CN101217301B - A collaborative transmission method realized in isomerization wireless network with cooperating relay nodes - Google Patents
A collaborative transmission method realized in isomerization wireless network with cooperating relay nodes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for implementing heterogeneous and collaborative transmission in a heterogeneous wireless network by using collaborative trunk nodes; one or more collaborative trunk nodes are arranged, and each of which is provided with two set of antenna modules; a base station implements an optimized selection of proper collections of the heterogeneous and collaborative trunk nodes respectively for each destination user terminal that needs trunking, selects and determines antennas with proper number for the uplink and the downlink of each terminal, thus being convenient for acquiring self-adaptive diversity and reuse gain; the emission power of each antenna is reasonably set by comprehensively considering the transmission characteristics of the uplink and the downlink, thus ensuring the balance between the transmission performance of the first-hop link and the second-hop link and optimizing the integrative performance of the system. Based on the sufficient consideration of the existing constructions of wireless network frameworks, the invention discloses two set of antennas creatively, which are respectively used as heterogeneous trunk nodes of two-hips link transmission for implementing heterogeneous transmission, thus having the advantages of simple and convenient operation, flexibility, practicability, less investment, good effectiveness and great application generalization prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the collaborative via node of a kind of usefulness and in heterogeneous wireless network, realize the collaborative method of transmitting of the isomery that interconnects, exactly, relate to a kind of by the configuration double antenna the collaborative via node of isomery and to the operation such as adaptively selected of via node and antenna amount thereof, collaboration diversity and collaborative multiplex technique be used for the up link of heterogeneous wireless network and down link adaptively and realize the method for the collaborative transmission of isomery belonging to wireless communication technology field.
Background technology
At present, wireless communication system has formed a plurality of relatively independent networks, comprises cellular mobile network, WLAN (wireless local area network), wireless digital home network, in-vehicle wireless communication system of various standards etc.The general layout of these networks is vertically independent separately, and the resource composition of every kind of network all has specific mode, and provides specific function and application based on these Internet resources.The general layout of " yet a kind of application, a kind of network " exposes its intrinsic drawback gradually: the agreement of multiple complexity, complicated wireless network coexist; Wireless network management and maintenance cost are very high; Be unfavorable for wireless network resource, especially transfer resource shares; Be not easy to provide across a network multifunctional comprehensive business.
From professional demand angle, present wireless speech business atrophy gradually, wireless moving with data service increases fast, and the user constantly strengthens demand personalized, that variation is professional.From the future development angle, the user needs can be by any wireless terminal (travelling carriage, PDA etc.), any mode (WLAN, GPRS, WMAN etc.) access network, and number, bill etc. are all very convenient, flexible.For wireless carriers or service provider, professional key with service transformation and fusion is to make great efforts to explore the road of how to walk to move with the broadband wireless fusion, by with move, combination backs such as wireless Internet and all kinds of value-added services sell, and the fusing wireless communication service of differentiation is provided for the client.Therefore, the fusion of following cordless communication network is the trend of Communication Development.
As a kind of advanced person's communication mechanism, carry out the fusion of heterogeneous radio access networks network based on the collaborative via node of isomery, can be linked into mobile cellular network to various short-distance radio access networks by the isomery via node effectively.In order to solve the transmission bottleneck problem of two kinds of heterogeneous wireless network interfaces, need to use a plurality of via nodes, perhaps on via node, dispose many antennas, thereby realize communication for coordination.
Collaborative MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put) technology is a common example of communication for coordination, and it comes from traditional MIMO technology.In traditional MIMO technical scheme, use many transmit antennas and Duo Gen reception antenna to carry out wireless transmission, its principal character is that multipath propagation environment is changed into the factor favourable to the user: the spatial reuse that utilizes mimo channel to provide gains and improves the capacity of channel, the space diversity gain that simultaneously utilizes mimo channel to provide again effectively eliminate the wireless channel multipath, the time change influence that declines, improve the reliability of signal transmission, reduce the error rate.Thisly can greatly improve performance for wireless communications, need not be again that the MIMO technology of cost has become one of most important technology in the modern communications with the frequency spectrum.But, portable terminal is subjected to the restriction of many-sided factors such as volume, power, realization, make its up link can not use many antennas, limited the MIMO The Application of Technology, so proposed a kind of new spatial processing technique-collaborative MIMO (CooperativeMIMO) afterwards.Its basic principle is the single antenna user under the multi-user environment, in the own data message of transmission, also can transmit the information of its reception and detected collaborative user (being the companion); This technical spirit is to utilize companion's antenna and self antenna to constitute multiple transmit antennas, forms virtual mimo system and obtains diversity gain.Collaborative MIMO has overcome traditional MIMO technology limitation, for MIMO technological direction practicability has been expanded thinking.It is the broadcast characteristic of wireless medium that collaborative MIMO technology allows the main feature of collaboration diversity.In principle, the signal of broadcast transmission can be received and carry out information processing by any other user.Like this, except the signal independent transmission is arrived the destination separately, two users can also monitor the other side's transmission mutually, with their information separately of joint transmission, realize communication for coordination.
For collaborative via node, its operation principle and collaborative MIMO are similar, and collaborative operation of relays has two kinds of different schemes: amplify and transmit AF (Amplify and Forward) and decoding forwarding DF (Decodedand Forward).For the collaborative relaying of isomery, via node adopts decoding forwarding scheme usually.
At present, most of selection and configuration that all concentrates on the isomorphism wireless relay nodes with relevant patented technology of studying both domestic and external, jump link and second by time division way difference first and jump link, adopt distributed Space Time Coding (STBC) at the via node place, the diversity gain of research user terminal and outage probability etc.Consider the various wireless access technologys that existed, their location and application scenarios have nothing in common with each other, and can interconnect these heterogeneous wireless networks by the isomery via node fully.But realistic situation is: the research to the collaborative relaying technique of isomery is fewer, and is also very immature to the technical scheme that interconnects based on many Radio Access Networks of the collaborative via node of isomery.
In fact, heterogeneous wireless network need be considered the forward compatibility of correlation technique and equipment, be that traditional mobile phone terminal must be able to continue on in the heterogeneous wireless connecting system, have simultaneously in this just feasible following isomery contract network: the terminal of terminal, double antenna even many antenna configurations of single antenna configuration.
If user terminal only disposes single antenna, then short distance broadband radio access network (promptly second jumping junction network) can only use the collaboration diversity technology, and mobile cellular network (promptly first jumping junction network) also can only adopt the cast communication mode to send identical information for relevant collaborative via node.Because second jumps and can improve systematic function by diversity,, at this moment need jump link and adopt multi-antenna multiplexed technology to improve performance first so the first jumping relay transmission is to improve bottleneck of performance and key.
If at this moment user terminal configuration double antenna or many antennas both can adopt the diversity transmission technology, also can adopt the multiplexing transmission technology.But the key of problem is how to realize adaptive diversity and multiplexing under isomery junction network pattern.
In addition, unified control in base station and the resource allocation of dispatching each via node, the terminal that disposes for different antennae provides adaptive diversity and spatial multiplexing gain, is one of feature of isomery contract network.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide the collaborative via node of a kind of usefulness and in heterogeneous wireless network, realize the method for the collaborative transmission of isomery, no matter this method target terminal user is single antenna or many antennas, by disposing one or more isomery via nodes with two cover Anneta modules, and the suitable collaborative via node set of isomery of optimized choice, and the antenna in each Anneta module carried out adaptive optimization is selected and configuration, take all factors into consideration the diversity of up link and down link and the performance of spatial multiplexing gain again, guarantee that first jumps and two link transmission performance equilibriums of second jumping, thus the overall performance of optimization system.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides the collaborative via node of a kind of usefulness and in heterogeneous wireless network, realize the method for the collaborative transmission of isomery, it is characterized in that: the collaborative via node of one or more isomeries is set, and the collaborative via node of each isomery has two cover Anneta modules; The base station needs the collaborative via node set of the target terminal user isomery that optimized choice is suitable respectively of relaying for each, and is the suitable antenna of descending and up link selection quantification of each terminal, so that obtain adaptive diversity and spatial multiplexing gain; Take all factors into consideration the transmission characteristic of up link and down link again, the transmitting power of every antenna rationally is set, guarantee that first jumps the transmission performance equilibrium that link and second is jumped link, thus the overall performance of optimization system.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: under the prerequisite that does not change existing mobile cellular network framework, only need the isomery via node of configuration two cover antennas, just can be in mobile cellular network various novel BWA " embedding ", thereby realize interconnecting of heterogeneous wireless network, and various novel BWA are realized functions such as " may command, can manage, can discern ", thereby small investment, profitable by cellular mobile network.And, the present invention can guarantee wireless data transmission balancing performance between the heterogeneous wireless network by using diversity and multiplexing adaptive technique, thereby support the QoS of different business, particularly reduce professional propagation delay time, reduction guarantees that to the buffer memory requirement of via node two different heterogeneous wireless access technologies can both efficient operation.
The present invention innovates and proposes a kind of isomery via node that two cover antennas is set, is respectively applied for the two-hop link transmission, this via node can be finished the diversity and the Adaptive Transmission of two-hop link easily, for using MIMO technology and various STBC coding techniques to lay a good foundation, can effectively guarantee the balancing performance of double bounce isomery communication link.
The inventive method is to unify scheduling and control by the base station, to many antennas in the first cover Anneta module of selected isomery via node, each isomery via node, the transmitting power of each the root antenna on the isomery via node etc. all is optimized configuration, to improve the overall performance of heterogeneous network.From the angle of base station, first of down link is jumped link and is adopted the cast communication technology, and the information that can guarantee to send to each isomery via node is identical, is convenient to target terminal user and adopts multi-access mode to carry out diversity reception.If adopt the mixed communication mode of multicast and multiple access this moment, the information that can guarantee to send to some isomery via node is identical, but it is different giving the information of some other isomery via node, uses double antenna or many antennas and adopts the virtual MIMO antenna technology to carry out the multiplexing reception of adaptive diversity thereby be convenient to target terminal user.Jump the cast communication technology that adopts in second of up link, can guarantee that each isomery via node can both receive identical information, be transmitted to the base station then, at the diversity gain of place, base station acquisition from a plurality of isomery relayings, can be and each via node is inner because the first cover Anneta module adopt many antennas and obtain spatial multiplexing gain.If up link second is jumped the communication mode that also adopts multicast and multiple access to mix, except obtaining diversity gain, can also form a virtual MIMO, make that the information that sends between each isomery via node is different, when information being sent to the base station, can obtain extra spatial multiplexing gain at the base station end by multi-access mode.
In a word, the present invention is on the basis that takes into full account prior wireless network framework composition, and a kind of support of proposition realizes the isomery method for communicating, and simple, convenient, flexible, practical, small investment, profitable has good popularization and application prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention adopts collaborative via node to realize the operating procedure flow chart of the method for collaborative transmission in heterogeneous wireless network.
Fig. 2 is a example how to determine the suitable collaborative via node set of up-downgoing associating, and it is to determine possible suitable collaborative via node set respectively in uplink and downlink earlier, forms the suitable collaborative via node set of associating again.
Fig. 3 is when having two target terminal user (user is a single antenna, and another user is a double antenna), and the present invention adopts collaborative via node to realize adaptive diversity and the multiplexing collaborative transmission of heterogeneous network schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the terminal of configuration single antenna is carried out the diversity transmission via the isomery via node with the inventive method a link circuit condition schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the terminal of configuration double antenna is carried out diversity and multiplexing Adaptive Transmission via the isomery via node with the inventive method a link circuit condition schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 selects to adopt the comparison diagram of the collaborative via node of different isomerization to the influence of heterogeneous network transmission performance in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, introduce the present invention and in heterogeneous wireless network, realize the collaborative method of transmitting of the isomery that interconnects with collaborative via node, this method comprises following operating procedure: one or more collaborative via nodes are set, and each collaborative via node has two cover Anneta modules; The base station needs the collaborative via node set of the target terminal user isomery that optimized choice is suitable respectively of relaying for each, and is the suitable antenna of descending and up link selection quantification of each terminal, so that obtain adaptive diversity and spatial multiplexing gain; Take all factors into consideration the transmission characteristic of up link and down link again, the transmitting power of every antenna rationally is set, guarantee that first jumps the transmission performance equilibrium that link and second is jumped link, thus the overall performance of optimization system.
The inventive method innovation proposes a kind of collaborative via node of isomery that is used for heterogeneous wireless communication networks, the principal character of this via node is: dispose the two cover Anneta modules that can communicate by letter simultaneously, wherein the first cover Anneta module (being designated Anneta module A) is provided with many antennas, be used for first and jump link, so that form the MIMO array of many transmit antennas and Duo Gen reception antenna with the base station; And be that the second second cover Anneta module (being designated Anneta module B) of jumping the link service has only 1 antenna, need to select a plurality of via nodes, thereby carry out the multiplexed communications of collaboration diversity or virtual MIMO with target terminal user.
In order to improve the performance for wireless communications of the first jumping link, the Anneta module A of base station and isomery via node will dispose many antennas, and the antenna number of supposing the base station is S
AAnd the Anneta module A antenna number of the isomery via node of base station communication is R
A, then to satisfy following condition: the antenna amount R of selected and base station communication among the Anneta module A of via node
ABe less than the antenna number S that equals the base station
A, i.e. R
A≤ S
A, R
AAnd S
AAll be natural number more than or equal to 2, and, if selection quantity is N
RA plurality of via nodes carry out communication for coordination, and the antenna amount that is used in each via node first cover Anneta module of selecting with base station communication all is R
AThe time, then the collaborative spatial multiplexing gain of the maximum of Huo Deing is min{N
R* R
A, S
A, function m in{A, B} represent to get the minimum value among A and the B.
In order to simplify the antenna element of via node, the via node second cover Anneta module B only disposes single antenna.If will obtain collaboration diversity or spatial multiplexing gain, need to select a plurality of via nodes and target terminal user to communicate.
Because first communication technology and the transmission performance of jumping link and the second jumping link channel conditions and employing thereof all has than big difference, in order to guarantee that first jumps the balancing performance that link and second is jumped link, the base station will be according to the type and the antenna amount thereof of target terminal user, the isomery via node of participating in communication for coordination is optimized selection, and the antenna that also will overlap Anneta module A to the isomery via node first that participates in communication for coordination is optimized selection simultaneously.In addition, consider that up link is different with downlink transmission performance and user's service attribute, the selection of the collaborative via node of isomery also will be optimized respectively according to the performance requirement of uplink downlink, selects identical collaborative via node set for uplink downlink again.
Optimize the member in the collaborative isomery via node set, and the many antennas among the isomery via node first cover Anneta module A are selected, purpose is that self adaptation obtains diversity and spatial multiplexing gain, balanced up-downgoing and first are jumped, the transmission performance of the second jumping link, improves the overall performance of system.
For different target terminal user, suitable isomery via node is different, and this depends on that first jumps the link and the second jumping link, the combination property of up link and down link.The operation of the antenna amount of the unified scheduling in base station, the collaborative via node set of isomery of selecting each terminal, each collaborative via node and the transmitting power of every antenna comprises the following steps:
(1) select to determine the collaborative via node set of isomery for each terminal:
Because isomery via node Anneta module B only disposes single antenna, and first jumps link can adopt multi-antenna technology to improve systematic function, so suitable isomery via node is mainly jumped the link decision by second, being suitably the exponential quantity minimum, can guaranteeing the collaborative via node set that transmission performance requires again here.
Therefore, the collaborative via node of suitable isomery is the uplink and downlink status transmission decision of being jumped link by target terminal user second, if the via node that down link is selected set is D
R1, the via node set that up link is optimized is D
R2, then optimizing the via node of determining the back is the smallest subset of these two union of sets collection, i.e. Min{D
R1∪ D
R2, so that can satisfy the transmission requirement of uplink downlink simultaneously, and make selected via node minimum number by this smallest subset.Referring to Fig. 2, suitable via node set is { RS1 wherein in the ellipse that with dashed lines draws to be downlink transfer, RS2, the subclass of any two member compositions among the RS3}, suitable via node set is { RS2, RS3, the subclass of any two member compositions among the RS4} and in the ellipse that draws with pecked line be uplink, so the suitable collaborative via node set after the associating is { RS2, RS3}.
(2) according to the collaborative via node set of fixed suitable isomery, for the down link of each target terminal user and up link are selected the suitable antenna of quantity with regard to the first cover Anneta module A end of base station end and the collaborative via node of isomery respectively: for down link, the antenna amount of selecting on the collaborative via node of each isomery is second to jump the transmission rate r of link at least
D2Transmission rate r when being single antenna with the first cover Anneta module
D1Merchant r
D2/ r
D1Integer; For up link, the antenna amount of selection is the transmission rate r of the second jumping link at least
U2Transmission rate r when being single antenna with the first cover Anneta module
U1Merchant r
U2/ r
U1Integer;
In this step,, use distributed Space Time Coding (STBC) or other collaboration diversities coding in first jumping and second transmitting terminal of jumping link in order to obtain diversity gain; In order to obtain collaborative spatial multiplexing gain, jump the transmitting terminal usage level or the vertical demixing time space (BLAST) of link in first jumping and second.If further improve the transmission quality of the first jumping link, reduce propagation delay time etc., can select more antenna at base station end and collaborative relaying Anneta module A place, to obtain extra collaboration diversity gain;
(3) every antenna for the uplink and downlink of each target terminal user transmission is provided with suitable transmitting power respectively, and with interference that reduces whole system and the service quality that guarantees target terminal user: first jumps link and second Initial Trans of jumping the downlink transfer of link is set to constant power; According to far and near different to comprising that first jumps the Initial Trans employing open-loop power control method that link and second is jumped the uplink of link; After transmission link is set up, adopt the periodic feedback of channel quality indication (CQI) to carry out the closed power adjustment again to comprising first transmitting power of jumping the up-downgoing transmission of the link and the second jumping link.
Terminal select single or many antennas to communicate the diversity that is obtained be different with spatial multiplexing gain; Adaptive diversity and multiplexing configuration will be carried out according to the antenna configurations of target terminal user in the base station when centralized dispatching.
The hypothetical target user terminal only disposes or only selects single antenna to communicate, and then the base station scheduling purpose of carrying out is to pursue the collaboration diversity gain, and concrete operations comprise following content:
(1) for down link: the base station by the cast communication pattern to choose the collaborative via node of isomery send data, at this moment, adopt the MIMO communication mode can improve first transmission rate of jumping link; The different antennae of same collaborative via node will receive different information respectively, but the information that receives between different via node is identical; Via node is worked in coordination with encoding operation after receiving information from the base station, is transmitted to target terminal user again; Target terminal user receives from the data flow behind the process identical information coding of a plurality of isomery via nodes, carrying out diversity earlier handles, then according to receiving professional quality and transmission rate and other condition, to the relevant metrical information and the configuration information of via node feedback of the best; After via node is received this feedback information, directly be transmitted to the base station; After feedback information is received in the base station, adjust transmitting power, transmitting time and other parameter, and the selection of via node and antenna thereof is optimized configuration, these adjustment information are transmitted to relevant collaborative via node and target terminal user.
(2) for up link: target terminal user is carried out broadcast transmission; The isomery via node is worked in coordination with encoding process after receiving broadcast data information from this target terminal user; Select the suitable antenna of the quantity information of carrying out to send from the first cover Anneta module of the collaborative via node of each isomery then, different via nodes is transmitted identical information work in coordination with data flow behind the coding, with the acquisition diversity gain; But can transmit different information between the different antennae in the same via node, to obtain spatial multiplexing gain; The data flow from one or more isomery via nodes is received in the base station, carries out diversity and multiplexing reception adaptively; The base station is also according to the link-quality, transmission rate and other relevant informations that receive, the transmitting power that comprises many days line options among collaborative isomery via node set, the via node Anneta module A, every antenna, transmitting power and other relevant parameter of terminal are carried out the complex optimum configuration, and the information after optimizing is transmitted to relevant collaborative via node and target terminal user by the control signaling.
Two or two above antennas of hypothetical target user terminal selecting carry out communication for coordination, and then the base station scheduling purpose of carrying out is to pursue adaptive collaboration diversity gain simultaneously and work in coordination with spatial multiplexing gain, and concrete operations comprise following content:
(1) for down link: the base station is determined the collaborative via node set of good suitable isomery transmission data by the joint communication pattern of multicast and multiple access to, is T if target terminal user participates in the antenna number of communication
A, T
ABe to be not less than 2 natural number, then N
RIndividual collaborative isomery via node is divided into T
AGroup, every group number of members is at least
In the formula
Smallest positive integral is got in expression; Multicast transmission is carried out to the collaborative isomery via node in every group in the base station, and the information that each via node in promptly organizing is received is identical; And the multiple access communication mode is adopted in the transmission between on the same group not; The information that each via node between promptly organizing is received is different; After receiving information, after being in the collaborative via node of isomery in same group and carrying out the combination and cooperation encoding operation, be transmitted to target terminal user, to obtain diversity gain from the base station; And the information of not launching between on the same group the isomery via node will be when empty level or vertical demixing time space (as BLAST) handle; Target terminal user receives the data flow from a plurality of isomery via nodes, for from collaborative information via node, that content is identical of same group different isomerization, adopts diversity reception; And carry out the multiplexing reception of MIMO for the data flow between on the same group not; Target terminal user to relevant metrical information and the configuration information of via node feedback, after via node is received this feedback information, directly is transmitted to the base station according to the channel quality, transmission rate and other related data that receive; After this feedback information is received in the base station, transmitting power and other relevant parameter to the transmitting power of oneself, collaborative via node set and many days line options of via node thereof, every antenna are optimized adjustment, and these adjustment information are transmitted to relevant collaborative via node and target terminal user;
(2) for up link: the joint communication pattern that adopts multicast and multiple access, the collaborative via node multicast of the isomery of target terminal user in same group sends identical data message, the via node between on the same group will not receive the different data streams that this target terminal user is sent by multi-access mode, to form virtual T
A* T
AThe MIMO aerial array, T
AIt is many bays number that terminal is selected; The collaborative via node of isomery carries out the distributed collaboration encoding process to the data flow in same group after receiving data message from target terminal user; And select suitable transmitting antenna to transmit data in the many antennas from the collaborative via node Anneta module A of each isomery, the different data flow of emission between the different antennae in this moment same via node is so that the base station obtains spatial multiplexing gain; Diversity and multiplexing reception are adaptively carried out after receiving data flow from one or more isomery via nodes in the base station; The base station is also according to the channel quality, transmission rate and other data that receive, to comprising that suitable collaborative isomery via node set, the many antenna amounts among the via node Anneta module A, the transmitting power of every antenna, transmitting power and other relevant parameter of terminal carry out complex optimum, and the information after optimizing is transmitted to relevant collaborative via node and target terminal user by the control signaling.
In a word, core of the present invention be the isomery via node be the double bounce communication link be provided with respectively one the cover antenna, the isomery via node first cover Anneta module A with base station communication in it is provided with many antennas, and the isomery via node second cover Anneta module B that communicates by letter with target terminal user is provided with single antenna.What participate in simultaneously communicating by letter according to this target terminal user again is single antenna or many antennas, and deciding whole heterogeneous wireless communication networks is in order to obtain diversity gain or in order to obtain diversity and multiplexing adaptive gain simultaneously.In addition, be to guarantee the balancing performance of double bounce heterogeneous wireless communication link, be by the power configuration on the antenna amount of the suitable via node set of base station centralized control and management, via node Anneta module A and the every antenna etc.
Referring to Fig. 3, introduce the technical characterstic of the inventive method:
In order to guarantee that heterogeneous communication system can obtain collaborative gain, no matter what target terminal user was selected communication simultaneously is single antenna or many antennas, requiring isomery via node of the present invention is two-hop link configuration two cover antennas: be first to jump the Anneta module A of link service and be second to jump the Anneta module B of link service.
To jump link and can adopt various diversity and multiplexing advanced technology (as diversity, multiplexing and beam-shaped antenna technology etc.) in order to make to win, require first to jump link employing multi-antenna technology, be that many antennas are adopted in the base station, the Anneta module A of isomery via node also adopts multi-antenna technology.Consider terminal possible configuration single antenna, also might dispose double antenna even many antennas, in order to reduce the antenna cost of isomery via node, isomery via node Anneta module B only disposes single antenna.
Synchronous etc. between the power configuration of suitable via node set, the many days line options of via node Anneta module A, via node, via node all managed and controlled by the unified scheduling in base station; Via node is transmitted to the base station to the metrical information that receives, by diversity and multiplexing the carry out adaptive configuration of base station to double bounce isomery communication link.The purpose of the unified scheduling in base station, management and control is to want the optimization system performance, guarantees the transmission performance equilibrium of double bounce heterogeneous wireless communication link, and reduces the buffer memory requirement of via node, ensures the qos requirement of different kinds of business simultaneously easily.
Referring to Fig. 4, introduce the method for work of the present invention when target terminal user only disposes or selects single antenna, realize diversity and multiplexing adaptive configuration scheme so that introduce the present invention in more detail.
Because terminal only disposes or selects single antenna, and and the via node Anneta module B of terminal communication also only disposed single antenna, so the second descending jumping communication link can only adopt the virtual MIMO antenna technology to obtain wave beam forming gain or simple MIMO diversity gain etc., and for up link, this terminal can only adopt single antenna to broadcast to the via node that all are arranged in suitable collaborative via node set.
For down link, the base station is to the identical information of all suitable isomery via node transmission; For up link, each isomery via node can adopt multiple access communication mode and base station communication based on diversity and multiplexing adaptive technique.In order to improve the performance of the second descending jumping communication link, need to select suitable isomery via node set.Concerning each user, the isomery via node quantity of selection is many more, and diversity performance is good more; But from whole network, the via node of selecting for each user is many more, cost is high more, and the interference to other users is also big more, so need select the collaborative via node set of isomery that suits according to effectiveness and cost function, via node quantity in this set will suit: can not be too many, and can not be very little.
In order to improve the performance of the up first jumping communication link, the isomery via node that also needs to select to suit is gathered.Concerning each user, also to select the suitable via node of quantity according to effectiveness and cost function, determine the collaborative via node set of suitable isomery.Therefore, the collaborative via node set of Shi Yi isomery is united decision by the second uplink and downlink status transmission of jumping link: if the set of the via node of descending selection is D
R1, up definite optimization via node set is D
R2, the optimization via node of then uniting after the decision is Min{D
R1∪ D
R2, promptly select the smallest subset of two union of sets collection, can satisfy the performance of uplink downlink simultaneously by this smallest subset, and guarantee the via node minimum number selected.
For down link, because the second jumping communication link adopts the virtual MIMO antenna technology, the power division between collaborative isomery via node needs self adaptation, and its initial power is constant; But after communication link is set up, can adopt based on the ideal power control of water-filling or the power adjustment mode of step change transmitting power is periodically adjusted, with the rapid fading variation of adaptive channel.
For up link, the collaborative via node of terminal and isomery adopts open Loop Power control mechanism to carry out determining of initial power, adjust indication information by the power of receiving then and carry out the closed power adjustment, power adjustment indication is that the base station is provided with according to the channel quality indication of feeding back.
Referring to Fig. 5, further introduce when terminal configuration or the transmission method of the present invention when selecting two even many antennas:
Because terminal configuration or selected two or many antennas, and and the isomery via node Anneta module B of terminal communication only disposed single antenna, to adopt the virtual MIMO antenna technology to obtain diversity gain so descending second jumps communication link, also can obtain spatial multiplexing gain, perhaps diversity and multiplexing unite gain etc.
In order to improve the overall performance of network, need to select suitable isomery via node set.This moment via node determine depend primarily on the service quality (QoS) etc. that the up-downgoing transport service of communications link condition and user terminal is jumped in up-downgoing second, the suitable isomery via node set of selection will guarantee that the performance of uplink downlink can both reach optimization simultaneously.If the set of the via node of descending selection is D
R1, up definite optimization via node set is D
R2, the optimization via node after then taking all factors into consideration is Min{D
R1∪ D
R2, promptly select the smallest subset of two union of sets collection, can satisfy the performance of uplink downlink performance simultaneously by this smallest subset, and guarantee the via node minimum number selected.
For the descending first jumping link, if terminal only obtains diversity gain, will adopt the cast communication pattern, the base station end is to the identical information of all suitable isomery via nodes broadcasting.If terminal only obtains spatial multiplexing gain, then the base station sends different information by multi-access mode to each suitable isomery via node.If both sought out diversity gain, seek out spatial multiplexing gain again, then send identical information, but send different information to other isomery via node to the suitable isomery via node of part.
Jump link for descending second, if only obtain diversity gain, then the select target user terminal reception antenna carries out the diversity reception of isomery via node, perhaps only selects a via node, this target terminal user is used 2 or many antennas simultaneously, to obtain the receive diversity gain; The information content that different heterogeneous wireless via nodes is issued target terminal user is identical, after promptly each via node carries out Space Time Coding to the identical information of base station broadcast, is transmitted to target terminal user.Therefore, for down link,, then only select T if the second jumping link only obtains spatial multiplexing gain
AIndividual isomery via node and target terminal user form T
A* T
AThe virtual MIMO antenna array.If want to obtain simultaneously the collaboration diversity gain and work in coordination with spatial multiplexing gain, then also to select extra isomery to work in coordination with via node, promptly the isomery via node quantity of Xuan Zeing must be greater than T
A
For up link, second jumps link will be according to professional transmission requirement, and deciding and adopting broadcast transmitted still is the multiple access transmission, if only seek out diversity gain, then target terminal user is to the identical information of each suitable isomery via node broadcasting.If only seek out spatial multiplexing gain, then this target terminal user is different to the information that different suitable isomery via nodes sends, and this moment, maximum suitable isomery via node quantity was no more than many antenna amounts T of target terminal user
A
For up link, first jumps link will carry out day line options and power division and optimize the MIMO transmission according to the collaborative via node set of the suitable isomery that has chosen again, and reduces overhead, guarantee terminal use's transmission demand, guarantee the systematic function optimum.
In order to improve the performance of the first jumping link, many antennas of many antennas among the isomery via node Anneta module A and base station end form the MIMO aerial arrays.If selected 2 or a plurality of isomery via node, can also obtain diversity gain.
The present invention has carried out test of many times enforcement, shows below by the result of the test of introducing the embodiment of the invention: each the antenna power distribution method on definite and each via node of the suitable collaborative via node set of introduction of the present invention can significantly improve the performance of heterogeneous wireless communication system.
In order to characterize the isomery communication pattern, in the embodiment l-G simulation test, first jumps link adopts the cdma communication pattern; second jumps link adopts the WiMAX communication pattern; the frequency that use this moment all is assumed to be 2.5GHz, and enough frequency protections are arranged between the two-mode, can not produce interference.In addition, the isomery via node has two communication modules and can work simultaneously, with convenient direct access base station or access target terminal user.First jumps link adopts classical macrocell path loss model: Pathloss=14.98+37.6 * log10 (R); In the formula, R is the distance of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, and its unit is a rice.Jump link for second, if distance R during less than 50 meters, is used free space model: Pathloss=38.11+20*log10 (R); Otherwise, adopt classical Xia path loss model: Pathloss=55.78+40*log10 (R).
It is on the circumference of 0.6 times of radius of society that the isomery via node of this embodiment is evenly distributed on from the base station spacing distance.For assessment of system performance, assess from terminal use's average spectral efficiency (ase) and two angles of service satisfactory rate of system.
How the present invention selects isomery to work in coordination with via node, very crucial concerning heterogeneous wireless communication system, and suitable isomery is worked in coordination with the selection of via node and determined needs to consider a plurality of factors, guarantees the overall performance optimum of heterogeneous network.
Referring to Fig. 6, this is a kind of collaborative trunk node selection algorithm example based on utility function, and compares with this algorithm with based on the relay selection algorithm of shortest path user's average spectral efficiency (ase) when the different districts radius.Be evenly to have placed 6 collaborative isomery relay stations on 0.6 times the circumference of radius this moment at distance base station spacing distance.From simulation result as can be seen, " 6 relayings _ shortest path " (being illustrated as the curve that has leg-of-mutton two point dotted line) of trunk node selection algorithm worked in coordination with in employing significantly better than employing based on curve (be illustrated as and the have tetragonal block curve) performance of " 6 relayings _ best relay station is selected " of the collaborative relay selection algorithm of isomery of utility function, it is the spectrum efficiency that the former can significantly improve the user, reason is that this algorithm can select suitable optimal relay node, thereby guarantee that whole system is in optimum operating state, and can guarantee the transmission performance equilibrium of first jumping and the second jumping link.
Claims (9)
1. realizes the method for the collaborative transmission of isomery with collaborative via node in heterogeneous wireless network for one kind, it is characterized in that: the collaborative via node of one or more isomeries is set, and the collaborative via node of each isomery has two to overlap Anneta modules; The base station needs the collaborative via node set of the target terminal user isomery that optimized choice is suitable respectively of relaying for each, and is the suitable antenna of descending and up link selection quantification of each terminal, so that obtain adaptive diversity and spatial multiplexing gain; Take all factors into consideration the transmission characteristic of up link and down link again, the transmitting power of every antenna rationally is set, guarantee that first jumps the transmission performance equilibrium that link and second is jumped link, thus the overall performance of optimization system.
2. the method for the collaborative transmission of realization isomery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: two cover Anneta modules of the collaborative via node of described isomery can be communicated by letter simultaneously, wherein be used for the first first cover Anneta module of jumping link and be provided with many antennas, so that form the MIMO array of many transmit antennas and Duo Gen reception antenna with the base station; And be that the second second cover Anneta module of jumping the link service has only 1 antenna, select a plurality of via nodes and target terminal user to carry out the multiplexed communications of collaboration diversity or virtual MIMO.
3. the method for the collaborative transmission of realization isomery according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the antenna amount R of selected and base station communication in the first cover Anneta module of described collaborative via node
ABe less than or equal the antenna number S of base station
A, i.e. R
A≤ S
A
4. the method for the collaborative transmission of realization isomery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the collaborative via node set of the suitable isomery of optimized choice, the base station will jump that link and second is jumped the channel conditions of link and the communication technology and the transmission performance of employing carried out Comprehensive Assessment to the type of target terminal user and antenna amount, first thereof; Just, dispatch, select the collaborative via node set of isomery, each isomery of each terminal to work in coordination with the antenna amount of via node and the transmitting power of every antenna by the base station is unified according to user's access request.
5. the method for the collaborative transmission of realization isomery according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: for different target terminal user, the operation of the transmitting power of the unified scheduling in base station, the antenna amount of selecting the collaborative via node set of the suitable isomery of each terminal, the collaborative via node of each isomery and every antenna comprises the following steps:
(1) determine the collaborative via node set of isomery for each terminal: the collaborative via node of suitable isomery depends on the status transmission of the uplink and downlink link of this terminal second jumping link, if the collaborative via node set of the isomery that down link is selected is D
R1, the collaborative via node set of the isomery that up link is optimized is D
R2, then optimizing the collaborative via node of the isomery of determining the back is the smallest subset of these two union of sets collection, i.e. Min{D
R1∪ D
R2, so that can satisfy the transmission requirement of uplink downlink simultaneously, and make selected isomery work in coordination with the via node minimum number by this smallest subset;
(2) according to the collaborative via node set of fixed isomery, for the down link and the up link of each terminal are selected the suitable antenna of quantity with regard to the first cover Anneta module end of base station end and the collaborative via node of isomery respectively: for down link, the antenna amount of selecting on the collaborative via node of each isomery is the transmission rate r of the second jumping link at least
D2Transmission rate r when being single antenna with the first cover Anneta module
D1Merchant r
D2/ r
D1Integer; For up link, their antenna amount is the transmission rate r of the second jumping link at least
U2Transmission rate r when being single antenna with the first cover Anneta module
U1Merchant r
U2/ r
U1Integer;
(3) for every antenna in every jumping link of the uplink and downlink of each terminal is provided with suitable transmitting power respectively, with interference that reduces whole system and the service quality that guarantees the terminal use: jump link and second and jump the Initial Trans of the downlink transfer of link and adopt fixed transmission power to comprising first; And according to far and near different to comprising that first jumps the Initial Trans employing open-loop power control method that link and second is jumped the uplink of link; And after transmission link is set up, adopt the periodic feedback of channel quality indicator (CQI) to carry out the closed power adjustment again to comprising first transmitting power of jumping the up-downgoing transmission of the link and the second jumping link.
6. the method for the collaborative transmission of realization isomery according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in the described step (2), in order to obtain the collaboration diversity gain, use distributed Space Time Coding STBC or other collaboration diversities coding in first jumping and second transmitting terminal of jumping link; In order to obtain collaborative spatial multiplexing gain, jump the transmitting terminal usage level or the vertical demixing time space BLAST of link in first jumping and second.
7. the method for the collaborative transmission of realization isomery according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the antenna of terminal configuration is single or many time, the diversity that it obtained is different with spatial multiplexing gain; When centralized dispatching is carried out in the base station, be according to the antenna configurations of target terminal user, self adaptation adopts diversity and multiplex strategy.
8. the method for the collaborative transmission of realization isomery according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: when target terminal user only disposes single antenna or selects single antenna, the scheduling purpose that carry out the base station is to pursue the collaboration diversity gain, and concrete operations comprise following content:
(1) for down link: the base station is passed through the cast communication pattern and is sent data to the collaborative via node of the isomery of having determined, at this moment, adopts the MIMO communication mode can improve the transmission rate of the first jumping link; The different antennae of the collaborative via node of same isomery will independently receive different information, but the information flow between the collaborative via node of different isomerization is identical; The collaborative via node of isomery is worked in coordination with encoding operation after receiving information from the base station, is transmitted to target terminal user again; This target terminal user receives from the data flow behind the identical information coding of the collaborative via node of a plurality of isomeries, carrying out diversity earlier handles, then according to receiving professional quality and transmission rate and other conditions, to relevant metrical information and the configuration information of the collaborative via node feedback of the isomery of the best; After the collaborative via node of best isomery is received this feedback information, directly be transmitted to the base station; After feedback information is received in the base station, adjust transmitting power, transmitting time and other relevant parameters, and the selection of the collaborative via node of isomery and many antennas thereof is optimized configuration, these adjustment information are transmitted to collaborative via node of relevant isomery and target terminal user;
(2) for up link: target terminal user is carried out broadcast transmission; The collaborative via node of isomery is worked in coordination with encoding process after receiving broadcast data information from this target terminal user; From many antennas of the first cover Anneta module of the collaborative via node of each isomery, select the suitable transmitting antenna of quantity to send information then, the collaborative via node of different isomeries is transmitted identical information work in coordination with data flow behind the coding, with the acquisition diversity gain; But can launch different information between the different antennae in the collaborative via node of same isomery, to obtain spatial multiplexing gain; The base station is received from the data flow of the collaborative via node of one or more isomeries, is carried out diversity and multiplexing reception adaptively; The base station is also according to the quality of service, transmission rate and other relevant informations that receive, work in coordination with many sky line options in the collaborative via node first cover Anneta module of via node, isomery, the transmitting power of every antenna, transmitting power and other relevant parameters of terminal and carry out the complex optimum configuration, and the information after optimizing is transmitted to collaborative via node of relevant isomery and target terminal user by the control signaling comprising isomery.
9. the method for the collaborative transmission of realization isomery according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: when two or two above antennas of target terminal user selection are worked in coordination with transmission, the scheduling purpose that carry out the base station is to pursue the collaboration diversity gain simultaneously and work in coordination with spatial multiplexing gain, and concrete operations comprise following content:
(1) for down link: the base station determines that to the collaborative via node of good isomery sends data, has T if target terminal user participates in the antenna of communication by the joint communication pattern of multicast and multiple access
ARoot, T
ABe to be not less than 2 natural number, then N
RThe collaborative via node of individual isomery is divided into T
AGroup, every group number of members is at least
In the formula
Smallest positive integral is got in expression; Multicast transmission is carried out to the collaborative via node of the isomery in every group in the base station, and the information that the collaborative via node of each isomery in promptly organizing is received is identical; And the multiple access communication mode is adopted in the transmission between on the same group not, promptly the information received of the collaborative via node of each isomery between the group is different; After receiving information, after being in the collaborative via node of isomery in same group and work in coordination with coding, be transmitted to target terminal user, with the acquisition diversity gain from the base station; And the information of not launching between on the same group the collaborative via node of isomery will be handled through level or vertical demixing time space; Target terminal user receives the data flow from the collaborative via node of a plurality of isomeries, for from collaborative information via node, that content is identical of same group different isomerization, adopts diversity reception; And, carry out the multiplexing reception of MIMO for the data flow between on the same group not; This target terminal user is according to channel quality, transmission rate and other related datas of the business that receives, to relevant metrical information and the configuration information of the collaborative via node feedback of isomery; After the collaborative via node of isomery is received this feedback information, directly be transmitted to the base station; After this feedback information is received in the base station, the collaborative via node set of oneself transmitting power, isomery and many days line options of via node thereof, the transmitting power of every antenna are optimized adjustment, and these adjustment information are transmitted to collaborative via node of relevant isomery and target terminal user;
(2) for up link: the joint communication pattern that adopts multicast and multiple access, the collaborative via node multicast of the isomery of target terminal user in same group sends identical data message, the collaborative via node of the isomery between on the same group will not receive the different data streams that this terminal is sent by multi-access mode, to form virtual T
A* T
AThe MIMO aerial array, T
AIt is many bays number that terminal is selected; The collaborative via node of isomery carries out the distributed collaboration encoding process to the data flow in same group after receiving data message from target terminal user; And select suitable transmitting antenna to transmit data in the many antennas from the collaborative via node first cover Anneta module of each isomery, and the different data flow of emission between the different antennae in the collaborative via node of same isomery is so that the reception of base station obtains spatial multiplexing gain; Diversity and multiplexing reception are adaptively carried out after receiving data flow from the collaborative via node of one or more isomeries in the base station; The base station is also according to the channel quality, transmission rate and other related datas that receive, the quantity that comprises the many antennas in the collaborative via node set of isomery, the collaborative via node first cover Anneta module of isomery, the transmitting power of every antenna, transmitting power and other relevant parameters of terminal are carried out complex optimum, and the information after optimizing is transmitted to relevant collaborative via node and target terminal user by the control signaling.
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