CN101008674B - Device for testing axial displacement of hydroelectric generating set and working method therefor - Google Patents
Device for testing axial displacement of hydroelectric generating set and working method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101008674B CN101008674B CN200610011271A CN200610011271A CN101008674B CN 101008674 B CN101008674 B CN 101008674B CN 200610011271 A CN200610011271 A CN 200610011271A CN 200610011271 A CN200610011271 A CN 200610011271A CN 101008674 B CN101008674 B CN 101008674B
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Abstract
This invention relates to one water wheel motor axis displacement test device and its work method, wherein, the device comprises central control unit, emission drive circuit, receive drive circuit, test result output device, first and second energy exchangers, wherein, the second exchanger is set with reflection board; central control unit computes current speed through caught time information; combining first exchanger time information to compute current water motor axis to output motor axis displacement information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pick-up unit and method of work thereof of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement of power station.
Background technology
Along with the progressively exploitation of China's waterpower resourses, big-and-middle-sized water wheels unit is constantly gone into operation, and makes that the proportion of large-sized water turbine unit in whole electrical network is increasing; the annual generating dutation prolongs; repair time shortens, in case force outage, the economic loss that causes is very serious.Therefore, guarantee the normal safe operation of large-sized water turbine unit, its state monitored that in time find failure symptom, it is very necessary to carry out the research of water wheels unit fault diagnosis.In fault diagnosis research, the vibration of the research hydraulic turbine is an important indicator that is directly connected to the normal operation of hydraulic generator unit." hydraulic generator unit monitoring running state " in " water conservancy and hydropower technology " 1995 (3), " the hydraulic generator unit DYNAMIC STABILITY " in " the Harbin Institute of Technology's journal " 1998 (increasing) disclose above-mentioned related content.
The vibration information of hydraulic generator unit can embody in its axial displacement information to a great extent.Therefore, the detection of the axial displacement information of hydraulic generator unit has crucial effect to security, the reliability and stability that guarantee the running of hydraulic generator unit." displacement of hydraulic generator unit macro-axis " in " Zhongshan University's journal (natural science edition) " 2003 (increasing 2), " analysis and the processing of hydraulic generator unit macro-axis displacement problem " in " the Guangdong water conservancy and hydropower " 2002 (1) and " calculating of hydrogenerator shafting vibration " in " the vibration engineering journal " 2000 (increasing) disclose related content.
The mode that traditional hydrogenerator axial displacement detects has following several:
(1) the mechanical type axial displacement monitoring and protection devices type that surges.This apparatus structure is simple, reliable in action, adjusts easily.But it is not with indicating gauge, and being in operation to monitor the situation of change of axial translation, and contact directly contacts with rotor flange, and in service can the wearing and tearing influences accuracy.
(2) fluid pressure type axial displacement limiting device.This device is not have the mechanical wear problem; the protection operation accurately and reliably; but can not accurately indicate the axial displacement value; can only find out the change in displacement situation roughly from the variation of monitor pressures table oil pressure; and relation is not linear between displacement and the oil pressure, and it is not quite convenient to adjust, when the pressure oil pressure changes greatly; must change the spring on the pilot valve, increase the complicacy of regulating system.
(3) protective device is measured in inductance type axial displacement.It utilizes electromagnetic induction principle work.The axial displacement signalling generator converts the rotor mechanical offset variable to the variable of induced voltage; indicate the variation of rotor axial displacement on the one hand by electric meter; remove to drive sound light alarming circuit or send the tripping grinder signal by relay on the other hand, thereby reach protective effect.This device does not have the wearing and tearing of machinery, the influence that not changed by oil pressure, but measuring ability is comparatively single.
(4) SCM Based intelligent axial displacement monitor.Along with the development of hyundai electronics monitoring technology and microcomputer technology, SCM Based intelligent measuring instrument has become direction.But mostly its primary sample signal is electric signal, is subjected to the interference of abominable site environment easily, and because the limitation of single-chip microcomputer itself as weakness such as instruction execution cycle length, is difficult to collect variation fast, accurately.
Existing part large hydropower station is to adopt high-precision sensor to carry out on-line monitoring, but this mode cost height, the sensor of employing depends on import, and system maintainability is not high, is difficult to be applied.
Chinese patent literature CN2602385 discloses a kind of ultrasonic range finder, form by main frame and target, host power supply is through measuring switch, power supply stabilization circuit is to central microprocessor input measurement signal, central microprocessor output measuring-signal is through switch or connect ultrasonic transmit circuit or connect infrared transmitter, through ultrasonic transmit circuit, connect the main frame amplifying circuit after the main frame ultrasonic emitting/the receiving sensor emission receives measuring-signal, the measuring-signal of described infrared transmitter emission is through infrared radiation receiving circuit, the target amplifying circuit, oscillatory circuit target ultrasonic transmit circuit, target ultrasonic emitting sensor emission, target ultrasound wave receiving sensor receives, pre-amplification circuit connects the main frame amplifying circuit after amplifying, the output of described main frame amplifying circuit input microprocessor behind the integrating circuit integration calculates measured value, and described measured value is by liquid crystal display displays and memory stores.
Chinese patent literature CN2657016 discloses a kind of supersonic range finder with sensitivity automatic gain function, and this device includes microprocessor; One ultrasonic transmit circuit; One ultrasound wave receiving circuit; One echoed signal amplifying circuit; One echoed signal detecting circuit, a display circuit and a digital regulation resistance, this digital regulation resistance is connected with the operational amplifier of microprocessor with the echoed signal amplifying circuit, microprocessor control figure potentiometer, make this digital regulation resistance change the enlargement ratio that its output resistance is adjusted echoed signal automatically, make whole range finding from process in obtain relatively more balanced echoed signal, and do not influence closely find range from shielded the generation of mistake display signals such as geodetic effectively.
Chinese patent literature CN1099870 discloses a kind of ultrasonic ranging method and device, it is characterized in that transmitted wave is to constitute the pulse signal wave with temporal aspect by a plurality of square profiled pulses ripples, each its repetition period pulse width of square profiled pulses ripple preestablishes, and microcomputer is only to having the signal gating of temporal aspect.
Chinese patent literature CN2645091 discloses a kind of transmitting-receiving with the build ultrasonic distance measuring apparatus, it comprises transducer, radiating circuit, receiving circuit, singlechip controller, transducer is connected with radiating circuit, receiving circuit, radiating circuit, receiving circuit are connected with singlechip controller respectively, and singlechip controller is connected with host computer; Singlechip controller control radiating circuit, make ultrasonic transmit circuit drive transducer and regularly launch ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal, transducer receives reflection wave simultaneously, receiving circuit sends singlechip controller to after with the reflection wave processing and amplifying, singlechip controller is caught the pairing time interval of peak value of transmitted wave and reflection wave, again time signal is transmitted into host computer with the RS-485 bus standard.
Above-mentioned supersonic range finder of the prior art all is to utilize hyperacoustic the transmitting and receiving of microprocessor control, utilizes hyperacoustic time interval that transmits and receives to calculate tested distance.But, because the airborne velocity of sound is subjected to influence of various factors, as environment temperature, humidity, amount of dust, wind speed etc., and technique scheme is not all taked the corresponding compensation measure, therefore its testing result error is bigger, generally more than 10mm, can not satisfy the accuracy requirement of that the axial displacement of hydraulic generator unit detects, error requirements less than 0.1mm at all.
Chinese patent literature CN2356355 discloses a kind of supersonic range finder, and this device has adopted gain amplification, peak value to detect and the transit time is detected.Gain amplifying circuit is used for adjusting the amplitude of the echoed signal that preposition amplification produces; Peak detection circuit is used to eliminate undesired signal, detects echo-peak and enters Chip Microcomputer A/D ALT-CH alternate channel; The transit time testing circuit is used for judging whether echo, if echo then stops timer, the request singlechip interruption is read in clocking value, finishes distance calculation by single-chip microcomputer.Adopted temperature sensing circuit simultaneously, as temperature compensation to proofread and correct the velocity of sound.
Japanese documentation JP11044759 discloses a kind of ultrasonic range finder of influence of energy fine compensation air themperature.This ultrasonic range finder has sender unit, signal receiving device, pulse signal generating apparatus and distance calculation device.The frequency of the pulse signal that the pulse signal generating apparatus generates changes with variation of temperature.Sender unit sends a ultrasound wave to measured object, receives that until signal receiving device ultrasound wave through reflection, distance calculation device calculate number of pulse signals and calculate spacing with measured object according to described pulse signal number.
Japanese documentation JP2000088959 also discloses a kind of and the similar ultrasonic range finder of Japanese documentation JP11044759, and its distinguishing characteristics is that the frequency signal that is adopted is adjustable.
Above-mentioned supersonic range finder of the prior art, also be to utilize hyperacoustic the transmitting and receiving of microprocessor control, utilize hyperacoustic time interval that transmits and receives to calculate tested distance, though taked the temperature compensation measure, but still can not satisfy the accuracy requirement of the detection of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement. on the one hand, the velocity of sound is subjected to influence of various factors, as environment temperature, humidity, amount of dust, wind speed etc., it is not enough only taking the temperature compensation measure. on the other hand, pick-up unit in the technique scheme only adopts single-chip microcomputer as central control unit, its computation rate and precision are not high enough. and its reason mainly is to be subjected to the instruction time of the microprocessor that adopted and the influence of microprocessor interrupt response time, adopt 51 series monolithics relatively more commonly used at present such as microprocessor, if adopting crystal oscillator is 12MHz, an one machine cycle still needs the 1us time, enter interruption, also need to carry out redirect, process instructions such as pop down, operating rate is lower, the error that also has 6-10us simultaneously, velocity of propagation 340m/s at air calculates according to sound wave, then can cause measuring distance to produce the error of 2.04-3.4mm. and the warning that the axial displacement of hydraulic generator unit detects is limited to ± 5mm, the hydraulic generator unit is higher because of axial displacement speed and frequency that vibrations take place, so pick-up unit of the prior art far can not satisfy rate requirement and accuracy requirement that the axial displacement of hydraulic generator unit detects. in addition, even if pass through to improve the frequency of operation of the used crystal oscillator of single-chip microcomputer to improve the operating rate and the precision of single-chip microcomputer, but the problem of thereupon bringing is the job stability and the reliability of single-chip microcomputer will have a greatly reduced quality, and be unsuitable for the actual requirement that the higher hydraulic generator unit axial displacement of stability requirement detects.
Chinese patent literature CN2591642 discloses a kind of supersonic range finder, it is made up of ultrasonic generator, pulse-modulator, amplifier, transmitting transducer, receiving transducer, filter amplifier, wave detector, clock signal generator, display, hummer and controller circuitry and parts, and its controller is realized with the piece of CPLD chip.Distance between this device energy measurement transducer and target object, test result show by charactron, when measured distance during less than the preset gate limit value, and buzzer warning.The weak point of this device is that on the one hand, this device is not considered the influence as factors such as environment temperature, humidity, amount of dust, wind speed that the airborne velocity of sound may be subjected to; On the other hand, this device only adopts CPLD to gather ultrasonic propagation time and shows the distance of display-object object by charactron, testing result can not be delivered to monitor terminal, alarm limit can not manually be set, inquire about alarm history, consult measurement data etc. in real time.In this device, the output frequency of ultrasonic generator is got 40KHz simultaneously, and the output frequency of pulse-modulator is got 2Hz, dutycycle gets 0.05%, and the enlargement factor of filter amplifier is got 60dB, and the output frequency of clock signal generator is got 170.0KHz, display result is a measuring distance, and unit is mm.The maximum measuring distance of realizing with this scheme of supersonic range finder is 8.6m, and error is less than 2.0mm, and the alarm threshold minimum is 1Cm.Obviously, this device can not satisfy the accuracy requirement that the axial displacement of hydraulic generator unit detects, and only can be applicable to that backing automobile is crashproof, the blind person explores the way and accuracy of detection such as robot location requires lower occasion.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is problem, the pick-up unit and the method for work thereof of a kind of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement is provided at above-mentioned existence.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme: design the pick-up unit of a kind of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement, comprise central control unit, the emission driving circuit that links to each other with the ultrasound wave output control terminal of central control unit, the reception driving circuit that links to each other with the echoed signal receiving end of central control unit, the testing result output unit and first transducer that link to each other with the testing result output terminal of central control unit; The output terminal of emission driving circuit links to each other with the input end of first transducer, and the input end that receives driving circuit links to each other with the output terminal of first transducer; It is characterized in that: also have second transducer, the output terminal of emission driving circuit links to each other with the input end of second transducer, and the output terminal of second transducer links to each other with the input end that receives driving circuit, is provided with reflecting plate with second transducer at a distance of the H2 place; First transducer be used for to its initial separation be that the tested surface at H1 place is the axle head emission ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal of hydraulic generator unit and the transducer that receives echo; Second transducer is to be used for to reflecting plate emission ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal and to receive the transducer of echo; Central control unit is to be used to control the timing emission of ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal and echo to receive and catch respectively first transducer and second transducer used temporal information T1 and T2 during the transmitting and receiving of separately ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal, simultaneously calculate velocity of sound v in the current environment according to temporal information T2, calculate the distance H 11 of current first transducer and tested surface then according to temporal information T1, to calculate the central control unit of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement and control detection output unit output as a result hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information.
Described initial separation H1 is meant, when the hydraulic generator unit quits work, and the spacing of first transducer and tested surface.
The method of work of the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit of the present invention axial displacement comprises:
Central control unit controls first transducer by the emission driving circuit and second transducer is regularly launched ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal; Central control unit receives echo by receiving driving circuit, to catch first transducer and second transducer used temporal information T1 and T2 during the transmitting and receiving of separately ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal respectively, the back is calculated velocity of sound v in the current environment according to temporal information T2 and second transducer to the spacing H2 of reflecting plate, binding time information T1 calculates the spacing H11 of current first transducer and tested surface then, to calculate hydraulic generator unit axial displacement Δ H, also be the difference of first transducer to the initial separation H1 and the H11 of tested surface; Central control unit is by testing result output unit output hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology: in the pick-up unit of (1) hydraulic generator unit of the present invention axial displacement, central control unit carries out the velocity of sound by second transducer and reflecting plate thereof and proofreaies and correct, with the velocity of sound in the detection current environment, thereby factors such as environment temperature, humidity, amount of dust, wind speed have been got rid of to measuring the influence of current displacement Δ H; With respect to gimmicks such as traditional employing temperature or humidity compensates, have simple in structure, obvious results characteristics.(2) in the method for work of the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit of the present invention axial displacement, the employing frequency is that 20 to 200 times counting pulse signal of ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal frequency carries out step-by-step counting, to catch first transducer and second transducer used temporal information T1 and T2 during the transmitting and receiving of separately ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal respectively, according to the velocity of sound v in T2 and the H2 calculating current environment, back binding time information T1, calculate the spacing H11 of current first transducer and tested surface, to calculate hydraulic generator unit axial displacement Δ H, computational accuracy and speed height.
Description of drawings
For the easier quilt of content of the present invention is clearly understood, below the specific embodiment and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of basis, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the enforcement synoptic diagram of the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit of the present invention axial displacement;
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit of the present invention axial displacement;
Fig. 3 is the circuit block diagram of the pick-up unit of another kind of hydraulic generator unit of the present invention axial displacement;
Fig. 4 is the hardware logic Functional Circuit Diagram that the special IC among Fig. 3 is realized;
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of the central control unit among Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of the reception driving circuit among Fig. 3;
Fig. 7 is the circuit theory diagrams of the emission driving circuit among Fig. 3;
Fig. 8 is the circuit theory diagrams of the keyboard control circuit among Fig. 3;
Fig. 9 is the circuit theory diagrams of the data disaply moudle among Fig. 3;
Figure 10 is the circuit theory diagrams of the RS-485 remote communication module among Fig. 3;
Figure 11 is the circuit theory diagrams of the RS-232 communication module among Fig. 3;
Figure 12 is power circuit principle figure of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the program journey figure of the special IC among Fig. 3.
Embodiment
(embodiment 1)
See Fig. 1-2, the pick-up unit of the hydraulic generator unit axial displacement in the present embodiment comprises central control unit 1, the emission driving circuit 2 that links to each other with the ultrasound wave output control terminal of central control unit 1, the reception driving circuit 3, the testing result output unit that links to each other with the testing result output terminal of central control unit 1, first transducer 21 and second transducer 22 that link to each other with the echoed signal receiving end of central authorities control single 1.The output terminal of emission driving circuit 2 links to each other with the input end of first transducer 21, and the input end that receives driving circuit 3 links to each other with the output terminal of first transducer 21; The output terminal of emission driving circuit 2 links to each other with the input end of second transducer 22, and the output terminal of second transducer 22 links to each other with the input end that receives driving circuit 3, is provided with reflecting plate 24 with second transducer 22 at a distance of the H2 place.
First transducer 21 be used for to its initial separation be that the tested surface 23 at H1 place is the axle head emission ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal of hydraulic generator unit and the transducer that receives echo.
Second transducer 22 is to be used for to reflecting plate emission ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal and to receive the transducer of echo.
Described initial separation H1 is meant, when the hydraulic generator unit quits work, and the spacing of first transducer 21 and tested surface 23.
First transducer 21 and second transducer 22 be arranged on 25 and first transducer 21 on the top board to the initial separation H1 of tested surface 23 greater than the spacing H2 of second transducer 22 to reflecting plate 24.And described H1 is a 3-8 rice, and H2 is a 1-2 rice.In the present embodiment, H1 is 6 meters, and H2 is 1.5 meters.
The method of work of the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement comprises: central control unit 1 is regularly launched ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal by emission driving circuit 2 control first transducers 21 and second transducer 22; Central control unit 1 receives echo by receiving driving circuit 3, to catch first transducer 21 and second transducer 22 used temporal information T1 and T2 during the transmitting and receiving of separately ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal respectively, the back is calculated velocity of sound v in the current environment according to temporal information T2 and second transducer 22 to the spacing H2 of reflecting plate 24, binding time information T1 calculates the spacing H11 of current first transducer 21 and tested surface 23 then, to calculate hydraulic generator unit axial displacement Δ H, also be the difference of first transducer 21 to the initial separation H1 and the described H11 of tested surface 23; Central control unit 1 is by testing result output unit output hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information.
The present invention can also have following modification on the basis of embodiment 1:
(embodiment 2)
See Fig. 3, described central control unit 1 comprise single-chip microcomputer 11 and with the single-chip microcomputer 11 two-way application-specific integrated circuit ASICs that are electrically connected 12.
The ultrasound wave output control terminal of central control unit 1 is the ultrasound wave output control terminal of application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12, the echoed signal receiving end of central authorities' control single 1 is the echoed signal receiving end of application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12, and the testing result output terminal of central control unit 1 is the testing result output terminal of single-chip microcomputer 11.
Application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12 be used to control ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal transmit and receive echo catching first transducer 21 and second transducer 22 used temporal information T1 and T2 during the transmitting and receiving of separately ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal respectively, and described temporal information T1 and T2 are delivered to the application-specific integrated circuit ASIC of single-chip microcomputer 11.
Single-chip microcomputer 11 is described temporal information T1 and the T2 that receive from application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12, and calculate velocity of sound v in the current environment according to temporal information T2, back binding time information T1 calculates the distance H 11 of current first transducer 21 and tested surface, to calculate the single-chip microcomputer of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement and control detection output unit output as a result hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information.
See Fig. 4, the hardware logic functional circuit that application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12 is realized comprises and is used to receive from the control signal of single-chip microcomputer 11 with from the main control module of the echoed signal that receives driving circuit 3, second frequency output module, the 3rd frequency output module, to the first frequency f of outside input
1Signal carry out frequency division and generate second frequency f simultaneously
2Signal and the 3rd frequency f
3Frequency division module, 16 digit counters and the decoder module of signal.
The control signal output ends of single-chip microcomputer 11 connects the signal input end of main control module, the control output end of main control module and second frequency output module, the 3rd frequency output module, the control input end of 16 digit counters and decoder module links to each other, the second frequency output terminal of frequency division module links to each other with the frequency signal input end of second frequency output module with the 3rd frequency output module respectively with the 3rd frequency output terminal, the output terminal of second frequency output module links to each other with the count frequency input end of 16 digit counters, the terminal count output of 16 digit counters connects the counting input end of decoder module, the terminal count output of decoder module connects the temporal information input end of single-chip microcomputer 11, and the output terminal of the 3rd frequency output module also is that the ultrasound wave output control terminal of application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12 links to each other with the control input end of emission driving circuit 2.
The application-specific integrated circuit ASIC that adopts among the present invention can be complex programmable logic device (CPLD) or on-site programmable gate array FPGA, its hardware logic function can realize by user's field programming, has the integrated level height, operating rate is fast, programming is convenient and advantage such as cheap.Especially CPLD, its internal logic structure is simple, the line relative fixed, it is little and measurable to delay time, being more conducive to device works under high frequency, can make system speed can meet and exceed 300MHz easily, the temporal characteristics of CPLD is generally described with nanosecond ns or MHz, and CPLD is input to the output time-delay and can be as short as 3.0ns.Therefore, adopt the echo that transmits and receives of application-specific integrated circuit ASIC control ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal, to catch used temporal information during the transmitting and receiving of ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal, speed is fast, error is little and working stability is reliable.In the present embodiment, single-chip microcomputer 11 is 8051 single-chip microcomputers, and application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12 adopts complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and concrete model is the Mars-95108 of Xilinx company.
The count frequency that complex programmable logic device (CPLD) adopts in the present embodiment is second frequency f
2Be 1MHz, the 3rd frequency f
3Be 40kHz, first frequency f
1Be 32MHz.First frequency f
1Import by external crystal-controlled oscillation.The pulse signal that adopts 1MHz carries out step-by-step counting during the transmitting and receiving of ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal, thereby draw the accurate echo time, make in the present embodiment catch temporal information T1 and T2 be accurate to the 1us level, and make theoretical measuring error be 0.17mm to the maximum, overcome the speed and the accuracy limitations that only adopt single-chip microcomputer in the prior art.Among the present invention, be second frequency f if improve count frequency
2Then can further improve the speed of response of measuring accuracy and measurement, and do not influence the job stability of CPLD. in the present invention simultaneously, single-chip microcomputer 11 calculates the velocity of sound in the current environment according to temporal information T2, the distance H 11 of current first transducer 21 and tested surface is calculated in the back according to temporal information T1, at last by testing result output unit output hydraulic generator unit axial displacement, the operation of single-chip microcomputer almost can be ignored the precision influence of testing result, thereby can reduce the class and the use cost of single-chip microcomputer.
See that Fig. 6-7, the first transducer 21 links to each other with reception driving circuit 3 with emission driving circuit 2 by interface J10 with second transducer 22.Vi (S) termination of emission driving circuit 2 is received the ultrasound wave output control signal from the ultrasound wave output control terminal Vi (S) of CPLD, after amplifying, U11A sends into Vo (S) end of interface J10, to drive first transducer 21 and ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal is penetrated in 22 outputs of second transducer.When H2 is 1.5 meters, H1 is 6 meters, second transducer 22 and first transducer 21 successively receive echo successively, and successively from receiving the signal that the input of driving circuit 3Vi end receives, amplify through amplifying circuit U11B, U12A and U12B, be that the echoed signal receiving end that the optocoupler U14 of H11L1 transports to CPLD U2 is the V_flec end through comparer U13A and model again, thereby realize the reception of echoed signal.Optocoupler U14 has realized the isolation of mimic channel and digital circuit, has strengthened antijamming capability.
See Figure 13, the method of work of the pick-up unit of the hydraulic generator unit axial displacement of present embodiment, comprise: single-chip microcomputer 11 regularly sends steering order to application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12, make application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12 regularly launch ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal, and receive echo by receiving driving circuit 3, first transducer 21 and second transducer 22 by emission driving circuit 2 control first transducers 21 and second transducer 22; In the emission and echo reception period of the ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal of described second transducer 22, application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12 utilizes second frequency f
2Pulse signal carry out step-by-step counting, until echoed signal is for the first time arranged, counted number of pulses m2, be temporal information T2; In the emission and echo reception period of the ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal of described first transducer 21, application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12 utilizes second frequency f
2Pulse signal carry out step-by-step counting, until echoed signal is for the first time arranged, counted number of pulses m1, be temporal information T1; Application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12 is delivered to single-chip microcomputer 11 with described temporal information T1 and T2; Described temporal information T1 and T2 that single-chip microcomputer 11 receives from application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12, and calculate velocity of sound v in the current environment according to temporal information T2, back binding time information T1 calculates the spacing H11 of current first transducer 21 and tested surface 23, to calculate hydraulic generator unit axial displacement Δ H, promptly first transducer 21 is to the difference of the initial separation H1 and the H11 of tested surface 23; Central control unit 1 is by testing result output unit output hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information.Wherein, second frequency f
2Be ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal frequency f
320 to 200 times so that count pulse has higher counting precision, reduce error; In the present embodiment, second frequency f
2Be 1MHz, the 3rd frequency f
3Be 40kHz, first frequency f
1Be 32MHz.
(embodiment 3)
See Fig. 5, on the basis of the foregoing description, single-chip microcomputer 11 is the i.e. 8051 single-chip microcomputer U1 of 8 single-chip microcomputers, and to be that CPLD U2 is two-way through eight homophase tristate bus line transceiver U13 with application-specific integrated circuit ASIC 12 be electrically connected single-chip microcomputer 11.Adopt eight homophase tristate bus line transceivers, make the data communication end that the data communication end AD0-AD7 of single-chip microcomputer U1 can detected output unit as a result multiplexing, only use 8 single-chip microcomputers can satisfy use, to reduce cost.The ultrasound wave output control terminal of CPLD U2 is Vi (S) end of U2 among the figure, the echoed signal receiving end of CPLD U2 is the V_flec end of U2 among the figure, the testing result output terminal of single-chip microcomputer 11 is the data communication end AD0-AD7 end of U1 among the figure, and the A13 of U1 is the addressing end, and RD is a control end.The first frequency f of 32MHz
1Import U2 by crystal oscillator Y1 by the CLK end.
The testing result output unit comprises data disaply moudle 4 (see figure 9)s that are used to show hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information that link to each other with single-chip microcomputer 11, be used to realize RS-485 remote communication module 5 (see figure 10)s of remote monitoring center remote monitoring hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information, be used for RS-232 communication module 7 (seeing Figure 11) through ipc monitor hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information, be used for when recording hydraulic generator unit axial displacement, opening warnings such as warning device such as hummer greater than the alarm limit set.
See Fig. 8, also be provided with the keyboard control circuit 6 that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer 11, being used for alarm limit, inquiry alarm history manually being set, consulting measurement data and the duty of single-chip microcomputer 11 is set in real time by data disaply moudle 4. keyboard control circuit 6 links to each other with control end RD with data communication end AD0-AD7, the addressing end A11 of single-chip microcomputer U1 by eight homophase tristate bus line transceiver U3, make the data communication end AD0-AD7 of single-chip microcomputer U1 realize multiplexing, to reduce cost. wherein, the look-at-me output terminal of INT0 end for linking to each other with the INT0 end of single-chip microcomputer.
See Fig. 9, when data disaply moudle 4 work show, at first go out control signal by RD pin, WR pin and the A15 human hair combing waste of single-chip microcomputer U1 and make LCD effective through the processing of gate circuit U5, single-chip microcomputer sends order and data by data port AD0-AD7 to LCD then, makes LCD show corresponding data.A8 and A9 are the addressing end.
Among Figure 10, the RO of remote communication module MAX485 end links to each other with the TxD end with the RxD end of single-chip microcomputer respectively with the DI end, and its 2nd pin links to each other with the P16 end of single-chip microcomputer with the 3rd pin, and interface J9 is used to realize telecommunication as the RS-485 remote communication interface.
Power circuit among Figure 12 is used for providing power supply to each circuit.
On the basis of embodiment 2, the method of work of the pick-up unit of described hydraulic generator unit axial displacement, also comprise: the keyboard control circuit 6 that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer 11 is used for alarm limit, inquiry alarm history manually being set, consulting measurement data and the duty of single-chip microcomputer 11 is set in real time by data disaply moudle 4; The remote monitoring center that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer 11 is used for the axial displacement information of remote monitoring hydraulic generator unit by RS-485 remote communication module 5; Host computer links to each other with single-chip microcomputer 11 by RS-232 communication module 7, with monitoring hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information; When recording hydraulic generator unit axial displacement greater than the alarm limit set, single-chip microcomputer 11 is reported to the police by the coupled warning device 8 of control.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention only is for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not to be qualification to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.And these belong to conspicuous variation or the change that spirit of the present invention extended out and still are among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement comprises central control unit (1), the emission driving circuit (2) that links to each other with the ultrasound wave output control terminal of central control unit (1), the reception driving circuit (3) that links to each other with the echoed signal receiving end of central authorities' control single (1), testing result output unit, first transducer (21) that links to each other with the testing result output terminal of central control unit (1); The output terminal of emission driving circuit (2) links to each other with the input end of first transducer (21), and the input end that receives driving circuit (3) links to each other with the output terminal of first transducer (21);
It is characterized in that: also have second transducer (22), the output terminal of emission driving circuit (2) links to each other with the input end of second transducer (22), the output terminal of second transducer (22) links to each other with the input end that receives driving circuit (3), is provided with reflecting plate (24) with second transducer (22) at a distance of the H2 place;
First transducer (21) be used for to its initial separation be that the tested surface (23) at H1 place is the axle head emission ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal of hydraulic generator unit and the transducer that receives echo;
Second transducer (22) is to be used for to reflecting plate (24) emission ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal and to receive the transducer of echo;
Central control unit (1) is to be used to control the timing emission of ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal and echo to receive and catch respectively first transducer (21) and second transducer (22) used temporal information T1 and T2 during the transmitting and receiving of separately ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal, simultaneously calculate velocity of sound v in the current environment according to temporal information T2, binding time information T1 calculates the distance H 11 of current first transducer (21) and tested surface then, to calculate the central control unit of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement and control detection output unit output as a result hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information.
2. the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit according to claim 1 axial displacement, it is characterized in that: first transducer (21) and second transducer (22) are arranged on (25) on the top board, and first transducer (21) to the initial separation H1 of tested surface (23) greater than the spacing H2 of second transducer (22) to reflecting plate (24).
3. the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit according to claim 2 axial displacement is characterized in that: described central control unit (1) comprise single-chip microcomputer (11) and with the two-way application-specific integrated circuit ASIC that is electrically connected of single-chip microcomputer (11) (12);
The ultrasound wave output control terminal of central control unit (1) is the ultrasound wave output control terminal of application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12), the echoed signal receiving end of central control unit (1) is the echoed signal receiving end of application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12), and the testing result output terminal of central control unit (1) is the testing result output terminal of single-chip microcomputer (11);
Application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12) be used to control ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal transmit and receive echo catching first transducer (21) and second transducer (22) used temporal information T1 and T2 during the transmitting and receiving of separately ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal respectively, and described temporal information T1 and T2 are delivered to the application-specific integrated circuit ASIC of single-chip microcomputer (11);
Single-chip microcomputer (11) is described temporal information T1 and the T2 that receives from application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12), and calculate velocity of sound v in the current environment according to temporal information T2, back binding time information T1 calculates the distance H 11 of current first transducer (21) and tested surface, to calculate the single-chip microcomputer of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement and control detection output unit output as a result hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information.
4. the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit according to claim 3 axial displacement is characterized in that: the hardware logic functional circuit that application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12) is realized comprises and is used for receiving from the control signal of single-chip microcomputer (11) with from the main control module of the echoed signal that receives driving circuit (3), second frequency output module, the 3rd frequency output module, to the first frequency f of outside input
1Signal carry out frequency division and generate second frequency f simultaneously
2Signal and the 3rd frequency f
3Frequency division module, 16 digit counters and the decoder module of signal;
The control signal output ends of single-chip microcomputer (11) connects the signal input end of main control module, the control output end of main control module and second frequency output module, the 3rd frequency output module, the control input end of 16 digit counters and decoder module links to each other, the second frequency output terminal of frequency division module links to each other with the frequency signal input end of second frequency output module with the 3rd frequency output module respectively with the 3rd frequency output terminal, the output terminal of second frequency output module links to each other with the count frequency input end of 16 digit counters, the terminal count output of 16 digit counters connects the counting input end of decoder module, the terminal count output of decoder module connects the temporal information input end of single-chip microcomputer (11), and the output terminal of the 3rd frequency output module also is that the ultrasound wave output control terminal of application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12) links to each other with the control input end of emission driving circuit (2).
5. according to the pick-up unit of the described hydraulic generator unit of one of claim 3-4 axial displacement, it is characterized in that: single-chip microcomputer (11) is 8 single-chip microcomputers, and single-chip microcomputer (11) is through eight homophase tristate bus line transceivers and two-way electrical connection of application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12).
6. the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit according to claim 5 axial displacement is characterized in that: the testing result output unit comprises the data disaply moudle (4) that is used to show hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer, be used to realize the RS-485 remote communication module (5) of remote monitoring center remote monitoring hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information, be used for RS-232 communication module (7) through ipc monitor hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information, be used for the warning device (8) of when recording hydraulic generator unit axial displacement, reporting to the police greater than the alarm limit set.
7. the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit according to claim 6 axial displacement, it is characterized in that: also be provided with the keyboard control circuit (6) that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer (11), be used for alarm limit, inquiry alarm history manually being set, consulting measurement data and the duty of single-chip microcomputer (11) is set in real time by data disaply moudle (4).
8. the method for work of the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit axial displacement comprises:
Central control unit (1) is regularly launched ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal by emission driving circuit (2) control first transducer (21) and second transducer (22);
Central control unit (1) receives echo by receiving driving circuit (3), to catch first transducer (21) and second transducer (22) used temporal information T1 and T2 during the transmitting and receiving of separately ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal respectively, the back is calculated velocity of sound v in the current environment according to temporal information T2 and second transducer (22) to the spacing H2 of reflecting plate (24), binding time information T1 calculates the spacing H11 of current first transducer (21) and tested surface (23) then, to calculate hydraulic generator unit axial displacement Δ H, also be that first transducer (21) is to the initial separation H1 of tested surface (23) and the difference of H11;
Central control unit (1) is by testing result output unit output hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information.
9. the method for work of the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit according to claim 8 axial displacement is characterized in that: central control unit (1) comprise single-chip microcomputer (11) and with the two-way application-specific integrated circuit ASIC that is electrically connected of single-chip microcomputer (11) (12);
Single-chip microcomputer (11) regularly sends steering order to application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12), make application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12) regularly launch ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal, and receive echo by receiving driving circuit (3), first transducer (21) and second transducer (22) by emission driving circuit (2) control first transducer (21) and second transducer (22);
In the emission and the echo take over period of the ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal of described second transducer (22)
Between in, application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12) utilizes second frequency f
2Pulse signal carry out step-by-step counting, and counted number of pulses m2, be temporal information T2;
In the emission and echo reception period of the ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal of described first transducer (21), application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12) utilizes second frequency f
2Pulse signal carry out step-by-step counting, and counted number of pulses m1, be temporal information T1; Second frequency f
2Be ultrasound wave burst pulse string signal frequency f
320 to 200 times;
Application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12) is delivered to single-chip microcomputer (11) with described temporal information T1 and T2;
Single-chip microcomputer (11) receives described temporal information T1 and the T2 from application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (12), and calculate velocity of sound v in the current environment according to temporal information T2, back binding time information T1 calculates the spacing H11 of current first transducer (21) and tested surface (23), to calculate hydraulic generator unit axial displacement Δ H, promptly first transducer (21) is to the initial separation H1 of tested surface (23) and the difference of H11;
Central control unit (1) is by testing result output unit output hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information.
10. the method for work of the pick-up unit of hydraulic generator unit according to claim 9 axial displacement, it is characterized in that: the keyboard control circuit (6) that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer (11) is used for alarm limit, inquiry alarm history manually being set, consulting measurement data and the duty of single-chip microcomputer (11) is set in real time by data disaply moudle (4);
The remote monitoring center that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer (11) is used for the axial displacement information of remote monitoring hydraulic generator unit by RS-485 remote communication module (5);
Host computer links to each other with single-chip microcomputer (11) by RS-232 communication module (7), with monitoring hydraulic generator unit axial displacement information;
When recording hydraulic generator unit axial displacement greater than the alarm limit set, single-chip microcomputer (11) is reported to the police by coupled warning device (8).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200610011271A CN101008674B (en) | 2006-01-24 | 2006-01-24 | Device for testing axial displacement of hydroelectric generating set and working method therefor |
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| CN200610011271A CN101008674B (en) | 2006-01-24 | 2006-01-24 | Device for testing axial displacement of hydroelectric generating set and working method therefor |
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| CN101008674B true CN101008674B (en) | 2010-05-12 |
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| EP3109399B1 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-08-09 | BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbH | Device and method for measuring a hole in the ground |
| CN106706293A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-24 | 北京中元瑞讯科技有限公司 | Analysis and diagnosis method of rotor mechanical deformation in startup-shutdown process of hydraulic generator set |
| CN108663616A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-10-16 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Large-size machine shaft axial displacement state analysis method |
| CN111175757A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-19 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | High-precision ultrasonic range finder |
| CN113294277B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-03-25 | 湖南省水利投地方电力有限公司 | Detection device and detection method for axial displacement of hydroelectric generating set |
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