
1..., b
K-1
According to document M.M.Wang, Weimin Xiao, and T.Brown, " Soft decision metric for QAM withchannel estimation error. " IEEE trans, Commun, vol.50.pp.1058-1061.July 2002.I bit b among the received signal r
iThe bit likelihood ratio can be expressed as:
LLR (b wherein
i) expression b
iThe bit likelihood ratio, s
i -Represent that i bit is 0 and from the nearest constellation point of r/a, s
i +Represent that the i bit is 1 and from the nearest constellation point of r/a, σ
2It is the noise power of received signal.
According to formula (2), calculate bit likelihood ratio LLR (b
i) that will seek is s
i -And s
i +Suppose to use s
*The constellation point that expression is determined by hard decision, s so
*Be the nearest constellation point of M-PSK planisphere middle distance r/a, obviously, if s
*I bit be 0, then
If s
*I bit be 1, then
Like this, in traditional soft demodulating method, s
i -And s
i +One of them can obtain by hard decision, but another need among the searching for constellation figure have a few and could obtain, for high order modulation, its amount of calculation is very big.
Summary of the invention
At in the traditional soft demodulation method, calculating bit likelihood ratio LLR (b
i) time, because s
i -Or s
i +Need among the searching for constellation figure have a few and could obtain, thus for high order modulation, the problem that its amount of calculation is very big the invention provides the low complexity soft demodulating algorithm that a kind of high-order Gray code mapping M-PSK modulates, and comprises transmitting terminal processing procedure and receiving terminal processing procedure.
Transmitting terminal processing procedure such as following step are finished:
Step 1: the binary data to input is encoded, to reduce the random and burst error that it may occur in transmission course.
Step 2: the data behind the coding are carried out gray mappings M-PSK modulation obtain sending signal x ∈ S.
Receiving terminal processing procedure following steps are to received signal finished:
Step 3: channel estimating.According to certain estimation criterion, from received signal r, carry out channel estimating, for next step equilibrium provides condition.
Step 4: channel equalization is eliminated and is disturbed.The estimation channel that obtains according to step 3 r to received signal carries out equilibrium, in the hope of eliminating channel to sending the interference that signal x is caused, obtains the signal after the equilibrium
Step 5: hard decision.Right
Carry out hard decision, obtain the hard decision constellation point
B wherein
i *(i=0,1,2...k-1) expression s
*I bit.
Step 6: the received signal after the calculating equilibrium
The 0th bit b
0Bit likelihood ratio LLR (b
0), concrete steps are as follows:
Substep 1: resultant bit b behind the judgement hard decision
0 *,
If ●
Then order
And make constellation point s
0 +The 0th bit get 1, s
0 +The 1st bit and hard decision constellation point s
*The 1st bit identical, s
0 +All the other bits be 0 entirely, promptly
If ●
Then
Constellation point s
0 -The 0th bit get 0, s
0 -The 1st bit and hard decision constellation point s
*The 1st bit is identical, s
0 -All the other bits be 0 entirely, promptly
Substep 2: with substep 1 resulting s
0 -With s
0 +Substitution formula (3) calculates the signal after the equilibrium
The likelihood ratio of the 0th bit:
Step 7: the signal after the calculating equilibrium
All the other bit b
i(i=1,2..., likelihood ratio LLR (b k-1)
i) method is:
Substep 1: the b that calculates gained in the decision steps 5
i *,
If ●
Then order
And make constellation point s
i +The the 0th to i-1 bit and hard decision constellation point s
*The the 0th to i-1 bit equate that i bit is that 1, an i+1 bit is 1, all the other bits are 0 entirely, promptly
If ●
Then order
And make constellation point s
i -The the 0th to i-1 bit and hard decision constellation point s
*The the 0th to i-1 bit equate that i bit is that 0, an i+1 bit is 1, all the other bits are 0 entirely, promptly
Substep 2: with s
i -With s
i +Substitution formula (4) calculates
In i bit b
iThe bit likelihood ratio:
Step 8: utilize the bit likelihood ratio of each bit that step 6 and step 7 calculate, decipher, then the data after the output decoding.
Need to prove:
1) the gray mappings M-PSK modulator approach in the step 2 must adopt 3GPP predetermined rule in TR 25.848 V4.0.0 standards, as shown in Figure 2; Details are seen TR 25.848 V4.0.0;
2) simplification of received signal correspondence was declared algorithm firmly and is seen document under gray mappings M-PSK modulated in the step 5: " C.K; Yuen; A fast analog to gray code converter; " in Proceedings of the IEEE, vol.65, pp.1510-1511, Oct.1977 utilizes this algorithm can reduce the hard decision complexity of gray mappings M-PSK modulation effectively.
Essence of the present invention and effect:
Essence of the present invention is: determine s with the hard decision method
i -With s
i +After in the symbol one of them, just can be according to s
i -With s
i +Between internal relation directly determine s
i -With s
i +In the another one symbol, calculate the likelihood ratio LLR (b of each bit of received signal then
i), thereby avoided complicated planisphere search procedure.Therefore, this algorithm can reduce the complexity of soft demodulation effectively, is convenient to hardware and realizes, reduces hardware cost simultaneously, makes it to be used widely in following high-speed mobile communication system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is LLR (b of the present invention
i) realization flow that calculates.
Fig. 2 is the 16-PSK gray mappings planisphere of 3GPP regulation.
Provide the implementation method of a concrete this patent below, need to prove: the parameter in the following example does not influence the generality of this patent.
Make a start
It is 300 that input signal carries out code length, and code check carries out gray mappings after being 1/2 LDPC coding, carries out the 16-PSK modulation then, after the signal power normalization after will modulating again through wireless channel.
As shown in Figure 2, M=16 here, k=4.
Receiving end
Carry out channel estimating, equilibrium to received signal successively, obtain the signal after equilibrium
Right
Declare firmly and obtain hard decision constellation point s
*Method according to step 7 and step 8 in the summary of the invention is calculated reception
The bit likelihood ratio of each bit.After at last the bit likelihood ratio of received signal being delivered to decoding module decoding, obtain judgement output.
Claims (1)
1. the soft decision method of gray mappings M-PSK modulation, the rule of 3GPP at TR 25.848 V4.0.0 adopted in this gray mappings M-PSK modulation, this method is characterized in that: obtain constellation point at hard decision by channel estimating, r carries out equilibrium, hard decision, calculating bit likelihood ratio, decode procedure and forms to received signal
Afterwards, the method for calculating bit likelihood ratio is:
Step 1: the received signal after the calculating equilibrium
The 0th bit b
0Bit likelihood ratio LLR (b
0), concrete steps are as follows:
Substep 1-1: resulting bit b behind the judgement hard decision
0 *,
If ●
Then order
And make constellation point s
0 +The 0th bit get 1, s
0 +The 1st bit and the constellation point s that obtains of hard decision
*The 1st bit identical, s
0 +All the other bits be 0 entirely, promptly
If ●
Then
Constellation point s
0 -The 0th bit get 0, s
0 -The 1st bit and the constellation point s that obtains of hard decision
*The 1st bit is identical, s
0 -All the other bits be 0 entirely, promptly
Substep 1-2: with the resulting s of substep 1-1
0 -With s
0 +Substitution formula (1) calculates received signal
The likelihood ratio of the 0th bit:
Step 2: calculate received signal
All the other bit b
i(i=1,2..., bit likelihood ratio LLR (b k-1)
i) method is:
Substep 2-1: resulting b behind the judgement hard decision
i *,
If ●
Then order
And make constellation point s
i +The the 0th to i-1 bit and the constellation point s that obtains of hard decision
*The the 0th to i-1 bit equate that i bit is that 1, an i+1 bit is 1, all the other bits are 0 entirely, promptly
If ●
Then order
, and make constellation point s
i -The the 0th to i-1 bit and the constellation point s that obtains of hard decision
*The the 0th to i-1 bit equate that i bit is that 0, an i+1 bit is 1, all the other bits are 0 entirely, promptly
Substep 2-2: with the resulting s of substep 2-1
i -With s
i +Substitution formula (2) calculates
In i bit b
iThe bit likelihood ratio:
Step 3: utilize the bit likelihood ratio of each bit that step 1 and step 2 calculate, decipher, then the data after the output decoding.
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CN103618585B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-12-31 | 清华大学 | A joint multi-user detecting and decoding method based on a belief propagation algorithm |
EP3113436B1 (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2020-03-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Soft decision value generation apparatus and soft decision value generation method |
CN105099974B (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2018-03-09 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | A kind of spatial modulation soft decision detection method of low complex degree |
CN109995691A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 晨星半导体股份有限公司 | Reception device and logarithm, which are generally spent, compares production method |
CN113055319B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-02-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Signal equalization method and device |
CN114448767B (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2024-04-23 | 成都中科微信息技术研究院有限公司 | Low-complexity channel equalization and soft demodulation method suitable for single stream transmission |
Citations (4)
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CN1710898A (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2005-12-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | Modulation and demodulation method for continuous phase signals |
US7142610B1 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2006-11-28 | The Aerospace Corporation | M-Ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) bit-boundary turbo coded system |
CN1898925A (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2007-01-17 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Fast soft value computation methods for gray-mapped qam |
CN101053195A (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2007-10-10 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Method and transmitter structure removing phase ambiguity by repetition rearrangement |
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US7142610B1 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2006-11-28 | The Aerospace Corporation | M-Ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) bit-boundary turbo coded system |
CN1898925A (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2007-01-17 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Fast soft value computation methods for gray-mapped qam |
CN101053195A (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2007-10-10 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Method and transmitter structure removing phase ambiguity by repetition rearrangement |
CN1710898A (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2005-12-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | Modulation and demodulation method for continuous phase signals |
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JP特开平9-181785A 1997.07.11 |
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