CN1006994B - Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioyide based fluids - Google Patents
Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioyide based fluidsInfo
- Publication number
- CN1006994B CN1006994B CN 85102151 CN85102151A CN1006994B CN 1006994 B CN1006994 B CN 1006994B CN 85102151 CN85102151 CN 85102151 CN 85102151 A CN85102151 A CN 85102151A CN 1006994 B CN1006994 B CN 1006994B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- carbon dioxide
- emulsion
- fluid
- liquid
- storage layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for fracturing an underground storing layer by utilizing stable foam fracturing fluid. The fracturing fluid is composed of 30% to more than 95% of carbon dioxide, and actual anhydrous fluid and a selected surface active agent as the rest. A stabilized fluid-fluid emulsion containing the carbon dioxide is injected in a well drilling hole penetrating through the underground storing layer so that foam is generated on the spot. The temperature and the pressure of the emulsion are controlled in the process of injecting the carbon dioxide into the well drilling hole so that the carbon dioxide keeps a fluid phase. Then, the carbon dioxide is heated to 88 DEG F (31 DEG C) by the underground storing layer, and the stabilized emulsion can automatically form stable foam with high quality at the moment.
Description
The invention relates to a kind of carbon dioxide-base liquid of using, implement Splitting Method, especially about with a kind of two-phase fluid pressure break subsurface reservoir that is substantially free of water at the subsurface reservoir that penetrated of being got into the cave by drilling well.
Processing is known technology very of a specified duration by the get into the cave subsurface reservoir that penetrated of drilling well to stimulate it and produce hydrocarbon or to increase ability of accepting to inject liquid, and the most general a kind of method that makes the hydrocarbonaceous reservoir increase output is this reservoir of frac treatment.Processing method is with enough pressure and flow velocity liquid, gas or two-phase fluid (being commonly referred to as fracturing fluid) to be injected the drilling well hole, the underground storage layer of pressure break.Available support substance has sand, bird's-eye gravel, sintering alum clay, and bead or the like all can inject pressure-break it is strutted.The crack that has strutted provides bigger flow passage, can be logical for relatively large hydrocarbon stream, increased capacity of well thus.
Traditional fracturing technique is to utilize a kind of water base or oil based fluids to come the storage layer of pressure break one hydrocarbonaceous.
Another successful fracturing technique be it is called is " foam fracturing method ".For example United States Patent (USP) the 3rd, 980, and 136 descriptions is exactly this method.Put it briefly, this method comprises produces " that (Mitchell) quality closely " foam that meets the requirements, and again by the drilling well hole, it injection is wanted the storage layer of pressure break.The foam composition will make the Mitchell foam quality of borehole bottom be approximately between 0.53 to 0.99.Can produce foam with all gases and liquid, but this technology conventional foam produced by the nitrogen G﹠W, also added the surfactant that is fit to.The pressure that foam is pumped into drilling well needs and can produce pressure-break at hydrocarbonaceous storage layer.In addition, can make foam expansion owing to reduce pressure, after leading pressure off at Jing Ding, foam is easy to overflow in well.
Another fracturing technique is with a kind of liquefaction (normally gas) fluid.For example the U.S. the 3rd, 195, and No. 634 patents are revealed the underground storage layer that a kind of liquid with carbon dioxide and water-liquid mixture processing was pierced by drilling well.The deal that carbon dioxide exists is to be equal to 300 to 1500 standard cube Foot (in 26 ℃ and 14.7psi pressure) are arranged in per 42 gallons waters.This composition injects with enough pressure, with pressure break storage layer.Prescription can comprise gelling agent and support substance.After the Jing Ding decompression, liquid carbon dioxide can gasify and flow out by the storage layer is interior.
The U.S. the 3rd, 310, No. 112 patent is revealed the underground method of storing floor that pressure break was pierced by drilling well, the pressure injection of storing layer with enough pressure breaks blendes together the liquid carbon dioxide of paste-like and the mixture of support substance in appropriate device.The deal that carbon dioxide exists is at least enough to five parts of (volume) carbon dioxide of every part of (volume) slurry support substance supply.Contain the liquid carbon dioxide of support substance in injection after, the Yu Jingding decompression.Usually the storage layer all heats carbon dioxide fully.Make that after decompression liquid carbon dioxide is replied and is gas phase.Then, quite Bu Fen carbon dioxide leaves drilling well, takes away or drive away the oil or the liquid carrier of many conveying support substances.
The U.S. the 3rd, 368, No. 627 patents reveal that one handles the method for the storage floor that was pierced by drilling well, basically be to inject a constant boiling point mixture in the drilling well hole, its critical-temperature is enough high, or critical pressure is enough low, therefore under the temperature and pressure when injecting and handle, can both keep liquid.The critical characteristic of this fluid mixture is that when in a single day the pressure that injects the storage layer deducted, the injection fluid of considerable part just can become gas.This fluid mixture is by carbon dioxide and at least a C basically
2To C
6Hydrocarbon form.
United States Patent (USP) the 3rd, 664 is revealed a kind of processing method of the underground storage floor that was pierced by drilling well for No. 422, is under the pressure of enough pressure break storage layers, inject a kind of liquid gas and a kind of gelling alcohol enter in the storage layer.After the decompression of drilling well hole, gasifying liquefied gas leaves the storage layer.Oil well production is subsequently removed the alcohol of gelling then with gasification process, and the gelling agent of leaving over down destruction is in the storage layer.But its gel that is used for carrying proppant is the alcohol of methyl alcohol and other similarities, yet the existence of low-molecular-weight alcohol has adverse influence to of the fracturing fluid viscosity and static stability.
A method if can be provided, and by carbon dioxide generating viscous fluid, and stable in wide temperature range, and the support substance that can carry high concentration enters the water-free haply fluid of underground storage layer, will be very desirable thing.
The invention relates to the method and the used fluid of the storage layer that the pressure break drilling well pierced, and carry the support substance of higher concentration to enter in it.The approach that solves task of the present invention is that the substantially anhydrous fluid that will contain ethylene glycol and hydrocarbon mixes with liquid carbon dioxide and surfactant, form stable emulsion, under uniform temperature and pressure, be heated to above the carbon dioxide critical-temperature after being injected into underground storage layer, formation has the stable foam of certain viscosity, so as to the underground storage layer of pressure break.This method and used fluid can increase the degree of depth that fluid penetrates storage layer, reduce the leakage of fluid to the storage layer, can carry the support substance of high concentration again and do not make supporter sedimentation in fracturing fluid.Fracturing fluid of the present invention is the liquid one milky liquid liquid of the substantially anhydrous on the ground fluid of the liquefied carbon dioxide and stablized, when storage layer heating power emulsion is heated when being higher than the critical-temperature of carbon dioxide again, this emulsion will become the foam of gas-in-liquid.These fracturing fluids comprise about 30% to 95% carbon dioxide with upper volume.But this fracturing fluid contains a kind of stable emulsion and foam and prevents its ruined surfactant, can comprise support substance or the like again.
Good with emulsion and foam property that method of the present invention produces: the ratio that is exactly carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide volume convection cell volume that adds substantially anhydrous liquid is very high, and the viscosity of emulsion and foam is all enough transported the support substance of suitable concentration.With the emulsion that the inventive method produces, there is a meticulous elementary cell yardstick to distribute or tissue, its stability enough is maintained at 15 pounds of per gallon emulsion or above level with the concentration of support substance.
When enforcement was of the present invention, fracturing fluid was under the temperature and pressure that is fit to, and with the carbon dioxide of liquefaction, substantially anhydrous liquid and surfactant blend together stable liquid one milky liquid liquid and get.
The supply of liquefied carbon dioxide is from the ground surface vessel, its temperature and pressure all enough will be normally the carbon dioxide of gaseous state keep liquid state, for example approximately about-18 ℃ temperature and the approximately pressure of 300psi.Liquid carbon dioxide mixes with anhydrous liquid, and required deal will be in about 1: 2 to about 19: 1 scope in the volume ratio of liquid CO 2 and anhydrous liquid.Relatively good with ratio again by about 2: 1 to 4: 1.By the foam that emulsion produces, amount preferably about 65% is to surpassing 80%." quality " speech here is meant that the volume of carbon dioxide adds the percentage that substantially anhydrous fluid adds the volume of liquid composition or the like in other fracturing fluids to carbon dioxide in the storage layer in existing under the temperature and pressure.
This anhydrous basically fluid comprises the mixture of ethylene glycol and hydrocarbon.This fluid of being made up of two kinds of Newtonian liquids shows pseudoplastic behavior.The former wet goods that this hydrocarbon then can comprise for example kerosene, diesel fuel, jet fuel, lightweight or refine.The mixed proportion of ethylene glycol and hydrocarbon is by about 1: 3 to 2: 1.Ethylene glycol can account for about 25% to 70% of anhydrous fluid volume, again with account for anhydrous fluid volume about 40% to 60% for better.
Hydrocarbon can comprise the no aqueous fluid of about 30% to 70% volume, again with comprise about 40% to the no aqueous fluid of about 60% volume for better.
Of the fracturing fluid composition characteristic of the present invention is: the deal of ethylene glycol be fluid liquid partly gross weight 1% to 50%, the deal of hydrocarbon be fluid liquid partly weight 1% to 55%, the deal of surfactant is to want enough stabilizing fracturing fluids, and the deal of carbon dioxide is 30% to 95% of a fracturing fluid volume.
Believe that generally hydrocarbon can be miscible with liquid CO 2, position or kernel texture are provided again, allow the fine droplet of liquid carbon dioxide be able in ethylene glycol, form.
Liquid carbon dioxide and substantially anhydrous fluid mixed can carry out in pressurization blender or other appropriate device.Preferable embodiment is with carbon dioxide and substantially anhydrous liquid, in simple " T " shape junction of fracturing fluid injection pipeline, blendes together emulsion with the handing-over of turbulence.The temperature of emulsion will be approximately a little less than the critical-temperature of carbon dioxide.The surfactant that some can be selected adds in this liquid one milky liquid liquid, and it is stable.The composition of surfactant can be any suitable compound that can form the mixed liquid of stable breast with ethylene glycol and hydrocarbon, but it must stably be deposited together with carbon dioxide.Surfactant can comprise cation, anion or non-ionic compound, and for example betaine, sulphation alkyl oxide are for example by the C of 2 to 10 moles oxirane institute alkoxide
8To C
18Hydrocarbon, alkyl quaternary amine, alkyl diethanol amine, the linear alcohol of ethoxylation, for example by 12 to 40 moles the oxirane or the C of oxidation of alkyl amine institute ethoxylation
8To C
18Hydrocarbon.Selected surfactant is to decide on the kind of the storage layer of want pressure break.Mix with per 1000 gallons no aqueous fluid to about 50 gallons surfactant about 10, obtain the surfactant solution that concentration is about 1% to 5% weight.Should be understood that can be with the surfactant of more substantial appointment, but this is uneconomical.Before forming emulsion, earlier surfactant being mixed with substantially anhydrous liquid is preferable way, because of mixing more evenly like this.
The characteristics that formed stable breast mixes liquid are that the elementary cell yardstick distributes meticulous or organizes meticulous.Here used " elementary cell yardstick " speech is meant in the emulsion, the liquid state of being surrounded by substantially anhydrous liquid phase or the yardstick (size) of gaseous carbon dioxide droplet." tissue " speech is meant in the emulsion, the general state of gaseous state that is studded with or liquid carbon dioxide elementary cell.Emulsion delicate tissues of the present invention can transport the support substance of high concentration.
The substantially anhydrous fluid of formed viscous can be used to the support substance that quantity is many, is transported to the place of mixing with carbon dioxide.Support substance for example can comprise sand, classification gravel, bead, sintering alum clay, wrapped the sand of resin etc.
Support substance is with after viscous fluid is mixed, and just mixes with liquid carbon dioxide.Support substance and viscous fluid can be mixed in any suitable blender, for example batch mixer.
But the deal change of the support substance that mixes with viscous fluid, making in the two-phase fluid that is injected into the storage layer has desirable supporter dosage.The deal of mixing of support substance and the substantially anhydrous fluid of viscous can be by 0 pound of support substance of per gallon viscous agent, until can pump moving, the highest support substance poundage of per gallon viscous fluid exceeds.Look condition in the storage layer, this two-phase fluid can be 1/2 pound to 15 pounds of per gallon two-phase fracturing fluid usually, and not need sieve to go in the support substance that underground storage layer can transport.
When fracturing fluid of the present invention was annotated into the underground storage layer that is pierced by drilling well, temperature was lower than the critical-temperature of carbon dioxide, and pressure is higher than the critical pressure of carbon dioxide.The initial viscosity of forming of the fracturing fluid liquid-milky liquid liquid should make fluid easily be crossed the drilling well hole by pump, but still enough supports a large amount of support substances.
Fracturing fluid will slowly be heated on the critical-temperature of carbon dioxide after being injected into underground storage layer.Be that when this stable liquid-milky liquid liquid was heated on the critical-temperature of carbon dioxide, fluid still kept its viscosity and is transformed into foam unexpectedly.This foam and emulsion all are that the surfactant that is present in the fracturing fluid is stablized.When liquid carbon dioxide was transformed into gas, the volume of carbon dioxide increased a little." gas " speech here is meant to remain under any setting pressure, is in the fluid that is equal to or higher than under its critical-temperature.After stable liquid of the present invention-milky liquid liquid changed foam into, it is stable that foam keeps, and continues support substance is transported in the pressure-break that foam fracturing fluid causes, and its validity is the same with other viscous fluids at least.Found that behind the harsh one-tenth of foam its viscosity is same with liquid-milky liquid liquid phase basically.Foam has reduced liquid significantly and has leaked in reservoir, but when only adopting the liquid fracturing fluid, leakage will take place.The low fluid loss characteristic of fracturing fluid of the present invention compares with the liquid fracturing fluid, when certain fracturing fluid volume and injection rate, has bigger volume efficiency.
Injecting being used for behind the fracturing fluid of pressure break storage layer and transportation support substance of all calculating or need to estimate, the drilling well hole is closed, and the duration of time will enough allow underground storage layer settle out.In one embodiment, be that a period of time is closed in drilling well, to allowing the storage layer close partially on supporting object and crevice volume being settled out.Shut-in time can be by several minutes to surpassing about 12 hours, preferably one to two hour.After underground storage layer is stable, abstemiously open drilling well hole, the decompression in the well hole will destroy foam.Then, carbon dioxide leaves the storage layer, enters the drilling well hole, and Jing Dong is left at the place in ground.The liquid that gas is present in all in the pressure break district is haply taken away, and stays the storage layer and the oil well of cleaning, and production can will begin in a minute.
Curiously, we realize if there is the alcohol of relatively large any lower molecular weight to exist in fracturing fluid of the present invention, will be very unfavorable.The existence of alcohol will greatly reduce of the fracturing fluid static stability of the present invention.Of the fracturing fluid viscosity also greatly lowers.Therefore, the existence of low-molecular-weight alcohol to this fracturing fluid all unfavorable usually.
Fracturing fluid composition of the present invention can contain water fluid in a small amount, though this situation generally is considered to not wish take place.When needed, can contain the water liquid of 0 to 10% weight in the fracturing fluid and very not influence its function.In some cases, containing small amount of aqueous phase liquid may be more favourable.Found to contain small amount of aqueous phase liquid, can obviously increase the viscosity of fluid at fracturing fluid of the present invention.Therefore, under suitable situation, the water fluid of available a small amount of replaces the ethylene glycol in a part of fracturing fluid, and does not reduce of the fracturing fluid viscosity.In addition, have been found that a spot of water liquid (for example water), when using fracturing fluid, be present in the storage layer, or be present in the of the fracturing fluid mixing plant, the function of handling underground storage layer aspect be there is no bad influence.
Following example can clearlyer be illustrated method of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example one
Carry out following test to illustrate the stability of this liquid-milky liquid liquid.
With 960 milliliters ethylene glycol, the surfactant of 960 milliliters kerosene or No. two diesel oil and 80 milliliters (contains by the sulphation C of 3 moles oxirane institute ethoxylation
12To C
14The ammonium salt of linear alcohol) mixes, make substantially anhydrous fluid intermixture.Use a double pump system, simultaneously with liquid carbon dioxide and substantially anhydrous fluid mixture, it is that 1000psi, temperature are in 24 ℃ the circulating ring viscometer that pump advances a pressure.Adjust pump and advance speed, the carbon dioxide and the ratio of no aqueous fluid are catered to the need, the emulsion of selected quality is provided.
Emulsion was circulated in viscometer about 5 minutes, make the fluid that roughly reaches balance.With 500 seconds
-1Shear rate measure the viscosity of emulsion, and then measure the stability of stationary fluid.The measurement method of stationary fluid stability is that the openning and dosing bib of viscometer observation ward bottom is shut, and measures the required time of separating emulsion again.The result is as shown in the table:
Table 1
% was at 500 seconds for sample number emulsifier quality
-1Static stability
Apparent viscosity (centipoise) (minute)
1 60
1192 20
2 40
1177 25
3 30
1172 50
4 60
2220 18
5 50
2201 35
6 40
2172 33
1. the emulsion that contains kerosene
2. the emulsion that contains No. 2 diesel oil
Example two
Carry out following test, so that the adverse effect that physical characteristic caused of low-molecular-weight alcohol to the fluid that contains composition of the present invention to be described.
Make the fluid of following composition according to example one: No. 1 fluid-12.3% ethylene glycol, 22.8% kerosene, 1.5% surfactant (contains by the sulphation C of 3 moles oxirane institute ethoxylation
12To C
14The ammonium salt of linear alcohol), 1.4% methyl alcohol and 62% liquid carbon dioxide.
No. 2 fluid-25.1% ethylene glycol, 27.8% kerosene, 2.3% as above surfactant, 2.8% methyl alcohol and 42% liquid carbon dioxide.
The method of use-case 1 is measured the viscosity and the static stability of fluid.The results are shown in following table:
Table 2
% was at 500 seconds for sample number emulsifier quality
-1Static stability
Apparent viscosity (centipoise) (minute)
1 62 69 4
2 42 58 5
These data are obviously expressed low-molecular-weight alcohol, and viscosity and static stability to emulsion with composition of the present invention all have adverse effect.
These experiments are clear to be demonstrated, according to practice of the present invention, and the essence stability that newborn mixture can reach.The stability of the foam that test is made also demonstrates simultaneously, and when underground storage layer was heated to carbon dioxide on the critical-temperature, the foam of formation also had high stability.
" the stablizing " or the speech such as " stable " that are used for emulsion of the present invention and foam etc., the meaning is meant the physics and the functional characteristic of fluid, will remain unchanged in a period of time, enough effectively underground storage layer is handled with this law.
Claims (6)
1, the method for the underground storage layer that pierced by drilling well of a kind of pressure break comprises: substantially anhydrous fluid is mixed with a liquid carbon dioxide and a surfactant; This mixture is injected the underground storage layer that is pierced by drilling well, and implantation temperature is lower than the critical-temperature of carbon dioxide, and pressure then is enough to make carbon dioxide keep liquid state; This mixture is kept one enough period, make the storage layer be able to mixture is heated on the critical-temperature of carbon dioxide; And with the underground storage of this mixture pressure break layer, it is characterized in that described substantially anhydrous fluid contains ethylene glycol and is selected from diesel fuel, the jet-propelled a kind of hydrocarbon that starts in fuel, the crude oil that refined or lightweight, described mixture forms emulsion, described surfactant is stablized the emulsion that this mixture forms with enough amounts, this emulsion contains 30% to 95% carbon dioxide with upper volume, this emulsion forms stable foam when being heated to above the carbon dioxide critical-temperature, the viscosity with emulsion is identical basically for the viscosity of the foam that this has just formed.
2, according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described surfactant selects following a kind of compound at least for use: the alcohol of betaine, sulphation alkyl oxide, ethoxylation linearity, alkyl quaternary amine, alkyl diethanol amine and oxidation of alkyl amine.
3, according to the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein said surfactant concentrations is about 1% to 5% of this liquid weight.
4, according to the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein said emulsion contains a kind of support substance.
5, according to the method for claim 4, the amount of wherein said support substance is 1/2-15 pound/add storehouse emulsion, i.e. 0.06 grams per milliliter to 1.8 a grams per milliliter emulsion.
6, according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described ethylene glycol accounts for 25% to 70% of this liquid volume.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85102151 CN1006994B (en) | 1984-01-20 | 1985-04-01 | Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioyide based fluids |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/572,732 US4519455A (en) | 1984-01-20 | 1984-01-20 | Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioxide based fluids |
| CN 85102151 CN1006994B (en) | 1984-01-20 | 1985-04-01 | Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioyide based fluids |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85102151A CN85102151A (en) | 1987-02-18 |
| CN1006994B true CN1006994B (en) | 1990-02-28 |
Family
ID=25741548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85102151 Expired CN1006994B (en) | 1984-01-20 | 1985-04-01 | Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioyide based fluids |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1006994B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103867169A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for applying gas-soluble surfactant to fluidity control of carbon dioxide oil displacement |
| CN105041213A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-11-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Carbon dioxide gas drilling apparatus and method |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102168545B (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2013-11-06 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Coiled tubing supercritical CO2 jet fracturing method |
| CN102704922B (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-03-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Supercritical carbon dioxide carrying sand flow mechanism researching experiment device |
| CN104152133A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2014-11-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Carbon dioxide fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN104027911B (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2016-06-01 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of fire extinguishing method for coal gangue hill |
| CN106800925A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-06 | 胡少斌 | Carbon dioxide-base nanometer cumulative mixed phase foam emulsion liquid and its preparation facilities and method |
| US10100245B1 (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-10-16 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Enhancing acid fracture conductivity |
| CN108424760B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2021-02-23 | 中国石油大学(华东) | CO suitable for compact oil reservoir2Sensitive fracturing-displacement system and preparation method and application method thereof |
| CN111363533B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2022-03-22 | 北京爱普聚合科技有限公司 | Normal-pressure sand mixing quasi-dry fracturing method, fracturing fluid used in method, preparation method and application |
-
1985
- 1985-04-01 CN CN 85102151 patent/CN1006994B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103867169A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for applying gas-soluble surfactant to fluidity control of carbon dioxide oil displacement |
| CN105041213A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-11-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Carbon dioxide gas drilling apparatus and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85102151A (en) | 1987-02-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0150112B1 (en) | Fracturing method for stmulation of wells | |
| US4554082A (en) | Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioxide based fluids | |
| CN100341971C (en) | Water block removal with surfactant based hydrocarbonaceous liquid system | |
| US3467195A (en) | Pumping viscous crude | |
| US5547022A (en) | Heavy oil well stimulation composition and process | |
| CA1210320A (en) | Fracturing fluids containing bouyant inorganic diverting agent and method of use in hydraulic fracturing of subterranean formations | |
| CN103429845B (en) | Use the method that fracturing fluid mixture carrys out fracturing stratum | |
| US4200540A (en) | Method for fracturing subterranean formations | |
| US5799734A (en) | Method of forming and using particulate slurries for well completion | |
| CN101633838A (en) | Fracturing fluid compositions, methods of preparation and methods of use | |
| CN1006994B (en) | Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioyide based fluids | |
| EP0695852A2 (en) | High proppant concentration/high CO2 ratio fracturing system | |
| EP2060613A1 (en) | Method of treating subterranean formations by in-situ hydrolysis of organic acid esters | |
| US20190376375A1 (en) | Process for continuously supplying a fracturing fluid | |
| US10457857B2 (en) | Method of fracking using silicone surfactants | |
| CN101449027A (en) | Systems and methods for producing oil and/or gas | |
| WO2010039433A4 (en) | Process and apparatus for mixing a fluid within a vessel | |
| US2689009A (en) | Acidizing wells | |
| CN103361042A (en) | Xanthan gum non-crosslinking fracturing fluid as well as preparation method and application thereof | |
| EP3556823A1 (en) | Method of slickwater fracturing | |
| CN105778882A (en) | Low-temperature gel breaker and preparation method thereof | |
| US20160084044A1 (en) | Low pressure direct proppant injection | |
| EA008671B1 (en) | Fiber assisted emulsion system | |
| US3766986A (en) | Method of treating a well using a volatile hydrocarbon liquid | |
| CA1274089A (en) | Preparation of crude oil emulsions |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |