CN100581244C - Underwater video detection device based on the omnidirectional vision - Google Patents

Abstract

The apparatus comprises; a vision sensor and a MPU. The vision sensor is mounted on a lighting mechanism; the output of the vision sensor is connected to the cable used for transmitting video data under water; the cable is connected to the MPU; said MPU is connected to the display device. The MPU comprises a video data reading module, a video data saving module, and a video data output module; the vision sensor is an omnirange vision sensor, and comprises: a reflector, a transparent housing and a camera unit; said reflect is a hyperbolic mirror; on the center point of the hyperbolic mirror, a compass used for indicating the camera shooting direction under water; the hyperbolic mirror, the axle of the compass, the camera, and the transparent housing all are in same central axis. The MPU also comprises: an azimuth angle direction determining module and a image spread processing module.

Description

Underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual

(1) technical field

The invention belongs to the application of optical technology, computer image processing technology shooting aspect under water, belong to the apparatus that underwater environment obtains picture rich in detail immediately, be widely used in the detection of ocean and terrestrial water resource, aquaculture, underwater exploration, the construction of water conservancy projects and monitoring, the reparation of well, oil well, aspects such as raising of a wreck and oily deep ocean work.

(2) background technology

Ocean development, underwater operation, dam submarine inspection, scientific experimentation and Military Application etc. under water, usually need to carry out undersea detection, along with the modern sensor technology, the particularly development of Solid device, people can utilize Underwater Camera to obtain the video image of high definition.Video has directly perceived, real-time telepresenc under water, and video camera has advantages such as volume is little, resolution is high, easy operating control, and aspects such as observation, record video image data have obtained application more and more widely under water in recent years.Some countries are carrying out the research and development of this respect in the world, develop many dissimilar video cameras under water.

Underwater camera has its particularity, mainly is the factor affecting such as absorption that light can be subjected to water, has generally all exceeded a visual range of video camera under water, and will find the immersed body shooting in addition accurately also is a very difficult thing.Want at present the overall process of the object (biology) that obtains attitude and motion under water, must take multiple cameras rationally to structure the formation, can realize immersed body (biology) motion process is carried out continuous Video Detection in order to take.

Chinese invention patent 200410030863.X has proposed a kind of " detection system of high-res color digital shooting under water ", this invention belongs to the equipment of real-time Transmission digital picture, this system comprises a video acquisition processing subsystem under water, video shows and recording subsystem on the ship, a coaxial cable wideband transmit of copper core and the subsystem of powering, native system is actually a kind of platform technology of visualized operation under water, can be loaded into various visual probe units under water, thereby improve the underwater installation addressing, with to the video monitoring of equipment work and the usefulness of remote control, but the visual range of the underwater television camera that adopted is very limited.China utility model patent ZL94232065.4 has proposed a kind of " video camera of shaking the head under water "; its structure is by spherical shell; cylindrical drum and support three parts are formed; camera lens is housed in the spherical shell; motor; in the cylindrical drum is central shaft; motor is housed below; be the video camera fuselage above; adopt the central shaft fixed form; rotate by disk in the driven by motor cylinder; disk is connected with camera lens, and camera lens is contained in can be faced upward on the support of bowing, and camera lens is equipped with protective cover outward; angular field of view is 300 ° of levels; facing upward bows is ± 85 °, though can obtain more wide angular field of view by shaking the head of video camera, has caused mechanism's complexity; easy defective such as wearing and tearing, the while also can't be taken the overall process of test object attitude and motion under water.Chinese invention patent 03812924.8 has proposed a kind of " multi-functional cable and Fishing Equipment that video system is arranged and the underwater picture video system of using this cable ", the multi-functional cable of this invention includes single internally coated electric heart yearn, the picture signal heart yearn, the control signal heart yearn more than one or one of information such as transmission sound, ultrasonic wave, temperature or control command signal and in the mold pressing of the outside of these lines or fill mold pressing resin or fiber is again in the outer surface wear-resisting layer covering of cable.On the other hand, there is each device of Fishing Equipment, underwater picture video system and the underwater camera part of video system all to use described multi-functional cable to be connected to each other according to of the present invention with the external device (ED) part outside the water.This invention equally also exists the limited problem of underwater picture video visual range.

A common ground of above-mentioned technology all is that image/video obtains and adopted pinhole camera, is used to take the image scene at visual angle, the place ahead or is rotated by mechanical device obtain panoramic picture.

(3) summary of the invention

Limited for the visual range that overcomes existing underwater video detection device, be not easy to realize that continuous videos detects, the deficiency of poor practicability, the invention provides a kind of looking away, can realize the video continuous detecting real-time, practical underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

A kind of underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual, comprise the vision sensor that is used to obtain waters to be detected video, the microprocessor that is used to carry out image processing, described vision sensor is installed on the elevating mechanism, the output of described vision sensor connects and is used to transmit the cable of video data under water, described cable connects microprocessor, described microprocessor connects display device, described microprocessor comprises: the view data read module is used to read the video image information of coming from the vision sensor biography; The image data file memory module is used for video image information is kept at memory cell by file mode; Image output module is used for the image information after handling is outputed to display device; Described vision sensor is an omnibearing vision sensor, comprise the catadioptric mirror, transparent housing, the image unit that are used for vertically downward, described catadioptric mirror is a hyperbolic mirror, described catadioptric lens are positioned at the top of transparent housing, described image unit comprises collector lens and shooting part, and described shooting part is positioned at the focal position of described hyperbolic mirror; The compass that is used in reference to shooting orientation under the open fire is being installed on the central point of described hyperbolic mirror; The axle center of the compass on described hyperbolic mirror, the hyperbolic mirror, camera, transparent housing are on same central axis; Described microprocessor also comprises: the azimuth determination module, be used for the orientation on definite circular panoramic picture, by the image and the comparison that is stored in the image of the compass in the microprocessor of compass on the panoramic picture core, Xuan Zhuan angle is determined the orientation of panoramic picture between the two; Image launches processing module, the circular video image that is used for reading into according to the azimuth expand into Due South to, direct north, due east direction and positive west to the perspective video image, the straight line Om-G that to draw a distance from the real focus O m of hyperbolic mirror to perspective projection origin of coordinates G be D, with the perpendicular plane of this Om-G as the perspective projection plane, coordinate points P (i by the perspective projection plane, j) ask A (X in the three-dimensional of space, Y, Z), obtain the transformational relation of projection plane and space three-dimensional, conversion relational expression is represented with formula (9):

X＝R*cosβ-i*sinβ

Y＝R*sinβ+i*cosβ

Z＝D*sinγ-j*cosγ (9)

R＝D*cosγ+j*sinγ

In the following formula: X, Y, Z representation space coordinate, D is the distance of perspective projection plane to the focus O m of hyperbolic mirror, the β angle is the angle of incident ray projection on the XY plane, the γ angle is the angle of the horizontal plane of incident ray and hyperboloid focus, the i axle is and the parallel plane transverse axis of XY, and the j axle is the longitudinal axis with i axle and Om-G axle right angle intersection; With the above-mentioned P that tries to achieve with formula (9) (X, Y, Z) some substitution formula (6) and (7) try to achieve with the coordinate points P on perspective projection plane (i, j) corresponding on imaging plane P (x, y) point:

$x=\frac{\mathrm{Xf}(b^2-c^2)}{(b^2+c^2)Z-2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="bc\; X"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">bc</figure-callout>}\sqrt{X^{}}\sqrt{{}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Y"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}^2+Z^2}}---\left(6\right)$

$y=\frac{\mathrm{Yf}(b^2-c^2)}{(b^2+c^2)Z-2\mathrm{bc}\sqrt{X^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Y"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}^2+Z^2}}---\left(7\right)$

In the following formula, c represents the focus of hyperbolic mirror, and 2c represents two distances between the focus, and a, b are respectively the real axis of hyperbolic mirror and the length of the imaginary axis, and f represents the distance of imaging plane to the virtual focus of hyperbolic mirror;

Described view data read module, azimuth determination module connect described image and launch processing module, and described image launches processing module and connects image output module.

Further, catadioptric minute surface and loam cake are connected to form the upper unit of omnibearing vision sensor; Trap and insert in the transparent housing, on the outer ring of trapping, be inserted in sealing ring and use the exterior nut cap sealing and fixing to form the lower unit of omnibearing vision sensor; Cover out a semi-circular sulculus of putting into sealing ring last, sealing ring is placed in the semi-circular sulculus of loam cake, the lower unit of omnibearing vision sensor is nested into and covers and fix with screw.

Further again, cover on described a taper suppression thing that is used to prevent the shake of underwater camera unit is installed, described taper suppression thing and described hyperbolic mirror are on same central axis.

Described image unit is positioned at the real focus or the virtual focus position of hyperbolic mirror.

One end of described cable carries out wiring with camera and is connected, and it is sealed by fixed bin, have an internal thread that matches with trapping of omnibearing vision sensor on the fixed bin, be inserted in sealing ring on the external screw thread of trapping of omnibearing vision sensor and fixed bin be screwed into down put then, the other end of cable strides across an angle pulley omnibearing vision sensor and capstan winch is coupled together.

Settle a counting device on the described capstan winch,, add a Water Depth Information during full-view video image under water that obtains in order to allow the user know at present the length of cloth payout.

Described capstan winch connects electric device or hand gear.

On described omnibearing vision sensor, lighting source is installed.

Described cable comprises picture signal heart yearn and electric heart yearn, and electric heart yearn and picture signal heart yearn are single undercoating.

Technical conceive of the present invention is: the video information in the waters of wishing to obtain as underwater video detection device is abundant more good more, preferably can obtain to detect panoramic video information real-time in the waters, make captured video image have directly perceived, real-time telepresenc.The panoramic picture of scene provides a kind of new solution to the omnibearing vision sensor ODVS that developed recently gets up (OmniDirectional Vision Sensors) in order to obtain under water in real time.The characteristics of ODVS are looking away (360 degree), can become piece image to the Information Compression in the hemisphere visual field, and the amount of information of piece image is bigger; When obtaining a scene image, the riding position of ODVS in scene is free more; ODVS is without run-home during monitoring environment; Algorithm is simpler during moving object in the detection and tracking monitoring range; Can obtain the realtime graphic of scene.This ODVS video camera mainly is made up of a ccd video camera and a reflective mirror that faces image unit.Reflective mirror reflects the image in one week of horizontal direction to the ccd video camera imaging, like this, just can obtain the water environment information of 360 ° of horizontal directions in piece image.This omnidirectional vision camera has very outstanding advantage, under the real-time processing requirements to panorama, is a kind of quick, reliable underweater vision information gathering approach especially.

This ODVS video camera can be at the comprehensive all situations that photographs in the hemisphere visual field.Can become piece image to the Information Compression in the hemisphere visual field, the amount of information of piece image is bigger; Obtain one under water during scene image, the ODVS suspension in the scene under water is free more, for ODVS being suspended on private cable one end under water among the present invention; The Field Force has an azimuth information at the panoramic picture middle part of passing back as long as control lays the panorama realtime graphic that elevating mechanism just can be passed different depth of waters place by ODVS back among the present invention on one side, can obtain the video image of different azimuth according to this information.Because omni-directional visual is a kind of typical machine vision, is that the people can not possess.The principle of the principle of camera acquisition image and eye-observation object is different, and the image difference that makes omnidirectional images and human eye see is also very big, even according to cylinder unwrapping, its deformation still exists.Therefore how by comprehensive optical image technology, computer image processing, and above-mentioned technological incorporation is in the manufacturing technology of underwater video detection device, for video detection field under water provide a kind of monitor fast, reliably the field on a large scale in visual information gather approach, and the real-time omnidirectional images that obtains according to the ODVS video camera passes to display unit or control unit on the water surface by telecommunication cable, makes on the bank or the Field Force on the ship can obtain to detect the information of panoramic video under water real-time in the waters.

It at first is the manufacturing technology scheme of the opticator of ODVS camera head, omnibearing vision sensor comprises straight catadioptric mirror, transparent cylinder, image unit, fixed support under vertical, described catadioptric mirror is a hyperbolic mirror, described image unit comprises collector lens and image unit, and described image unit is positioned at the virtual focus position of described hyperbolic mirror; The optical system that described hyperbolic mirror constitutes is represented by following 5 equatioies;

((X ²+Y ²)/a ²)-(Z ²/b ²)＝-1(Z＞0) (1)

$c=\sqrt{a^2+b^2}---\left(2\right)$

β＝tan ^-1(Y/X) (3)

α＝tan ^-1[(b ²+c ²)sinγ-2bc]/(b ²+c ²)cosγ (4)

$\mathrm{\&gamma;}={\tan }^{-1}[f/\sqrt{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}^2+Y^2)}]---\left(5\right)$

In the following formula, X, Y, Z representation space coordinate, c represents the focus of hyperbolic mirror, 2c represents two distances between the focus, a, b are respectively the real axis of hyperbolic mirror and the length of the imaginary axis, and β represents the angle-azimuth of incident ray on the XY plane, α represents the angle-angle of depression of incident ray on the XZ plane, and f represents the distance of imaging plane to the need focus of hyperbolic mirror.

In order to make transparent housing can not produce the reflection interference light of inwall, as shown in Figure 1.Specific practice be transparent housing is designed to bowl-shape, be that semi-round ball and circular cone constitute, the centre of sphere of semi-round ball overlaps with the focus of hyperbolic mirror, can avoid like this at transparent housing generation reflection interference light, radius and tapered segment in the semi-round ball part carry out transition, the angle of inclination of tapered segment is 2～3 °, mainly is the draw taper of considering when die production; The structure of ODVS as shown in Figure 1.

360 comprehensive principles of making a video recording are described, a point A (X on the space, Y, Z) through the catadioptric direct reflection to the lens to a subpoint P (x should be arranged, y), the light of scioptics becomes directional light and projects CCD (CMOS) image unit, microprocessor reads in this ring-type image by video interface, the protrusion top of catadioptric minute surface is furnished with a compass, when reading in the ring-type image, also read to have distinguished the image of compass, software according to the sensing feature of compass to tell which point on the ring-type image be Due South to, software carries out perspective view according to the position of this point to this ring-type image and launches to obtain the Zheng Bei visual angle then, the visual angle, due east, the video image of the perspective that visual angle, due south and Zheng Xi visual angle are cut apart, as shown in Figure 5.

For perspective view there being one understand preferably, as shown in Figure 6, here our straight line Om-G that to draw a distance from bi-curved real focus Om to perspective projection origin of coordinates G be D, with the perpendicular plane of this Om-G as the perspective projection plane, from an A (X, Y, Z) light towards focus Om has an intersection point P (X on the perspective projection plane, Y, Z), if with this intersection point P (X, Y, Z) be updated to formula (6), (x, y) point therefore can be by trying to achieve each point on the perspective projection plane from above-mentioned relation for the P on imaging plane that just can easily ask (7).

$x=\frac{\mathrm{Xf}(b^2-c^2)}{(b^2+c^2)Z-2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="bc\; X"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">bc</figure-callout>}\sqrt{X^{}}\sqrt{{}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Y"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}^2+Z^2}}---\left(6\right)$

$y=\frac{\mathrm{Yf}(b^2-c^2)}{(b^2+c^2)Z-2\mathrm{bc}\sqrt{X^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Y"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}^2+Z^2}}---\left(7\right)$

As shown in the figure, the optical axis of hyperbolic mirror is the Z axle, image unit is towards the positive direction setting of Z axle, imaging plane is the input picture of image unit, we are with the intersection point g of the optical axis of hyperbolic mirror and the imaging plane initial point as imaging plane, its coordinate is x, y, and x axle, y axle are consistent with the length limit of sensitive chip in the image unit respectively, so the xy plane parallel of the X-axis of Om-XYZ coordinate system and imaging plane coordinate system.

The perspective projection plane is and the perpendicular plane of Om-G connecting line, with the binary plane coordinate system i of G point as initial point, j, wherein the i axle is and the parallel plane transverse axis of XY, the j axle is the longitudinal axis with i axle and Om-G axle right angle intersection, distance that will be from the perspective projection plane to bi-curved focus Om is as D, and the banner on definition perspective projection plane is W, and depth is H.Because the i axle is and the XY plane parallel, vertical with the Z axle again, therefore resulting perspective projection plane is to be that the coordinate center is gone up with XY plane (horizontal plane) and rotated an angle with the G point, and this angle is exactly the angle of Om-G connecting line and Z axle.

Here we with Om-G as the transform center axle, point G is as the transform center point, represent the transform center axle with β (angle-azimuth of incident ray on the XY plane), γ (angle of the horizontal plane of incident ray and hyperboloid focus) and distance D (the perspective projection plane is to the distance of bi-curved focus Om), the β angle is in 0 °～360 ° scopes, can calculate by formula (3), equally also can represent with formula (8):

β＝tan ^-1(Y/X)＝tan ^-1(y/x) (8)

Here the β angle is the angle of incident ray projection on the XY plane, with the Z axle be initial point (initial point of polar coordinate system) counterclockwise, in 0 °～360 ° scopes (this is the horizontal field of view scope of omni-directional visual); The γ angle is the angle of the horizontal plane of incident ray and hyperboloid focus, shown in formula (5), this angle is relevant with the hyperboloid focal position with space coordinates, if on the hyperboloid focus, make a horizontal plane, be exactly the angle of giving horizontal plane and Om-G axle so, here with space coordinates Z point more than the hyperboloid focus as [+], be called the elevation angle, the conduct [-] of Z point below the hyperboloid focus is called the angle of depression; The γ angular range just has different γ angular range (this is the vertical field of view scope of omni-directional visual) according to different minute surface designs between-90 °～+ 90 °;

Distance D determines that according to the air line distance of perspective projection plane and hyperboloid focus in general, the long more scenery of distance D is more little, and distance D flash thing more is big more; Banner W, the depth H on perspective projection plane can be determined by needs, when determining banner W, depth H size, at first to determine the horizontal vertical ratio of display window, owing to be the size of representing banner W, depth H with pixel, therefore to determine the pixel value of banner W, depth H in computer.

Coordinate points P by the perspective projection plane (i, j) ask A in the three-dimensional of space (X, Y Z), so just can obtain the transformational relation of projection plane and space three-dimensional, and conversion relational expression is represented with formula (9):

X＝R*cosβ-i*sinβ

Y＝R*sinβ+i*cosβ

Z＝D*sinγ-j*cosγ (9)

(R＝D*cosγ+j*sinγ)

In the formula: D is the distance of perspective projection plane to bi-curved focus Om, the β angle is the angle of incident ray projection on the XY plane, the γ angle is the angle of the horizontal plane of incident ray and hyperboloid focus, the i axle is and the parallel plane transverse axis of XY, the j axle is and the longitudinal axis of i axle and Om-G axle right angle intersection that the direction of i axle and j axle is by shown in the accompanying drawing 6;

(Z) some substitution formula (6) and (7) just can be tried to achieve coordinate points P (i, j) corresponding P (x, y) point on imaging plane with the perspective projection plane for X, Y with the above-mentioned P that tries to achieve with formula (9).So just can try to achieve comprehensive perspective view, that is to say the corresponding relation of the coordinate system on the coordinate system set up on the imaging plane and perspective projection plane by the image information that on imaging plane, obtains.Such corresponding relation has been arranged, the image information of certain point that we just can obtain from imaging plane; By the corresponding relation of two coordinate systems, the image information of this point correctly is presented on the corresponding position, perspective projection plane.

For the perspective video image that the Zheng Bei visual angle, visual angle, due east, visual angle, due south and the Zheng Xi visual angle that obtain in the some depth of water waters are cut apart, the user can detect distance by software adjustment as required.Described software adjustment detects distance and changes the distance of perspective projection plane to bi-curved focus Om, and just the user selects the parameter of the D in the formula (9) on software interface.

The axle center of the compass on described hyperbolic mirror, the hyperbolic mirror, image unit, transparent housing, tapered suppression thing are on same central axis; The camera lens of image unit is placed on the position of the real focus of hyperbolic mirror or virtual focus.

In conjunction with Fig. 1 and with reference to the syndeton scheme of Fig. 2,3 explanation ODVS, at first the axle of compass 8 is fixed on the bosom point of catadioptric minute surface 9 during assembling, then catadioptric minute surface and loam cake 10 are connected to form the upper unit of ODVS; Then will trap in the 14 insertion transparent housings 13, and on 14 outer rings of trapping, be inserted in sealing ring 15 then and carry out the lower unit that sealing and fixing forms ODVS with exterior nut cap 16; Then carry out the upper unit of ODVS and being connected of lower unit, on loam cake 10, have a semi-circular sulculus of putting into sealing ring, sealing ring 11 is placed in the semi-circular sulculus of loam cake 10, be nested into the lower unit of ODVS on the loam cake 10 then and fix with screw 12, the ODVS of such energy waterproof sealing just assembling finishes, formed the global facility of ODVS, parts 2 as shown in Figure 2;

The method of attachment of ODVS and underwater camera device is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, one end of the cable made from said method 4 carries out wiring with image unit 1 and is connected, and it is sealed by fixed bin, have on the fixed bin one with 14 internal threads that match of trapping, then fixed bin is screwed into and traps on 14 being inserted in sealing ring on 14 external screw threads of trapping during assembling, whole like this underwater camera device part has just been finished the sealing fittage; ODVS has overturn 180 ° when actual underwater photograph technical uses, and promptly the catadioptric minute surface up; The other end of cable 4 strides across an angle pulley underwater camera device part is coupled together with capstan winch 20, this end of cable 4 connects image processing equipment and display device with wiring, control the depth of water of underwater camera device by the rotation of capstan winch 20, capstan winch 20 is installed on the boats and ships 7.

At this moment the video image of passing back by image unit 1 is the panoramic picture of a circle, after microprocessor reads this video image, software at first goes for the direction of compass indication, find just in time to mate through comparison at 140 ° angle place, so just show the panoramic picture of sending back at present to rotate 140 ° angle be only Due South to; Software just goes to select the scope of the β angle in the formula (9) according to this information, to show Due South to fluoroscopy images, scope with the β angle in software is chosen in 80 °～200 °, here people's visual angle characteristics have been considered, the width range of the fluoroscopy images on some directions is customized to 120 °, direct north, due east direction and positive west to fluoroscopy images roughly the same, as shown in Figure 5.

For in the comparison, large-scale Underwater Camera can adopt elevating mechanism to be used for laying and to reclaim Under water lamp and Underwater Camera, motor by the control elevating mechanism is adjusted the light fixture and the degree of depth of video camera in water, so that obtain the best underwater camera angle of visual field.Elevating mechanism mainly is made up of underwater portion and winch two parts waterborne.Underwater portion comprises the fixed mount of fixing Underwater Camera and illuminating lamp etc.Above water comprises motor, capstan winch, angle pulley etc.Capstan winch is connected in the rotating shaft of motor, and wirerope (cable) strides across an angle pulley crane and capstan winch are coupled together, and like this by rotating capstan winch, just can realize the liter of elevating mechanism and falls, and makes Camera Positioning in the exact position.

Can adopt manual elevating mechanism to be used for laying and reclaiming Underwater Camera for small-sized Underwater Camera, Underwater Camera strides across an angle pulley by cable crane and capstan winch is coupled together, like this by the hand rotation capstan winch, the liter that just can realize elevating mechanism with fall, make Camera Positioning in the exact position.

Picture signal heart yearn and electric heart yearn have been comprised in the described cable; Electricity heart yearn and picture signal heart yearn are single undercoating; The outside mold pressing of these lines or fill soft and durable mold pressing resin or fiber, the outer surface of cable is carried out and is covered wear-resistant material layer.Tinned wird is used as electric heart yearn; Polyethylene or polypropylene internally coated material as electric heart yearn; The interior lines of silver-coated copper wire as picture signal heart yearn and control signal heart yearn; The outside line of tinned wird as picture signal heart yearn and control signal heart yearn; The grand internally coated material of special atmosphere as picture signal heart yearn and control signal heart yearn; Kafra fiber or carbon resin are used as mold pressing resin; Polyethylene or polypropylene material as wear-resisting external coating.

Video Detection under water for wide waters needs underwater luminaire as lighting source, guaranteeing providing enough illumination intensities in the image pickup scope under water, thereby has guaranteed the quality of underwater video image, can select for use tungsten halogen lamp as light source.Under water lamp can be made up of stainless steel water tight defense protective case body, quartz glass watertight optical window, earth leakage protective device etc.This Under water lamp has characteristics such as life-span length, reliable operation, stable performance, can long time continuous working.

It is stable preferably for Underwater Camera is had to guarantee to obtain high-quality video image, disposed tapered suppression thing below the video camera under water among the present invention, the effect of tapered suppression thing is to guarantee that Underwater Camera vertically downward and keep stable in water.

Described tapered suppression thing (shown in 3 among Fig. 2) is to be connected with the screw thread that covers on the ODVS, tapered suppression thing 2 is designed to cone, the weight of cone can be selected according to the situations such as current that detect the waters, purpose is to guarantee that ODVS does not rock when capturing panoramic view image, improves the quality of video image.

Beneficial effect of the present invention mainly shows: 1, can obtain the water environment information of 360 ° of horizontal directions, looking away; 2, can realize the video continuous detecting real-time; 3, practical; 4, obtain real-time indeformable perspective and panoramic picture, can obtain and specify the degree of depth under water, indicate the orientation.

(4) description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure chart of omnibearing vision sensor.

Fig. 2 is a kind of underwater video detection device schematic diagram based on omni-directional visual.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of settling compass on the catadioptric minute surface.

Fig. 4 is the imaging schematic diagram of omnibearing vision sensor.

Fig. 5 is for being divided into panorama expanding in the perspective video image schematic diagram at Zheng Bei visual angle, visual angle, due east, visual angle, due south and Zheng Xi visual angle.

Fig. 6 is the associated diagram of perspective view plane and imaging plane.

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that has the underwater video detection device of lighting source.

(5) embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.

Embodiment 1

With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 6, a kind of underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual, comprise the vision sensor 2 that is used to obtain waters to be detected video, the microprocessor 6 that is used to carry out image processing, described vision sensor is installed on the elevating mechanism, the output of described vision sensor 2 connects and is used to transmit the cable 4 of video data under water, described cable 4 connects microprocessor 6, described microprocessor 6 connects display device, described microprocessor 6 comprises: the view data read module is used to read the video image information of coming from the vision sensor biography; The image data file memory module is used for video image information is kept at memory cell by file mode; Image output module is used for the image information after handling is outputed to display device; Described vision sensor 2 is an omnibearing vision sensor, comprise the catadioptric mirror 9, transparent housing 13, the image unit 1 that are used for vertically downward, described catadioptric mirror 9 is a hyperbolic mirror, described refringent/reflection lens 9 is positioned at the top of transparent housing 13, described image unit 1 comprises collector lens and image unit, and described image unit is positioned at the focal position of described hyperbolic mirror; The compass 8 that is used in reference to shooting orientation under the open fire is being installed on the central point of described hyperbolic mirror; The axle center of the compass on described hyperbolic mirror, the hyperbolic mirror, image unit, transparent housing are on same central axis; Described little processing 6 devices also comprise: the azimuth determination module, be used for the orientation on definite circular panoramic picture, by the image and the comparison that is stored in the image of the compass in the microprocessor of compass on the panoramic picture core, Xuan Zhuan angle is determined the orientation of panoramic picture between the two; Image launches processing module, the circular video image that is used for reading into and according to the azimuth expand into Due South to, direct north, due east direction and positive west to the perspective video image, coordinate points P (i by the perspective projection plane, j) ask A (X in the three-dimensional of space, Y, Z), obtain the transformational relation of projection plane and space three-dimensional, conversion relational expression is represented with formula (9):

X＝R*cosβ-i*sinβ

Y＝R*sinβ+i*cosβ

Z＝D*sinγ-j*cosγ (9)

R＝D*cosγ+j*sinγ

In the following formula: X, Y, Z representation space coordinate, D is the distance of perspective projection plane to bi-curved focus Om, the β angle is the angle of incident ray projection on the XY plane, the γ angle is the angle of the horizontal plane of incident ray and hyperboloid focus, the i axle is and the parallel plane transverse axis of XY, and the j axle is the longitudinal axis with i axle and Om-G axle right angle intersection;

With the above-mentioned P that tries to achieve with formula (9) (X, Y, Z) some substitution formula (6) and (7) try to achieve with the coordinate points P on perspective projection plane (i, j) corresponding on imaging plane P (x, y) point:

$x=\frac{\mathrm{Xf}(b^2-c^2)}{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}^2+c^2)Z-2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="bc\; X"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">bc</figure-callout>}\sqrt{X^{}}\sqrt{{}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Y"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}^2+Z^2}}---\left(6\right)$

$y=\frac{\mathrm{Yf}(b^2-c^2)}{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}^2+c^2)Z-2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="bc\; X"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">bc</figure-callout>}\sqrt{X^{}}\sqrt{{}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Y"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}^2+Z^2}}---\left(7\right)$

In the following formula, c represents the focus of hyperbolic mirror, and 2c represents two distances between the focus, and a, b are respectively the real axis of hyperbolic mirror and the length of the imaginary axis;

Described view data read module, azimuth determination module connect described image and launch processing module, and described image launches processing module and connects image output module.

The underwater video detection device of present embodiment is mainly realized three functions, the firstth, obtain the omnidirectional images among certain basin in real time; The secondth, the omnidirectional images that the underwater camera part is captured transmits record storage area on the water surface in the mode of cable; The 3rd is to obtain omnidirectional images from the record storage area to carry out various image processing, and final the information of panorama under water of information such as the degree of depth, orientation offers the user to indicate under water.

The described omnidirectional images that obtains in real time in the waters is realized by omnibearing vision sensor, therefore at first be the manufacturing technology scheme of the opticator of omnibearing vision sensor (ODVS camera head), omnibearing vision sensor comprises catadioptric mirror, transparent cylinder, image unit, fixed support vertically downward, described catadioptric mirror is a hyperbolic mirror, described image unit comprises collector lens and image unit, and described image unit is positioned at the virtual focus position of described hyperbolic mirror; The optical system that described hyperbolic mirror constitutes is represented by following 5 equatioies;

((X ²+Y ²)/a ²)-(Z ²/b ²)＝-1(Z＞0) (1)

$c=\sqrt{a^2+b^2}---\left(2\right)$

β＝tan ^-1(Y/X) (3)

α＝tan ^-1[(b ²+c ²)sinγ-2bc]/(b ²+c ²)cosγ (4)

$\mathrm{\&gamma;}={\tan }^{-1}[f/\sqrt{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}^2+Y^2)}]---\left(5\right)$

In the following formula, X, Y, Z representation space coordinate, c represents the focus of hyperbolic mirror, 2c represents two distances between the focus, a, b are respectively the real axis of hyperbolic mirror and the length of the imaginary axis, and β represents the angle-azimuth of incident ray on the XY plane, α represents the angle-angle of depression of incident ray on the XZ plane, and f represents the distance of imaging plane to the need focus of hyperbolic mirror.

In order to make transparent housing 13 can not produce the reflection interference light of inwall, way of the present invention be transparent housing is designed to bowl-shape, be that semi-round ball and circular cone constitute, the centre of sphere of semi-round ball overlaps with the focus of hyperbolic mirror, can avoid like this reflection interference light taking place at transparent housing 13, radius and tapered segment in the semi-round ball part carry out transition, and the angle of inclination of tapered segment is 2～3 °, mainly are the draw tapers of considering when die production; The structure of ODVS as shown in Figure 1;

360 ° of comprehensive principles of making a video recording are described, a point A (X on the space, Y, Z) reflex on the lens a subpoint P (x should be arranged through catadioptric minute surface 9, y), the light of scioptics becomes directional light and projects CCD (CMOS) image unit, microprocessor reads in this ring-type image by video interface, adopting software that this ring-type image is carried out that perspective view launches to obtain according to field personnel's direct of travel is the video image of the perspective cut apart of visual angle, the place ahead, visual angle, rear, left visual angle and the right-hand visual angle of benchmark, as shown in Figure 7.

For perspective view there being one understand preferably, as shown in Figure 8, here our straight line Om-G that to draw a distance from bi-curved real focus Om to perspective projection origin of coordinates G be D, with the perpendicular plane of this Om-G as the perspective projection plane, from an A (X, Y, Z) light towards focus Om has an intersection point P (X on the perspective projection plane, Y, Z), if with this intersection point P (X, Y, Z) be updated to formula (6), (x, y) point therefore can be by trying to achieve each point on the perspective projection plane from above-mentioned relation for the P on imaging plane that just can easily ask (7).

$x=\frac{\mathrm{Xf}(b^2-c^2)}{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}^2+c^2)Z-2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="bc\; X"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">bc</figure-callout>}\sqrt{X^{}}\sqrt{{}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Y"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}^2+Z^2}}---\left(6\right)$

$y=\frac{\mathrm{Yf}(b^2-c^2)}{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}^2+c^2)Z-2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="bc\; X"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">bc</figure-callout>}\sqrt{X^{}}\sqrt{{}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Y"\; filenames="C2007100703820025H1.png,C2007100703820029H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}^2+Z^2}}---\left(7\right)$

As shown in the figure, the optical axis of hyperbolic mirror is the Z axle, image unit is towards the positive direction setting of Z axle, imaging plane is the input picture of image unit, we are with the intersection point g of the optical axis of hyperbolic mirror and the imaging plane initial point as imaging plane, its coordinate is x, y, and x axle, y axle are consistent with the length limit of sensitive chip in the image unit respectively, so the xy plane parallel of the X-axis of Om-XYZ coordinate system and imaging plane coordinate system.

The perspective projection plane is and the perpendicular plane of Om-G connecting line, with the binary plane coordinate system i of G point as initial point, j, wherein the i axle is and the parallel plane transverse axis of XY, the j axle is the longitudinal axis with i axle and Om-G axle right angle intersection, distance that will be from the perspective projection plane to bi-curved focus Om is as D, and the banner on definition perspective projection plane is W, and depth is H.Because the i axle is and the XY plane parallel, vertical with the Z axle again, therefore resulting perspective projection plane is to be that the coordinate center is gone up with XY plane (horizontal plane) and rotated an angle with the G point, and this angle is exactly the angle of Om-G connecting line and Z axle.

Here we with Om-G as the transform center axle, point G is as the transform center point, represent the transform center axle with β (angle-azimuth of incident ray on the XY plane), γ (angle of the horizontal plane of incident ray and hyperboloid focus) and distance D (the perspective projection plane is to the distance of bi-curved focus Om), the β angle is in 0 °～360 ° scopes, can calculate by formula (3), equally also can represent with formula (8):

β＝tan ^-1(Y/X)＝tan ^-1(y/x) (8)

Here the β angle is the angle of incident ray projection on the XY plane, with the Z axle be initial point (initial point of polar coordinate system) counterclockwise, in 0 °～360 ° scopes (this is the horizontal field of view scope of omni-directional visual); The γ angle is the angle of the horizontal plane of incident ray and hyperboloid focus, shown in formula (5), this angle is relevant with the hyperboloid focal position with space coordinates, if on the hyperboloid focus, make a horizontal plane, be exactly the angle of giving horizontal plane and Om-G axle so, here with space coordinates Z point more than the hyperboloid focus as [+], be called the elevation angle, the conduct [-] of Z point below the hyperboloid focus is called the angle of depression; The γ angular range just has different γ angular range (this is the vertical field of view scope of omni-directional visual) according to different minute surface designs between-90 °～+ 90 °;

Distance D determines that according to the air line distance of perspective projection plane and hyperboloid focus in general, the long more scenery of distance D is more little, and distance D flash thing more is big more; Banner W, the depth H on perspective projection plane can be determined by needs, when determining banner W, depth H size, at first to determine the horizontal vertical ratio of display window, owing to be the size of representing banner W, depth H with pixel, therefore to determine the pixel value of banner W, depth H in computer.

Coordinate points P by the perspective projection plane (i, j) ask A in the three-dimensional of space (X, Y Z), so just can obtain the transformational relation of projection plane and space three-dimensional, and conversion relational expression is represented with formula (9):

X＝R*cosβ-i*sinβ

Y＝R*sinβ+i*cosβ (9)

Z＝D*sinγ-j*cosγ

(R＝D*cosγ+j*sinγ)

In the formula: D is the distance of perspective projection plane to bi-curved focus Om, the β angle is the angle of incident ray projection on the XY plane, the γ angle is the angle of the horizontal plane of incident ray and hyperboloid focus, the i axle is and the parallel plane transverse axis of XY, the j axle is and the longitudinal axis of i axle and Om-G axle right angle intersection that the direction of i axle and j axle is by shown in the accompanying drawing 6;

(Z) some substitution formula (6) and (7) just can be tried to achieve coordinate points P (i, j) corresponding P (x, y) point on imaging plane with the perspective projection plane for X, Y with the above-mentioned P that tries to achieve with formula (9).So just can try to achieve comprehensive perspective view, that is to say the corresponding relation of the coordinate system on the coordinate system set up on the imaging plane and perspective projection plane by the image information that on imaging plane, obtains.Such corresponding relation has been arranged, the image information of certain point that we just can obtain from imaging plane; By the corresponding relation of two coordinate systems, the image information of this point correctly is presented on the corresponding position, perspective projection plane.

For the perspective video image that the Zheng Bei visual angle, visual angle, due east, visual angle, due south and the Zheng Xi visual angle that obtain in the some depth of water waters are cut apart, the user can detect distance by software adjustment as required.Described software adjustment detects distance and changes the distance of perspective projection plane to bi-curved focus Om, and just the user selects the parameter of the D in the formula (9) on software interface.

The axle center of the compass on described hyperbolic mirror, the hyperbolic mirror, image unit, transparent housing, tapered suppression thing are on same central axis; The camera lens of image unit is placed on the position of the real focus of hyperbolic mirror or virtual focus.

In conjunction with Fig. 1 and with reference to the syndeton scheme of Fig. 2,3 explanation ODVS, at first the axle of compass 8 is fixed on the bosom point of catadioptric minute surface 9 during assembling, then catadioptric minute surface and loam cake 10 are connected to form the upper unit of ODVS; Then will trap in the 14 insertion transparent housings 13, and on 14 outer rings of trapping, be inserted in sealing ring 15 then and carry out the lower unit that sealing and fixing forms ODVS with exterior nut cap 16; Then carry out the upper unit of ODVS and being connected of lower unit, on loam cake 10, have a semi-circular sulculus of putting into sealing ring, sealing ring 11 is placed in the semi-circular sulculus of loam cake 10, be nested into the lower unit of ODVS on the loam cake 10 then and fix with screw 12, the ODVS of such energy waterproof sealing just assembling finishes, formed the global facility of ODVS, parts 2 as shown in Figure 2;

The method of attachment of ODVS and underwater camera device is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, one end of the cable made from said method 4 carries out wiring with image unit 1 and is connected, and it is sealed by fixed bin, have on the fixed bin one with 14 internal threads that match of trapping, then fixed bin is screwed into and traps on 14 being inserted in sealing ring on 14 external screw threads of trapping during assembling, whole like this underwater camera device part has just been finished the sealing fittage; ODVS has overturn 180 ° when actual underwater photograph technical uses, and promptly the catadioptric minute surface up; The other end of cable 4 strides across an angle pulley underwater camera device part is coupled together with capstan winch 20, and this end of cable 4 connects image processing equipment and display device with wiring, controls the depth of water of underwater camera device by the rotation of capstan winch 20.

The video image of passing back by image unit 1 is the panoramic picture of a circle, as shown in Figure 5, after microprocessor reads this video image, software at first goes for the direction of compass indication, find just in time to mate through comparison at 140 ° angle place, so just show the panoramic picture of sending back at present to rotate 140 ° angle be only Due South to; Software just goes to select the scope of the β angle in the formula (9) according to this information, to show Due South to fluoroscopy images, scope with the β angle in software is chosen in 80 °～200 °, here people's visual angle characteristics have been considered, the width range of the fluoroscopy images on some directions is customized to 120 °, direct north, due east direction and positive west to fluoroscopy images roughly the same, as shown in Figure 5.

Can adopt manual elevating mechanism to be used for laying and reclaiming Underwater Camera for small-sized Underwater Camera, Underwater Camera strides across an angle pulley by cable crane and capstan winch is coupled together, like this by the hand rotation capstan winch, the liter that just can realize elevating mechanism with fall, make Camera Positioning in the exact position.

Described hand rotation capstan winch is settled a counting device on capstan winch, the effect of this counting device is to allow the user know at present the length of cloth payout, so that additional Water Depth Information can make the full-view video image under water that obtains the time;

Picture signal heart yearn and electric heart yearn have been comprised in the described cable; Electricity heart yearn and picture signal heart yearn are single undercoating; The outside mold pressing of these lines or fill soft and durable mold pressing resin or fiber, the outer surface of cable is carried out and is covered wear-resistant material layer.Tinned wird is used as electric heart yearn; Polyethylene or polypropylene internally coated material as electric heart yearn; The interior lines of silver-coated copper wire as picture signal heart yearn and control signal heart yearn; The outside line of tinned wird as picture signal heart yearn and control signal heart yearn; The grand internally coated material of special atmosphere as picture signal heart yearn and control signal heart yearn; Kafra fiber or carbon resin are used as mold pressing resin; Polyethylene or polypropylene material as wear-resisting external coating.

It is stable preferably for Underwater Camera is had to guarantee to obtain high-quality video image, disposed tapered suppression thing below the video camera under water among the present invention, the effect of tapered suppression thing is to guarantee that Underwater Camera vertically downward and keep stable in water.

Described tapered suppression thing (shown in 3 among Fig. 2) is to be connected with the screw thread that covers on the ODVS, tapered suppression thing 2 is designed to cone, the weight of cone can be selected according to the situations such as current that detect the waters, purpose is to guarantee that ODVS does not rock when capturing panoramic view image, improves the quality of video image.

Embodiment 2

With reference to Fig. 7, all the other architectural features of present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1, present embodiment is at the Video Detection under water in wide waters, need underwater luminaire as lighting source, to guarantee providing enough illumination intensities in the image pickup scope under water, thereby guaranteed the quality of underwater video image, can select for use tungsten halogen lamp as light source.Under water lamp can be made up of stainless steel water tight defense protective case body, quartz glass watertight optical window, earth leakage protective device etc.This Under water lamp has characteristics such as life-span length, reliable operation, stable performance, can long time continuous working.Light fixture 19 can evenly be configured in periphery between tapered suppression thing and the ODVS loam cake, the outward-dipping angle of illuminating lamp, and making has enough illumination intensities in the ODVS visual field, thereby has guaranteed the quality of underwater video image.As shown in Figure 7.

Embodiment 3

With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 6, all the other technical schemes are identical with embodiment 1, for in the comparison, large-scale Underwater Camera can adopt elevating mechanism to be used for laying and to reclaim Under water lamp and Underwater Camera, motor by the control elevating mechanism is adjusted the light fixture and the degree of depth of video camera in water, so that obtain the best underwater camera angle of visual field.Elevating mechanism mainly is made up of underwater portion and winch two parts waterborne.Underwater portion comprises the fixed mount of fixing Underwater Camera and illuminating lamp etc.Above water comprises motor, capstan winch, angle pulley etc.Capstan winch is connected in the rotating shaft of motor, and wirerope (cable) strides across an angle pulley crane and capstan winch are coupled together, and like this by rotating capstan winch, just can realize the liter of elevating mechanism and falls, and makes Camera Positioning in the exact position.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual, comprise the vision sensor that is used to obtain waters to be detected video, the microprocessor that is used to carry out image processing, described vision sensor is installed on the elevating mechanism, the output of described vision sensor connects and is used to transmit the cable of video data under water, described cable connects microprocessor, described microprocessor connects display device, and described microprocessor comprises:

The view data read module is used to read the video image information of coming from the vision sensor biography;

The image data file memory module is used for video image information is kept at memory cell by file mode;

Image output module is used for the image information after handling is outputed to display device;

It is characterized in that:

Described vision sensor is an omnibearing vision sensor, comprise the catadioptric mirror, transparent housing, the image unit that are used for vertically downward, described catadioptric mirror is a hyperbolic mirror, described catadioptric mirror is positioned at the top of transparent housing, described image unit comprises collector lens and shooting part, and described shooting part is positioned at the virtual focus position of described hyperbolic mirror;

The compass that is used in reference to shooting orientation under the open fire is being installed on the central point of described hyperbolic mirror;

The axle center of the compass on described hyperbolic mirror, the hyperbolic mirror, shooting part, transparent housing are on same central axis;

Described microprocessor also comprises:

The azimuth determination module is used for the orientation on definite circular panoramic picture, and by the image and the comparison that is stored in the image of the compass in the microprocessor of compass on the panoramic picture core, Xuan Zhuan angle is determined the orientation of panoramic picture between the two;

Image launches processing module, the circular video image that is used for reading into according to the azimuth expand into Due South to, direct north, due east direction and positive west to the perspective video image, the straight line Om-G that to draw a distance from the real focus Om of hyperbolic mirror to perspective projection origin of coordinates G be D, with the perpendicular plane of this Om-G as the perspective projection plane, coordinate points P (i by the perspective projection plane, j) ask A (X in the three-dimensional of space, Y, Z), the space three-dimensional is that the real focus Om with hyperbolic mirror is the origin of coordinates, optical axis with hyperbolic mirror is the Om-XYZ coordinate system of Z axle, shooting part is towards the positive direction setting of Z axle, obtain the transformational relation of projection plane and space three-dimensional

Conversion relational expression is represented with formula (9):

X＝R*cosβ-i*sinβ

Y＝R*sinβ+i*cosβ

Z＝D*sinγ-j*cosγ (9)

R＝D*cosγ+j*sinγ

In the following formula: X, Y, Z representation space coordinate, D is the distance of perspective projection plane to the focus Om of hyperbolic mirror, the β angle is the angle of incident ray projection on the XY plane, the γ angle is incident ray and the angle that passes through the horizontal plane of hyperbolic mirror real focus Om, the i axle is and the parallel plane transverse axis of XY, and the j axle is the longitudinal axis with i axle and Om-G axle right angle intersection;

With the above-mentioned P that tries to achieve with formula (9) (X, Y, Z) some substitution formula (6) and (7) try to achieve with the coordinate points P on perspective projection plane (i, j) corresponding on imaging plane P (x, y) point:

$x=\frac{\mathrm{Xf}(b^2-c^2)}{(b^2+c^2)Z-2\mathrm{bc}\sqrt{X^2+Y^2+Z^2}}---\left(6\right)$

$y=\frac{\mathrm{Yf}(b^2-c^2)}{(b^2+c^2)Z-2\mathrm{bc}\sqrt{X^2+Y^2+Z^2}}---\left(7\right)$

In the following formula, c represents the focus of hyperbolic mirror, and 2c represents two distances between the focus, and a, b are respectively the real axis of hyperbolic mirror and the length of the imaginary axis, and f represents the distance of imaging plane to the virtual focus of hyperbolic mirror;

Described view data read module, azimuth determination module connect described image and launch processing module, and described image launches processing module and connects image output module.

2, the underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: catadioptric minute surface and loam cake are connected to form the upper unit of omnibearing vision sensor; Trap and insert in the transparent housing, on the outer ring of trapping, be inserted in sealing ring and use the exterior nut cap sealing and fixing to form the lower unit of omnibearing vision sensor; Cover out a semi-circular sulculus of putting into sealing ring last, sealing ring is placed in the semi-circular sulculus of loam cake, the lower unit of omnibearing vision sensor is nested into and covers and fix with screw.

3, the underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: cover on described a taper suppression thing that is used to prevent the shake of underwater camera unit is installed, described taper suppression thing and described hyperbolic mirror are on same central axis.

4, the underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: an end of described cable carries out wiring with image unit and is connected, and it is sealed by fixed bin, have an internal thread that matches with trapping of omnibearing vision sensor on the fixed bin, be inserted in sealing ring on the external screw thread of trapping of omnibearing vision sensor and fixed bin be screwed into down put then, the other end of cable strides across an angle pulley omnibearing vision sensor and capstan winch is coupled together.

5, the underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: settle a counting device on the described capstan winch, in order to allow the user know at present the length of cloth payout, add a Water Depth Information during full-view video image under water that obtains.

6, the underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described capstan winch connects electric device or hand gear.

7, the underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: on described omnibearing vision sensor lighting source is installed.

8, the underwater video detection device based on omni-directional visual as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described cable comprises picture signal heart yearn and electric heart yearn, and electric heart yearn and picture signal heart yearn are single undercoating.

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