CN101078692A - Liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device, and the test and calculation method - Google Patents

Liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device, and the test and calculation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101078692A
CN101078692A CN 200710049439 CN200710049439A CN101078692A CN 101078692 A CN101078692 A CN 101078692A CN 200710049439 CN200710049439 CN 200710049439 CN 200710049439 A CN200710049439 A CN 200710049439A CN 101078692 A CN101078692 A CN 101078692A
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coefficient
dielectric coefficient
directional coupler
coaxial
wave
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黄卡玛
杨晓庆
华伟
赵翔
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Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a testing device for dielectric coefficient of liquid or solid powder matter and testing and calculating methods, characterized in that in the device microwave signal source (1) is connected to the inputting end of slotting coaxial measurement segment (4) by circulator (2) and double directional coupler (3); after it passes through tested matter reflecting wave Pr and transmitting wave Pt are generated; reflecting wave Pr is transferred to matched load (6) by the double directional coupler (3) and the circulator (2); transmitting wave Pt is sent to the matched load (6) by directional coupler (5); incident wave Pi and reflecting wave Pr coupled by the double directional coupler (3) and transmitting wave Pt coupled by directional coupler (5) sent to double-channel power meter (7) respectively at two ends of slotting coaxial measurement segment (4) are sent to computer (8) finally so as to form an integration. It is tested and calculated by the following method. Tested matter is set in the measuring container (12) and amplitudes of reflection coefficient S11 and transmission coefficient S21 are read in computer (8) as testing value for use. Based on testing result dielectric coefficient of tested matter is searched by finite value algorithm combined with genetic algorithm.

Description

Liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device and test thereof and computing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient measurement mechanism and test and computing method, be specially adapted to the test of the liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient under the HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES, belong to the field tests of material dielectric coefficient.
Background technology
The dielectric coefficient of material is basis and an important problem in the research of material and microwave interactive always.Understand the dielectric coefficient of various materials, can further understand its situation microwave absorbing and reflection.Traditional resonant cavity method is difficult to satisfy the requirement of broadband on-line measurement because single resonator cavity measurement frequency band is narrower; Traditional Transmission line method is used the coaxial cable or the waveguide of standard, and is higher to the shape need of measured matter sample, be difficult to measure in real time (Dong Shuyi, microwave measurement. Beijing: publishing house of Beijing Institute of Technology, 1991.).
The open ended coaxial wire method is applicable to wide-band width measurement as a kind of non-destructive measuring method, and not high to the sample of material shape need, has just received much concern since proposing.But owing to need before measuring with the material of known dielectric coefficient such as methyl alcohol, water etc. as caliberator, the uncertainty that selected model difference can cause calibration and measure has influenced the scope of application of this method.Simultaneously, need to measure the amplitude and the phase place of reflection coefficient in the measurement.But, measure the amplitude and the phase place of reflection coefficient simultaneously, just must use expensive microwave vector network analyzer, and under the effect of research HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES, during the dielectric property of material, usually be difficult to accurately measure the phase place of reflection coefficient.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of liquid or solid powder dielectric coefficient test device and test and method of being used at the deficiency on the prior art, be characterized in adopting channels coaxial formula proving installation and corresponding method, can avoid the use of expensive microwave vector network analyzer, avoided the inaccurate negative effect that measurement result is brought of phase test under the HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES effect simultaneously, having does not need caliberator, wideband, characteristics of real time.
Purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical measures:
The liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device is by microwave signal source, arrive the input end of the coaxial measuring section of fluting by circulator, dual directional coupler, behind measured matter, produce reflection wave Pr and transmitted wave Pt, reflection wave Pr is transferred to matched load by dual directional coupler and circulator, transmitted wave Pt is through directional coupler, connect matched load, incident wave Pi, the reflection wave Pr that is coupled out by dual directional coupler at fluting coaxial measuring section two ends and insert the binary channels power meter respectively by the transmitted wave Pt that directional coupler is coupled out and deliver to computing machine and constitute integral body.
The coaxial measuring section of slotting is provided with measuring vessel, and measuring vessel is provided with slotted coaxial line, and slotted coaxial line passes measuring vessel, and seal with epoxide-resin glue in measuring vessel and the slit of measuring between the coaxial cable, contains fluid to be measured or solid powder substance in the measuring vessel.
Slotted coaxial line is provided with coaxial outer conductor and inner wire, fills with teflon between coaxial outer conductor and the inner wire.
The test of liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device and computing method:
1) method of testing:
With test substance put into the fluting coaxial measuring section measuring vessel, start microwave signal source, the conditioning signal source power reads reflection coefficient S in computing machine 11With transmission coefficient S 21Amplitude stand-by as measured value.
2) computing method:
Set up the computation model identical with actual measurement system, wherein the dielectric coefficient of test substance is as variable, and initial value is given arbitrarily by the genetic algorithm initialization, the reflection coefficient S that utilizes numerical algorithm substance for calculations such as finite element to cause when this dielectric coefficient 11With transmission coefficient S 21Amplitude, and with measured value relatively, in genetic algorithm, fitness function is optimized, search fitness function optimum solution, it is the optimum solution of dielectric coefficient, its principle is: (1) supposes the value of a measured matter dielectric coefficient, the amplitude of the reflection coefficient when utilizing numerical computation methods such as finite element to obtain slotted coaxial line fluting place measured matter is arranged; (2) calculated value is compared with measured value, if the two difference does not reach given error range (being that fitness function does not reach given error range), then utilize genetic algorithm that the dielectric coefficient of hypothesis is optimized (intersect, make a variation), calculate reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient mould value again, compare with measured value; If the two difference does not satisfy given error range, repeat (2), satisfy given error range up to the two difference.
Step 1: initiation parameter mainly comprises the required variable of define program, sets the population number, the mrna length and the span of individuality in the population.
Step 2: definition fitness function f, f=exp{-C (|| S 11|-| S 11' ||+|| S 21|-| S 21' ||)
In the formula | S 11' |, | S 21' | be the calculated value of reflection coefficient mould value, | S 11|, | S 21| be the measured value of reflection coefficient, C is an arbitrary constant.
Step 3: generate initial population at random, promptly suppose the dielectric coefficient of material, random function is provided by program development software.
Step 4: calculate each individual fitness in the population, at first use each individuality provides in the population hypothesis dielectric coefficient to calculate the mould value of reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient by finite element method, measured value substitution fitness function with calculated value and computer interface collection calculates then, judges whether the result of fitness function reaches the specification error scope.
Step 5: eliminate the low individuality of fitness, the individuality that the genetic adaptation degree is high.
Step 6: cross match and mutation operation, in example, set a pair of gene that needs are changed, only of gene 14 bits is intersected and mutation operation.
Step 7: whether iterations or result meet the demands, if do not meet the demands, then carry out step 4 again to step 7, till meeting the demands.
Step 8: the output fitness the highest individuality, i.e. the dielectric coefficient of measured matter.
The advantage of invention
Measuring system of the present invention is simple, need not derive the formula between measured value and the desired value, can utilize genetic algorithm cross-notching coaxial cable measurement result to be optimized iteration, directly obtain dielectric coefficient and correlation parameter, and the dielectric property that can be used for material under the high-power condition is measured, and has the characteristics of wide-band width measurement simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the test macro block diagram
1, microwave signal source, 2, circulator, 3, dual directional coupler, 4, the coaxial measuring section of slotting, 5, directional coupler, 6, matched load, 7, the binary channels power meter, 8, computing machine.
Fig. 2 is the coaxial measuring section of fluting
9, slotted coaxial line, 10, coaxial outer conductor, 11, coaxial inner conductor, 12, measuring vessel, 13, measured matter, 14, teflon.
Fig. 3 is the slotted coaxial line sectional view
(a) longitudinal section cut-open view (b) cross section view
Fig. 4 is the calculation procedure process flow diagram
Embodiment
Below by embodiment the present invention is specifically described; be necessary to be pointed out that at this present embodiment only is used for the present invention is further specified; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the person skilled in the art in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of the invention described above.
Embodiment
The liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device is by microwave signal source 1, by circulator 2, dual directional coupler 3 is to the input end of the coaxial measuring section 4 of fluting, behind measured matter, produce reflection wave Pr and transmitted wave Pt, reflection wave Pr is transferred to matched load 6 by dual directional coupler 3 and circulator 2, transmitted wave Pt is through directional coupler 5, connect matched load 6, the incident wave Pi that is coupled out by dual directional coupler 3 at the coaxial measuring section of fluting 4 two ends, reflection wave Pr and insert binary channels power meter 7 respectively by the transmitted wave Pt that directional coupler 5 is coupled out and deliver to computing machine 8 and constitute integral body.
The coaxial measuring section 4 of slotting is provided with measuring vessel 12, measuring vessel is provided with slotted coaxial line 9, slotted coaxial line passes measuring vessel, and seal with epoxide-resin glue in measuring vessel and the slit of measuring between the coaxial cable, contains fluid to be measured or solid powder substance 13 in the measuring vessel.
Slotted coaxial line 9 is provided with coaxial outer conductor 10 and inner wire 11, fills with teflon 14 between coaxial outer conductor and the inner wire.
Method of testing:
Test substance is put into the coaxial measuring section 4 of fluting, start microwave signal source 1, the conditioning signal source power reads reflection coefficient S in computing machine 8 11With transmission coefficient S 21Amplitude stand-by as measured value.
Put into deionized water to be measured or methyl alcohol-alcohol mixed solution, when frequency is 2450MHz, methyl alcohol-the alcohol mixture of different volumes ratio is measured during to 25 ℃ deionized waters and one group 20 ℃, start microwave signal source, regulate incident power and be respectively 10W and 1mW, from computing machine 8, read corresponding measurement respectively | S 11| and | S 21| the result, see table 1 for details.
Computing method:
In genetic algorithm, initial population is at complex permittivity real part from 1 to 200,5 individualities that produce at random in loss tangent from 0 to 1 scope, and each individuality comprises real part and loss tangent, each is with the binary number representation of 15 of two length.With the S11 that measures in the table 1, S12 brings fitness function into, that is:
f＝exp{-C(||S 11|-|S 11′||+||S 21|-|S 21′||)}
Wherein, C is an arbitrary constant, gets C=100 in the calculating, | S 11| and | S 21| be measured value, | S 11' | and | S 21' | be the finite element method calculated value, getting such fitness function is in order to amplify the error between calculated value and the measured value, to guarantee better computational accuracy.In each generation, comprise 5 individualities in the calculating, calculates each individual fitness, by duplicate, intersection, mutation operator generate colony of future generation, wherein duplicating operator adopts the roulette dish to select, crossover operator adopts a bit and intersects, and crossover probability is 0.5, and the variation probability is 0.02.Fitness require for fitness function greater than 0.9, maximum iteration time was 200 generations.Result of calculation and pertinent literature data compare, and it the results are shown in Table 2 and table 3:
The mould value of the S parameter that table 1 measures
Measured matter |S 11| |S 21|
Deionized water (25 ℃) 0.456 0.333
Methyl alcohol-alcohol mixture volume ratio (ethanol: methyl alcohol) 20 ℃ 100％ 0.264 0.640
90％ 0.287 0.618
80％ 0.316 0.598
70％ 0.342 0.570
60％ 0.379 0.546
50％ 0.412 0.522
40％ 0.438 0.508
30％ 0.475 0.491
20％ 0.500 0.480
10％ 0.512 0.466
0％ 0.540 0.449
The comparison of table 2 deionized water measured value and literature value (2450MHz, 25 ℃, 10W)
Real part Imaginary part
Calculated value Literature value Relative error (%) Calculated value Literature value Relative error (%)
75.60 76.96 1.8 8.95 9.22 2.9
The comparison of table 3 methyl alcohol-alcohol mixture measured value and literature value (2450MHz, 20 ℃, 1mW)
Volume ratio (ethanol: methyl alcohol) (%) Real part Imaginary part
Calculated value Literature value Relative error (%) Calculated value Literature value Relative error (%)
100 6.90 6.72 2.7 6.55 6.43 2.0
90 7.63 7.70 0.9 7.23 7.30 1.0
80 8.67 8.50 2.0 7.72 7.83 1.4
70 9.15 9.25 1.1 8.80 8.72 0.9
60 10.78 11.07 2.6 9.48 9.60 1.2
50 12.18 12.65 3.7 10.30 10.02 2.8.
40 13.54 13.94 2.9 10.72 10.97 2.3
30 15.90 16.26 2.2 11.06 11.40 3.0
20 17.50 18.06 3.1 11.22 11.65 3.7
10 18.36 19.01 3.4 11.82 12.20 3.1
0 20.59 21.25 3.1 12.18 12.51 2.6

Claims (4)

1. liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device, it is characterized in that this device is by microwave signal source (1), by circulator (2), dual directional coupler (3) is to the input end of the coaxial measuring section of fluting (4), behind measured matter, produce reflection wave Pr and transmitted wave Pt, reflection wave Pr is transferred to matched load (6) by dual directional coupler (3) and circulator (2), transmitted wave Pt is through directional coupler (5), connect matched load (6), the incident wave Pi that is coupled out by dual directional coupler (3) at fluting coaxial measuring section (4) two ends, reflection wave Pr and insert binary channels power meter (7) respectively by the transmitted wave Pt that directional coupler (5) is coupled out and deliver to computing machine (8) and constitute whole.
2. liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device according to claim 1, the coaxial measuring section (4) that it is characterized in that slotting is provided with measuring vessel (12), measuring vessel is provided with slotted coaxial line (9), slotted coaxial line passes measuring vessel, seal with epoxide-resin glue in measuring vessel and the slit of measuring between the coaxial cable, contains fluid to be measured or solid powder substance (13) in the measuring vessel.
3. liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that slotted coaxial line (9) is provided with coaxial outer conductor (10) and inner wire (11), fills with teflon (14) between coaxial outer conductor and the inner wire.
4. as the test and the computing method of liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device as described in the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that:
1) method of testing:
With test substance put into the fluting coaxial measuring section (4) measuring vessel (12), start microwave signal source (1), the conditioning signal source power reads reflection coefficient S in computing machine (8) 11With transmission coefficient S 21Amplitude stand-by as measured value;
2) computing method:
Set up the computation model identical with actual measurement system, wherein the dielectric coefficient of test substance is as variable, and initial value is given arbitrarily by the genetic algorithm initialization, the reflection coefficient S that utilizes numerical algorithm substance for calculations such as finite element to cause when this dielectric coefficient 11With transmission coefficient S 21Amplitude, and with measured value relatively, in genetic algorithm, fitness function is optimized search fitness function optimum solution, the i.e. optimum solution of dielectric coefficient:
Step 1: initiation parameter mainly comprises the required variable of define program, sets the population number, the mrna length and the span of individuality in the population;
Step 2: definition fitness function f, f=exp{-C (|| S 11|-| S 11' ||+|| S 21|-| S 21' ||)
In the formula | S 11' |, | S 21' | be the calculated value of reflection coefficient mould value, | S 11|, | S 21| be the measured value of reflection coefficient, C is an arbitrary constant;
Step 3: generate initial population at random, promptly suppose the dielectric coefficient of material, random function is provided by program development software.
Step 4: calculate each individual fitness in the population, at first use each individuality provides in the population hypothesis dielectric coefficient to calculate the mould value of reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient by finite element method, measured value substitution fitness function with calculated value and computer interface collection calculates then, judges whether the result of fitness function reaches the specification error scope;
Step 5: eliminate the low individuality of fitness, the individuality that the genetic adaptation degree is high;
Step 6: cross match and mutation operation, in example, set a pair of gene that needs are changed, only of gene 14 bits is intersected and mutation operation;
Step 7: whether iterations or result meet the demands, if do not meet the demands, then carry out step 4 again to step 7, till meeting the demands;
Step 8: the output fitness the highest individuality, i.e. the dielectric coefficient of measured matter.
CN 200710049439 2007-07-03 2007-07-03 Liquid or solid powder substance dielectric coefficient test device, and the test and calculation method Pending CN101078692A (en)

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