CN101232444B - Apparatus and method for solving hash collision and exchange equipment with the same - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for solving hash collision and exchange equipment with the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101232444B CN101232444B CN2008100043497A CN200810004349A CN101232444B CN 101232444 B CN101232444 B CN 101232444B CN 2008100043497 A CN2008100043497 A CN 2008100043497A CN 200810004349 A CN200810004349 A CN 200810004349A CN 101232444 B CN101232444 B CN 101232444B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Hash collision solution method, which includes the following steps of detecting Hash collision of a MAC address during learning process of the MAC address; storing the collision MAC address in a collision MAC address table in a collision table module except for an address table module; and carrying out unicast wire-speed forwarding of a message with a target address as a collision MAC address according to the collision MAC address through a manner of issuing a redirection ACL rule to each port. A Hash collision solution device and an exchange device including the same are further provided. Owing to the Hash collision solution method of the invention, the message with the target address as the collision MAC address can be unicast wire-speed forwarded so as to improve utilization ratio of port band width.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of communication technology, especially with a kind of MAC (media Access Control, medium access control) address Hash (HASH) contention resolution, install and to have a switching equipment of this device relevant.
Background technology
Switch is through the source MAC study to message; Set up one and comprise SA (Source Address; Source MAC), the transmitting of VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network, VLAN) ID, Port (port), and realize that according to this table clean culture of message transmits.The structure store M AC address of mac address table original adoption sequence list, as shown in table 1, change at mac address table like this, i.e. when interpolation or deletion MAC Address, because will keep the order of mac address table, moving of list item can appear in mac address table.When the mac address table capacity was big, because the complexity that list item moves and searches, efficient was lower.
Table 1
| MAC1 | MAC2 | MAC3 | MACn-1 | MACn |
Exchange chip afterwards, mac address table adopt the Hash table structure to store.At first, confirm the degree of depth of hash, use the degree of depth of the capacity of whole M AC address table again, obtained the number of the hash of needs divided by hash.Each hash has own unique numbering, and still the mode of employing order is stored in the inside of hash.When carrying out MAC address learning, can use certain algorithm according to SA and VLAN ID, obtain the numbering of hash, and be stored in MAC Address in this bucket.Can improve the efficient that MAC Address adds, deletes and search so greatly, but also produce the problem of a hash-collision simultaneously.As shown in table 2, Bucket-1 is full, and other are mapped to the MAC Address of this barrel so, just can not store like MAC1-5, though still have free space in other the hash at this moment.
Table 2
As shown in Figure 1, in the prior art, carry out the flow process that message is transmitted through MAC address learning, be that the message of MAC-A is an example to receive SA from port one, comprise and carry out following steps successively:
Step S10: receive message from port one;
Step S20: the source address MAC-A that at first parses message;
Step S30: carry out MAC address learning based on SA;
Step S40: MAC-A is carried out hash calculation or hash calculation is carried out in the combination of MAC-A and its relevant information (like VLAN ID);
Step S50: judge whether to take place hash-collision; As hash-collision takes place then carry out step S70; As hash-collision does not take place, then carry out step S80;
Step S70: because hash-collision takes place, so can not make an addition to mac address table to MAC-A, therefore, message is forwarded to all of the port in the VLAN with broadcast mode; Carry out the flow process end that message is transmitted through MAC address learning.
Step S80: make an addition to mac address table to MAC-A;
Step S90: destination address is that MAC-A is forwarded to port one with mode of unicast; Carry out the flow process end that message is transmitted through MAC address learning;
Can find out by above-mentioned flow process; When carrying out MAC address learning; If find that the hash that this MAC Address is mapped to is full, though in the mac address table free space is arranged still so, this MAC Address still can not be stored; Causing with this MAC Address is that the message of DA is broadcasted in VLAN, takies the effective bandwidth of other ports.Under worst case, all MAC Addresss are mapped in the same hash in the network, can broadcast in the VLAN that a large amount of unknown unicast message of appearance causes in network, cause the significant wastage of the network bandwidth.
Summary of the invention
During to the appearance MAC Address hash-collision that exists in the prior art; Destination address can not carry out the problem that clean culture is transmitted for the unicast message of conflict MAC Address; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for solving hash collision; Do not need the extra support of exchange chip hardware, realize being the clean culture surface speed forwarding of the message of destination address with the conflict MAC Address.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hash-collision solving device of realizing MAC Address method for solving hash collision of the present invention.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of switching equipment with hash-collision solving device of the present invention.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of method for solving hash collision may further comprise the steps:
Step S100: in the process of MAC address learning, the MAC Address of learning carried out the detection of MAC Address hash-collision;
Step S200: when detecting hash-collision, the conflict MAC Address that hash-collision takes place is stored in the conflict mac address table in the collision table module beyond the address table module;
Step S300: issue redirected access control list (ACL) regulations according to conflict mac address table configuration and to each port, receiving when being the message of destination address with conflict MAC, the access control list (ACL) regulations according to configuration carries out the clean culture surface speed forwarding to message.
Method for solving hash collision of the present invention wherein, before step S100, also is included in the step of setting up the conflict mac address table in the collision table module, and the conflict mac address table is used to preserve the source port information and the vlan information of conflict MAC Address.
Method for solving hash collision of the present invention wherein, in step S100, detects said hash-collision through the interrupt notification that receives the generation hash-collision that exchange chip sends.
Method for solving hash collision of the present invention, wherein, step S200 comprises that also the MAC Address that does not detect hash-collision is stored in the mac address table of address table module;
Step S300 also comprises, receiving when being the message of destination address with the MAC Address in the mac address table, according to mac address table, message carried out the clean culture surface speed forwarding.
A kind of hash-collision solving device of realizing method for solving hash collision of the present invention comprises control module, is used for the collision table module of collision detection module, establishment and maintenance conflict mac address table that the MAC Address hash-collision detects and is used to receive and dispatch the transceiver module of message;
Said control module is transmitted in said collision detection module with the MAC Address of learning in the MAC address learning process and carries out the detection of MAC Address hash-collision; And the MAC Address that hash-collision takes place for collision detection module report is transmitted in the collision table module stores; Said control module also comprises the forwarding control unit; Said forwarding control unit disposes the access control list (ACL) regulations of said transceiver module according to said conflict mac address table, said transceiver module according to said access control list (ACL) regulations to being that the message of destination address carries out the clean culture surface speed forwarding with conflict MAC.
Hash-collision solving device of the present invention; Wherein, Said collision detection module also comprises the interrupt response unit; Said interrupt response unit is used to receive and identify the interrupt notification of the generation hash-collision that exchange chip sends, and after said collision detection module receives said interrupt notification, to said control module report hash-collision takes place.
Hash-collision solving device of the present invention, wherein, said hash-collision solving device also comprises the address table module, the mac address table of its maintenance is used to preserve the MAC Address that does not detect hash-collision;
Said control module is controlled said transceiver module receiving when being the message of destination address with the MAC Address in the mac address table, according to mac address table message is carried out the clean culture surface speed forwarding.
Switching equipment of the present invention has hash-collision solving device of the present invention.
Can know by technique scheme; The present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention is through detecting and preserve the MAC Address that hash-collision takes place; And realize to destination address being the clean culture surface speed forwarding of the message of conflict MAC Address, and do not need the extra support of exchange chip hardware.The present invention has also improved the utilance of port bandwidth, avoids because the unknown unicast flow that the failure of hash-collision MAC address learning causes takies network effective bandwidth.
Through accompanying drawing and embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is done further detailed description below.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is prior art MAC address learning and message forwarding process figure;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the MAC Address method for solving hash collision of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that message is transmitted in the MAC Address method for solving hash collision of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the MAC Address hash-collision solving device modular structure figure of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the MAC Address hash-collision solving device modular structure figure of second embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing and specific embodiment that the present invention is described further below.
The present invention can detect the MAC Address hash-collision, and sets up the conflict mac address table in the collision table module beyond the address table module and preserve the conflict MAC Address, can carry out the clean culture surface speed forwarding for the message of conflict MAC to DA simultaneously.
Method for solving hash collision of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Step S100: in the process of MAC address learning, the MAC Address of learning carried out the detection of MAC Address hash-collision;
Step S200: when detecting hash-collision, the conflict MAC Address that hash-collision takes place is stored in the conflict mac address table in the collision table module beyond the address table module;
Step S300:,, message is carried out the clean culture surface speed forwarding according to the conflict mac address table receiving with conflict MAC when being the message of destination address.
In the prior art, MAC address learning is accomplished by hardware usually, does not need software to participate in.Therefore, when producing hash-collision, can't carry out particular processing to the MAC Address of hash-collision.Method for solving hash collision of the present invention; In the process of the study of MAC Address, the MAC Address of learning is carried out the detection of MAC Address hash-collision; Can detect hash-collision by method for solving hash collision of the present invention, specifically can realize through two kinds of methods of following two embodiment:
The method for solving hash collision of first embodiment of the invention uses software mode to carry out MAC address learning, with the MAC Address of learning in the process that mac address table adds, detect the hash-collision of MAC Address.For example call exchange chip to the whether full function of mac address table storage, detect hash-collision.If a certain MAC Address of learning; In the process of adding toward a certain hash of address table; Function return value shows that this hash is full, explains that then this MAC Address is the conflict MAC Address, thereby makes CPU when hash-collision takes place, can in time detect hash-collision; And set up the conflict mac address table, the collisions MAC Address is stored.
Method for solving hash collision of the present invention, in the process of MAC address learning, the MAC Address that does not detect hash-collision is stored in the mac address table of address table module; Receiving when being the message of destination address,, message is carried out the clean culture surface speed forwarding according to mac address table with the MAC Address in the mac address table.When detecting the conflict MAC Address that hash-collision takes place, the conflict MAC Address is kept at the conflict mac address table in the collision table module beyond the mac address table module, conflict mac address table simulation mac address table; When carrying out the message forwarding according to MAC Address, inquiry mac address table and conflict mac address table carry out message and transmit.The conflict mac address table does not take the resource of mac address table.The table length of conflict mac address table can be confirmed according to actual conditions.The method for solving hash collision of first embodiment of the invention also is included in the step of the establishment of the mac address table that conflicts in the collision table module before the step S100.To guarantee enough and stable space being arranged to guarantee the storage of conflict MAC Address.
The method for solving hash collision of second embodiment of the invention in step S100, detects said hash-collision through the interrupt notification that receives the generation hash-collision that exchange chip sends.Carry out in the process of address learning at exchange chip; When producing hash-collision, through interrupt service routine, produce the interruption that hash-collision has taken place in expression by exchange chip; Through receiving and identifying expression the interruption of hash-collision having taken place, has carried out the detection of hash-collision.The method for solving hash collision of second embodiment of the invention requires exchange chip when hash-collision takes place, to produce and interrupts, and needs to rely on exchange chip and gives notice through the mode of interrupting when hash-collision takes place and realize.
After detecting the hash-collision generation, preserve the MAC Address of hash-collision by the conflict mac address table of having set up.After detecting hash-collision, use the MAC Address of the mac address table preservation hash-collision of table 3 form.In this table, need write down source port information and the vlan information of SA at least, as the foundation of transmitting for the message of conflict MAC Address.In the conflict mac address table, can also preserve about other forwarding attributes of this MAC Address or the maintenance information of this MAC Address.The conflict mac address table can adopt identical structure with mac address table, and it can be that preface is stored according to MAC Address, also can store in proper order according to the interpolation of conflict MAC Address.
The method for solving hash collision of the embodiment of the invention, as described in Table 3, according to the hash-collision mac address information that the conflict mac address table is preserved, realize destination address is carried out the clean culture surface speed forwarding for the message of conflict MAC Address.Method for solving hash collision of the present invention; Its collision table module is actually a kind of hardware module; ACL module for example when it is the ACL module, is to realize target MAC (Media Access Control) address is carried out the clean culture surface speed forwarding for the message of conflict MAC Address through issuing the mode that is redirected acl rule.
In the method for solving hash collision of the embodiment of the invention, realize above-mentioned clean culture surface speed forwarding through issuing the mode that is redirected ACL (Access Control list, ACL) rule.Specifically; Acl rule according to conflict mac address table configuration exchange chip; Other all of the ports to except that source port issue said acl rule; The message that each port of switching equipment can be found at the conflict mac address table for target MAC (Media Access Control) address and VLAN id information, directly surface speed forwarding realizes the clean culture surface speed forwarding to message to the list item corresponding port.Method for solving hash collision of the present invention also can use other modes to realize the clean culture surface speed forwarding of destination address for the message of conflict MAC Address.
For issuing redirected acl rule, the ACL module can decide how to handle message according to message characteristic, and it belongs to hardware resource with mac address table, but adheres to different hardware modules separately.
To with conflict MAC being the message of DA when transmitting, can increase redirected acl rule, for the message that purpose MAC and the two combination of VLAN ID can find, be forwarded to the port of appointment in the HASH collision table.
Table 3
| MAC Address | VLAN?ID | Port numbers |
| 00:e0:fc:00:00:01 | 1 | 14 |
| 00:e0:fc:00:00:02 | 2 | 15 |
| 00:e0:fc:00:00:03 | 3 | 16 |
With first list item of table 3 is example, HASH conflict list item hereto, and can issue an acl rule: all DA=00:e0:fc:00:00:01, and the message of VLAN ID=1 is forwarded to port one 4.
Behind the switching equipment such as message entering switch, can experience the processing of a plurality of hardware modules.Generally speaking, can be introduced into the module of mac address table, get into the ACL module again.For being the message of DA, in mac address table, can find corresponding list item, and transmit like this according to the list item middle port information of mac address table with common MAC (no HASH conflict); For being the message of DA, can search failure at mac address table, and then continue to get into the ACL module with HASH conflict MAC; Find the acl rule (being redirected ACL) of coupling; And being forwarded to the port of appointment according to rule, the performance of forwarding is the same with the MAC module, all is that hardware is transmitted.
To sum up, use such scheme for realizing the hardware surface speed forwarding as the message of DA with the MAC Address of all types (conflict and non-conflict).
As shown in Figure 2; Hash-collision detection method of the present invention can be refined as step S100-S140 with step S100, and step S200 comprises step S210 and the step S220 that carries out respectively; Step S300 comprises step S310 and step S320; To receive SA from port one is that the message of MAC-A is an example, and the method for solving hash collision of the first embodiment of the invention and second embodiment includes and carries out following steps successively:
Step S110: receive message from port one;
Step S120: the source address MAC-A that parses message;
Step S130: carry out MAC address learning;
Step S140: the MAC Address of learning is carried out the MAC Address hash-collision detect; Then carry out step S210 like this MAC Address generation hash-collision; As hash-collision does not take place, then carry out step S220;
Step S210: make an addition to the conflict mac address table to MAC-A; Change step S310 over to;
Step S220: make an addition to mac address table to MAC-A; Change step S320 over to;
Step S310: disposing and issue redirected acl rule, is destination address that the message redirecting of MAC-A is to port one; Change step S320 over to;
Step S320: destination address is that the message of MAC-A is forwarded to port one with mode of unicast; Carry out the flow process end that message is transmitted through MAC address learning;
As shown in Figure 3, step S320 can further be refined as step S321-S327, and the flow process that promptly message is transmitted in the MAC Address method for solving hash collision of the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps:
Step S321: receive and wait to E-Packet;
Step S322: extract destination address to be E-Packeted and VLAN ID;
Step S323: coupling mac address table.Promptly search the list item that has or not this destination address and the two combination of VLAN ID in the mac address table; If mate successfully execution in step S324; If coupling is unsuccessful, execution in step S325;
Step S324: press mac address table this message clean culture is transmitted; The message forwarding process finishes;
Step S325: get into the ACL module;
Step S326: search the corresponding acl rule of this destination address;
Step S327: according to the acl rule that finds, with the port of this message clean culture surface speed forwarding appointment in the rule; The message forwarding process finishes.
Can find out by above-mentioned flow process, method for solving hash collision of the present invention, can not cause with the conflict MAC Address is that the message of target MAC (Media Access Control) address is broadcasted in VLAN, and then can not take the effective bandwidth of other ports.Reduced greatly in the VLAN that a large amount of unknown unicast message of appearance causes in network and broadcasted, avoided the waste of the network bandwidth.
Realize the hash-collision solving device of the present invention of method for solving hash collision of the present invention, comprise control module, be used for the collision table module of collision detection module, establishment and maintenance conflict mac address table that the MAC Address hash-collision detects and be used to receive and dispatch the transceiver module of message;
Said control module is transmitted in said collision detection module with the MAC Address of learning in the MAC address learning process and carries out the detection of MAC Address hash-collision; And the MAC Address that hash-collision takes place for collision detection module report is transmitted in the collision table module stores; And control said transceiver module according to said conflict mac address table to the conflict MAC be the message clean culture surface speed forwarding of destination address.
As shown in Figure 4, the hash-collision solving device of first embodiment of the invention comprises control module, collision detection module, collision table module and establishment and safeguards the address table module of mac address table;
Said control module is transmitted in said collision detection module with the MAC Address of learning in the MAC address learning process and carries out the detection of MAC Address hash-collision; And the MAC Address that hash-collision takes place for collision detection module report is transmitted in the collision table module stores; And control said transceiver module according to said conflict mac address table to the conflict MAC be the message clean culture surface speed forwarding of destination address.
Control module comprises storage control unit and transmits control unit.
Said storage control module; In the process of MAC address learning,, be transmitted in the collision detection module and detect for the MAC Address of not learning that transceiver module transmits; And control said address table module, the MAC Address that hash-collision does not take place is stored in mac address table; Control said collision table module, the MAC Address that will conflict is stored in mac address table;
Said forwarding control unit is controlled said forwarding module, according to the said mac address table and the address table that conflicts, and the said message of clean culture surface speed forwarding;
Said Hash detection module; Realization is to the detection of MAC Address hash-collision, and the feedback of receiver address table module is for example worked as certain hash and is filled with; In the time of can not storing new MAC Address again; Return the full information of this hash to the Hash detection module, hash-collision takes place to the control module report in said Hash detection module, thereby realizes the detection to hash-collision.When hash-collision took place, storage control unit control hazard table module was stored in the MAC Address that hash-collision takes place the conflict mac address table of collision table module.
Said conflict mac address table need be preserved source port information and the vlan information of source address for the message of conflict MAC Address at least.In said conflict address table, can also preserve about other forwarding attributes of this MAC Address or the maintenance information of this MAC Address.
Said hash-collision solving device also comprises the address table module, and the mac address table of its maintenance is used to preserve the MAC Address that does not detect hash-collision; Said control module is controlled said transceiver module receiving when being the message of destination address with the MAC Address in the mac address table, according to mac address table message is carried out the clean culture surface speed forwarding.
Said transceiver module: comprise receiving element and retransmission unit; Said receiving element receives the MAC Address that exchange chip is learnt, and it is inputed to control module; Said retransmission unit; Receive the control command of said forwarding control module, to destination address be in the mac address table message by said conflict mac address table carry out the clean culture surface speed forwarding, to destination address for the conflict MAC Address message carry out the clean culture surface speed forwarding by said conflict mac address table.Said forwarding control unit disposes the acl rule of said transceiver module according to the conflict mac address table in the collision table module, and said transceiver module E-Packets according to said acl rule clean culture.Said forwarding control unit issues and is redirected acl rule and gives said retransmission unit, and said retransmission unit carries out clean culture surface speed forwarding to destination address for the message of conflict MAC Address according to said acl rule.
The hash-collision solving device of second embodiment of the invention; As shown in Figure 5; Its control module, transceiver module, address table module, collision table module are identical with the hash-collision solving device of first embodiment; Different is, said collision detection module also comprises the interrupt response unit, and said interrupt response unit is used to receive and identify the interrupt notification of the generation hash-collision that exchange chip sends; After said collision detection module receives said interrupt notification, to said control module report hash-collision takes place.
Hash-collision of the present invention detects checkout gear, can be applied to the switching equipment of message being transmitted through MAC address learning.
Switching equipment of the present invention has hash-collision checkout gear of the present invention.Switching equipment of the present invention both can be switch, router or other switching equipment.
Above-describedly be merely preferable possible embodiments of the present invention; Said embodiment is not in order to limit scope of patent protection of the present invention; Therefore the equivalent structure done of every utilization specification of the present invention and accompanying drawing content changes, and in like manner all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. method for solving hash collision may further comprise the steps:
Step S100: in the process of MAC address learning, the MAC Address of learning carried out the detection of MAC Address hash-collision;
Step S200: when detecting hash-collision, the conflict MAC Address that hash-collision takes place is stored in the conflict mac address table in the collision table module beyond the address table module;
Step S300: issue redirected access control list (ACL) regulations according to conflict mac address table configuration and to each port, receiving when being the message of destination address with conflict MAC, the access control list (ACL) regulations according to configuration carries out the clean culture surface speed forwarding to message.
2. method for solving hash collision as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Before step S100, also be included in the step of setting up the conflict mac address table in the collision table module, the conflict mac address table is used to preserve the source port information and the vlan information of conflict MAC Address.
3. method for solving hash collision as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in step S100, detects said hash-collision through the interrupt notification that receives the generation hash-collision that exchange chip sends.
4. method for solving hash collision as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, step S200 comprises that also the MAC Address that does not detect hash-collision is stored in the mac address table of address table module;
Step S300 also comprises, receiving when being the message of destination address with the MAC Address in the mac address table, according to mac address table, message carried out the clean culture surface speed forwarding.
5. hash-collision solving device of realizing the described method for solving hash collision of claim 1; It is characterized in that said hash-collision solving device comprises control module, be used for the collision table module of collision detection module, establishment and maintenance conflict mac address table that the MAC Address hash-collision detects and be used to receive and dispatch the transceiver module of message;
Said control module is transmitted in said collision detection module with the MAC Address of learning in the MAC address learning process and carries out the detection of MAC Address hash-collision; And the MAC Address that hash-collision takes place for collision detection module report is transmitted in the collision table module stores; Said control module also comprises the forwarding control unit; Said forwarding control unit disposes the access control list (ACL) regulations of said transceiver module according to said conflict mac address table, said transceiver module according to said access control list (ACL) regulations to being that the message of destination address carries out the clean culture surface speed forwarding with conflict MAC.
6. hash-collision solving device as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that: said collision detection module also comprises the interrupt response unit; Said interrupt response unit is used to receive and identify the interrupt notification of the generation hash-collision that exchange chip sends; After said collision detection module receives said interrupt notification, to said control module report hash-collision takes place.
7. hash-collision solving device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: said hash-collision solving device also comprises the address table module, and the mac address table of its maintenance is used to preserve the MAC Address that does not detect hash-collision;
Said control module is controlled said transceiver module receiving when being the message of destination address with the MAC Address in the mac address table, according to mac address table message is carried out the clean culture surface speed forwarding.
8. a switching equipment is characterized in that, has claim 5 or 6 described hash-collision solving devices.
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| CN101232444A (en) | 2008-07-30 |
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