CN101188770A - An audio and video synchronization output method for multi-process control - Google Patents
An audio and video synchronization output method for multi-process control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an audio / video synchronous output method for the multi-process control. Five progresses of system layer de-multiplexing, video decoding, audio decoding, video synchronous output and audio synchronous output are required to be established in the method. A transport stream is de-multiplexed and unpacked into an audio / video basic stream and time information in the system layer de-multiplexing progress; the audio basic stream and the video basic stream are respectively transported to the video decoding progress and the audio decoding progress to be decoded, and the time information is used for updating the clock of a local system; the time information and data storage space information after being decoded in the video decoding progress and the audio decoding progress are transmitted together to the video synchronous output progress and the audio synchronous output progress. According to the time information of the data after being decoded, after being compared with a local clock system, the data which is according with an output time is chosen to be output in the video synchronous output progress and the audio synchronous output progress. A large capacity buffering area is not required in the method to buffer a coding data and an image audio / video frame after being decoded, and the memory resource of the system can be saved; the invention is developed on the basis of an embedded operating system, and the realization complexity is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the digital audio/video technical field, relate in particular to a kind of audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control.
Background technology
Synchronous output that very important technology is exactly audio frequency and video in the digital TV field, because popular video encoding standard all adopts hybrid coding/decoding process, this code encoding/decoding mode utilize frame of video in time with the space on redundancy, take prediction, conversion, the coded system of quantification and entropy coding, frame of video is encoded to different frame types: infra-frame prediction frame (I frame), single directional prediction frame (P frame) and bi-directional predicted frames (B frame), so just cause video data encoder temporal inconsistent in transmission and decode procedure, and audio ﹠ video is to separate coding and transmission, but when playing, require to export broadcast synchronously, if do not take reasonable control method, be easy to cause audio frequency and video to export nonsynchronous phenomenon.For addressing this is that, general mode is to adopt bigger buffering area to cushion coded data and decoded graphics/audio frame, rely on interior the floating of data queue memory of buffering area to overcome this problem, but it is like this very big for the storage resource consumption of system, and for audio frequency and video separately control its decoding and output relatively the difficulty, cut between the two to leave and, though video and audio frequency can normally export separately, both be difficult to synchronously be controlled effectively.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above problems, the invention provides a kind of audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control, described method is utilized PCR (the Program Clock Reference that stipulates in the message queue mechanism of operating system and the MPEG-2 system layer, program clock reference) and PTS (Presentation Time Stamp, show timestamp) wait and realize that audio frequency and video export for the regulation of audio frequency and video according to PTS under unified system time, to reach the purpose of synchronous output.
In order to realize above purpose, the invention provides a kind of audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control, by an operating system audio frequency and video transport stream is carried out multi-process and handle and export, described system comprises a buffer circle and a frame buffer zone, and described method realizes by following steps:
Step 1, under operating system, set up five processes, be respectively system layer demultiplexing process, video decode process, audio decoder process, audio video synchronization output process and audio sync output process;
Step 2, system layer demultiplexing process are finished looking the demultiplexing of audio transport stream packet, then transmit flow data are unpacked into video-frequency basic flow and audio frequency flows substantially, and temporal information; Video-frequency basic flow and audio frequency flow substantially and will send the video decode process respectively to and the audio decoder process is decoded, and temporal information is used to upgrade the local system clock;
Step 3, audio decoder process and video decode process are decoded, and its time information is sent to audio video synchronization output process and audio sync output process with decoded data space information;
Step 4, audio video synchronization output process and audio sync output process compare the data of selecting to meet output time in the back according to the temporal information of decoded data and system clock and export.
Described video ES stream of above step 2 and audio ES stream filter according to PID (Program Identification, program identifier) and obtain, and are stored in the buffer circle.Described renewal local system clock is realized by following steps: (a) PID according to PCR seeks the PCR data in stream of the video ES behind demultiplexing and the audio ES stream; (b) find the PCR data after, judge whether local PCR exists, if there is no, then fiducial value and the expanding value with the PCR that finds stores respectively; If exist, then calculate current PCR data according to PCR data that exist and system time; (c) the current PCR data that calculate of comparison step (b) and the PCR data of obtaining from step (a) when both differences surpass the threshold value of system's regulation, are just upgraded the local system clock.
Further, described local system clock value interrupts adding up according to clock timer, and timer produces an interruption for per 10 milliseconds, interrupts clocking value at every turn and adds 90, when system clock value during more than or equal to the maximum of PCR, makes zero and restarts the timing that adds up.
The implementation procedure of the described video decode process of above step 3 is as follows: (a) the video decode process blocking sends to the message queue of video decode process in the demultiplexing process, activates by the message queue that sends; (b) obtain current decode time according to PCR of system and local clock; (c) the PTS search according to each ES packet meets the ES data of decode time in video ES data buffer circle, if found the ES data that meet decode time, then gives decoder decode; If can not find then continue to be blocked on the message queue, the packet compliance with system decode time that carries up to new message; (d) the video original frame data that obtains after the decoding is stored in the frame buffer zone, and the PTS data that this buffer zone address and this frame carry are kept in the video PTS array of the overall situation, and pass to the audio video synchronization output process.
The implementation procedure of the described audio decoder process of above step 3 is as follows: (a) the audio decoder process blocking sends to the message queue of video decode process in the demultiplexing process, activates by the message queue that sends; (b) obtain current decode time according to PCR of system and local clock; (c) the PTS search according to each ES packet meets the ES data of decode time in audio ES data buffer circle, if found the ES data that meet decode time, then gives decoder decode; If can not find then continue to be blocked on the message queue, the packet compliance with system decode time that carries up to new message; (d) audio frequency PCM (the Pulse Code Modulation that obtains after the decoding, pulse-code modulation recording) storage is in frame buffer zone, the PTS data that this buffer zone address and this frame carry are kept in the video PTS array of the overall situation, and pass to the audio video synchronization output process.
Further, described video PTS array or audio frequency PTS array are the data structure of annular, and whether effectively each unit of described loop configuration all has a sign, can be to upgrade the data of this unit when sign is invalid.
Further, described message queue should judge whether it has spillover according to its length, if message queue is used and finishes in process of transmitting, then should P frame or B frame be abandoned according to video frame type, and empty the message queue of described frame correspondence.
The described temporal information of above step 3 is the PTS of this ES stream, and described storage space information comprises storage original position, end position and the initial code of decoded video ES stream and audio ES flow data.
The output procedure of the described audio video synchronization output process of above step 4 realizes by following steps: (a) the audio video synchronization output process is blocked in the video outgoing event; (b) because each frame output of video all produces a hardware interrupts, send a frame end of output incident in video breaks handling procedure ISR, notice audio video synchronization output process is removed the obstruction of this process; (c) the audio video synchronization output process in video PTS overall situation array, search produce with current system clock broadcast time an immediate frame PTS; (d) seek this frame original video data according to the PTS that finds, it is invalid that the data structure that the line output of going forward side by side (e) will be stored this frame frame address and PTS is masked as.
Further, can calculate according to output frame rate the blocking time of described audio video synchronization output process.
The output procedure of the described audio sync output process of above step 4 realizes by following steps: (a) the audio sync output process is blocked in the outgoing event of sampling PCM data; (b) speed according to the audio hardware output interface produces hardware interrupts, sends a frame end of output incident in audio frequency interrupt handling routine ISR, and the notification audio output process is removed the obstruction of this process; (c) the audio sync output process in audio frequency PTS overall situation array, search produce with current system clock broadcast time an immediate frame PTS; (d) seek the original PCM data of this frame according to the PTS that finds, the line output of going forward side by side; (e) data structure that will store this frame frame address and PTS be masked as invalid.
The present invention is owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, not only realized the synchronous output of audio frequency and video effectively, and do not need jumbo buffering area to cushion coded data and decoded graphics/audio frame, saved the storage resources of system greatly, can be based on the embedded OS platform development, implementation complexity is low.
Embodiment
Below will the audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control of the present invention be described in further detail.
The audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process of the present invention control is based on that on the DSP Blackfin BF533 platform of embedded OS of ADI exploitation realizes, the specific implementation step is as follows:
Step 1, under operating system, set up five processes, be respectively system layer demultiplexing process, video decode process, audio decoder process, audio video synchronization output process and audio sync output process;
Step 2, system layer demultiplexing process are finished looking the demultiplexing of audio transport stream packet, then transmit flow data are unpacked into two parts: (one) video ES (Element Stream, basic stream) stream and audio ES stream and (two) temporal information; Video ES stream and audio ES flow and will send the video decode process respectively to and the audio decoder process is decoded, and temporal information is used to upgrade the local system clock;
Step 3, audio decoder process and video decode process are decoded, and its time information is sent to audio video synchronization output process and audio sync output process with decoded data space information;
Step 4, audio video synchronization output process and audio sync output process compare the data of selecting to meet output time in the back according to the temporal information of decoded data and system clock and export.
Described video ES stream of above step 2 and audio ES stream filter according to PID (Program Identification, program identifier) and obtain, and are stored in the buffer circle.Described renewal local system clock is realized by following steps: (a) PID according to PCR seeks the PCR data in stream of the video ES behind demultiplexing and the audio ES stream; (b) find the PCR data after, judge whether local PCR exists, if there is no, then fiducial value and the expanding value with the PCR that finds stores respectively; If exist, then calculate current PCR data according to PCR data that exist and system time; (c) the current PCR data that calculate of comparison step (b) and the PCR data of obtaining from step (a) when both differences surpass the threshold value of system's regulation, are just upgraded the local system clock.
Further, described local system clock value interrupts adding up according to clock timer, timer produces an interruption for per 10 milliseconds, each clocking value that interrupts adds 90, when system clock value during more than or equal to the maximum of PCR, make zero and restart the timing that adds up, the maximum of PCR is 0xFB0E0500 in the present embodiment.
The implementation procedure of the described video decode process of above step 3 is as follows: (a) the video decode process blocking sends to the message queue of video decode process in the demultiplexing process, activates by the message queue that sends; (b) obtain current decode time according to PCR of system and local clock; (c) the PTS search according to each ES packet meets the ES data of decode time in video ES data buffer circle, if found the ES data that meet decode time, then gives decoder decode; If can not find then continue to be blocked on the message queue, the packet compliance with system decode time that carries up to new message; (d) the video original frame data that obtains after the decoding is stored in the frame buffer zone, and the PTS data that this buffer zone address and this frame carry are kept in the video PTS array of the overall situation, and pass to the audio video synchronization output process.
The implementation procedure of the described audio decoder process of above step 3 is as follows: (a) the audio decoder process blocking sends to the message queue of video decode process in the demultiplexing process, activates by the message queue that sends; (b) obtain current decode time according to PCR of system and local clock; (c) the PTS search according to each ES packet meets the ES data of decode time in audio ES data buffer circle, if found the ES data that meet decode time, then gives decoder decode; If can not find then continue to be blocked on the message queue, the packet compliance with system decode time that carries up to new message; (d) audio frequency PCM (the Pulse Code Modulation that obtains after the decoding, pulse-code modulation recording) storage is in frame buffer zone, the PTS data that this buffer zone address and this frame carry are kept in the video PTS array of the overall situation, and pass to the audio video synchronization output process.
Further, described video PTS array or audio frequency PTS array are the data structure of annular, and whether effectively each unit of described loop configuration all has a sign, can be to upgrade the data of this unit when sign is invalid.
Further, described message queue should judge whether it has spillover according to its length, if message queue is used and finishes in process of transmitting, then should P frame or B frame be abandoned according to video frame type, and empty the message queue of described frame correspondence.
The described temporal information of above step 3 is the PTS of this ES stream, and described storage space information comprises storage original position, end position and the initial code of decoded video ES stream and audio ES flow data.
The output procedure of the described audio video synchronization output process of above step 4 realizes by following steps: (a) the audio video synchronization output process is blocked in the video outgoing event; (b) because each frame output of video all produces a hardware interrupts, send a frame end of output incident in video breaks handling procedure ISR, notice audio video synchronization output process is removed the obstruction of this process; (c) the audio video synchronization output process in video PTS overall situation array, search produce with current system clock broadcast time an immediate frame PTS; (d) seek this frame original video data, the line output of going forward side by side according to the PTS that finds; (e) data structure that will store this frame frame address and PTS be masked as invalid.
Further, can calculate the blocking time of described audio video synchronization output process according to output frame rate, adopts the video output of Phase Alternation Line system in the present embodiment, and its frame per second was 29.97 frame/seconds, and can calculate the video output frame time interval probably is 40ms.
The output procedure of the described audio sync output process of above step 4 realizes by following steps: (a) the audio sync output process is blocked in the outgoing event of sampling PCM data; (b) speed according to the audio hardware output interface produces hardware interrupts, sends a frame end of output incident in audio frequency interrupt handling routine ISR, and the notification audio output process is removed the obstruction of this process; (c) the audio sync output process in audio frequency PTS overall situation array, search produce with current system clock broadcast time an immediate frame PTS; (d) seek the original PCM data of this frame according to the PTS that finds, the line output of going forward side by side; (e) data structure that will store this frame frame address and PTS be masked as invalid.
The present invention has utilized the basic principle of audio-visual system layer, the message event mechanism of compounding practice system, The characteristic of recycling embedded system hardware has been finished and has been looked audio sync output, and in the application of STB To checking, the advantage such as it is clear to have a software realization approach, and the code complexity is low.
Claims (12)
1. the audio-visual synchronization output intent of a multi-process control carries out multi-process by an operating system to the audio frequency and video transport stream and handles and export, and described system comprises a buffer circle and a frame buffer zone, it is characterized in that, described method realizes by following steps:
Step 1, under operating system, set up five processes, be respectively system layer demultiplexing process, video decode process, audio decoder process, audio video synchronization output process and audio sync output process;
Step 2, system layer demultiplexing process are finished looking the demultiplexing of audio transport stream packet, then transmit flow data are unpacked into video-frequency basic flow and audio frequency flows substantially, and temporal information; Video-frequency basic flow and audio frequency flow substantially and will send the video decode process respectively to and the audio decoder process is decoded, and temporal information is used to upgrade the local system clock;
Step 3, audio decoder process and video decode process are decoded, and its time information is sent to audio video synchronization output process and audio sync output process with decoded data space information;
Step 4, audio video synchronization output process and audio sync output process compare the data of selecting to meet output time in the back according to the temporal information of decoded data and system clock and export.
2. the audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process as claimed in claim 1 control is characterized in that, described video-frequency basic flow of step 2 and audio frequency flow substantially to filter according to program identifier (PID) and obtain, and are stored in the buffer circle.
3. the audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the described renewal local system of step 2 clock is realized by following steps: the PID according to program clock reference PCR during (a) video-frequency basic flow behind demultiplexing and audio frequency flow substantially seeks the PCR data; (b) find the PCR data after, judge whether local PCR exists, if there is no, then fiducial value and the expanding value with the PCR that finds stores respectively; If exist, then calculate current PCR data according to PCR data that exist and system time; (c) the current PCR data that calculate of comparison step (b) and the PCR data of obtaining from step (a) when both differences surpass the threshold value of system's regulation, are just upgraded the local system clock.
4. the audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described local system clock value interrupts adding up according to clock timer, timer produces an interruption for per 10 milliseconds, each clocking value that interrupts adds 90, when system clock value during, make zero and restart the timing that adds up more than or equal to the maximum of PCR.
5. the audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the implementation procedure of the described video decode process of step 3 is as follows: (a) the video decode process blocking sends to the message queue of video decode process in the demultiplexing process, activates by the message queue that sends; (b) obtain current decode time according to PCR of system and local clock; (c) the demonstration timestamp PTS search according to each basic stream packets meets the basic flow data of decode time in video-frequency basic flow data buffer circle, if found the basic flow data that meets decode time, then gives decoder decode; If can not find then continue to be blocked on the message queue, the packet compliance with system decode time that carries up to new message; (d) the video original frame data that obtains after the decoding is stored in the frame buffer zone, and the PTS data that this buffer zone address and this frame carry are kept in the video PTS array of the overall situation, and pass to the audio video synchronization output process.
6. the audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the implementation procedure of the described audio decoder process of step 3 is as follows: (a) the audio decoder process blocking sends to the message queue of video decode process in the demultiplexing process, activates by the message queue that sends; (b) obtain current decode time according to PCR of system and local clock; (c) the PTS search according to each basic stream packets meets the basic flow data of decode time in the basic flow data buffer circle of audio frequency, if found the basic flow data that meets decode time, then gives decoder decode; If can not find then continue to be blocked on the message queue, the packet compliance with system decode time that carries up to new message; (d) the audio frequency pulse-code modulation recording PCM storage that obtains after the decoding is in frame buffer zone, and the PTS data that this buffer zone address and this frame carry are kept in the video PTS array of the overall situation, and pass to the audio video synchronization output process.
7. as the audio-visual synchronization output intent of claim 5 or 6 described multi-process control, it is characterized in that, described video PTS array or audio frequency PTS array are the data structure of annular, whether effectively each unit of described loop configuration all has a sign, can be to upgrade the data of this unit when sign is invalid.
8. as the audio-visual synchronization output intent of claim 5 or 6 described multi-process control, it is characterized in that, described message queue should judge whether it has spillover according to its length, if message queue is used and finishes in process of transmitting, then should single directional prediction frame or bi-directional predicted frames be abandoned, and empty the message queue of described frame correspondence according to video frame type.
9. the audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described temporal information of step 3 is this PTS that flows substantially, and described storage space information comprises storage original position, end position and the initial code of decoded video-frequency basic flow and the basic flow data of audio frequency.
10. the audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the output procedure of the described audio video synchronization output process of step 4 realizes by following steps: (a) the audio video synchronization output process is blocked in the video outgoing event; (b) because each frame output of video all produces a hardware interrupts, send a frame end of output incident in video breaks handling procedure ISR, notice audio video synchronization output process is removed the obstruction of this process; (c) the audio video synchronization output process in video PTS overall situation array, search produce with current system clock broadcast time an immediate frame PTS; (d) seek this frame original video data, the line output of going forward side by side according to the PTS that finds; (e) data structure that will store this frame frame address and PTS be masked as invalid.
11. the audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that can calculate the blocking time of described audio video synchronization output process according to output frame rate.
12. the audio-visual synchronization output intent of multi-process control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the output procedure of the described audio sync output process of step 4 realizes by following steps: (a) the audio sync output process is blocked in the outgoing event of sampling PCM data; (b) speed according to the audio hardware output interface produces hardware interrupts, sends a frame end of output incident in audio frequency interrupt handling routine ISR, and the notification audio output process is removed the obstruction of this process; (c) the audio sync output process in audio frequency PTS overall situation array, search produce with current system clock broadcast time an immediate frame PTS; (d) seek the original PCM data of this frame according to the PTS that finds, the line output of going forward side by side; (e) data structure that will store this frame frame address and PTS be masked as invalid.
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CN110290422A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-27 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Timestamp stacking method, device, filming apparatus and storage device |
CN110290422B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Timestamp superposition method and device, shooting device and storage device |
CN113014981A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-22 | 海信视像科技股份有限公司 | Video playing method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
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