CN101116609B - Scanning type automatic zooming iris image gathering system and gathering method thereof - Google Patents
Scanning type automatic zooming iris image gathering system and gathering method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a scan type automatic zooming iris image acquisition system and acquisition method, wherein the acquisition system comprises an image acquisition unit and a control unit; the image acquisition unit comprises a camera, a chilled mirror, a light source, a focus-variable optical lens set and an image acquisition card; the control unit comprises a light source control circuit, a zooming motor control circuit, a zooming motor and a computer; the chilled mirror, the focus-variable optical lens set and the chilled mirror are connected together in turn with the central axial lines being at one straight line; the light source which is positioned around the chilled mirror is used to illuminate the eyes of acquisition object; the zooming motor which is connected with the focus-variable optical lens set is used to regulate the imaging distance of the focus-variable optical lens set to move between farthest and nearest positions; the image acquisition card is used to receive images collected by the camera and to transmit the images to the computer; the computer controls switch on/off of the light source through the light source control circuit; the zooming motor control circuit connects the zooming motor and the computer, while the computer controls the zooming motor control circuit to make the zooming motor rotate. The invention has the advantages of a simple structure, low cost and short acquisition time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to living things feature recognition and secure authentication technology field, particularly non-contacting scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system and acquisition method.
Background technology
Living things feature recognition (Biometrics) be with the inherent various physiology of human body and morphological characteristic as the identification medium, thereby reach unique identification personal identification, carry out the emerging research subject of personal identification.Compare with traditional identity authentication means, based on the identity authentication technology of living things feature recognition have be difficult for forgeing or lose, advantage such as anti-counterfeiting performance is good, carry.
Iris identification is one of topmost research contents in the living things feature recognition.Compare with biological characteristics such as fingerprint, people's faces, iris has natural advantages such as protected characteristic, uniqueness, high stability and high antifalsification, has very high accuracy rate.
With respect to other biological feature identification techniques such as people's faces, iris identification is had relatively high expectations to image acquisition.The diameter of iris has only about 1 centimetre, for good identification, need collect clear grain details wherein.Therefore the acquisition technique of high-quality iris image is an importance of iris recognition technology, is one of key of iris recognition technology practicability.
Existing iris image acquiring device mainly is divided into two classes, and a class is the harvester of contact, and another kind of is contactless harvester.
The iris capturing device of contact, the user in use, eyes need be fixed on certain parts of harvester.The advantage of this acquisition mode is: user's eyeball can well be located in place, thereby collect clearly the ideal iris image of illumination.But also there is significant disadvantages in this acquisition mode: the mode that contact is gathered, can seriously weaken user's acceptance.
Contactless iris capturing device is divided into fixed focal length harvester and variable focal length harvester again.For the fixed focal length harvester, need prompt system and point out the user to move forward and backward head, when eyes of user was positioned at correct position, harvester collected iris image clearly.For the variable focal length harvester, do not need the user to move forward and backward head, change focal length automatically by harvester, make photographic head focus on the client iris, collect iris image clearly.The fixed focal length harvester, simple in structure, cost is lower, but higher to customer requirements, and man-machine friendly is poor.The variable focal length harvester generally has the zoom motor and focuses on motor, by dedicated algorithms such as image definition assessments, judges whether to focus accurately, then by special control system, controls the zoom motor and focuses on motor and rotate.After the repeated multiple times, reach vernier focusing like this.So its complex structure, cost is higher, but advantage is that man-machine friendly is higher.In addition, for the fixed focal length harvester, the user needs the head that moves forward and backward repeatedly to come aligned position sometimes, and the variable focal length harvester, sometimes need adjustment focal length back and forth to make photographic head focus on user's the eyes again, so these two kinds of acquisition methods long problem of acquisition time when all having.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems: a kind of scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system and acquisition method are provided, and to overcome existing variable focal length iris capturing apparatus structure complexity, cost is higher, and the long defective of acquisition time sometimes.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system, its characteristics are to comprise: image acquisition units and control unit, described image acquisition units comprises photographic head, Cold Mirrors, near-infrared light source, varifocal optical lens group and image pick-up card, and described control unit comprises control circuit for light source, zoom circuit for controlling motor, zoom motor, computer; Cold Mirrors, varifocal optical lens group and photographic head are linked in sequence successively, and their central axis is located on the same line; Near-infrared light source be positioned at Cold Mirrors around, when gathering, be used for illuminating eyes position by the picker; The zoom motor connects varifocal optical lens group, and the image-forming range that is used to regulate varifocal optical lens group changes the focal length of whole varifocal optical lens group moving farthest and between the proximal most position; Photographic head is connected with computer by image pick-up card, by image pick-up card receive the image of camera collection real-time be transferred to computer, computer is by the image definition evaluation algorithm, judges which width of cloth image that receives is an iris image clearly; Computer is by the Kai Heguan of control circuit for light source control near-infrared light source; The zoom circuit for controlling motor connects zoom motor and computer, and computer control zoom circuit for controlling motor rotates (the deleting) of zoom motor.
Scan-type autozoom iris image acquiring method, step is as follows:
(1) after the iris image acquiring process started, computer started near-infrared light source by control circuit for light source, illuminates by picker's iris;
(2) computer is by the zoom circuit for controlling motor, starting the zoom motor rotates continuously toward certain direction, change thereby drive varifocal optical lens group focal length, make the image-forming range of varifocal optical lens group from beginning farthest, perhaps from changing the most continuously to changing continuously recently;
(3) when starting the rotation of zoom motor, the computer control image pick-up card receives each frame image information that photographic head transmits continuously;
(4) change to recently or farthest the time, close near-infrared light source when the image-forming range of varifocal optical lens group, the zoom motor stops operating, and image pick-up card stops to receive photographic head image transmitted information;
(5) computer is by the definition judgment algorithm, judge which width of cloth image is the most clear in a series of images that receives, promptly think the image that blur-free imaging plane that this width of cloth image is exactly varifocal optical lens group collects when being overlapped by the position plane at picker's eyes place, the clear iris image that just finally obtains.
Principle of the present invention: the scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system that the present invention proposes adopts the automatic zooming method of scan-type to gather iris image, (can be seen that from Cold Mirrors those eyes that will gather are positioned at the central authorities of Cold Mirrors by the eye alignment Cold Mirrors that the picker will gather, i.e. expression has been aimed at), as long as the distance of eye distance Cold Mirrors is positioned at the image-forming range farthest (approximately 30cm) of Varifocal zoom lens group between the nearest image-forming range (approximately 8cm); The whole capture program of computer starting starts the near infrared light source lighting by picker's iris by control circuit for light source; Starting the zoom motor by the zoom circuit for controlling motor rotates continuously toward certain direction, thereby drive varifocal optical lens group, make the image-forming range of lens group from beginning farthest to changing recently continuously (perhaps from changing the most continuously), therefore a moment is always arranged, the blur-free imaging plane of varifocal optical lens group with overlapped by the position plane at picker's eyes place, this time camera collection to image be iris image clearly; Simultaneously, computer receives a series of images of camera collection by image pick-up card; When the image-forming range of varifocal optical lens group changed to recently (or farthest), gatherer process finished, and light source is closed, and the zoom motor stops operating, and image pick-up card stops to receive the image that photographic head transmits; Computer is by the image definition evaluation algorithm, judge which width of cloth image is the most clear in a series of images that receives, can think that blur-free imaging plane that this width of cloth image is exactly varifocal optical lens group is when being overlapped by the position plane at picker's eyes place, the image that collects, the clear iris image that just finally obtains.If first width of cloth in this a series of images or last piece image are the most clear, promptly think too far away or too near apart from the distance of camera lens by the picker, this computer-chronograph can be reminded moving-head, the collection once more forward or backward by the picker.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) the present invention is with respect to traditional contactless variable focal length iris capturing method, the most outstanding is not both: traditional contactless variable focal length iris capturing method, substantially be the definition that every collection piece image is just judged a hypograph, determine whether to focus accurately, inaccurate if focus, then adjust the focal length of focusing lens and amasthenic lens, and then images acquired, judge definition.So repeatedly, last accurately focusing, and then collect iris image clearly.And the scan-type autozoom iris image acquiring method that the present invention proposes, the blur-free imaging position of Varifocal zoom lens group is positioned at farthest (approximately being positioned at the preceding 30cm of Cold Mirrors) or (approximately is positioned at the preceding 8cm of Cold Mirrors) the most nearby when gathering beginning, after gathering beginning, the zoom motor rotates toward certain direction continuously, thereby make the image space of Varifocal zoom lens group by farthest continuously to nearest variation (or by recently continuously to changing farthest), when image space arrived nearest (or farthest), gatherer process finished.At this moment, computer is searched the highest image of definition again as final iris capturing image in a series of images that collects.This acquisition method, as long as by picker's eyes to the distance of varifocal optical lens group in the zooming range of lens group (for example at 8cm between the 30cm, along with the difference of varifocal optical lens group parameter can change to some extent), just can collect iris image clearly.
(2) the present invention is owing to adopt image-forming range from the continuous sweep formula autozoom image-pickup method of (or from recently to farthest) as far as recently, reduced the complexity of focal control circuit, reduced requirement, therefore can reduce the cost of whole acquisition system zoom motor and varifocal optical lens group precision.Simultaneously, single pass just can be finished the collection of iris image, so acquisition time is very fast, is generally less than 1.5 seconds, adopts zoom motor and higher photographic head and the image pick-up card of per second collection frame number faster, can further shorten acquisition time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the part in the sequence image of gathering in the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is opticses of acquisition system by near-infrared light source 3, Cold Mirrors 2, varifocal optical lens group 4 and photographic head 6; Cold Mirrors 2, varifocal optical lens group 4 are connected successively with photographic head 6, and their central axis is located on the same line; Near-infrared light source 3 be positioned at Cold Mirrors 2 around, can be one or more near-infrared light sources, when gathering, be used for illuminating eyes position by the picker; Near-infrared light source 3 is used for lighting consumer's iris, adopts near-infrared light source, is generally semiconductor light-emitting-diode or halogen lamp etc.; Cold Mirrors 2 reflect visible light, the general 400nm of wavelength sees through near infrared light to 700nm, and the general 700nm of wavelength is to 900nm, and the computer control near-infrared light source is only luminous when gathering iris image, to save power consumption and the service life that prolongs light source; The Cold Mirrors 2 general plane mirrors that adopt also can adopt concave mirror, like this can be to the virtual image that is become to amplify by picker's eyes; Varifocal optical lens group 4 is made up of fixed lens a, c and the moving lens b between fixed lens a, c, and moving lens b is connected with zoom motor 11, under the drive of zoom motor 11, can move forward and backward; When moving lens b moved forward and backward, the focal length of whole varifocal optical lens group 4 changed, and image-forming range also changes accordingly; When moving lens b moves to top position from rearmost position, the image-forming range of varifocal optical lens group 4 is accordingly from plan-position, A point place, 2 about 30cm move to plan-position, B point place apart from Cold Mirrors, apart from Cold Mirrors 2 about 8cm, select different varifocal optical lens groups for use, can adjust image-forming range farthest and proximal most position; Photographic head 6 adopts 1/3 " the CCD photographic head, video output standard is a pal mode, also can select the CCD photographic head of different size photosensitive area and different video output standard for use; Photographic head 6 is connected with computer 8 by image pick-up card 9; Acquisition controlling button 7 is connected with computer 8 by lead, manually presses this button when gathering, and can notify computer starting whole capture program; Computer 8 can be controlled the Kai Heguan of near-infrared light source 3 by control circuit for light source 5; Computer 8 can be controlled rotating and reverse of zoom motor 11 by zoom circuit for controlling motor 10; Near-infrared light source 3, Cold Mirrors 2, varifocal optical lens group 4, control circuit for light source 5, photographic head 6, acquisition controlling button 7, zoom circuit for controlling motor 10 and zoom motor 11, put together, be loaded in the plastic casing that is of moderate size, constitute iris image acquiring head 12.
Control circuit for light source 5 among the present invention can adopt simple and known control circuit, is made up of serial communication module (being serial ports) and audion, is connected with computer by string line.When beginning to gather iris image or finishing to gather, the on and off of light source are controlled in the instruction of serial communication module receiving computer then by audion.
Zoom circuit for controlling motor 10 can be made up of serial communication module and general PWM circuit for controlling motor module, is connected with computer by string line.When beginning to gather iris image, the instruction of serial communication module receiving computer is then by PWM circuit for controlling motor module controls zoom motor main story or counter-rotating; When gathering end, control zoom motor stops transmission.
Scan-type autozoom iris image acquiring method of the present invention, process is as follows:
1. before being stood by the picker or being seated at iris image acquiring head 12, the eyes 1 that will gather are aimed at Cold Mirrors 2, can see that from Cold Mirrors those eyes that will gather are positioned at the central authorities of Cold Mirrors, the harvester of promptly having represented eye alignment;
2. roughly estimated the distance of eyes by the picker to Cold Mirrors 2, as long as between the 30cm,, then carry out corresponding mobile if exceed this scope at 8cm, because 8cm is relatively large to the scope of 30cm, be easy to make the eyes of oneself to be positioned at this scope by the picker;
By the picker in definite eye alignment, under the favorably situated situation, press acquisition controlling button 7, the whole capture program of computer starting;
4. computer 8 starts near-infrared light source 3 illuminations by picker's eyes 1 by control circuit for light source 5;
5. simultaneously, computer 8 starts zoom motor 11 by focal control circuit 10 and rotates continuously toward certain direction, thereby the moving lens b that drives in the variable optical zoom lens group 4 moves forward or backward, make the image-forming range of varifocal optical lens group 4 from beginning farthest to recently continuously changing or from changing the most continuously, therefore a moment is always arranged, the blur-free imaging plane of varifocal optical lens group with overlapped by the position plane at picker's eyes place, this moment camera collection to image be iris image clearly;
6. simultaneous computer 8 receives a series of images that photographic head 6 is gathered by image pick-up card 9;
7. change to recently or farthest the time, gatherer process finishes when the image-forming range of varifocal optical lens group 4, computer 8 sends control instruction, and near-infrared light source 3 is closed, and zoom motor 11 stops operating, and image pick-up card 9 stops to receive the image that photographic head 6 transmits;
8. computer 8 is by the image definition evaluation algorithm, judge which width of cloth image is the most clear in a series of images that receives, can think the image that blur-free imaging plane that this width of cloth image is exactly varifocal optical lens group collects when being overlapped by the position plane at picker's eyes place, the clear iris image that just finally obtains;
9. if first width of cloth in this a series of images or last piece image are the most clear, promptly think too far away or too near apart from the distance of Cold Mirrors 2 by picker's eyes 1, this computer-chronograph 8 can be reminded moving-head, the collection once more forward or backward by the picker.
Figure 2 shows that a part of image in a series of images that scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system collects in a gatherer process.As can be seen, along with the increase of serial number n, the definition of image slowly uprises at first, then step-down slowly again.It is distant that this shows that the imaging plane of varifocal optical lens group departs from first by plan-position, picker's eyes place, along with the lens group image-forming range is near or far away by near side (ns) by change far away, the imaging plane of varifocal optical lens group is more and more approaching by plan-position, picker's eyes place.When both overlap substantially, the lens group shape library, the image definition that at this time collects reaches the highest.Subsequently, the imaging plane of lens group continues to move, and slowly departs from by plan-position, picker's eyes place, so the image that collects thickens again.Computer is found out the highest image of definition by the image definition evaluation algorithm in this sequence image, promptly Fig. 2 d is the clear iris image that finally needs.
Facts have proved, the scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system of present embodiment is owing to adopt image-forming range from as far as recently or from recently to farthest continuous sweep formula autozoom image-pickup method, reduced the complexity of focal control circuit, reduced requirement, therefore can reduce the cost of whole acquisition system zoom motor and Varifocal zoom lens group precision.Simultaneously, single pass just can be finished the collection of iris image, so acquisition time is very fast, is generally less than 1.5 seconds, adopts zoom motor and higher photographic head and the image pick-up card of per second collection frame number faster, can further shorten acquisition time.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.For example by changing the blur-free imaging scope that the Varifocal zoom lens group changes acquisition system, do not use the acquisition controlling button and use mouse to control the beginning of collection, whether have user, thereby begin iris image acquiring etc. automatically if perhaps using range finder module to detect.
The above embodiments and advantage only are exemplary, the present invention are not construed as limiting.The present invention can easily be applied to the device of other type.Description of the present invention is to be used to describe, and does not limit the scope of claim.For those skilled in the art, obviously a lot of replacements, improvement and variation can be arranged, all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop in the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system, it is characterized in that comprising: image acquisition units and control unit, described image acquisition units comprises photographic head, Cold Mirrors, near-infrared light source, varifocal optical lens group and image pick-up card, and described control unit comprises control circuit for light source, zoom circuit for controlling motor, zoom motor, computer; Cold Mirrors, varifocal optical lens group and photographic head are linked in sequence successively, and their central axis is located on the same line; Near-infrared light source be positioned at Cold Mirrors around, when gathering, be used for illuminating eyes position by the picker; The zoom motor connects varifocal optical lens group, is used to regulate the focal length of varifocal optical lens group; Photographic head is connected with computer by image pick-up card, by image pick-up card receive the image of camera collection real-time be transferred to computer; Computer is by the Kai Heguan of control circuit for light source control near-infrared light source; The zoom circuit for controlling motor connects zoom motor and computer; When gathering iris image, computer control zoom circuit for controlling motor, the zoom motor can only be rotated continuously toward certain single direction, thereby driving varifocal optical lens group focal length changes, make the image-forming range of Varifocal zoom lens group from beginning farthest, perhaps from changing the most continuously to changing recently continuously; From as far as near or from closely to the whole shooting distance of single pass far away, gather a series of iris image, gather the definition of judging image after finishing again, therefrom filter out best iris image.
2. scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described near-infrared light source adopts near infrared light, and iris by the picker is used for throwing light on.
3. scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Cold Mirrors reflect visible light sees through near infrared light.
4. scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described photographic head adopts the CCD photographic head.
5. scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Cold Mirrors adopts plane mirror, or adopts concave mirror, and described concave mirror can be to the virtual image that is become to amplify by picker's eyes.
6. scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described varifocal optical lens group is made up of two fixed lens and the moving lens between two fixed lens.
7. scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described near-infrared light source, Cold Mirrors, varifocal optical lens group, control circuit for light source, photographic head, zoom circuit for controlling motor and zoom motor put together, pack in the plastic casing, constitute the iris image acquiring head.
8. scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described computer control light source is only luminous when gathering iris image, to save the service life of power consumption and prolongation light source.
9. scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described near-infrared light source is one or more.
10. scan-type autozoom iris image gathering system according to claim 1, the concrete steps that it is characterized in that gathering iris image are as follows:
(1) after the iris image acquiring process started, computer started near-infrared light source by control circuit for light source, illuminates by picker's iris;
(2) computer is by the zoom circuit for controlling motor, starting the zoom motor can only rotate continuously toward certain single direction, thereby driving varifocal optical lens group focal length continuously changes, make the image-forming range of varifocal optical lens group from beginning farthest, perhaps from changing the most continuously to changing recently continuously;
(3) when starting the rotation of zoom motor, the computer control image pick-up card receives each frame image information that photographic head transmits continuously;
(4) change to recently or farthest the time, close near-infrared light source when the image-forming range of varifocal optical lens group, the zoom motor stops operating, and image pick-up card stops to receive photographic head image transmitted information;
(5) computer is by the definition judgment algorithm, judge which width of cloth image is the most clear in a series of images that receives, promptly think the image that blur-free imaging plane that this width of cloth image is exactly varifocal optical lens group collects when being overlapped by the position plane at picker's eyes place, the clear iris image that just finally obtains.
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