CN100583932C - Mobile decision approach for data gathering set in wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Mobile decision approach for data gathering set in wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN100583932C CN100583932C CN200610089528A CN200610089528A CN100583932C CN 100583932 C CN100583932 C CN 100583932C CN 200610089528 A CN200610089528 A CN 200610089528A CN 200610089528 A CN200610089528 A CN 200610089528A CN 100583932 C CN100583932 C CN 100583932C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mobile decision method of data collector in wireless sensor network, comprising that in the detecting step of each continuous data collecting period, the data collector according to the node energy distribution collected in last period moves to a new position, and the movement strategy comprises that moving towards the node with highest left energy, bypassing the nodes with minimum left energy, in report step, each node according to the detected position information of the data collector routes and sends data, while the data contains the energy and position information of the node with highest left energy of the data pack, and the energy and position information of a plurality of nodes with minimum left energy. The invention can balance energy consumption of nodes, and prolong live time of network for 2-4 times then the data collector with fixed application position, when using the mobile device to collect data, in different network distributions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of collecting data in wireless sensor network, particularly a kind ofly periodically collect in the process of data in wireless sensor network, the wireless data collecting device that moves is to move the method for making a strategic decision and being adopted.
Background technology
In data collection type wireless sensor network, the wireless communication ability of sensor node and the energy that is disposed are very limited, all perception datas will compile with the data collection facility of mode in network of multi-hop, and this will cause near the sensor node of data collection facility because the needs forwarding consumes more energy away from the data of the node of data collection facility.If the position of data collection facility is fixed, the sensor node of close data collection facility will become " focus " and exhaust energy.Owing to be difficult to a large amount of sensor nodes that are deployed in the guarded region are replenished electric weight easily, the depleted of energy of small part sensor node may cause the fracture of data collection facility and other working node communication path, make sensing data can't arrive data collection facility, thereby cause the premature failure of whole network function.Adopt movably data collection facility can alleviate " focus " problem, the energy consumption of node in the equalizing network, thus prolong network lifetime.But collect application for periodic data, the mode of the move mode of data collection facility and collection data is not that any way all is fit to, can not move at random such as (1) data collection facility, because irregular moving not only is difficult to promote network performance, also to consider to move the fringe cost that is brought; (2) data collection facility can not only be collected the data of a hop neighbor node in moving process, though this mode is economized energy most concerning node, but require data collection facility in the individual data collection cycle, all will travel through whole network, and the translational speed of data collection facility is limited simultaneously, so can make that the delay of network collection data is very big, and increase with the increase of network size.Therefore need to support data collection facility in network, to collect the method for the data of the whole network while moving.
In the present wireless sensor network field, offer mobile device and carry out distributed mobile decision methods and few, list of references " Base-Station Repositioning For Optimized Performance of Sensor Networks " (M.Younis, M.Bangad, K.Akkaya.In Proc.of the Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC ' 03), Orlando, Florida, October 2003, pp.490-492) heuritic approach direction and the distance that data collection facility moves of making a strategic decision proposed, the core concept of the method is that data collection facility (being called Base-Station in the literary composition) judges that according to the data traffic of each neighbor node the sensor node burden on which direction is heavier, just moves towards this direction then.The method is applicable to minority node report data conditions, when being applied to all nodes of the whole network and all reporting in the periodicity collection type network of data, its greatest problem is that data collection facility is absorbed in " local optimum " point easily, such as when data collection facility moves to network center, probably meeting equates owing to all directions data volume and paces up and down in the original place, problem same when adopting the fixed data collecting device appears, be that the nearer sensor node of range data collecting device is born heavier data forwarding task and consumed too much energy, cause to exhaust energy earlier.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method, when making the wireless data collecting device in wireless sensor network, collect data, can be according to the information of having collected that data comprised, make decisions on one's own next step direction that moves and distance, the energy consumption of sensor node in the balancing network simultaneously, that avoids the minority node exhausts energy as far as possible too early, thus the life span that prolongs network.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the mobile decision-making technique of data collection facility in a kind of wireless sensor network, and each continuous data collection cycle comprises monitoring at least and reports two stages:
Listen phase in each data collection cycle, data collection facility moves to new position according to the distributed intelligence of node energy in the network of collecting in last one-period, the strategy that moves is: towards the highest node motion of dump energy, avoid the minimum node of dump energy simultaneously;
In the report stage, each node carries out route and sends packet according to the positional information of the data collection facility that listens to, include respectively in the described packet this packet the energy and the positional information of the minimum node of the energy of the node that dump energy is the highest in the node of process and positional information and several dump energies.
In the data collection type wireless sensor network, sensor node is equipped with limited wireless communication ability and non-exchange battery power, and data collection facility has stronger wireless communication ability, and its energy abundance maybe can obtain to continue to replenish.Sensor node and data collection facility all utilize known prior art (as GPS positioning equipment etc.) can know the positional information of oneself.
As shown in Figure 1, in wireless sensor network, the mobile decision-making technique of data collection facility is divided into neighbor discovery process and two stages of data-gathering process with data-gathering process.Need at first enter neighbor discovery process during netinit, in this process, all node unequal interval ground broadcasting several notice messages (sign and the positional information that comprise node self) are monitored then, and the node that receives is added neighbor list.In network operation process, adapt to the failure conditions of node if desired, can periodically carry out neighbor discovery process.The notice message number of being broadcasted in the neighbor discovery process is controlled by a transmitting counter.As shown in Figure 2, in neighbor discovery process, node upgrades own neighbor list according to the neighbor advertisement message that listens to, judges then whether transmitting counter full, need only counter less than, just continue neighbor discovery process; When counter is full, finish neighbor discovery process.
After neighbor discovery process finished, all the sensors node had all been known the information of oneself hop neighbor node in the network, can begin data-gathering process.As shown in Figure 1, data-gathering process was made up of the continuous data collection cycle, and each data collection cycle can be divided into three phases: listen phase, report stage and sleep stage.In listen phase, the equal monitored data collecting device of sensor node is to the location notification information of the whole network broadcasting, and the mode of broadcasting can be high-power direct broadcasting, also can be that small-power progressively spreads; In the report stage, sensor node carries out route (selecting next redirect to send out node) again according to the reposition of data collection facility, and reports data towards the reposition of data collection facility; Sleep stage is when the whole network node does not need to send data, and the sleep state that can enter low-power consumption is to save energy.Under the different application scenarios, the length in each stage can be provided with different values, in the application that has even can not need sleep stage.Network is collected in the data procedures, and the workflow of sensor node as shown in Figure 2.
In the report stage, sensor node is periodically reported perception data, and packet is forwarded to data collection facility by multi-hop.Except necessary application data, need carry following information in the packet that sensor node sent:
(1) this packet in the sensor node of process, the residual energy value and the positional information of the node that dump energy is the highest;
(2) this packet in the sensor node of process, the residual energy value and the positional information of the node that dump energy is minimum.
Because comprise maximum residual energy field and least residue energy field in the packet, in repeating process, each node can be revised the content of these two fields according to the dump energy situation of self.Node compares the value and the dump energy of oneself of these two fields, if the dump energy of oneself is bigger than dump energy peak, then revises dump energy peak field and relevant position information; If the dump energy of oneself is littler than dump energy minimum, then also carry out corresponding modify, but the information of not deleting the minimum node of previous dump energy.Like this, when packet arrives the data collection facility node, data collection facility will obtain to have on this paths the information of the node of maximum residual energy and some least residue energy.After data collection facility is received the data of one-period of all the sensors node, can from packet, extract in the notebook data collection cycle the high and minimum node distribution information of dump energy in the network.Data collection facility as this destination of moving, is called MoveDest with the highest dump energy node of network, and unites the energy level of the minimum node of other all dump energies of being reported (being called " accurate focus ") and the reposition that self is determined in the position.Data collection facility will adopt a kind of method based on half-quad when determining new position, avoid all as far as possible and reported node for the tool minimum energy, and move towards MoveDest gradually.
Data collection facility will adopt a kind of method based on half-quad when determining new position, avoid all as far as possible and reported node for the tool minimum energy, and move towards MoveDest gradually.
This method based on half-quad is described below: be that initial point is set up coordinate system with the data collection facility, and this coordinate system is divided into 8 sectors, each sector is a half quadrant.At first determine the sector at MoveDest place, and this sector of mark and about two adjacent sectors be " forward sector ".Data collection facility will be according to the distribution situation decision shift position of accurate focus in these sectors.Each sector will be endowed the energy level that an energy value is represented this sector, if accurate focus is arranged in the sector, then get the maximum energy level value of sector for this reason of the dump energy of these accurate focuses; Otherwise its energy level value is set to a bigger value (as the primary power value of node).The distance that data collection facility moves at every turn has the threshold value that can control, and each move all need be in the distance range of this threshold value, as shown in Figure 3, and the threshold value that the equal representative data collecting device of the circle that dots among figure single moves.Below with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the mobile decision-making technique of data collection facility is discussed respectively according to the distribution situation of accurate focus in the sector:
(1) situation 1---and all do not have accurate focus in all forward sector: data collection facility will be aimed at MoveDest and move this moment, but will be subject to each mobile threshold range, shown in Fig. 3 (a);
(2) situation 2---and do not have accurate focus in the forward sector at MoveDest place, and accurate focus is all arranged in other two forward sector: this moment, data collection facility will move along the center line of sector, MoveDest place, shown in Fig. 3 (b);
(3) situation 3---there is not accurate focus in the forward sector at MoveDest place, and having only one accurate focus is arranged in other two forward sector: data collection facility will move to certain position on the line that MoveDest and P order this moment, described P point is two does not have the forward sector boundary line of accurate focus and the intersection point of mobile threshold boundaries, shown in Fig. 3 (c); Definite method of this reposition is to carry out inverse weight according to the distance that the data collection facility branch is clipped to P point and MoveDest, specifies as follows: make data collection facility be respectively d to the distance of P point and MoveDest
PAnd d
M-D, the coordinate of P point and MoveDest is respectively (X
P, Y
P) and (X
M-D, Y
M-D), then the coordinate of reposition is:
(4) situation 4---and the forward sector at MoveDest place has accurate focus, and has at least one not have accurate focus in other two forward sector: this moment, data collection facility will move along the center line of the forward sector that does not have accurate focus; If other two forward sector all do not have accurate focus, selection strategy is: which sector energy level value is bigger, and which sector data collection facility will move to, shown in Fig. 3 (d);
(5) situation 5---and in three forward sector accurate focus is arranged all, do not comprise accurate focus and have in other sector: data collection facility will move along the center line of one of them; Selection strategy is the sector of selecting the energy level sum maximum of left and right sides adjacent sectors equally, shown in Fig. 3 (e);
(6) situation 6---and all comprise accurate focus in all 8 sectors: data collection facility will move along the center line of the sector of the energy level sum maximum of left and right sides adjacent sectors, shown in Fig. 3 (f).
In data-gathering process, the workflow of data collection facility as shown in Figure 4, in the report stage, data collection facility is at first broadcasted the positional information of self to the whole network, and the perception data of receiving node transmission, after data-gathering process finished, node entered sleep stage.After one-period finishes, data collection facility stop to receive data and according to last one-period node the Energy distribution situation calculate new position, move to new position then, finish snoop procedure, the report process of a beginning new round.
Data collection facility will be judged the position at the node place that dump energy is the highest according to the packet of receiving in each cycle in the process that moves, and to this node motion.(as jumping in the communication range one) will attempt resting on diverse location on the circumference that with MoveDest is the center of circle after data collection facility is very near certain MoveDest, and the scheme of choosing of stop place can be evenly to select some spots on circumference.In each stop place, data collection facility all can carry out the data collection of one-period, and observe on which position, can obtain more data from MoveDest, can allow MoveDest consume more energy, then on this position, stay the new dump energy peak (being new MoveDest) of appearance in network.If detoured MoveDest before one week at data collection facility, new dump energy peak has promptly appearred in the network, and then data collection facility can be abandoned current MoveDest and move to this new peak.
Technique effect of the present invention is: from balanced node energy consumption, prolong the network lifetime angle, adopt the mobile device of using this algorithm to carry out data collection, under different network design situations, can the data collection facility more fixing network lifetime be prolonged 2～4 times than the use location.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 represents the division schematic diagram of wireless network collection data phase;
Fig. 2 represents the workflow diagram of sensor node;
Fig. 3 represents 6 kinds of situation examples that shift strategy is included, uses Fig. 3 (a)～(f) expression respectively;
Fig. 4 represents the workflow diagram of data collection facility;
Fig. 5 represents that data collection facility calculates the method flow diagram of shift position;
Fig. 6 (a) and (b) are represented the mobile decision process of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
About 40 in coverage, 000m
2Sensor network of forming by 100 wireless sensor nodes of deployed in areas, be used for data such as collecting temperature, humidity and illumination.Data collection facility is a mobile device (as PDA or a pocket pc), and is furnished with the radio receiving transmitting module or the expansion card that can communicate with wireless sensor node.Mobile decision scheme proposed by the invention operates on the mobile device with the form of application program.The data acquisition personnel hand data collection facility, and what can move to the zone according to the graphical information on the screen carries out data collection Anywhere.The communication range of single-sensor node very little (＜30m), need through multi-hop transfer of data to data collection facility.Each sensor node all adopts the AA dry cell power supply, and initial electric weight is about 1200mAh.The electric weight abundance of data collection facility can be finished the whole data collection process.
The data collection cycle is set to 15 minutes, and wherein after beginning one minute is the listen phase of all nodes (as Fig. 1) each cycle, and the data acquisition personnel will move to reposition in this minute.Each report stage of collecting the cycle is 10 minutes, finishes corresponding function by a kind of data collection agreement of multi-hop.The all the sensors node will enter sleep state to save energy in the network in last 4 minutes of data collection cycle.
The initial position of data collection facility is any.Through behind several collection period, the residing network environment of data collection facility is shown in Fig. 6 (a).Therefore the highest sensor node dump energy of energy is 809mAh in this moment network, as the MoveDest in this cycle.Near four the main distributions of accurate focus data collection facility have been shown among Fig. 6 (a), as seen the situation that meets Fig. 3 (c), be not have accurate focus in the forward sector at MoveDest place, have one in two other forward sector and do not have accurate focus, so data collection facility will move decision-making according to the 3rd kind of situation.After data collection facility moves to reposition, will carry out the data collection of a new round.Data collection facility this moment node on every side distributes shown in Fig. 6 (b), and each node is owing to transmit the difference of data volume, and the reduction degree of energy level is also different.When new round data collection finishes, MoveDest is still the highest node of dump energy in the network, because have accurate focus in the sector, MoveDest place this moment, and have one not have accurate focus in two outer two forward sector, so data collection facility will move decision-making according to the 4th kind of situation.When data collection facility is within MoveDest one jumping scope, this node still is the highest node of dump energy, then data collection facility will be the center of circle with this node, and with from choosing on the circumference equally distributed 4 positions as the reposition of next cycle as initial position.If data collection facility is after all stopping on these 4 points, this node is the highest node of dump energy not yet, then data collection facility will be got back to wherein certain and allow on the maximum position of this node consumed energy, occur in network till the highest node of other dump energies.So, behind each data collection end cycle, data collection facility just moves to new position according to the distribution situation of new dump energy peak and accurate focus, thereby has realized the maximum equalization that node energy consumes in the wireless sensor network.This decision-making technique is adopted in evidence, and the life cycle of wireless sensor network has prolonged about 3 times than common network.
Claims (10)
1, the mobile decision-making technique of data collection facility in a kind of wireless sensor network is characterized in that, each continuous data collection cycle comprises monitoring at least and reports two stages:
Listen phase in each data collection cycle, data collection facility moves to new position according to the distributed intelligence of node energy in the network of collecting in last one-period, the strategy that moves is: towards the highest node motion of dump energy, avoid the minimum node of dump energy simultaneously;
In the report stage, each node carries out route and sends packet according to the positional information of the data collection facility that listens to, include respectively in the described packet this packet the energy and the positional information of the minimum node of the energy of the node that dump energy is the highest in the node of process and positional information and several dump energies.
2, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the collection method of the nodal information that described dump energy is high and minimum is: in repeating process, each node is with the value of the dump energy peak that comprises in the packet and two fields of minimum and own dump energy comparison, if the dump energy of oneself is bigger than dump energy peak, then revise dump energy peak field and relevant position information; If the dump energy of oneself is littler than dump energy minimum, then also carry out corresponding modify, but the information of not deleting the minimum node of previous dump energy.
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, when data collection facility moves to reposition, will judge the position at the node place that dump energy is the highest according to the packet of receiving in each cycle, and to this node motion; When data collection facility near the highest node of dump energy, to be to attempt resting on diverse location on the circumference in the center of circle at the node the highest with dump energy, some spots is evenly selected in the stop place on circumference, in each stop place, data collection facility all can carry out the data collection of one-period, and observation consumption center of circle node energy on which position is maximum, then stops the new the highest node of dump energy to occur on this position in network; If detoured the highest node of dump energy before one week at data collection facility, the new the highest node of dump energy has promptly appearred in the network, and then data collection facility is to this new the highest node motion of dump energy.
4, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the shift strategy of described data collection facility is specially:
1) as coordinate origin whole network is divided into 8 sectors certainly;
2) be each sector assignment according to the packet of receiving;
3) sector at the node place that dump energy is the highest and about two adjacent sectors be defined as forward sector;
4) judge the situation that the minimum node of dump energy distributes in forward sector, and in conjunction with the reposition of the positional information calculation data collection facility of the highest node of dump energy.
5, method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, in the described step 4), does not all have the minimum node of dump energy in all forward sector, and then data collection facility will be aimed at the highest node motion of dump energy.
6, method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the described step 4), when the minimum node of dump energy not in the sector at the highest node place of dump energy, and in other two forward sector, have, then data collection facility will move along the center line of the highest sector, node place of dump energy.
7, method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the described step 4), in the forward sector at the highest node place of dump energy, there is not the minimum node of dump energy, and have only one the minimum node of dump energy is arranged in other two forward sector, then data collection facility will move to certain position on the line that the highest node of dump energy and P order, and described P point is two does not have the forward sector boundary line of the minimum node of dump energy and the intersection point that the data collection facility single moves threshold boundaries.
8, method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the described step 4), forward sector when the highest node place of dump energy has the minimum node of dump energy, and have at least one not have the minimum node of dump energy in other two forward sector, then data collection facility will move along the center line of the forward sector that does not have the minimum node of dump energy; If other two forward sector all do not have the minimum node of dump energy, selection strategy is: which sector energy level value is bigger, and which sector data collection facility will move to.
9, method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that in the described step 4), the minimum node of dump energy being arranged all in three forward sector, and the sector that does not comprise the minimum node of dump energy is arranged in other sector, then data collection facility will move along the center line of one of them sector; Selection strategy is the sector of selecting the energy level sum maximum of left and right sides adjacent sectors equally.
10, method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the described step 4), all comprise the minimum node of dump energy in all 8 sectors, then data collection facility will move along the center line of the sector of the energy level sum maximum of left and right sides adjacent sectors.
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| CN101286912B (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2012-05-16 | 中国科学院嘉兴无线传感网工程中心 | Mobile terminal assisted wireless sensor network information acquisition method |
| CN101272344B (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2011-07-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Routing method based on fuzz locating information for mobile sensor network |
| CN101521955B (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2011-01-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for collecting data under opportunity network |
| CN104066142B (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2017-11-21 | 中国移动通信集团湖南有限公司 | The method and device of data transfer path in a kind of determination wireless sensor network |
| CN110519745B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-04-20 | 西安电子科技大学 | Neighbor discovery method based on maximum common divisor of cycle length |
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