CN101093517A - Design system for product configuration - Google Patents

Design system for product configuration Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101093517A
CN101093517A CNA2006100280309A CN200610028030A CN101093517A CN 101093517 A CN101093517 A CN 101093517A CN A2006100280309 A CNA2006100280309 A CN A2006100280309A CN 200610028030 A CN200610028030 A CN 200610028030A CN 101093517 A CN101093517 A CN 101093517A
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module
design
product
configuration
case
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杨勇生
董达善
严南南
黄才敏
沈海荣
张立
黎华
张海燕
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Shanghai Maritime University
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Shanghai Maritime University
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Abstract

A design system of product configuration comprises man-machine boundary and master control module. It is featured as setting product sample bank module, standard parts bank module, product structure module, mixed inference mode correlated with product structure module configuration inference module, design sample parameter correlated to configuration inference module and configuration evaluation module in said master control module.

Description

Design system for product configuration
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of design system, particularly relate to a kind of design system for product configuration, be applicable to the configuration design of the van container crane being carried out product.
Background technology
The van container crane is the work mechanism of repetitive cycling at a kind of intermittence, and its design is the process of a complexity with making.In traditional design, be by veteran designer, according to the requirement of customer order, from existing design type, select a kind of design type the most close to make amendment and form with the customer order requirement.There is a large amount of duplication of labour in this Design Mode, has influenced the further raising of design efficiency and quality.
At present, along with the widespread use of computing machine CAD software, designing and developing of product progressively realizes digitizing, and a lot of researchs have been done to the configuring technical of product by a lot of R﹠D institutions and department.For example, the U.S. has developed a kind of management system Pconfig that is applied to computer product configuration design, can satisfy the complex configurations demand of computer product; Britain research a kind of rule-based configuration-system, be used to verify the technology correctness of customer order, instruct the practical set of order, but there is wretched insufficiency in this configuration-system on maintainability; Japan has proposed a kind of based on the product configuration-system of case-based reasoning and the problem solving device of satisfied constraint, and this configuration-system is applied to the online sales system.A kind of based on network configuration design system has been studied by Singapore.
The University of Science and Technology of China proposes the Product Configuration Model and the basic framework thereof of mass customization, and is that example is studied with the automobile product; The Tsing-Hua University of China use double Recursive Implementation product be configured to the converting algorithm of product structure, and in the PDM system development, be applied; Dalian University of Technology has introduced customer demand territory and feature representation territory notion, has set up based on the customer-oriented level type of feature Product Configuration Model.China has proposed design system for product configuration (" supporting the research of the design system for product configuration of mass customization ", computer-aided design (CAD) and graphics journal, 2003,15 (8): 931-937) based on configuration template again.On the basis of aforementioned research, the integrated approach of China's application example reasoning (CBR) and constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) has been studied the Product Configuration Model (" product configuration design process management research under the large-scale customization " computer-aided design (CAD) and graphics journal 2005 Vol.17 No.1 are P.155-160) based on example.China has been studied again in succession towards the product structure of collaborative design and configuration management system (" towards the product structure and the configuration management system of collaborative design " Tsing-Hua University's journal (natural science edition) the 45th the 8th phase of volume of August in 2005).
At present, Shi Yong product configuration-system mainly contains: the XCON of (1) DEC is the configuration-system of mainframe computer, has the knowledge base maintenance difficult problem.(2) VT of Westinghouse elevator company (Vertical Transportation) is the elevator arrangement device.(3) COSSACK of XEROX company is the small-size computer configuration-system.Product Configuration Technology mainly concentrates on the research on mass customization product and the pdm layer face, and the Research on configuration of product is less relatively under the small serial production pattern; The product configuration mode relates to the lot of essential factors in the product design process, and is closely related with product type and design feature, need specialize in its concrete configuration mode for specific product.Particularly, for the product design of van container crane, except carrying out two-dimensional parameter Variant Design research, do not release design system for product configuration so far based on case-based reasoning.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome the defective in the technology formerly, realize intelligentized product configuration design, at van container crane product, merge case-based reasoning (Case Based Reasoning, CBR) and rule-based reasoning (Rule-Based Reasoning RBR), proposes the operational mode based on the intelligent configurator of mixed inference, utilization proposes a kind of design system for product configuration based on the Pro/E secondary exploitation technology with based on the case retrieval algorithm of similarity.
The present invention to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of being taked is: it comprises: place man-machine interface and main control module in the computing machine; Place the product architecture modularization in the main control module, configuration reasoning module that connects with product architecture modularization and the configuration evaluation module that connects with the configuration reasoning module.
Described main control module: be the supervisory control desk of total system, the design parameter of user's input analyzed and handled, be responsible for the coordination and the scheduling of each module in the total system by the module of putting its inside;
The described product architecture modularization that places main control module: it comprise the solid modelling sub-module and with the joining system data sub-module of solid modelling sub-module; Be used to make up hierarchical network constructed products case library module and standard parts library module, and organization and management product example library module and standard parts library module;
The described configuration reasoning module that places main control module: it comprises with the joining case template management sub-module of the system data sub-module of product architecture modularization with case template manages the joining knowledge base management sub-module of sub-module; It adopts case-based reasoning and the mixed inference mode that rule-based reasoning merges mutually, be used for mating with search case library in the preferred example the most similar to design example;
Described knowledge base management sub-module: it is connected with base module.Be mainly used in based on knowledge base, application meta-knoeledge is classified to model knowledge, fact knowledge and rule knowledge etc. and is managed, and utilizes domain knowledge and rule, supports and instruct searching of example.
Described case template management sub-module: it comprises parametrization design submodule and example design submodule and is connected with the standard parts library module and the case library module; Being mainly used in standard parts library and case library is the database of searching reasoning, and the mode of application level multilevel retrieval is searched in standard parts library or case library, finds out the example the most similar to design example;
Described parametrization design submodule: be mainly used in evaluation result, the preferred example that finds out is carried out parameterized modification according to the configuration evaluation module;
Described example design submodule: being mainly used in the evaluation result according to the configuration evaluation module, is reference with the similar example that finds out, and carries out parameter (or feature) and revises or example design;
The described configuration evaluation module that places main control module: be used for parameter, in the case library module, retrieve similar example and carry out comprehensive evaluation, to determine the similarity degree of this retrieval example and design example according to the design example of user's input.
According to the structure of the design system for product configuration of the invention described above, utilize human-computer interaction interface, input user's designing requirement and parameter, and by main control module the parameter of user's input is analyzed and handled; Design parameter after the processing is delivered to the configuration reasoning module, carries out reasoning and RBR process based on example by the configuration reasoning module, and the process of reasoning will utilize instance retriever the related example in the case library is mated and to retrieve; The similar example that retrieval is come out carries out comprehensive evaluation by the configuration evaluation module, with the similarity degree of definite this retrieval example and design example, thereby makes to judge:
(1) identical when retrieval example and design example, promptly similarity is 1 o'clock, then uses this retrieval example as design example fully, need not redesign;
(2) when the retrieval example overwhelming majority identical with design example, similarity is during greater than a certain specified scope (at least greater than 0.5), it is few to carry out the newly-designed workload of example modifications proportion, then this retrieval example is carried out the modification of correlated characteristic and parameter with the parametrization design module, amended retrieval example can satisfy the requirement of design example, uses this modification example as design example;
(3) have only minimum part identical when retrieval example with design example, similarity is during less than a certain specified scope (at least less than 0.5), it is much bigger to carry out the newly-designed workload of example modifications proportion, then the reference of this retrieval example as design example, the redesign that comes the Aided Design example with the example design module;
(4) when not retrieving the example similar to design example, promptly similarity is 0 or when extremely low (near 0), the retrieval failure then can only be carried out brand-new redesign; The retrieving of whole configuration design system is based on case library, and the structure of case library is organized and managed by product architecture modularization.
The design system of product configuration of the present invention has many advantages:
(1) comprises the configuration reasoning module in the design system of the present invention, the mixed inference mode that has adopted case-based reasoning and rule-based reasoning to merge mutually, thought processes such as simulating human thinking, association, analogy, conclusion, study, memory and decision-making can be carried out problem and the example that intelligent inference solves product design effectively;
(2) design system application example template way of the present invention merges the parameter characteristic modeling pattern mutually with the example design mode.On the one hand, case template carries out the parametric modeling classification of same level by the selection of its key feature attribute.On the other hand, by the case template mode, realize the hybridization configuration design of container crane.Realize the branch type of container crane, configuration design step by step;
(3) design system of the present invention is by case template, and the key feature that extracts similar example adds in the case template, the corresponding a plurality of similar examples of case template.Case template can find the coupling example quickly and accurately as index, improves the efficient and the correctness of example preliminary search widely;
(4) design system of the present invention has proposed the collocation strategy of a variable element (change feature) design, secondary variable element (change feature) design and redesign, proposes too high requirement for the configuration design system, helps the exploitation and the realization of design system;
(5) design system of the present invention is used hierarchical network structure construction product example storehouse, helps the organization and administration of example and the layering retrieval of example, makes the structure of case library more orderly and compact, and hierarchical structure makes structure more clear;
(6) propose stratification multilevel retrieval mode, according to the case library of hierarchical network structure, utilize the case template technology, the stratification multilevel retrieval mode of proposition effectively improves the efficient and the accuracy of example detailed search.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the product structure model synoptic diagram of an embodiment;
Fig. 3 is to be the process flow diagram of the example hierarchy multilevel retrieval mode of an embodiment with big mechanism of car.
Embodiment
Further specify design system of the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.Each module connects according to its 26S Proteasome Structure and Function among Fig. 1.
As shown in Figure 1, design system of the present invention comprises: place man-machine interface 101 and main control module 102 in the computing machine; Place the product architecture modularization 104 in the main control module 102, configuration reasoning module 105 that is connected with product architecture modularization 104 and the configuration evaluation module 106 that is connected with configuration reasoning module 105;
Described product architecture modularization 104 comprise solid modelling sub-module 103 and with solid modelling sub-module 103 joining system data sub-modules 107;
Described configuration reasoning module 105 comprise with product architecture modularization 104 in the joining case templates management sub-modules 108 of system data sub-module 107 and with case template management sub-module 108 joining knowledge base management sub-modules 109;
Described case template management sub-module 108 comprises parametrization design submodule 110 and example design submodule 111 and is connected with standard parts library module 112 and case library module 113;
Described knowledge base knowledge base management sub-module 109 is connected with base module 114.
As the structure of Fig. 1, man-machine interface 101 is interfaces of user and system interaction of the present invention, user's designing requirement and parameter are imported thus, and its man-machine interface 1 is carried out The visual design by the VC++ Integrated Development Environment, has the look ﹠ feel of Windows.Main control module 102 is mainly corrected errors to the design parameter that receives users' input by man-machine interface 101 and to parameter and is judged correct parameter is transferred to and place its inner institute respective modules---and comprise product architecture modularization 104, configuration reasoning module 105 and dispose evaluation module 106; It is the supervisory control desk of total system, is responsible for the coordination and the scheduling of each module in the system; Wherein, product architecture modularization 104 is according to the characteristics of the product entity moulding that the user provided, each parts of product entity moulding are changed into system data, make up hierarchical network constructed products case library, and organization and management product example storehouse (instantiation such as Fig. 2 show); Configuration reasoning module 105 is the nucleus modules in the system of the present invention, it comprises case template management sub-module 108 and knowledge base management sub-module 109, its major function be the coupling with search case library in the preferred example the most similar to design example, it has used the mixed inference search strategy of case-based reasoning and rule-based reasoning.Case-based reasoning solves emerging similar problem according to existing example exactly, sees a doctor as patient, and the doctor can search in the past similarly case according to patient's situation, helps solve the problem of present appearance.Rule-based reasoning is exactly to judge and deal with problems according to the rule in the existing rule base, and as the electrical short-circuit of family, master switch will tripping, cuts off the electricity supply, and can utilize this rule to infer the reason of family outage, thereby solve the problem of outage.Mixed inference utilizes case-based reasoning and rule-based reasoning to help solve exactly and newly goes wrong.Case template management sub-module 108 is cores of case-based reasoning, it is to search the database of reasoning with standard parts library 112 and case library 113, the mode of application level multilevel retrieval is searched in standard parts library 112 or case library 113, finds out the example the most similar to design example.Knowledge base management sub-module 109 is based on knowledge base 114, in the knowledge base that mainly comprises model bank, factbase, rule base and meta-knoeledge library structure, use meta-knoeledge to model knowledge, fact knowledge and rule knowledge etc. classify, organization and management etc.; Utilize domain knowledge and rule (as knowledge and Machine Design rule, the rubber tyre gantry crane design rule etc. in fields such as machinery, crane technology), support and instruct searching of example.The similar example that retrieval is come out carries out comprehensive evaluation by configuration evaluation module 106, to determine the similarity degree of the design example that this similar example that retrieves and user need; Parametrization design module 110 is used for the evaluation result according to the configuration evaluation module, and the preferred example that finds out is carried out parameterized modification; Example design module 111 is used for the evaluation result according to the configuration evaluation module, is reference with the similar example that finds out, and carries out parameter (or feature) and revises or example design.
Fig. 2 is that what to set up in the product architecture modularization 104 is the product structure model of example with the container crane travelling mechanism, and it is the basis that container crane travelling mechanism case library makes up.In analysis-by-synthesis with concluded the structure of container crane travelling mechanism, the characteristics of designing and developing according to the container crane travelling mechanism: the modification of the selection of standard component and non-standard component (example) has made up the classification hierarchical network architecture model of a container crane travelling mechanism.As Fig. 2, container crane travelling mechanism case template 20, mainly by last balance beam, following balance beam, chassis assembly, vehicle wheel component, drive unit, compositions such as reduction gear.According to container crane travelling mechanism collection 21 design characteristic and structure, at first these parts are classified as standardized element storehouse 22 and shop parts (example) storehouse 23 is a level; The layering division is carried out by its composition frame mode in standardized element storehouse 22 can be divided into vehicle wheel component 221 another level to motor component 22n; Vehicle wheel component 221 can be divided into drive wheel assemblies 2211 and engaged wheel assembly 2212 again, and motor component 22n can be divided into drive wheel assemblies, engaged wheel assembly, motor and level of speed reduction unit recomposition that motor 22n1 and speed reduction unit 22n2 are decomposited to the same level of motor component 22n together with other and vehicle wheel component 221 again; And division is come out in the drive wheel assemblies 2211 adhesion wheel 2211a and drive sprocket axle 2211b, the driven wheel 2212a and the follower shaft 2212b that divide in the engaged wheel assembly 2212 divide the bearing pin 22n2a that comes out and bearing 22n2b and formed last level together with the standard package that comes out of dividing of other and drive wheel assemblies 2211 and same level from assemblies among the speed reduction unit 22n2; Classified by case template and product category in non-standard component storehouse 23 then, form pyramidal hierarchical structure.Press the case template branch, be divided into balance beam component model 2311, descend balance beam component model 2312 to form a level, can be divided into balance beam examples of components 2321, descend the example collection of balance beam examples of components 2322 by the product category branch on the same level until chassis examples of components 232n until the template of chassis component model 231n; And the last balance beam component model 2311 that divides by case template can be divided into balance beam template 23111 and last twisted seat template 23112, following balance beam component model 2312 can be divided into down balance beam template 23121 and following twisted seat template 23122 again, and chassis component model 231n can be subdivided into trolley formwork 231n1 again and divide the corresponding templates of coming out together with other and last balance beam component model 2311 in the component model of same level and form last level in the non-standard component storehouse; On same level, by product category, last balance beam examples of components 2321 can be divided into balance beam example 23211 and last twisted seat example 23212 again, following balance beam examples of components 2322 can be divided into down balance beam example 23221 and following twisted seat example 23222 again, and chassis examples of components 232n can be subdivided into dividing the corresponding instance that comes out together with other and last balance beam examples of components 2311 in the examples of components of same level and forming last level in the non-standard component storehouse of chassis example 232n1 again.
Four-headed arrow as shown in Figure 2 represents that the product example of case template and same type is positioned at same level, and the product example of the corresponding a plurality of same types of case template forms the horizontal mapping relations net between same level.Once more, also exist many constraint networks between each example and between the example inside, mainly contain: the constraint network between the example levels is inferior, i.e. set membership constraint network; Constraint network between the sub-instance, i.e. brotherhood constraint network; The constraint network of sub-instance inside.Thereby form the relational network structural model of stratification.The network structure model of this stratification is the important foundation that makes up case library in the system of the present invention.According to this network structure model, can utilize SQL (Structural Query Language, Structured Query Language (SQL)) database to construct clear, the well-bedded case library of classification.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment with Fig. 2, is the process flow diagram of the example hierarchy multilevel retrieval mode of example with big mechanism of car.This retrieval mode is based on big mechanism of car hierarchical network case library, and the ingredient at all levels to big mechanism of car carries out multilevel retrieval.The concrete steps of this retrieval mode are:
According to above-mentioned case library structural model, divide two parts that big mechanism of car case library is retrieved:
(1), searches for according to the matching way that the title and the model of part adopts general SQL database for standard component retrieval;
(2) for non-standard component retrieval, i.e. case retrieval.At first retrieve ground floor: big mechanism of car, next retrieves the second layer: go up the balance beam assembly, following balance beam assembly etc., retrieve the 3rd layer at last: go up the balance beam part, following balance beam part etc. retrieve the purpose of similar example thereby reach.Concrete steps are described below:
The first step 301: beginning, the user import the designing requirement/parameters R of example=f1, f2 ..., fN}, and the weighted value Wi of definite each designing requirement/parameter f i, i=1,2 ..., N;
Second step 302: with big mechanism of car case template is index, retrieves big mechanism of car case library.Mate successively and designing requirement/parameter characteristic of correspondence attribute by the weighted value size, and calculate the similarity of each attribute and overall similarity (as press the big or small w1>w2... of weighted value>wn, mate and designing requirement (parameter) characteristic of correspondence attribute f1 successively, f2...fn, and the method for utilizing similarity measure is calculated the similarity S1 of each attribute, S2 ... Sn and overall similarity S), retrieve the example of the big mechanism of car that meets the requirements most;
The 3rd step 303: judge whether above-mentioned steps retrieves is best big mechanism of car example, when retrieving successfully, returns 1, proceeds to for the 9th step 309; When the retrieval failure, return 0, carry out next step one the 4th step 304;
The 4th step 304: the last balance beam component instance storehouse of the retrieval second layer, following balance beam component instance storehouse and chassis component instance storehouse;
The 5th step 305: judge whether to retrieve best component instance, when retrieving successfully, return 1, proceeded to for the 9th step 309; When the retrieval failure, return 0, carried out for the 6th step 306;
The 6th step 306: retrieve the 3rd layer last balance beam part case library, last twisted seat part case library, following balance beam part case library, following twisted seat part case library and chassis part case library;
The 7th step 307: judge whether to retrieve best part example, when retrieving successfully, return 1, proceeded to for the 9th step 309; When the retrieval failure, return 0, proceeded to for the tenth step 308;
The 8th step 309: when retrieving preferred example is rreturn value when being 1, carries out the example evaluation;
The 9th step: select following operation according to the judged result in the 8th step:
(1) meets the requirements fully: then use 310 fully, need not revise or redesign;
(2) meet the requirements substantially but need to revise: the parameter of then making amendment or feature 311, meeting the demands re-uses, and stores in the corresponding case template 313, carries out example and adds;
(3) part meets the requirements, bad modification, but can be as design reference 312: then as the reference of redesign;
(4) undesirable fully: then retrieval failure, return 0, proceeded to for the tenth step; The tenth step 308: finish.
The retrieval mode of this example is mainly according to the foregoing description, and big mechanism of car hierarchical network structure is carried out the layered multi-stage retrieval.Utilize case template as index, fast hierarchical is searched preferred example.Utilize the matching process of similarity, mate successively and the corresponding characteristic attribute of design example by the weighted value size, and calculate the similarity and the overall similarity of each characteristic attribute, the big mechanism of car example that retrieves the similarity maximum is as the preferred example of searching.

Claims (5)

1. design system for product configuration, it comprises: place man-machine interface and main control module in the computing machine; It is characterized in that comprising: place the product architecture modularization in the main control module, configuration reasoning module that connects with product architecture modularization and the configuration evaluation module that connects with the configuration reasoning module;
The described product architecture modularization that places main control module: be used to make up hierarchical network constructed products case library module and standard parts library module, and organization and management product example storehouse and standard parts library;
The described configuration reasoning module that places main control module: it adopts case-based reasoning and the mixed inference mode that rule-based reasoning merges mutually, be used for mating with search case library in the preferred example the most similar to design example; The described configuration evaluation module that places main control module: be used for parameter, in case library, retrieve similar example and carry out comprehensive evaluation, to determine the similarity degree of this retrieval example and design example according to the design example of user's input.
2. design system for product configuration according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described product architecture modularization of main control module that places comprises: the solid modelling sub-module and with the joining system data sub-module of solid modelling sub-module.
3. design system for product configuration according to claim 2 is characterized in that the described configuration reasoning module of main control module that places comprises: manage the joining knowledge base management sub-module of sub-module with the joining case template management sub-module of the system data sub-module of product architecture modularization with case template.
4. design system for product configuration according to claim 3 is characterized in that described case template management sub-module comprises: parametrization design submodule and example design submodule, and be connected with standard parts library module and case library module.
5. design system for product configuration according to claim 1 is characterized in that described knowledge base management sub-module is connected with base module.
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