CN101146078A - A selection method for multi-input and multi-output space multiplexing pre-coding matrix - Google Patents
A selection method for multi-input and multi-output space multiplexing pre-coding matrix Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selection method of MIMO spatial multiplexing precoding matrix, which mainly includes the following steps: firstly, pre-define a set of precoding codebook with known transmitter and a receiver; store the precoding codebook in the transmitter and the receiver; the receiver selects a precoding matrix from the pre-defined precoding codebook, according to the prior channel information by estimation. The receiver feedbacks selected precoding matrix index to the transmitter by a feedback channel in channel coherence time. The transmitter determines the prior selected precoding matrix, according to the received precoding matrix index. The invention utilizes limited feedback bit number to improve communication performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the multi-antenna technology field in the radio communication, relate in particular to the space multiplexing technique of precoding in the wireless communication system that uses multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple output).
Background technology
The MIMO technology outstanding feature is exactly greatly to improve the spectrum efficiency (or power system capacity) of system and the reliability of Radio Link in the wireless communication field.Can derive based on information theory, if the transmitting power all identical (supposing that promptly transmitting terminal does not have priori to channel matrix) that each transmitting antenna is total, the MIMO capability of communication system is with min{Mt, the Mr} linear growth, and wherein Mt, Nr are respectively and transmit and receive antenna number.Simultaneously, some scholars propose, if the complete known or part known channel matrix of transmitting terminal, and make full use of the power that known channel matrix information is adjusted each transmitting antenna of MIMO communication system, then can further improve the MIMO capability of communication system.Therefore, in order to make the MIMO capability of communication system big as far as possible, a lot of patents have proposed the mimo system of closed loop precoding, be that all or part of feedback of channel information that the receiver of MIMO communication system will be estimated is given transmitter, the channel information that the transmitter utilization receives carries out precoding to transmitting.
In the wireless communication system of multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), spatial reuse (spatial multiplexing) is divided into the independently parallel subsequence in several roads and transmits simultaneously by importing data, thereby obtained higher frequency utilization efficient, yet, and be subject to the influence of mimo channel rank of matrix deficiency because multiplex techniques does not have redundancy on the spatial domain.Precoding technique at first will send sequence and be divided into M parallel subsequence, be assigned to different transmitting antennas again with after pre-coding matrix multiplies each other, thereby can suppress the influence of mimo channel rank of matrix deficiency to systematic function effectively.
Research to precoding, mostly based on complete this assumed condition of known channel state information of transmitting terminal, yet in a lot of mimo systems, the uplink and downlink channel does not have reciprocity, in the FDD system, this moment, transmitting terminal can only obtain the state information of channel by feedback channel, yet because limited frequency spectrum resources only can provide limited feedback bit number at the internal feedback coherence time of channel channel.How utilizing limited feedback bit number to improve communication performance in this case, is a practicality and challenging research topic.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of system of selection of multi-input and multi-output space multiplexing pre-coding matrix, improves communication performance to utilize limited feedback bit number.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of system of selection of multi-input and multi-output space multiplexing pre-coding matrix, comprise the steps:
(1) pre-defined one group of precoding codebook that transmitter and receiver is all known;
(2) described precoding codebook is stored in described transmitter and the described receiver;
(3) described receiver is selected a pre-coding matrix according to the current channel information of estimating to obtain from described predefined precoding codebook.
Described method further comprises:
(4) described receiver is in the coherence time of channel, and the index of the described pre-coding matrix of this selection is fed back to described transmitter by feedback channel;
(5) described transmitter is determined the pre-coding matrix of current selection according to the index of the described pre-coding matrix that receives.
Wherein, the described precoding codebook of step (1), be with the maximized principle of two norm minimum ranges of the projection of subspace and by pre-defined, or with the maximized principle predefine of the Fubini-Study minimum range of subspace, or with the maximized principle predefine of the string minimum range of subspace.
Wherein, in the described step (3), described receiver estimates to obtain described current channel information according to pilot tone.
Wherein, in the described step (3), described current channel information comprises the channel condition information of current channel.
Wherein, in the described step (3), described current channel information comprises the signal to noise ratio information of current channel.
Wherein, in the described step (3), the described step of selecting a pre-coding matrix from predefined precoding codebook minimizes or maximum capacity or the minimized principle selection of mean square error determinant of a matrix according to the mean square error matrix trace.
The system of selection of the multi-input and multi-output space multiplexing pre-coding matrix that the present invention realizes in wireless communication system, only utilizes limited feedback bit number to improve communication performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention flow chart;
Fig. 2 is the method for precoding embodiment flow chart based on spatial reuse of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the simulation result of the link performance of the spatial reuse of use precoding in the non-coded system.
Embodiment
This invention is intended to provide a kind of system of selection of multi-input and multi-output space multiplexing pre-coding matrix, be used in the method for the precoding of using closed-loop MIMO in the wireless telecommunication system, utilize limited feedback bit number to improve communication performance, mainly comprise the steps:
(101) with the maximized principle of two norm minimum ranges of the projection of subspace, pre-defined one group of precoding codebook that transmitter and receiver is all known;
(102) precoding codebook is stored in the transmitter and receiver;
(103) receiver estimates to obtain current channel information according to pilot tone, the channel condition information and the signal to noise ratio information that comprise current channel, minimize or maximum capacity or the minimized principle of mean square error determinant of a matrix according to the mean square error matrix trace, from predefined precoding codebook, select a pre-coding matrix.
Said method further comprises:
(104) receiver is in the coherence time of channel, and the index of the pre-coding matrix of this selection is fed back to transmitter by feedback channel;
(105) transmitter is determined the pre-coding matrix of current selection according to the index of the pre-coding matrix that receives.
In the above-mentioned steps (101), can also be according to the Fubini-Study minimum range maximization of subspace or the maximized principle of string minimum range of subspace, all known precoding codebook of the described transmitter and receiver of predefine.
At transmitting terminal, bit stream is become M road stream of modulation symbols by demultiplexing (perhaps being called serial/parallel conversion) then through after encoding, modulating; An alternative scheme is that bit stream is become M road bit stream by demultiplexing (perhaps being called serial/parallel conversion) earlier, and each road becomes M road stream of modulation symbols after encoding, modulating then.At moment k, produced symbolic vector Sk=[S like this
K, 1S
K, 2... S
K, M]
TThis symbolic vector S
kMultiply by a M then
tIt is the vector of Mt that X M pre-coding matrix F (selection of this pre-coding matrix can be described later) produces length
Here E
sIt is total transmitting power.If used the OFDM modulation, so every road symbols streams is carried out the operation of corresponding OFDM again, launches by many antennas again; If do not use OFDM, then directly launch by many antennas.
At receiving terminal, the baseband equivalence signal of reception is:
Use MMSE (minimum mean-square error) receiver to decipher at receiving terminal.At this, be example with linear MMSE receiver:
Decipher by following form at receiver end:
The channel matrix H here and
Can obtain by channel estimation method and signal-to-noise ratio estimation algorithm at receiving terminal by pilot tone.
Though receiver is that example describes with linear MMSE, is not limited to linear MMSE, and is suitable equally for the MMSE receiver of other types, for example iteration MMSE receiver.
At receiving terminal, the present invention selects pre-coding matrix (being code word) according to following principle in precoding codebook:
Wherein:
The mark of trace representing matrix (being the diagonal element sum).
For the wireless telecommunication system that uses OFDM,
The precoding codebook all known in advance to transmitter, receiver designs according to following principle: select to make the code book of minimum value maximum in projection two norms of column space of any a pair of code word matrix (pre-coding matrix).The design that is precoding codebook F should maximize
Here d
P2(F
i, F
j) expression F
iAnd F
jProjection two norms of the subspace of being opened are defined as follows:
According to the design of this principle, as follows for the code book of the space multiplexing system optimum of the closed loop of 2 reception antenna 4 bit feedback of 4 transmit antennas:
The code book of 2 reception antenna 4 bit feedback of table 1:4 transmit antennas
| Pre-coding matrix index | Column1 | Column2 | |
| 1 | 0.0962+0.4648i | 0.2347-0.6270i | |
| 0.2782+0.6514i | -0.0843-0.0245i | ||
| -0.4252-0.21 35i | -0.2324-0.4021i | ||
| -0.2156 | -0.5731 | ||
| 2 | 0.0191-0.0914i | 0.2654+0.3 875i | |
| -0.1905+0.2672i | 0.5781-0.5601i | ||
| -0.01 30+0.2955i | -0.0510-0.0784i | ||
| 0.8922 | 0.3504 | ||
| 3 | 0.2122-0.2470i | 0.1605-0.6748i |
| -0.2191+0.2717i | 0.2446-0.1753i | |
| 0.3803+0.0452i | 0.3978+0.3933i | |
| 0.7908 | -0.3397 | |
| 4 | -0.1473+0.5963i | -0.0588+0.0246i |
| -0.3022+0.2338i | 0.2828-0.4373i | |
| 0.0940+0.3170i | 0.1248-0.6161i | |
| 0.6061 | 0.5741 | |
| 5 | -0.1746-0.6538i | 0.3520+0.4416i |
| 0.4352-0.1163i | -0.0459-0.3497i | |
| -0.0629+0.1223i | 0.1256-0.3156i | |
| 0.5659 | 0.6643 | |
| 6 | 0.1884-0.8249i | -0.1363+0.0803i |
| 0.0684-0.4147i | 0.2392+0.4012i | |
| -0.0119-0.0658i | -0.4829-0.2019i | |
| 0.3208 | 0.6949 | |
| 7 | -0.0638+0.7263i | -0.4474-0.3599i |
| -0.0019-0.3922i | -0.1876-0.0408i | |
| -0.4584+0.0946i | 0.0055+0.5974i | |
| 0.3091 | 0.5259 | |
| 8 | -0.3021+0.0419i | 0.6658-0.1688i |
| 0.0253-0.0299i | -0.3959-0.5629i | |
| -0.5238+0.6615i | -0.0908+0.1090i | |
| -0.4399 | -0.1858 | |
| 9 | 0.5049-0.0156i | 0.1661+0.4162i |
| -0.0721+0.1338i | 0.0001-0.0592i | |
| -0.4751-0.2763i | 0.3718+0.6728i | |
| 0.6478 | 0.4525 | |
| 10 | 0.4704+0.1170i | 0.1461+0.1383i |
| 0.4108-0.0525i | -0.7159+0.5112i | |
| -0.6526-0.3397i | -0.4100+0.1242i | |
| 0.2288 | 0.0467 |
| 11 | -0.6454+0.2182i | 0.0394+0.2796i |
| 0.4437+0.1299i | -0.6793-0.0264i | |
| -0.2522-0.0133i | -0.3539-0.4647i | |
| 0.5083 | 0.3418 | |
| 12 | 0.0806+0.1836i | 0.0954+0.0929i |
| -0.1701-0.2366i | 0.4952+0.4922i | |
| 0.0921+0.8482i | 0.0159-0.1082i | |
| -0.3832 | -0.6949 | |
| 13 | -0.4611-0.3301i | 0.0644+0.0628i |
| 0.3125-0.0822i | -0.2357+0.6715i | |
| -0.0444+0.4814i | 0.4004-0.2255i | |
| 0.5834 | 0.5237 | |
| 14 | -0.1412-0.4628i | -0.0714-0.3358i |
| -0.1229+0.2240i | 0.0195-0.4623i | |
| -0.1449+0.5543i | 0.2737-0.5859i | |
| 0.6102 | 0.4998 | |
| 15 | 0.8628+0.0608i | 0.1373-0.2705i |
| 0.1006+0.3005i | -0.8524+0.0032i | |
| 0.3175-0.0168i | -0.2812-0.0314i | |
| 0.2247 | 0.3185 | |
| 16 | -0.4669-0.0392i | 0.2133+0.2619i |
| -0.1828+0.1433i | -0.8201+0.0924i | |
| -0.2339-0.6949i | 0.1072+0.2616i | |
| -0.4346 | -0.3533 |
Precoding codebook shown in the table 1 has following characteristics: this precoding codebook is a code book at the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches, and the column vector of any one pre-coding matrix wherein is mutually orthogonal, and wherein column vector is the mutually orthogonal following condition that satisfies:
F
g HF
g=I
M, g=1 ..., G, G=2
BB is the bit number of feedback.
Receiver according to
The principle of (the mean square error matrix trace minimizes) (here, also can be maximum capacity principle or mean square error determinant of a matrix minimization principle) pre-coding matrix of selection from predefined code book, and in the coherence time of channel, the index of this pre-coding matrix is fed back to transmitter by feedback channel, transmitter obtains pre-coding matrix (precoding codebook is stored in the transmitter and receiver in advance) according to the index of this pre-coding matrix, according to this pre-coding matrix emission signal vector is carried out pre-encode operation then, thereby form the process of spatial reuse of the precoding of a closed loop.
As shown in Figure 2, be method for precoding embodiment flow chart based on spatial reuse of the present invention.Comprise the steps:
The maximized principle of two norm minimum ranges of pressing the projection of subspace defines the code book (step 201) of the precoding of an optimization;
Transmitter carries out Space Time Coding (step 202) to symbols streams;
Transmitter is selected corresponding pre-coding matrix according to pre-coding matrix index, and carries out corresponding pre-encode operation (step 203);
Receiver is selected the pre-coding matrix (step 204) an of the best from the code book of precoding according to the minimized principle of mean square error matrix trace;
Receiver feeds back to transmitter (step 205) with the index of this pre-coding matrix by feedback channel in the coherence time of channel.
As shown in Figure 3, be the simulation result of the link performance of the spatial reuse of use precoding in the non-coded system, its simulated conditions is as follows:
Bandwidth: 5MHz;
Frequency: 2GHz;
The OFDM relevant parameter:
Subcarrier spacing: 9.6KHz;
FFT counts: 512;
Useful subcarrier number: 480;
Protection subcarrier number: 32;
Antenna configurations: 4 transmit antennas, 2 reception antennas;
Channel model: the SCM channel model of simplification;
Receiver: linear MMSE receiver;
Channel estimating: ideal communication channel is estimated.
Document shown in Fig. 3 [1] is: 3GPP2 TSG-C WG3 ContributionC30-20060731-039R2, " Fourier-based MIMO Precoders ";
Shown document [2] is: 3GPP2 TSG-C WG3 Contribution C30-20060911-072, " MIMO Design for LBC-FDD ".
Claims (9)
1. the system of selection of a multi-input and multi-output space multiplexing pre-coding matrix in order to improve the communication performance of wireless communication system, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) pre-defined one group of precoding codebook that transmitter and receiver is all known;
(2) described precoding codebook is stored in described transmitter and the described receiver;
(3) described receiver is selected a pre-coding matrix according to the current channel information of estimating to obtain from described predefined precoding codebook.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described method further comprises:
(4) described receiver is in the coherence time of channel, and the index of the described pre-coding matrix of this selection is fed back to described transmitter by feedback channel;
(5) described transmitter is determined the pre-coding matrix of current selection according to the index of the described pre-coding matrix that receives.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described precoding codebook of step (1), be with the maximized principle of two norm minimum ranges of the projection of subspace and by pre-defined, or with the maximized principle predefine of the Fubini-Study minimum range of subspace, or with the maximized principle predefine of the string minimum range of subspace.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (3), described receiver estimates to obtain described current channel information according to pilot tone.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (3), described current channel information comprises the channel condition information of current channel.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (3), described current channel information comprises the signal to noise ratio information of current channel.
7. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step (3), the described step of selecting a pre-coding matrix from predefined precoding codebook minimizes or maximum capacity or the minimized principle selection of mean square error determinant of a matrix according to the mean square error matrix trace.
8. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, under the situation of 4 feedback bits of 2 reception antennas of 4 transmit antennas, described transmitter and described receiver predefine precoding codebook are code books at the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches, and the column vector of any one pre-coding matrix wherein is mutually orthogonal.
9. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, under the situation of 4 feedback bits of 2 reception antennas of 4 transmit antennas, described pre-coding matrix is:
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