CN101073693A - Quasi-realtime forest fire monitoring system based on small aircraft - Google Patents
Quasi-realtime forest fire monitoring system based on small aircraft Download PDFInfo
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- CN101073693A CN101073693A CN 200610026571 CN200610026571A CN101073693A CN 101073693 A CN101073693 A CN 101073693A CN 200610026571 CN200610026571 CN 200610026571 CN 200610026571 A CN200610026571 A CN 200610026571A CN 101073693 A CN101073693 A CN 101073693A
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Abstract
The invention is concerned with monitor system for forest fire, especially real time and dynamic monitor system and method based on mini-type of aerocraft. The system is different with conventional remote sensing equipment to gather data, while it will parse and adjudge data at real time and feedback to data gather equipment. The mini-type of aerocraft will offer especial monitor to object, such as forest fire. The system will enhance the efficiency to monitor and reduce the rate of misinformation of fire. The misinformation relates to no alarm with fire and alarm without fire. It will reduce the alarm periods of fire compare to conventional non-dynamic remote sensing exploration.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a forest fire monitoring system, particularly based on the quasi real time dynamic monitoring system and the implementation method of small aircraft.
Background technology
Forest is an important natural resource, and nature, economy and earth ecology all are significant.The prevention of the protection of the forest reserves, particularly forest fire and control are important steps of environmental protection.Along with the enhancing of greenhouse effects, global warming, it is more and more frequent that forest fire also becomes.And in order to realize effective control of forest fire, the prerequisite that the fast monitored of forest fire necessitates.
Wide at area of woods, the unfrequented characteristics in certain areas have number of ways can realize forest fire monitoring.Such as, utilizing the satellite image system, we can provide face of land image, thereby have judged whether that fire takes place.But there is following weakness in satellite system, (1) temporal interval property: at present the trapped orbit satellite does not provide the service of fine definition face of land image, and utilizes earth-circling satellite system, and general every day is around once or several times, its time interval is oversize, and the time can't be from main regulation.(2) limitation of region: the flight path of satellite is determined, can't do concrete adjusting according to the contingent special circumstances of forest fire.(3) track height: be subjected to the influence of cloud layer big, cause judging that from image the error of fire is big.In addition, the radiancy of forest cover is with environmental changes such as various seasons, weather, and also to judging that from image fire brings certain difficulty, the pictorial data that need do various complexity transforms and revises.
Another mode of aerial reconnaissance forest fire is to use for reference meteorological balloon, utilize to provide balloon and be loaded with various detection senser elements and monitor, but balloon relatively is difficult to realize reclaiming.
Present aerial monitoring system is difficult to the real-time monitoring on the complete meaning of realization, all is to the certain areas sampling monitoring under cycle regular hour and interval condition.And realize monitoring in real time, and need lay distributed sensor in the forest floor, its quantitative requirement and the specification requirement that information is transmitted make the total cost of this system very expensive, are difficult in a short time to realize.
Summary of the invention
For the time interval that overcomes satellite image oversize, can't realize autonomous when and where monitoring, and the effect of blocking of avoiding cloud layer, has simultaneously recyclable and reusability again, and, have the advantage cheaper than distributed fixation of sensor on price, we propose a kind of novel forest fire monitoring system.This method is to realize on the basis of remote-controlled small aircraft.
Below our concrete analysis how on the basis of small aircraft, construct one have quasi real time, the forest fire monitoring system of dynamic characteristic.
The several main parts that small aircraft has:
Whole world satellite status system provides the particular location and the route information of aircraft;
Fire detector (comprising the cigarette sense, light-sensitive device, temperature-sensitive device, PS etc.);
Radio information transmitting system;
Relay station (providing battery, information exchange);
Console (earth station), information, control;
Information management and control centre;
Database: data are resolved and judgement.
At first, small aircraft has the ability of remote control distributor, mainly comprises the aircraft part, the remote control part, and earth station etc. is reclaimed in emission.The flying height of aircraft can arrive between the hundreds of rice at several meters, thereby avoids stopping of trees, can survey bigger area again.
Aircraft relies on battery that the energy is provided, and wherein except battery, can also provide autonomous generating in conjunction with solar cell, thereby can improve flying power greatly.In order to increase flying power, can in certain voyage, the terrestrial repetition station be set, change battery.
The distance that every interval is certain is set up a ground control centre, provides aircraft control, continuation of the journey, supports such as information centre.The one big function at center, ground provides the flight remote control, in order to obtain location information accurately, can equip gps system on the aircraft, and send to the ground control centre.
For realizing the detection function, will carry airborne sensor and image pickup system such as camera or video tape recorder on the small aircraft.Comprise heat-sensitive sensor in the senser element with detecting temperature, light sensor is with detection flame, and the cigarette sense is to detect smog.
Information of being gathered and image will send to the ground control centre by Wireless transmission mode.In order to storage, resolve and make judgement.
The ground control centre will with the contrast of the data in the database, and according to certain algorithm and principle, calculate " abnormality degree " data of fire alarm to the data of up-to-date collection.
The control decision is further made in the ground control centre on the abnormality degree data basis of being made.Such as at 3 kinds of different abnormality degrees, following control decision can be done by system.
(be lower than a specific value, we are called improper critical value or threshold value) belongs to normal condition under the low situation of abnormality degree, and aircraft will continue to cruise according to normal preset program.
Be higher than improper critical value when abnormality degree but be lower than the fire alarm critical value, control centre will send instruction, allow aircraft cruise at the higher regional emphasis of abnormality degree, as reducing cruising speed, cruise repeatedly, and increase and survey and image definition etc.Thereby control centre makes judgement in an enterprising step of the data basis that the emphasis of being gathered cruises, thereby is to reduce abnormality degree to allow aircraft normal cruise, and still improves abnormality degree.
When being elevated to a specific fire alarm critical value (or threshold value), abnormality degree then issues fire alarm.
A novelty of the present invention is on the basis of remote sensing, proposes quasi real time dynamic monitoring system.Here the notion of " dynamically " is the remote sensing system with respect to classics, and non-dynamically being meant in preset time and area gathered certain data, and the monitoring remote sensing system can not raise the mode that entire data is gathered on the data basis of being gathered.
This system is different from the sensoring on traditional conventional meaning, and conventional system is only born the function of data acquisition according to the mode that sets in advance.Native system then can be on the data basis of being gathered, carry out data in real time and resolve and adjudicate, and feed back to data acquisition unit, the special case here is a small aircraft, thereby can provide the monitoring of emphasis to monitored target (the special case here is forest fire).The advantage of native system is to improve the efficient of monitoring greatly, thereby reduces the rate of false alarm of fire.Here wrong report has been meant fire but and do not reported to the police, and do not had the situation that fire is but reported to the police.Survey than traditional non-dynamic remote, the present invention also can reduce the alarm cycle of fire greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the quasi real time dynamic monitoring system schematic diagram of small aircraft.
The different abnormality degrees of Fig. 2 are taked the flow chart of different measure.
Below, we will be in conjunction with a concrete case, the scheme of labor present technique and feasibility.
In the accompanying drawing:
(10) global position system
(20) Miniature Vehicle apparatus
(30) fiery point
(41) relay station 1
(42) relay station 2
(50) ground control centre
(21) information of the flight information of small aircraft and collection
(22) flight control information of Miniature Vehicle device is mail in the ground control centre
(60) abnormality degree parameter
(70) abnormality degree is low
(71) normal cruise
(80) abnormality degree height
(81) emphasis cruises
(90) abnormality degree reaches the fire alarm threshold value
(91) fire alarm
The specific embodiment
Under the remote control of ground control centre (50), small aircraft (20) is done orthodox flight and is prepared.Carry battery, GPS device, various sensings and apparatus for picking-up image.
Aircraft cruises according to specific course line and speed.Flying quality (as GPS, speed), and the fire data of gathering (21) is passed to ground control centre (50) by wireless telecommunications.Real-time control 22 is done to flight in the ground control centre on the data basis that is obtained.
Before battery is about to use up, landing relay station (41) or (42), the continuous battery that adds.
The ground control centre is on the fire data basis of being gathered, and the data of comparison database are also done and resolved and judgement.At first we define " abnormality degree " parameter (60), are to the improper degree of monitored system or the description of positive normal manner.According to various images, temperature, data such as smog, in conjunction with weather, geography, ambient parameter and empirical parameters such as vegetation, when the abnormality degree of the data of being gathered is lower than an improper critical value (70), then system is thought normally, and aircraft is according to continuations of the journey (71) such as air lane and speed.
When the abnormality degree of the data of being gathered is higher than improper critical value (80), then system thinks improper, and aircraft is done emphasis cruise (81) in improper zone, comprise the reduction cruising altitude, speed improves the precision of image and sensor measuring, and can cruise repeatedly.On the data basis that the emphasis of being gathered cruises, system redefines new abnormality degree.If new abnormality degree is lower than improper critical value, then system thinks that normally aircraft is according to continuations of the journey such as air lane and speed.
If abnormality degree is elevated to a specific fire alarm critical value (90) from improper critical value, then system will send fire alarm prompting (91).In such cases, need determine whether fire alarm, perhaps send fire alarm early warning notice in conjunction with other monitoring means.
In sum, we have proposed the Real-time and Dynamic Detection system and the technology realization of a small aircraft.Though our system be with forest fire monitoring as special case, the present invention is equally applicable to similarly have the large tracts of land system, and incident such as other natural calamities take place at random, animals and plants insect monitoring, natural resources monitoring etc.
Claims (9)
1. based on the quasi real time dynamic monitoring system of small aircraft.
2. described according to claim item 1, system mainly comprises small aircraft, the ground control centre, and between wireless telecommunications do exchanges data.
3. described according to claim item 1, wherein dynamic monitoring is meant that earth station or air craft carried data handling system are made data decision, and feed back to aircraft in the data that aircraft is gathered, to regulate the monitoring mode of aircraft.
4. described according to claim item 1, wherein monitoring target mainly comprises large tracts of land, the nature or the non-natural phenomena that take place at random, includes but not limited to forest fire, the monitoring of animals and plants insect, natural resources monitoring etc.
5. described according to claim item 1 and 2, wherein small aircraft mainly comprises battery, flight machinery, remote control, communication, and equipment such as sensor and image pickup.Wherein battery can be battery or solar cell.
6. described according to claim item 1 and 3, wherein earth station's (perhaps on-board data base) data of gathering according to aircraft are made after the abnormality degree judgement, can remotely-piloted vehicle do emphasis and cruise.
7. described according to claim item 1 and 6, wherein abnormality degree be make a decision according to the data in data of being gathered and the database after, one that provides is observed the improper degree of system or the parameter of normal degree.
8. described according to claim item 1,6 and 7, wherein, aircraft is after receiving the instruction that emphasis cruises, and the number of times with increase is cruised perhaps reduces cruising altitude and flying speed, and improves the resolution ratio of sensor and image.
9. according to claim item 1 and 8 described methods, the data that earth station cruises according to the emphasis of being gathered are further done abnormality degree and are judged.If normal, then continue to cruise, if abnormality degree reaches alert threshold, then send early warning (as fire alarm) alarm.
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| CN 200610026571 CN101073693A (en) | 2006-05-16 | 2006-05-16 | Quasi-realtime forest fire monitoring system based on small aircraft |
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| CN 200610026571 CN101073693A (en) | 2006-05-16 | 2006-05-16 | Quasi-realtime forest fire monitoring system based on small aircraft |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103188757A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2013-07-03 | 王佐明 | Fire behavior tendency analyzing method and system based on clustering network perceiving technology |
| CN103606261A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-26 | 文杰 | Dynamic cell patrolling system based on aerial photography |
| CN104640770A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2015-05-20 | 波音公司 | Forestry management system |
| CN105681421A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-15 | 清华大学合肥公共安全研究院 | Vehicular real disaster data acquisition experimental platform and data acquisition method |
| CN108225318A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-29 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Air remote sensing paths planning method and system based on picture quality |
| CN112911246A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-04 | 浙江国遥地理信息技术有限公司 | Digital treatment remote sensing monitoring system |
-
2006
- 2006-05-16 CN CN 200610026571 patent/CN101073693A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103188757A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2013-07-03 | 王佐明 | Fire behavior tendency analyzing method and system based on clustering network perceiving technology |
| CN103188757B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2015-11-11 | 王佐明 | Based on condition of a fire trend analysis and the system of Cluster Networks cognition technology |
| CN104640770A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2015-05-20 | 波音公司 | Forestry management system |
| CN103606261A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-26 | 文杰 | Dynamic cell patrolling system based on aerial photography |
| WO2015078284A1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-04 | 文杰 | Cell dynamic patrol system based on aerial photography |
| CN105681421A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-15 | 清华大学合肥公共安全研究院 | Vehicular real disaster data acquisition experimental platform and data acquisition method |
| CN108225318A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-29 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Air remote sensing paths planning method and system based on picture quality |
| CN108225318B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2021-11-02 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Image quality-based aviation remote sensing path planning method and system |
| CN112911246A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-04 | 浙江国遥地理信息技术有限公司 | Digital treatment remote sensing monitoring system |
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