CN100561438C - A kind of dummy machine system and video card using method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of dummy machine system and video card using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dummy machine system and video card using method thereof, wherein be provided with a resource modular converter among the VMM of this dummy machine system, be used for being in mutual data between the video card driver module of GOS on foreground and the video card according to resource conversion table conversion, and be used to tackle be in the backstage GOS to the visit of video card after its operation of response to video card; Also be provided with all die change pieces among the described VMM, be used for changing the state of corresponding VM, and preserve the video card state before VM switches to the backstage according to the order of switching VM, and when described VM switches to the foreground again with the video card recovering state of preservation to video card; Described client operating system comprises a video card driver module corresponding to true video card, is used to visit true video card.System and method of the present invention can make GOS visit true video card, also can switch demonstration between a plurality of virtual machines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer realm, particularly relate to a kind of dummy machine system and video card using method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of computer system, Intel Virtualization Technology is used widely in computer realm.Modern computer has had ability and has utilized Intel Virtualization Technology to support a plurality of virtual machines, and on each virtual machine the independent operating system of each self-operating.
In dummy machine system, each operating system all needs hardware is conducted interviews, and wherein the visit to video card is the problem of a more complicated comparatively speaking, is a key factor that influences user experience to the different using method of video card.At present, the scheme that main flow Intel Virtualization Technologies such as VMWare and Virtual PC are adopted is similar, and all being provides a virtual video card for client operating system (GOS).This virtual video card is a general video card, can only realize basic Presentation Function, and is very big with real video card difference.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of video card visit in the dummy machine system of prior art.This dummy machine system comprises virtual machine monitor (VMM), service operations system (SOS) and at least one GOS (among Fig. 1 be that example describe with 1 GOS).
When SOS started, the scanning pci bus was found true video card, obtains true video card information, and for native system distributes true video card resource (IRQ, IO, MMIO), SOS conducts interviews to video card by the driver module of true video card.
SOS comprises at least one device model (DM), and the corresponding GOS of each DM is for GOS provides a virtual video card.When GOS starts, the scanning pci bus, its scan operation is tackled by VMM, and is forwarded to the virtual pci bus in the DM, and DM gives this GOS registration virtual video card.GOS finds virtual video card, obtains virtual video card information, for this GOS distributes virtual video card resource (IRQ, IO, MMIO), and be kept in the pci configuration space of virtual video card of DM, VMM therefrom obtains the scope of resource (interrupt number, each IO section, each MMIO section) of virtual video card.When GOS passed through the driver module accesses virtual video card of virtual video card, GOS was in the time of the accesses virtual video card, and (IO MMIO) is tackled by VMM its accessing operation to virtual video card, and VMM sends to DM with visit data; After DM changes visit data, send to the driver module of true video card; After handling the data that receive, the driver module of true video card sends to video card.
This dummy machine system comprises one or more GOS, and each GOS operating system all is by SOS visit video card.So, except SOS can see true video card, and utilize outside the driver module visit video card of true video card, what each GOS saw all is the virtual video card that is provided by DM, and utilize the driver module of virtual video card that video card is conducted interviews, like this, the demonstration of dummy machine system shows do not possess 2D by SOS, accelerating performances such as 3D, the hardware-accelerated characteristic of video card can't be used by the user, does not even support the function of 3D animation, has influenced display performance.Each GOS need be used in GOS when showing in addition, the DM of SOS, and the driver module of the true video card of SOS, Data transmission and handoff environment back and forth between the VMM reduce overall system efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dummy machine system and video card using method thereof, it can switch demonstration when can make GOS visit true video card between a plurality of virtual machines.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of dummy machine system, comprise the SOS of service operations system, one or more client operating system GOS, virtual machine monitor VMM and video card, wherein:
Be provided with a resource modular converter among the described VMM, be used for being in mutual data between the video card driver module of GOS on foreground and the video card according to resource conversion table conversion, and be used to tackle be in the backstage GOS to the visit of true video card after its operation of response to video card;
Also be provided with all die change pieces among the described VMM, be used for changing the state of corresponding VM, and preserve the video card state before VM switches to the backstage according to the order of switching VM, and when described VM switches to the foreground again with the video card recovering state of preservation to video card;
Described client operating system comprises a video card driver module corresponding to true video card, is used to visit true video card.
Above-mentioned dummy machine system, wherein, described resource modular converter also is used for the video card status data the described handover module of operation corresponding modify of video card preserved according to the VM that is in the backstage.
Above-mentioned dummy machine system, wherein, described resource modular converter also is used for abandoning the VM that is in the backstage does not influence the video card status register to the operation of video card operation.
Above-mentioned dummy machine system, wherein, described VMM also comprises:
Communication module is used for the communication between service operations system, client operating system, the VMM three.
Above-mentioned dummy machine system, wherein, described service operations system comprises:
Device model DM, be used to GOS that virtual pci bus or PCI-E bus is provided, and be used for after the operation of the GOS scanning pci bus that receives the VMM forwarding, read the information of true video card from the pci configuration space of true video card, and registration comprises the PCI equipment or the PCI-E equipment of true video card information to GOS.
Above-mentioned dummy machine system, wherein, described resource conversion table is kept in the space of VMM, or is kept in the context environmental of GOS virtual machine.
Above-mentioned dummy machine system, wherein, described resource conversion table specifically comprises: virtual plane No., device number, the GuestIO section, the GuestMMIO section, the Guest interrupt number, the Machine interrupt number, the MachineIO section, the MachineMMIO section.
In order better to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of video card using method of dummy machine system, wherein,
Resource modular converter among the VMM is in mutual data between the video card driver module of GOS on foreground and the video card according to resource conversion table conversion, the GOS that interception simultaneously is in the backstage to the visit of true video card after its operation of response to video card;
Handover module among the VMM is changed the state of corresponding VM according to the order of switching VM, and preserves the video card state before VM switches to the backstage, and when described VM switches to the foreground again with the video card recovering state of preservation to video card;
Described client operating system comprises the video card driver module corresponding to true video card.Above-mentioned method, wherein, described resource modular converter is also according to being in the video card status data of preserving in the described handover module of operation corresponding modify of VM to video card on backstage.
Above-mentioned method, wherein, handover module is carried out VGA BIOS by calling standard BIOS, or the video card state of directly video card being operated the foreground GOS that will switch to the backstage is saved in the video card status data of corresponding GOS.
Above-mentioned method, wherein, handover module is carried out VGA BIOS by calling standard BIOS, or directly video card is operated the video card recovering state of the GOS that will switch to the foreground to true video card.
Above-mentioned method, wherein, appointment that still to be the backstage be provided with by the VM for the GOS place that GOS is in the foreground its to be in the foreground still be that the sign on backstage is judged.
Above-mentioned method, wherein, described resource conversion table is kept in the space of VMM, or is kept in the context environmental of GOS virtual machine.
Above-mentioned method, wherein, described resource conversion table specifically comprises: virtual plane No., device number, GuestIO section, GuestMMIO section, Guest interrupt number, Machine interrupt number, MachineIO section, MachineMMIO section.
System and method of the present invention, by in VMM, being provided with a resource modular converter, conversion is in mutual data between the video card driver module of GOS on foreground and the video card, and be used to tackle be in the backstage GOS to the visit of true video card after the response its operation to video card, can the same time of assurance have only a GOS can visit real video card, simultaneously, because what the pci bus (PCI-E bus) of GOS comprised is true video card information, GOS comprises is video card driver corresponding to true video card, therefore be to install the mode of true video card is visited when visit, can visit true video card.
Simultaneously, system and method of the present invention, when switching, before preserve switching corresponding to the state of the video card of this GOS, the variation of the video card state that the corresponding simultaneously video card operation of upgrading the GOS that is in the backstage causes, therefore after GOS returns to the foreground, to true video card, be the consistance of tenability, solved the problem that the switching between the multi-dummy machine shows effectively the video card recovering state of preserving.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of video card visit in the dummy machine system of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of dummy machine system of the present invention;
Embodiment
Dummy machine system of the present invention comprises the SOS of service operations system, one or more client operating system GOS, virtual machine monitor VMM and video card, wherein:
VMM comprises:
Communication module is connected with SOS, GOS respectively, is used for the communication between SOS, GOS, the VMM three; Wherein VMM communicates by letter with GOS with SOS by interruption or event channel (Event Channel), and SOS communicates by letter with VMM by hypercall, and GOS communicates by letter with VMM by vmcall;
The resource modular converter, the video card driver module and the video card that connect GOS, and be in mutual data between the video card driver module of GOS on foreground and the video card according to resource conversion table conversion, simultaneously also interception be in the backstage GOS to the visit of true video card after its operation of response to video card, wherein this conversion operations comprises:
To carry out from the video card visit data of GOS sending to true video card after the physics MMIO of video card is changed or MMIO is mapped on ground, IO address according to resource conversion table; With
Send to GOS after the IRQ of the video card that receives being converted to the interrupt number of GOS according to resource conversion table.
Also be provided with all die change pieces among the VMM, be used for changing the state of corresponding VM, and preserve the video card state before VM switches to the backstage according to the order of switching VM, and when described VM switches to the foreground again with the video card recovering state of preservation to video card; In Fig. 2 of the present invention, handover module obtains the video card state by the resource modular converter, can certainly directly obtain its state from video card.
The SOS of service operations system comprises:
Device model DM, be used to GOS that virtual pci bus (PCI-E bus) is provided, and be used for after the operation of the GOS scanning pci bus that receives the VMM forwarding, read the information of true video card from the pci configuration space of true video card, and register PCI (PCI-E) equipment of the information that comprises true video card to GOS;
GOS comprises:
The video card driver module corresponding to true video card, is used to visit true video card;
After GOS found video card and obtains video card information, (IRQ, IO, MMIO) distributed to native system with the video card resource, and the video card resource allocation information was kept in the pci configuration space of virtual pci bus (PCI-E bus) of DM;
Wherein, resource conversion table above-mentioned is to produce in the resource distribution process to video card.Layoutprocedure is: SOS starts, and the scanning pci bus is obtained video card information, is video card Resources allocation (IRQ, IO, MMIO); GOS starts, and scans virtual pci bus, and discovery is obtained video card information by the true video card that DM provides, and is video card Resources allocation (IRQ, IO, MMIO); GOS is responsible for parsing to the resources allocation of video card by DM, and DM generates resource conversion table to the resource allocation information of video card and GOS to the resource allocation information of video card according to SOS.The corresponding relation, the corresponding relation of IRQ and the corresponding relation of MMIO that comprise the IO that SOS and GOS distribute video card respectively in this resource conversion table.
Resource conversion table can be kept in the space of oneself by VMM, also can be kept in the context environmental of GOS virtual machine, specifically comprises:
Virtual plane No., device number, the GuestIO section, the GuestMMIO section, the Guest interrupt number, the Machine interrupt number, the MachineIO section, the MachineMMIO section, wherein:
Virtual plane No. is represented the running environment at GOS place;
Device number is used to identify video card, can be by the bus number of video card on real bus, and devicenumber and function number form;
Section can comprise start address and length, also can be start address and end address;
It is the IO resource that video card distributes that GuestIO represents GOS scanning virtual bus;
It is the MMIO resource that video card distributes that GuestMMIO represents GOS scanning virtual bus;
It is the interrupt number that video card distributes that the Guest interrupt number is represented GOS scanning virtual bus;
It is the interrupt number that video card distributes that the Machine interrupt number is represented SOS scanning real bus;
It is the IO resource that video card distributes that MachineIO represents SOS scanning real bus.
It is the MMIO resource that video card distributes that MachineMMIO represents SOS scanning real bus.
Above-mentioned dummy machine system comprises that to the visit of video card SOS is to the operation of video card and the GOS operation to video card, wherein:
When SOS started, the scanning pci bus was found true video card, obtains true video card information, and for native system distributes true video card Resources allocation (IRQ, IO, MMIO), SOS conducts interviews to video card by the driver module of true video card;
When GOS starts, the scanning pci bus, its scan operation is tackled by VMM, and is forwarded to virtual pci bus in the DM by communication module, and DM reads the information of true video card from the pci configuration space of true video card, and registers the information of true video card to GOS.GOS finds video card, obtains video card information, for video card carries out resource distribution (IRQ, IO, MMIO), and is kept in the pci configuration space of virtual video card of the virtual pci bus of DM.VMM therefrom obtains the scope of resource (interrupt number, each IO section, each MMIO section) of virtual video card, and sets up the video card resource of GOS and the resource conversion table of true video card.When GOS visits video card by the video card driver module, it is to the accessing operation (IO of video card, MMIO) tackled by the resource modular converter of VMM, if this GOS is in the foreground, VMM sends to true video card to the operation after the conversion according to resource conversion table, and send to GOS after the IRQ that video card returns being converted to the Guset interrupt number of GOS, for the GOS that is in the backstage, the resource modular converter is tackled its visit to true video card, does not allow it visit true video card.
Be in foreground or backstage for how differentiating GOS, the present invention realizes by the following method.
For VMM, the VM at each GOS place is provided with a sign, identifies it and is foreground or backstage.When this virtual machine obtained the timeslice operation, the resource modular converter was differentiated it according to the sign of VM and is foreground or backstage, and VMM guarantees that having only a VM (VM that comprises the SOS place) at most is to be in the foreground.
Switching below in conjunction with VM is described in more detail method of the present invention.
Switching is exactly that a VM who is in the foreground is designated the backstage, the foreground that is designated of a GOS who does not show on the backstage.Be in the VM on backstage for each, VMM is not transformed into true video card to operation after tackling its operation to video card.Only be designated the VM on foreground, VMM is transformed into true video card to operation by the resource modular converter after tackling its operation to video card.Guarantee that like this synchronization has only a GOS to visit true video card.
Because video card is an existence, such as three virtual machine VM1 are arranged, VM2 and VM3 operate video card when VM1 is in the foreground, make video card be in state state1, after this because blocked operation, VM1 is marked as the backstage, and VM2 is marked as the foreground, so VM1 can not operate video card, video card is by another virtual machine VM2 operation, and VM2 operation video card makes video card be in state state2.
If switch to VM1 this moment again, the GOS in the VM1 thinks that video card still is the state1 state, and actual video card has been the state2 state.The GOS of VM1 still presses state1 state of operation video card, unusual and mistake will occur, therefore the operation that need preserve and recover the video card state.
In addition, the VM that is in the backstage thinks it oneself is to monopolize video card, though its operation does not send on the true video card, but it can think its operation success, and has changed the state of video card.When this VM was in the foreground again, it can proceed operation to the mode of operation of video card to true video card on the backstage by it, therefore needed to follow the tracks of be in the state variation that operation brought of the VM on backstage to video card.
Respectively problem above-mentioned is described below.
BIOS can be directly called in preservation and recovery to the video card state, and as interrupting the function ah=1C of 10h, al=1 preserves the video card state, ah=1C, and al=2 recovers the video card state.
If the VGA BIOS of video card manufacturer also provides the state of operation of preserving and recovering video card, then also can directly call VGA BIOS interface is provided.
Can directly programme in addition and read its video card register holds, and then write back the video card register video card.
Therefore can utilize following mode to switch in the method for the present invention:
The video card state that is provided with in VMM is preserved module, is used to preserve the video card state of foreground VM, stops the execution of this VM then, when this VM is switched to the foreground again, the video card recovering state preserved to video card, can be guaranteed the unanimity of video card state like this.
Can also utilize following mode to switch in the method for the present invention simultaneously, can in the Guarantee Status unanimity, make backstage VM can continue operation:
The video card status register corresponding with GOS is set in VMM, at GOS when the foreground switches to the backstage, at first, the state of current true video card is saved in the video card status register of this VM correspondence, after this this VM is in the backstage, it can continue video card is operated, but this moment, the resource modular converter can not be transformed into true video card (being that it can not operate true video card) to its operation, and only according to its operation to video card, after the operation of interception GOS to this video card, service data according to interception is upgraded corresponding video card status register, and does not wherein influence the operation (as the operation to video card framebuffer) of video card status register, then directly abandons.After this VM switched to the foreground again, the resource modular converter returned to the video card mode register data of VM on the true video card.
Simultaneously, for the operation of switching VM, can tackle keyboard operation by VMM, when the operation of tackling is the blocked operation order of being scheduled to (switching VM2 to the foreground as Alt+F2), also can be the order that SOS obtains by network, sends to VMM then.
Simultaneously, for who be in the foreground still be the backstage be dynamic change.A kind of variation is that this VM just is labeled as the foreground with VM of every startup, and the VM that was in the foreground originally is designated the backstage.VMM judges that according to the sign of VM the foreground still is backstage VM, and the operation of video card is handled accordingly.
VMM (calls the BIOS of standard to the video card recovering state that will switch to the Guest OS on foreground to true video card, carry out VGA BIOS, or directly video card is operated etc.), and allow this Guest OS directly visit true video card, be the foreground with this GuestOS of tense marker.
For the GuestOS that is in the backstage, VMM tackles its visit to true video card, and responds its operation to video card, as mode switch, change resolution etc., do not carry out on the true video card but concrete IO is not operated in, and directly abandon for the operation of video card framebuffer.Promptly for the GuestOS that is in the backstage, VMM simulation GuestOS is to the IO operation of true video card, and the state of record video card that GuestOS sees; Operation for framebuffer is directly abandoned, and does not write real video card, and backstage GuestOS thinks own operation to true video card like this, but does not in fact influence real video card, can not destroy the demonstration of foreground GuestOS.
The so-called interception of virtual machine technique is, when GOS carried out some operations that can not be carried out by GOS, the execution of CPU was trapped in VMM, is carried out by VMM.After VMM replaces GOS to carry out certain operations (also can what do not carry out), switch back GOS again and carry out.
Mode switch, changing resolution is the change of video card state.So-called simulation is that VMM replaces true video card response GOS that video card is operated.Will read the state of video card as backstage GOS, VMM returns is video card state in the VM, rather than the state of true video card.And, only upgrade the video card state in the VM for writing video card, do not write on the true video card.
Should be noted that at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spiritual scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. dummy machine system, comprise the SOS of service operations system, a plurality of client operating system GOS that is provided with device model DM, virtual machine monitor VMM and the video card that is provided with communication module, described communication module is used for the communication between SOS, GOS and the VMM three, it is characterized in that:
Be provided with a resource modular converter among the described VMM, be used for being in mutual data between the video card driver module of GOS on foreground and the video card according to resource conversion table conversion, and be used to tackle be in the backstage GOS to the visit of true video card after its operation of response to video card; Described resource conversion table is generated the resource allocation information of video card the resource allocation information of video card and GOS according to SOS by described device model;
Also be provided with all die change pieces among the described VMM, be used for changing the state of corresponding VM, and preserve the video card state before VM switches to the backstage according to the order of switching virtual machine VM, and when described VM switches to the foreground again with the video card recovering state of preservation to video card;
Described client operating system comprises a video card driver module corresponding to true video card, is used to visit true video card;
Described device model DM, be used to GOS that virtual pci bus or PCI-E bus is provided, and be used for after the operation of the GOS scanning pci bus that receives the VMM forwarding, read the information of true video card from the pci configuration space of true video card, and registration comprises the PCI equipment or the PCI-E equipment of true video card information to GOS.
2. dummy machine system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described resource modular converter also is used for the video card status data the described handover module of operation corresponding modify of video card preserved according to the VM that is in the backstage.
3. dummy machine system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described resource modular converter also is used for abandoning the VM that is in the backstage does not influence the video card status register to the operation of video card operation.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described dummy machine systems, it is characterized in that described resource conversion table is kept in the space of VMM, or be kept in the context environmental of GOS virtual machine.
5. dummy machine system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described resource conversion table specifically comprises: virtual plane No., device number, GuestIO section, GuestMMIO section, Guest interrupt number, MachineIO section, MachineMMIO section, Machine interrupt number.
6. the video card using method of a dummy machine system is characterized in that,
Device model among the SOS of service operations system provides virtual pci bus or PCI-E bus for GOS, and be used for after the operation of the GOS scanning pci bus that receives the VMM forwarding, read the information of true video card from the pci configuration space of true video card, and registration comprises the PCI equipment or the PCI-E equipment of true video card information to GOS;
Resource modular converter among the virtual machine monitor VMM is in mutual data between the video card driver module of client operating system GOS on foreground and the video card according to resource conversion table conversion, the GOS that interception simultaneously is in the backstage to the visit of true video card after its operation of response to video card, described resource conversion table is generated the resource allocation information of video card the resource allocation information of video card and GOS according to SOS by device model;
Handover module among the VMM is changed the state of corresponding VM according to the order of switching virtual machine VM, and preserves the video card state before VM switches to the backstage, and when described VM switches to the foreground again with the video card recovering state of preservation to video card;
Described client operating system comprises a video card driver module corresponding to true video card.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described resource modular converter is also according to being in the video card status data of preserving in the described handover module of operation corresponding modify of VM to video card on backstage.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, handover module is by calling standard BIOS, carry out Video Graphics Array VGA BIOS, or directly video card is carried out the video card state that operation handlebar will switch to the foreground GOS on backstage and be kept in the video card status data of this GOS, and the video card status data that will switch to the backstage GOS on foreground is returned to true video card carry out switching.
9. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, appointment that still to be the backstage be provided with by the VM for the GOS place that GOS is in the foreground its to be in the foreground still be that the sign on backstage is judged.
10. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that described resource conversion table is kept in the space of VMM, or is kept in the context environmental of GOS virtual machine.
11. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described resource conversion table specifically comprises: virtual plane No., device number, GuestIO section, GuestMMIO section, Guest interrupt number, MachineIO section, MachineMMIO section, Machine interrupt number.
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| US11/860,939 US9176765B2 (en) | 2006-09-25 | 2007-09-25 | Virtual machine system and a method for sharing a graphics card amongst virtual machines |
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| CN103491188A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-01 | 上海沃帆信息科技有限公司 | Implementation method for enabling multiple users to share graphic workstation by using virtual desktop and GPU pass-through |
| CN109358951A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-02-19 | 北京京航计算通讯研究所 | The straight-through display methods with virtual video card of Intelligent Support video card based on SPICE protocol |
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|---|---|
| CN101187880A (en) | 2008-05-28 |
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