CN101217313A - A fault diagnosis method applied OTDR passive optical network optical fiber - Google Patents
A fault diagnosis method applied OTDR passive optical network optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN101217313A CN101217313A CN 200810056072 CN200810056072A CN101217313A CN 101217313 A CN101217313 A CN 101217313A CN 200810056072 CN200810056072 CN 200810056072 CN 200810056072 A CN200810056072 A CN 200810056072A CN 101217313 A CN101217313 A CN 101217313A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a diagnosis method of optical fiber failures of a passive optical network that uses OTDR, and the method runs at a PON local end, judges whether optical fiber failures happen through a PON network management system, and simultaneously determines which branch of an optical circuit has failures; if the optical fiber failures exist, an OTDR testing unit is automatically started for implementing a servicing test of the PON system; the OTDR testing unit sends an out-of-band testing pulse, uses a Raman amplifier (being used for amplifying the testing pulse) and an adjustable narrowband optical band pass filter (having the bandwidth larger than that of the testing pulse and being used for filtering out-of-band noise) for implementing the waveform processing of the OTDR testing, and determines failure positions by combining initial testing waveform (being measured in a network initial creation time). The invention extends the diagnosis proposals of optical fiber failures of the passive optical network, implements the servicing failure diagnosis of a local end that uses OTDR, and only needs to implement simple alteration to the local end structure of the existing PON networks, thus being simple and effective.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optical access network field, specifically, relate to a kind of OTDR of use and in EPON, carry out in the method for serving the fiber failure diagnosis.
Background technology
In recent years, continuous intensification along with broadband services market, with high bandwidth, long-distance transmissions is that EPON (PON) access technology of advantage obtains fast development, there have been a lot of manufacturers to be devoted to the research of EPON chip, module and network management technology, make passive optical network move to maturity day by day, next step disposes the emphasis of Access Network to become each operator gradually.
PON is a kind of passive light access technology that a little arrives the multidrop topology structure that adopts, and topological diagram as shown in Figure 2.Form by the OLT (OpticalLineTerminal, optical line terminal) of office's side, the ONU (OpticalNetworkUnit, optical network unit) and the ODN (OpticalDistributionNetwork, Optical Distribution Network) of user side.So-called " passive " is meant and do not contain any active electronic device and electronic power supply among the ODN, all is made up of optical fiber and light branch/mixer Passive Optical Components such as (Splitter), do not have expensive active electronic equipment.
Compare with the topological structure of point-tor point P 2 P, this point of PON has been saved a large amount of optical fiber costs to the structure of multiple spot.Yet, also brought a lot of difficulties to the topological structure of multiple spot at this point aspect the network failure test.
In traditional point-tor point P 2 P structure, OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer) is a kind of checkout equipment that is used for the comparative maturity of fiber failure diagnosis, utilizes back scattering and the Fresnel reflection principle of light in transmission course to come situations such as measuring optical fiber fault point and attenuation.Fault test for the PON network, because the high loss that ODN introduces in the network, require OTDR equipment to have very high sensitivity and big dynamic range, the existing manufacturer that tests develops the outer OTDR equipment of the band that is specifically designed to the PON network test, and the test pulse wavelength mostly is 1625nm or 1650nm; At present, the testing scheme of PON mainly is to carry out OTDR at service testing in the ONU side, though this method can solve the fiber failure problem, unifies the networking thought of control and management with PON network local side and runs counter to, and, also lack timeliness for Fault Diagnosis.The OLT side (local side) that is implemented in the PON network carries out facing two problems in the diagnosis of service fiber failure, and on the one hand, behavior broadcast mode under the PON network can't determine that by the waveform that OTDR records at local side fault has taken place which branch's light path; On the other hand, the waveform that local side records is the stack of each branch's light path backward wave shape, under the accumulation of each branch's light path noise, is difficult to accurate failure judgement point position.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of OTDR of use carries out in the method for serving the fiber failure diagnosis at passive optical network local side.By conventional P ON network local side is simply transformed,, finish the fiber failure location simply, effectively in conjunction with ripe PON network management technology and OTDR waveform processing technology.
Overall technological scheme of the present invention realizes by following concrete scheme as shown in Figure 1:
A kind of use OTDR carries out in the method for serving the fiber failure diagnosis at EPON (PON) local side, under the situation that ODN and ONU part-structure are constant in keeping the PON network architecture, OLT side to network is simply transformed, and improved local side apparatus comprises several big key components such as former OLT elementary cell, network management system, automatic control unit, OTDR test cell and wavelength division multiplexing; It is characterized in that, local side apparatus uses automatic control unit that the NMS OTDR test cell of unifying is coupled together, utilize the network management technology of PON maturation that branch's light path number of fiber failure judge to take place, when breaking down, enables optical fiber simultaneously the OTDR test cell automatically, the OTDR test cell sends the outer test pulse of band, use Raman amplification and narrow-band filtering interface differential technique to receive waveform and handle, judge abort situation in conjunction with network initial testing waveform at last.
Described network management system can be the existing network management system of PON network, and at this moment, the link-state information that this method of testing is only paid close attention in the network management system gets final product;
Perhaps, described network management system can be to use the simple network management system of PON protocol specialized for the design of PON network test, at this moment, this management system should be able to monitor and manage the running status of each branch's light path of PON, and which branch's light path fault judges when fiber failure takes place is.
Described automatic control unit connects the NMS OTDR test cell of unifying; Can read the link-state information in the network management system, and drive associative operation, when the optical fiber link fault takes place, drive the OTDR test cell and initiate fault detect according to state information value.
Described OTDR test cell comprises OTDR, raman amplifier, tunable and optical coupler and the circulator that is used for the PON test.
Described raman amplifier is used to amplify the OTDR test pulse, and then amplify to receive in the waveform reflection peak at fiber failure point.
Described tunable is used for the OTDR receiving branch, and its bandwidth is adjusted into and is slightly larger than the test pulse bandwidth, in order to the interference in the filtering reception waveform.
Described network initial testing waveform is when network is just built, the network test waveform that the OTDR test cell of pressure local side is finished, be stored in the OTDR test library, when fault test,, be used to strengthen the accuracy of fault location as the reference waveform of current test waveform.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the present invention at passive optical network local side with PON network management technology and the combination of OTDR waveform processing technology, which branch's light path generation fiber failure utilizes ripe network management technology to judge is, and then drives the initiation of OTDR test cell in the test of service fiber failure; Use the Raman amplifying technique to amplify the reflection peak of fault point, use the interference in the narrow band filter filtering waveform simultaneously, finally make the waveform of staff, well judge the position of fiber failure point in conjunction with network initial testing waveform by observing.On the basis of the present invention ODN and ONU structure in keeping EPON, only by the OLT side structure is transformed, make full use of original resource of PON and simple and effective waveform processing technology, just can realize using OTDR to carry out in the diagnosis of service fiber failure, for network operation provides in good time, the reliable guarantee at EPON (PON) local side.
Description of drawings
Combine the detailed description of accompanying drawing, the structure and the process of the inventive method are more simple and clear with making, wherein:
Figure 1 shows that overall technological scheme figure of the present invention
Figure 2 shows that EPON (PON) basic block diagram
Figure 3 shows that the local side structure chart of the method for the invention
Figure 4 shows that the test flow chart of the method for the invention
Embodiment
Core of the present invention is to use OTDR to carry out in service fiber failure when diagnosis at passive optical network local side, at local side automatic control unit is set and connects the PON NMS OTDR test cell of unifying; Described network management system can judge when network generation fiber failure which bar branch light path is fault occur in; Described automatic control unit can obtain branch's light path fault message and drive the OTDR test cell automatically and initiate to test at service fault; Described OTDR test cell is to the narrow-band filtering function of additional Raman enlarging function of former OTDR and received signal, each beam split branch road of effective filtering is back to integrated noise in the time of amplifying fiber fault point reflection peak, makes the waveform that records by OTDR can judge position of failure point preferably; Simultaneously, at the beginning of networking, described local side test macro forces to initiate OTDR at service testing, and preserves a whole network initial testing waveform, when fiber failure takes place, can call the contrast of described initial testing waveform and current test waveform, further strengthen the accuracy of failure diagnosis.Just can use the outer OTDR equipment of the band that is used for the PON test to finish the fiber failure diagnosis by the present invention like this at the PON local side.
Say a bit that specifically the present invention uses OTDR when passive optical network local side carries out in the diagnosis of service fiber failure, judges which branch's light path generation fiber failure in conjunction with network management system; EPON is the topological structure of point to multiple spot, and down direction is that broadcast mode transmits, so be difficult to judge which bar branch light path at local side OTDR equipment itself fault has taken place; Local side PON network management technology beginning occurs from PON just to be paid close attention to and is studied always, and the PON system has possessed fairly perfect network management technology now, the branch's light path that can judge fault exactly and taken place by the PON agreement number; So, use OTDR when passive optical network local side carries out at service failure diagnosis, obtain network management system branch trouble information and spontaneous startup OTDR test cell by described automatic control unit, solved failure judgement branch road problem effectively and guaranteed the timeliness of failure diagnosis.
Using OTDR when passive optical network local side carries out in the diagnosis of service fiber failure, the waveform of being tested is the stack of each branch's light path backward wave shape of network, the noise of waveform is the accumulation of each branch's light path noise just, so, if waveform is not handled, under the interference of noise signal, be difficult to from receive waveform, judge the position of fault point.PON system descending signal wavelength is 1490nm and 1 550nm, use OTDR equipment to carry out when service fault is tested, in transmission course, the frequency shift signal of being with outer test pulse (generally being 1625nm or 1650nm) and service signal spontaneous Raman scattering to produce is to receive topmost noise source in the waveform, and the out of band signal of filtering test pulse can suppress noise jamming effectively.
The method that the present invention handles the noise jamming in the test waveform is on the receiving branch of OTDR tunable to be set, and filter bandwidht is set is slightly larger than test pulse bandwidth filtering interference signals well; Simultaneously, at the OTDR transmitter side raman amplifier is set pulse signal is amplified,, make that the reflection peak of fiber failure point is given prominence in the test waveform, be convenient to carry out failure diagnosis by this two steps waveform processing.The present invention also proposes when network is just built, and forces the test of OTDR test cell executive system, preserves the initial testing waveform, can call the accuracy that the contrast of this waveform and test waveform further strengthens failure diagnosis when fault test.
After using the present invention, can use OTDR to carry out in the diagnosis of service fiber failure at the local side of EPON.
Be described in further detail using method of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
The concrete local side structure chart of the method for the invention as shown in Figure 3, specific embodiments is as follows:
The present invention is that the local side structure of modification to the traditional passive optical-fiber network forms.
Network management system described in Fig. 3 can be the existing network management system of PON or use the design of PON protocol specialized can the monitoring network Link State the simple network management system, can judge by this network management system which branch's light path fiber failure occurs in.
Automatic control unit described in Fig. 3 uses standard interface to connect the NMS OTDR test cell of unifying, and can obtain fiber failure information and controls the OTDR test cell and initiate in the diagnosis of service fiber failure from network management system.
OTDR test cell described in Fig. 3 comprises OTDR, raman amplifier, tunable and optical coupler and circulator; OTDR is the outer OTDR of band that is used for the PON test; Raman amplifier, tunable and optical coupler and circulator are finished test waveform together and are handled, and raman amplifier amplifies test pulse, and the fiber failure point reflection overshooting in the test waveform is gone out; Tunable is used for the outer interference signal of band of filtering test waveform, its bandwidth is set is slightly larger than the test pulse bandwidth and gets final product.
When using this method that system is tested, the system works flow process as shown in Figure 4, concrete test process is as follows:
A preserves the initial testing waveform of network if New-deployed Network is then executed the OTDR test process described in the B3 in OTDR, call during in order to failure diagnosis.
B, if not New-deployed Network, then carry out following process:
The running status of B1, network management system timely monitor network, the link-state information of report current network has judged whether that fiber failure has taken place which bar branch light path;
B2, automatic control unit obtain the link-state information in the network management system in good time, send control signal to the OTDR test cell when finding fiber failure, start OTDR and test at service fault;
B3, the pulse of OTDR transmission test start raman amplifier simultaneously and optical narrow pass band filters is handled test waveform, and raman amplifier amplifies wavelength and is set to the test pulse wavelength, and the setting of narrow band filter bandwidth is slightly larger than the test pulse bandwidth;
B4, observe current test waveform, further calling system initial testing waveform is judged fiber failure point position as a reference.
The above, only for the feasible embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any equivalence variation or replacement method in the technical scope that the present invention uncovers all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention; For protection inventor's rights and interests, in this explanation.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is used OTDR to carry out in the method for serving the fiber failure diagnosis at EPON (PON) local side, under the situation that ODN and ONU part-structure are constant in keeping the PON network architecture, OLT side to network is simply transformed, and improved local side apparatus comprises several big key components of former OLT elementary cell, network management system, automatic control unit, OTDR test cell and wavelength division multiplexing; It is characterized in that, local side apparatus uses automatic control unit that the NMS OTDR test cell of unifying is coupled together, utilize the network management technology of PON maturation that branch's light path number of fiber failure judge to take place, when breaking down, enables optical fiber simultaneously the OTDR test cell automatically, the outer test pulse of OTDR test cell band, use Raman amplification and narrow-band filtering interface differential technique to receive waveform and handle, judge abort situation in conjunction with network initial testing waveform at last.
2. use according to claim 1 OTDR carries out method in the diagnosis of service fiber failure at EPON (PON) local side, it is characterized in that,
Described network management system can be the existing network management system of PON network, and at this moment, the link-state information that this method of testing is only paid close attention in the network management system gets final product;
Perhaps, described network management system can be to use the simple network management system of PON protocol specialized for the design of PON network test, at this moment, this management system should be able to monitor and manage the running status of each branch's light path of PON, and which branch's light path fault judges when fiber failure takes place is.
3. use according to claim 1 OTDR carries out method in the diagnosis of service fiber failure at EPON (PON) local side, it is characterized in that,
Described automatic control unit connects the NMS OTDR test cell of unifying; Can read the link-state information in the network management system, and drive associative operation, when the optical fiber link fault takes place, drive the OTDR test cell and initiate fault detect according to state information value.
4. use according to claim 1 OTDR carries out method in the diagnosis of service fiber failure at EPON (PON) local side, it is characterized in that,
Described OTDR test cell comprises OTDR, raman amplifier, tunable and optical coupler and the circulator that is used for the PON test.
5. use according to claim 4 OTDR carries out method in the diagnosis of service fiber failure at EPON (PON) local side, it is characterized in that,
Described raman amplifier is used to amplify the OTDR test pulse, and then amplify to receive in the waveform reflection peak at fiber failure point.
6. use according to claim 4 OTDR carries out method in the diagnosis of service fiber failure at EPON (PON) local side, it is characterized in that,
Described tunable is applied to the OTDR receiving branch, and its bandwidth is adjusted into and is slightly larger than the test pulse bandwidth, in order to the interference in the filtering reception waveform.
7. use according to claim 1 OTDR carries out method in the diagnosis of service fiber failure at EPON (PON) local side, it is characterized in that,
Described network initial testing waveform is when network is just built, the network test waveform that the OTDR test cell of pressure local side is finished, be stored in the OTDR test library, when fault test,, be used to strengthen the accuracy of fault location as the reference waveform of current test waveform.
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