CN101112306B - Method and equipment for non-invasive core temperature measuring and the calibration equipment and the calibration method thereof - Google Patents
Method and equipment for non-invasive core temperature measuring and the calibration equipment and the calibration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device, a marking device and a marking method of the non-invasive karyosome temperature measurement, characterized in that a heat insulating material layer is arranged on the body surface of the human body, a body surface temperature sensor is arranged between the inner side of the heat insulating material layer and the body surface of the human body to detect the temperature of the body surface of the human body (Ts), an environment temperature sensor is arranged at the outer side of the heat insulating material layer to detect the environment temperature (Te), an electric heating component is arranged on the outer side of the heat insulating material layer to generate the simulated temperature of environment. The temperature data of the body surface and the environment is obtained by measuring and is undergone the analysis of the heat transfer process by an analog circuit, then the temperature of the human body karyosome (Tc) is estimated by the analytic method of increasing the transient analog circuit. By adopting the method and the device of the invention, the non-invasive karyosome temperature measurement to the human body can be continuously, dynamically, personably carried out for a long term. The invention is convenient in use, low in manufacture and operation, high in accuracy. The accuracy of measuring the human body karyosome canbe improved by adopting the marked device and the using method of the invention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of method and apparatus that obtains the human body dynamic physiological parameter, specifically is a kind of measuring method, device of non-invasive core temperature.
Background technology
The dynamic variation of human body core temperature is comprising the very abundant information of thermoregulation system, is important vital sign, and it can be used as a kind of intermediate parameters and provides reference frame for the comprehensive diagnos of the multiple disease of human body.Continuous, the kinetic measurement branch of core temperature have wound and noinvasive two class methods, have the wound method to bring certain damage to human body, for the occasion of the long-term continuous monitoring of needs, have the wound method that very big inconvenience is arranged.Noinvasive measurement of bldy temperature method has heat insulation method, zero heat flow method etc.After heat insulation method hypothesis body surface was done insulation, skin temperature equaled core temperature.The heat insulation method testing time is long, and precision is very restricted because of the difference of adiabator performance.The basic ideas of zero heat flow method are to send hot-fluid with the heat radiation of compensation body surface at body surface to human body, think that skin temperature equals core temperature when hot-fluid is zero.Zero heat flow method needs heating, chiller to come the balance hot-fluid, and device is comparatively complicated.Also have the scholar to carry out such as infrared method microwave method, ultrasonic method, the research of nuclear magnetic resonance, method measuring body nuclear temperature in addition.These methods all have specific separately application conditions.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of method, device of non-invasive core temperature measuring, can realize human body is carried out long-term, continuous, dynamic, personalized non-invasive core temperature measuring with the inventive method and device, easy to operation, degree of accuracy is high.
The method that core temperature of the present invention is measured comprises following content:
1, at body surface insulation material layer is set, the shell temperature pick off is set between insulation material layer inboard and the body surface, be used for human body shell temperature (Ts), at insulation material layer arranged outside environment temperature sensor, be used for testing environment temperature (Te), and be provided for producing the electroheat member of simulated environment temperature;
2, carry out the analysis and the calculating of diabatic process with analog circuit, comprise following process:
With electroheat member simulated environment intensification (Δ Te), record skin temperature variable quantity (Δ Ts) this moment, as personalized correction coefficient (A), and the ratio that obtains variation of ambient temperature amount (Δ Te) and skin temperature variable quantity (Δ Ts) is as the ambient temperature correction coefficient (α) of ambient temperature to the skin temperature influence with this ratio that obtains body surface tissue equivalent thermal resistance (Rc) and described insulation material layer equivalent thermal resistance (Re);
Get the core temperature value (T in a certain moment of human body with the electric body-temperature instrumentation
C0), record shell temperature value (T this moment simultaneously
S0) and ambient temperature value (Te
0), as the reference datum mark;
Promptly begin to measure estimation after finishing said process: measure body surface temperature value (Ts) and ambient temperature (Te), equivalent thermal resistance (Re), thermal capacity (Cs) according to described insulation material layer, with aforementioned individuation correction coefficient of obtaining (A) and ambient temperature positive coefficient (α), promptly available transient simulation circuit analysis method estimation human body core temperature (T
C), in estimation, proofread and correct body surface tissue equivalent's thermal resistance (Rc) with individuation correction coefficient (A), remove the influence of ambient temperature (Te) skin temperature (Ts) with ambient temperature correction coefficient (α), in the estimation with the core temperature value (T of described reference point
C0) calibrate.
The device of non-invasive core temperature measuring of the present invention is: be provided with the binding strip (1) that can be fixed on the human body, insulation material layer (2) is set on the binding strip, the position that body surface is being pasted in insulation material layer inside is provided with shell temperature pick off (3), the insulation material layer outside is provided with environment temperature sensor (4) and is used to produce the electroheat member (5) of simulated environment temperature, and described shell temperature pick off is connected with the signals collecting display device with the environment temperature sensor outfan.
Below the principle of the inventive method is done an explanation, the inventive method adopts the analysis and the calculating of breadboardin diabatic process: referring to
Fig. 2 the inventive method is simplified thermal resistance analysis figure with the steady heat conduction of breadboardin diabatic process
Simplification breadboardin figure during steady heat conduction that Fig. 3 the inventive method is adopted
Simplification breadboardin figure when the increase transient state transient term heat conduction that Fig. 4 the inventive method is adopted changes.
Can analyze according to the foregoing circuit simulation drawing: skin temperature transducer is measured body surface temperature value Ts and is subjected to four kinds of factor affecting, i.e. core temperature Tc, ambient temperature Te, adiabator physical property (thermal resistance Re, thermal capacity Cs) and the equivalent thermal resistance Rc of body surface organization.The simplification mathematical relationship of Tc and above-mentioned four factors, figure can be derived as (according to Kirchhoff's current law (KCL)) by transient state heat conduction breadboardin:
Tc＝Rc×Cs×dTs/dt+Rc/Re×(Ts-Te)+Ts (1)
Tc and the simplification mathematical relationship of above-mentioned four factors in the steady heat conduction stage are:
Tc＝Rc/Re×(Ts-Te)+Ts (2)
Above-mentioned formula (1), (2) promptly are that the inventive method adopts transient simulation circuit analysis method estimation human body core temperature (T
C) basic representation, can find out from above-mentioned formula (1): body surface temperature T s and ambient temperature Te can record by pick off, insulation material layer thermal resistance Re, thermal capacity Cs (depending primarily on density p and specific heat capacity c) can artificially design, have only the thermal resistance Rc of body surface tissue equivalent to be difficult for obtaining, and Rc also can be because of the body surface fat of different human body, the individual variation of factors such as muscle and have more different, in addition, the variation of body surface temperature T s is that human body core temperature Tc and ambient temperature Te change coefficient result, if ambient temperature Te is constant, the then just directly dynamic change of antimer nuclear temperature Tc of the variation of Ts, therefore, need from the variation of Ts, remove the influence of variation of ambient temperature.
Therefore the inventive method is before measuring estimation, and first simulated environment variations in temperature Δ Te records the skin temperature variation delta Te after stablizing, and can try to achieve according to formula (2)
Rc/Re＝ΔTs/(ΔTe-ΔTs)＝A
With the personalized correction coefficient of A as the embodiment body surface thermal resistance Rc of tissue equivalent;
The Δ Ts/ Δ Te=α that can try to achieve simultaneously is as embodying the ambient temperature correction coefficient of removing ambient temperature effect from skin temperature changes.
Can realize like this (TC) with increasing transient term Analog Circuits Analysis method estimation human body core temperature.
The calibration facility structure that the present invention measures human body core temperature device is: establish the container (9) that liquid medium (12) are housed, be provided with electric heater (13) in the container, container bottom is provided with water pump agitator (11), be provided with core temperature pick off (8) in the liquid, its outfan is drawn outside the container, is connected with the data acquisition display device.
The scaling method of calibration facility of the present invention is: be used to demarcate the transient term coefficient gamma by apparatus of the present invention non-invasive core temperature measuring device insulation material layer thermal resistance Re and thermal capacity Cs decision
Mark=Re * Cs and the error compensation factor beta that is used to calibrate the core temperature changing value of estimating with the inventive method
Mark, detailed process is:
1, it is temperature-resistant to keep calibration facility container inner core, non-invasive core temperature measuring device of the present invention is strapped on the outer wall of calibration facility container of the present invention, measures simulation shell temperature (Ts) after stable;
2, it is temperature-resistant to keep calibration facility container inner core, and with little electric heating piece simulated environment intensification Δ Teh, detecting simulation body surface variations in temperature is Δ Tsh;
3, little electric heating piece stops heating, after stablizing, certain point as datum mark, is write down this some simulation body surface temperature value, ambient temperature value and container inner core temperature value, is designated as respectively (Tso, Teo, Tco);
4, be starting point with the datum mark, the temperature simulation human body core temperature in the calibration facility container is changed, and continuous record and storage simulation shell temperature (Ts), ambient temperature (Te) and core temperature value (Tc);
5, repeatedly repeat above-mentioned 1-4 step, and one group of measurement data that will at every turn obtain is preserved stand-by; Comprise following content then:
6, aforementioned every group of measurement data handled respectively, obtained the individuation correction coefficient A=Rc/Re=Δ Tsh/ (Δ Teh-Δ Tsh) and the environment correction factor α=Δ Tsh/ Δ The of every group of data respectively;
7, according to every group of above-mentioned data, with the analogue body nuclear temperature Tc in the inventive method estimation container, the Tc value of estimation is done contrast with the calibration facility container core temperature value of actual measurement, observe the error between the two, simultaneously artificial Re * Cs value of regulating in the transient term coefficient is got and is made the transient state coefficient γZhi of transient error Re * Cs value hour as this group measurement data;
Ask the meansigma methods γ that respectively organizes transient state coefficient γZhi
Mark, with the calibration value of its transient term coefficients R e * Cs as with apparatus of the present invention and method estimation human body core temperature the time;
8,, obtain each measurement data Tc, Ts, Te variable quantity with respect to its datum mark Tco, Tso, Teo according to every group of above-mentioned data;
The shell temperature variable quantity Tse that the computing environment variations in temperature causes:
Tse＝α×(Te-Teo)
Calculating is changed the shell temperature variable quantity that causes by simple core temperature:
dTsc＝(Ts-Tso)-α×(Te-Teo)；
With the inventive method estimation core temperature variable quantity dTc, the core temperature variable quantity dTc that estimates is compared with the corresponding core temperature variable quantity of actual measurement, obtain error compensation factor beta by shell temperature variable quantity estimation core temperature variable quantity:
β=core temperature changes estimated value/core temperature and changes measured value=dTc/ (Tc
Real-Tco);
The error compensation factor beta of the meansigma methods of asking each grouping error penalty coefficient β as the time with the inventive method estimation human body core temperature
Mark
The invention provides a kind of noinvasive human body core temperature new measurement method and new equipment, adopt the inventive method and device to carry out long-term, continuous, dynamic, personalized non-invasive core temperature measuring to human body, easy to use, manufacturing and operating cost are low, the accuracy height.Adopt calibration facility of the present invention and its scaling method can improve the accuracy that changes with the inventive method and measurement device human body core temperature.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, heat insulation method measuring body nuclear temperature block diagram
Fig. 2, the inventive method are simplified thermal resistance analysis figure with the steady heat conduction of breadboardin diabatic process
Simplification breadboardin figure when Fig. 3, steady heat conduction that the inventive method adopted
Fig. 4, the simplification breadboardin figure when the increase transient state heat conduction that the inventive method adopted changes.
Fig. 5, apparatus of the present invention frame structure sketch map
Fig. 6, embodiment 1 apparatus of the present invention structural representation
Fig. 7, embodiment 3 calibration facility structural representations of the present invention
Fig. 8, embodiment 5 transient state coefficient gamma
MarkDemarcate sketch map
Fig. 9, embodiment 5 error compensation factor beta are demarcated sketch map
1-binding strip 2-insulation material layer 3-shell temperature pick off 4-environment temperature sensor
5-heating 6-elastic webbing 7-locker 8-core temperature pick off 9-container
10-lid 11-stirs pump 12-medium 13-electrical heating elements 14-measurement dish
Specific embodiments:
Referring to Fig. 6, be an embodiment of core temperature measuring device of the present invention, this device is provided with the measurement dish 14 of band binding strip 1, and binding strip is made by soft cloth, and flexible material 6 and locker 7 are to guarantee the degree of frapping to human body on it.Measurement dish 14 is provided with insulation material layer 2, shell temperature pick off 3 is equipped with at the position that human body skin is being pasted in its inboard, insulation material layer near the outside is embedded with environment temperature sensor 4 and the heating 5 that is connected with battery, the measurement dish is cuboid, be of a size of 40*40*15mm3 (the wide * height of long *), heavy 10g, heating 5 is the soft thin slice of little electric heating of 35*35*1mm, is embedded in the adiabator.Isolated by insulation material layer 2 between little electric heating piece and the shell temperature pick off 3, the two vertical dimension is 10mm, shell temperature pick off 3 can closely contact with skin surface through good thermal conductor, environment temperature sensor 4 contacts with little electric heating piece 5 good heat conduction, shell temperature pick off 3, environment temperature sensor 4, little electric heating piece heating 5 and measurement disk center overlap, and shell temperature pick off 3 is connected with the temperature signal collection device respectively with environment temperature sensor 4 outfans.
This example is fixed on embodiment 1 described device on the human body for an embodiment of core temperature measuring method of the present invention, can carry out the core temperature estimation, and detailed process is as follows:
1. the measuring point is arrived in the measuring device bondage, stablized 30 minutes;
2, with little electric heating piece heating 5 simulated environment intensification Δ Teh, stablize 20 minutes after, the detection of skin variations in temperature is Δ Tsh, then can get:
Individuation correction coefficient: A=Rc/Re=Δ Tsh/ (Δ Teh-Δ Tsh)
Ambient temperature correction coefficient: α=Δ Tsh/ Δ Teh
3. after stopping heating, write down the skin temperature Ts and the ambient temperature Te in a certain moment, use electric body-temperature instrumentation amount core temperature (rectum or axillary fossa) simultaneously and note, be designated as Tso, Teo, Tco respectively, as the reference datum mark;
4, begin to carry out the estimation of core temperature:
Gather different the shell temperature Ts and the ambient temperature Te of human body constantly, adopt formula 3 to carry out the estimation of body nuclear degree:
Tc＝A×Re×Cs×[(dTs-α×dTe)/dt]+A×[(Tso+dTs-α×dTe)-(Teo+dTe)]+[(Tso+dTs)-α×dTe](3)
In the formula: Tc is a human body core temperature estimated value
Cs is the thermal capacity of insulation material layer
The body surface temperature value of Ts for recording immediately
The ambient temperature value of Te for recording immediately
Re is the thermal resistance of insulation material layer
The personalized correction coefficient of A for having obtained by environment temperature rise Δ Teh
A＝Rc/Re＝ΔTsh/(ΔTeh-ΔTsh)
Ambient temperature correction coefficient alpha=Δ Tsh/ Δ the Teh of α for obtaining by environment temperature rise Δ Teh
Core temperature value Tco with reference point does single-point calibration to the value of estimating with formula 3 then, the initial point values of human body core temperature Tc and the Tco value surveyed of datum mark that are about to above-mentioned 3 estimations are by formula done the difference comparison, and the difference that obtains is as the correcting value of follow-up core temperature estimated value.
In above-mentioned estimation equation, heat insulator thermal resistance Re, thermal capacity Cs can artificially design (for example by changing the density p and the specific heat capacity c of insulation material layer), A and α also obtain, (dTs-α * dTe) for to have removed the skin temperature variable quantity after the ambient temperature effect, so can realize according to Ts that records and Te estimation core temperature Tc.
This example is another embodiment of core temperature measuring method of the present invention
The difference of this method and embodiment 2 is that the evaluation method of the 4th step core temperature is different, this example is tried to achieve individuation correction coefficient A, behind the Tso of ambient temperature correction coefficient alpha and reference point, Teo, the Tco, carry out the estimation of core temperature Tc by following formula:
The steady-state quantity estimation:
Tc
Surely=Tco+ (dTs-α * dTe)/(1-α) (4)
The transient volume estimation:
Tc
Wink=A * Re * Cs * (dTs-α * dTe)/dt (5)
Then the core temperature estimated value is: Tc=Tc
Surely+ Tc
Wink
In the formula
Tc is a human body core temperature estimated value
Cs is the thermal capacity of insulation material layer
The body surface temperature value of Ts for recording immediately
The ambient temperature value of Te for recording immediately
Re is the thermal resistance of insulation material layer
The personalized correction coefficient of A for obtaining by environment temperature rise Δ Teh
A＝Rc/Re＝ΔTsh/(ΔTeh-ΔTsh)
The ambient temperature correction coefficient of α for obtaining by environment temperature rise Δ Teh
α＝ΔTsh/ΔTeh
Core temperature value Tco with reference point does single-point calibration to the value of estimating with formula 3 then, be about to the initial point value of human body core temperature Tc of above-mentioned estimation and Tco value that datum mark is surveyed and do difference relatively, the difference that obtains is as the correcting value of follow-up core temperature estimated value.
The estimation principle of said method is:
As described above: individuation correction coefficient A=Rc/Re=dTsh/ (dTeh-dTsh)
Ambient temperature correction coefficient alpha=dTsh/dTeh.
So: the pass of A and α is: A=α/(1-α)
When ambient temperature is constant, formula 1
Tc＝Rc×Cs×dTs/dt+Rc/Re×(Ts-Te)+Ts
＝A×Re×Cs×[(dTs-α×dTe)/dt]+A×(Ts-Te)+Ts
Being varied to of core temperature is divided in the middle steady-state quantity:
dTc＝A×dTs+dTs＝α/(1-α)×dTs+dTs＝dTs/(1-α)
Remove the influence of ambient temperature to skin temperature, that is:
dTc＝(dTs-α×dTe)/(1-α) (6)
So can get formula 5 steady-state quantities
Tc
Surely=Tco+ (dTs-α * dTe)/(1-α) (4)
And according to formula (3), the transient volume estimation:
Tc
Wink=A * Re * Cs * [(dTs-α * dTe)/dt] (5)
Wherein Re * Cs can be according to the transient state coefficient of in advance the measuring device insulation material layer being demarcated
γ
Mark=Re * Cs value is calculated
Thereby can obtain the core temperature estimated value is steady-state value and instantaneous value sum:
Tc=Tc
Surely+ Tc
Wink
In order to improve the accuracy of above-mentioned estimated value, further scheme is to use the error compensation factor beta
MarkIt is compensated, and the evaluation method that compensates is:
After aforesaid steady-state quantity being compensated, get through the error compensation factor beta of demarcating
(Tc
Surely)
Mend=Tco+ (dTs-α * dTe)/[β
Mark* (1-α)]
The estimation of transient volume as hereinbefore;
Then the core temperature estimated value is:
Tc=((Tc
Surely) benefit+Tc
Wink
This example is the embodiment of non-invasive core temperature measuring device calibration facility of the present invention, and this calibration facility is a body temperature simulative generator, and concrete structure is referring to Fig. 7, container simulation trunk is drum shape, overall dimension is decided to be the high 250mm of bucket, internal diameter 80mm, and 25mm is thick for the ABS base.Top cover 10 is the thick ABS material of 10mm, leaves cable hole and steam vent on the top cover, and is provided with the seal that supports heating 13.Electrical heating elements is an alternating current 220V, 500W type cylinder steel pipe heating rod, and long 200mm, diameter 10mm is used for the analogue body nuclear heat source.Medium is a water in the bucket, and the immersible pump of 12V4W is fixed on the base, stirs current, makes the inner bucket water temperature even.
The bucket wall of body temperature simulative generator is used for analogue body and examines the thermal resistance of body surface, and its thickness is determined as follows.Human body skin heat conductivity=0.47W/ (m.k), fatty heat conductivity=0.21W/ (m.k), normal abdominal part male skin fold (skin+subcutaneous fat) thickness is 5-15mm, the female skin pleat is 12-20mm.This example is averaged skin depth=10mm, and its mesocuticle is thick=2mm, and fat is thick=8mm, according to the heat conduction steady-state process, entire thermal resistance equals the series resistances sum, that is:
It is λ a=0.236W/ (m.k) that the substitution data computation gets the average heat conductivity of rhicnosis.ABS material thermal conductivity λ abs=0.2512W/ (m.k), then equal according to above-mentioned thermal resistance equally principle, the ABS material thickness of 10mm rhicnosis thickness of equal value is
So ABS bucket wall thickness is decided to be 11mm in the model.
Be water temperature in the control body temperature simulative generator, other has designed temperature control panel, and temperature-controlled precision is at ± 0.1 ℃, so that realize the constant and variation of temperature in the body temperature simulative generator according to requirement of experiment.
Be provided with analogue body nuclear temperature pick off 8 in the bucket, be used to detect mimic core temperature.
This example is the embodiment of non-invasive core temperature measuring device calibration facility scaling method of the present invention.
This example adopts embodiment 4 described calibration facilities and embodiment 3 described measurement dishes, and its temperature sensor outfan is connected with the temperature signal collection panel, is used to gather the temperature signal of calibration facility and measurement dish, and the temperature of control calibration facility container kernel.
For the error that exists in correctly estimating the core temperature transient volume and reduce to estimate, new measurement dish will be demarcated its parameter with calibration facility before use, this method promptly can be used for demarcating non-invasive core temperature measuring device of the present invention, can be used for simultaneously calibrating with non-invasive core temperature measuring device of the present invention and measuring method carrying out the estimated value that the side amount obtains.
The purpose one of this method is the transient state coefficient gamma=Re * Cs that calibrates embodiment 1 described measurement dish, so that make its available embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 described methods carry out the estimation of human body core temperature transient components; The 2nd, obtain with the present invention and carry out the error compensation factor beta that the human body core temperature changes the estimation generation, to compensate the error that estimation exists.
Detailed process is:
1, room temperature is 25 ℃, and simulation body temperature generator core temperature temperature control is at 37 ℃.The measurement dish is strapped on the simulation body temperature generator by shown in Figure 7, stablizes 30 minutes.At this moment, under the little situation of environmental temperature fluctuation (dTe＜1 ℃), shell temperature is near a stationary value;
2, simulation body temperature generator core temperature still temperature control 37 ℃ constant, little electric heating piece simulated environment intensification Δ Teh, the detection of skin variations in temperature is Δ Tsh;
3, little electric heating piece stops heating, stablizes 30 minutes, makes little electric heating piece temperature fall back to the preceding temperature spot that heats up.Then, write down some shell temperature values, ambient temperature value and core temperature value simultaneously, be designated as Tso, Teo, Tco respectively;
4, simulation body temperature generator core temperature with 1 ℃ gradient change, kept 1 hour on each thermograde in 36-41 ℃ of scope.Continuous record body surface, environment and core temperature value are recorded in the computer with Tst, Tet and Tct respectively simultaneously.
5, repeat above-mentioned 1-4, measure 10 times, be kept in the different catalogues the one group of result who at every turn measures stand-by.
6, according to the above-mentioned data scaling transient state coefficient gamma of respectively organizing:
Coefficient in the middle core temperature of formula (1) among transient term Rc * Cs * dTs/dt should not directly be got
, but by little electric heating piece simulated environment variations in temperature Teh, can obtain:
A＝Rc/Re＝ΔTsh/(ΔTeh-ΔTsh)
So Rc=A * Re=Δ Tsh/ (Δ Teh-Δ Tsh) * Re
Then transient term is expressed as:
A×Re×Cs×dTs/dt＝ΔTsh/(ΔTeh-ΔTsh)×Re×Cs×dTs/dt
Because A=Δ Tsh/ (Δ Teh-Δ Tsh) part can be tried to achieve by little electric heating piece simulated environment variations in temperature Δ Tsh/ of aforementioned the 2nd step, and Re * Cs partly be one with the relevant amount of the thermophysical property of measurement dish own, in case the physical property and the shape of measurement dish have determined that Re * Cs has just determined.So Re * Cs also be one quantitatively, as the transient state coefficient gamma, concrete calibration process is with Re * Cs for we:
To 10 groups of experimental datas, do following processing:
According to little electric heating piece simulated environment variations in temperature data, obtain the individuation correction coefficient:
A＝Rc/Re＝ΔTsh/(ΔTeh-ΔTsh)
Obtain environment correction factor
α＝dTsh/dTeh
With formula 3:
Tc＝A×Re×Cs×[(dTs-α×dTe)/dt]+A×[(Tso+dTs-α×dTe)-(Teo+dTe)]+[(Tso+dTs)-α×dTe](3)
Estimation simulation body temperature generator core temperature, and and the actual measurement simulation body temperature generator core temperature do contrast, the artificial simultaneously Re * Cs value of regulating, observe transient error size between core temperature estimated value and measured value, as shown in Figure 8, get transient error Re * Cs value hour and be the transient state coefficient γZhi of this group experiment (Tc1 that obtains during Re among the figure * Cs=80 is near measured value).
Such 10 groups of calibration experiment data just obtain 10 transient state coefficient γZhi, and are as shown in table 1.Transient state coefficient that then should the measurement dish is that 10 γ average, γ '=87.1, the calibration coefficient of used formula (3) transient term when estimating when this value promptly can be used as and measures the human body core temperature with embodiment 1 measurement dish.
Calibration experiment transient state coefficient table
| |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | Average |
| γ＝A×Re×Cs | 90 | 85 | 88 | 91 | 86 | 88 | 90 | 84 | 80 | 89 | 87.1 |
7, according to the above-mentioned data scaling error compensation factor beta of respectively organizing
Find in the measurement, in process by shell temperature variable quantity dTs derivation core temperature variable quantity dTc, because there is certain error in operations such as the choosing of datum mark, ambient temperature effect deduction, so cause having certain error between the estimated value of core temperature variable quantity dTc and actual value, for this error is recompensed, this example is to using embodiment 1 described measurement dish, and the measuring method of embodiment 2,3 described estimation core temperatures is demarcated an error compensation factor beta, and method is as follows:
10 groups of experimental datas to aforementioned 1-5 obtains process as follows:
1. according to little electric heating piece simulated environment intensification Δ Teh value and the corresponding shell temperature changing value Δ Tsh of record, can calculate:
The individuation correction coefficient:: A=Rc/Re=Δ Tsh/ (Δ Teh-Δ Tsh)
Ambient temperature correction coefficient: α=Δ Tsh/ Δ Teh
2. treating excess syndrome is tested the data value Tco of step 3 record, and Tso and Teo be respectively as core temperature, the benchmark of shell temperature and variation of ambient temperature (referring to Fig. 9);
3. experiment with computing step 4 experimental data is with respect to the variable quantity (referring to Fig. 9) of benchmark
Core temperature Tc is the variable quantity of its benchmark relatively: Tc-Tco;
Shell temperature Ts is the variable quantity of its benchmark relatively: Ts-Tso;
Ambient temperature Te is the variable quantity of its benchmark relatively: Te-Teo.
4. the shell temperature variable quantity that causes of computing environment variations in temperature: α * (Te-Teo);
5. because the variation of shell temperature is the coefficient result of core temperature and ambient temperature, that is: shell temperature variable quantity=core temperature changes actuating quantity+variation of ambient temperature actuating quantity, changes the shell temperature variable quantity that causes so calculate core temperature here:
ΔTsc＝(Ts-Tso)-α×(Te-Teo)；
6. change the stable state composition that the shell temperature variable quantity dTsc that causes estimates the core temperature variable quantity by simple core temperature: adopt embodiment 3 described estimation formulas 6 to estimate here:
dTc＝(dTs-α×dTe)/(1-α) (6)
The core temperature variable quantity dTc that 7. will 6. estimate compares with the actual measurement stable state core temperature variable quantity that obtains in aforementioned the 4th step, just obtains the error compensation factor beta by shell temperature variable quantity estimation core temperature variable quantity, promptly
β=core temperature changes estimator/core temperature and changes actual measured amount
=dTc/ (Tc
Real-Tco)
8., 10 groups of calibration experiment data just obtain 10 β values, as shown in table 2,10 β get its meansigma methods and get 0.8835.This is worth as the error compensation factor beta with shell temperature variable quantity estimation core temperature variable quantity
Mark
The core temperature variable quantity error compensation factor beta that will estimate with the inventive method
MarkAfter the correction, do contrast with actual measurement core temperature variable quantity again, its error greatly reduces (referring to table 2).
Errors table when table 2 is used error compensation coefficient estimate core temperature variable quantity
| Experiment | β Mark | Use β MarkTc variable quantity after the compensation (℃) | Actual measurement Tc variable quantity (℃) | Use β MarkAverage compensation back Tc variable quantity estimation error (℃) |
| 1 | 0.9412 | 2.762 | 2.837 | -0.075 |
| 2 | 0.8451 | 1.036 | 0.988 | 0.048 |
| 3 | 0.7852 | 1.326 | 1.213 | 0.113 |
| 4 | 0.8813 | 1.259 | 1.253 | 0.006 |
| 5 | 0.938 | 2.758 | 2.827 | -0.069 |
| 6 | 0.895 | 1.12 | 1.074 | 0.046 |
| 7 | 0.894 | 0.823 | 0.849 | -0.026 |
| 8 | 0.923 | 2.175 | 2.235 | -0.06 |
| 9 | 0.943 | 1.985 | 2.151 | -0.166 |
| 10 | 0.789 | 1.352 | 1.216 | 0.136 |
| Average | 0.8835 | -0.0047 |
By above transient state coefficient gamma
MarkWith the error compensation factor beta
MarkDemarcation, calibration process just is through with, and carries out actual measurement estimation and with the error compensation coefficient estimated value is compensated improving the accuracy of estimating the result with calibrated measurement dish.
Claims (3)
1. the method for non-invasive core temperature measuring is characterized in that, comprises following content:
(1), at body surface insulation material layer is set, the shell temperature pick off is set between insulation material layer inboard and the body surface, be used for human body shell temperature Ts, at insulation material layer arranged outside environment temperature sensor, be used for testing environment temperature T e, and be provided for producing the electroheat member of simulated environment temperature;
(2), carry out the analysis and the calculating of diabatic process, comprise following process with analog circuit:
With electroheat member simulated environment intensification Δ Teh, record skin temperature variation delta Teh this moment, as personalized correction coefficient A, and obtain the ambient temperature correction coefficient alpha that the ratio of variation of ambient temperature amount Δ Teh and skin temperature variation delta Tsh influences skin temperature as ambient temperature with this ratio that obtains thermal resistance Rc of body surface tissue equivalent and described insulation material layer equivalent thermal resistance Re;
Get the core temperature value T in a certain moment of human body with the electric body-temperature instrumentation
C0, record shell temperature value Ts this moment simultaneously
0With ambient temperature value Te
0, as the reference datum mark;
Promptly begin to measure estimation after finishing said process: measure body surface temperature value Ts and ambient temperature Te, equivalent thermal resistance Re, thermal capacity Cs according to described insulation material layer, with aforementioned individuation correction coefficient A that obtains and ambient temperature correction coefficient alpha, with increasing transient term Analog Circuits Analysis method estimation human body core temperature T
C, in estimation, proofread and correct the body surface thermal resistance Rc of tissue equivalent with individuation correction coefficient A, remove the influence of ambient temperature Te with the ambient temperature correction coefficient alpha to skin temperature Ts, in the estimation with the core temperature value T of described reference point
C0Calibrate;
In said process, described with increasing transient term Analog Circuits Analysis method estimation human body core temperature TC
Method be:
Carry out the estimation of core temperature Tc by following estimation formula:
The steady-state quantity estimation:
Tc
Surely=Tco+ (dTs-α * dTe)/(1-α) (4)
The transient volume estimation:
Tc
Wink=A * Re * Cs * (dTs-α * dTe)/dt (5)
Then the core temperature estimated value is: Tc=Tc
Surely+ Tc
Wink
In the formula
Tc is a human body core temperature estimated value
Cs is the thermal capacity of insulation material layer
The body surface temperature value of Ts for recording immediately
The ambient temperature value of Te for recording immediately
Re is the thermal resistance of insulation material layer
The personalized correction coefficient of A for obtaining by environment temperature rise Δ Teh
A＝Rc/Re＝ΔTsh/(ΔTeh-ΔTsh)
The ambient temperature correction coefficient of α for obtaining by environment temperature rise Δ Teh
α＝ΔTsh /ΔTeh
The variable quantity of skin temperature when Δ Tsh is meant environment temperature rise Δ Teh;
To do difference relatively by the initial point value of human body core temperature Tc and the datum mark Tco value of above-mentioned formula estimation then, the difference that obtains is as the correcting value of follow-up core temperature estimated value.
2. the method for non-invasive core temperature measuring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: use the error compensation factor beta
MarkThe steady-state quantity of core temperature estimated value to estimation compensates, and carries out the steady-state quantity estimation with following formula:
Tc
Surely=Tco+ (dTs-α * dTe)/β
Mark(1-α)
Described error compensation factor beta
MarkFor the measurement estimated value that obtains according to calibration measurements and actual value compare the error compensation coefficient that the error that draws is demarcated, transient term coefficients R e * Cs adopts the calibration value Re * Cs=γ in the calibration measurements in the described transient volume estimation
Mark
3. the device of non-invasive core temperature measuring, it is characterized in that, be provided with the binding strip (1) that is fixed on the human body, insulation material layer (2) is set on the binding strip, the position that body surface is being pasted in insulation material layer inside is provided with shell temperature pick off (3), the insulation material layer outside is provided with environment temperature sensor (4) and is used to produce the electroheat member (5) of simulated environment temperature, and described shell temperature pick off is connected with signal pickup assembly with the environment temperature sensor outfan.
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