CN100527705C - WLAN VoIP transfer method based on the unicast - Google Patents
WLAN VoIP transfer method based on the unicast Download PDFInfo
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- CN100527705C CN100527705C CNB2006100028869A CN200610002886A CN100527705C CN 100527705 C CN100527705 C CN 100527705C CN B2006100028869 A CNB2006100028869 A CN B2006100028869A CN 200610002886 A CN200610002886 A CN 200610002886A CN 100527705 C CN100527705 C CN 100527705C
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Abstract
The wireless LAN Void transmission method based on unicast comprises: 1. joining in turns the speech packages in a certain time interval into one multiplex group, deciding whether all addresses of packages in the dynamic address list, and adding this one into the list if not; 2. copying ip head of the package with address in the front of the dynamic list, rewriting its version field or service filed into special value as the recognition head for whole group, and removing the objective address to list end; 3. according to the MAC address determined by the recognition head, transmitting the group by unicast way; and 4. all terminals on confounding mode receive this group to find out self package according to group IP head and transmit upward, and abandons package other packages.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to support in the wireless lan (wlan) the defined WLAN that is operated under the distributed coordination function (DCF) of ip voice (VoIP) technology, especially IEEE802.11 standard.
Background technology
The WLAN of IEEE802.11 protocol definition is operated under several typical operating rates of 1M/2M/11Mbps, and space and the frequency resource of a plurality of wireless sites by sharing communicates according to certain access way.Whether based on competition, the channel access way of WLAN can be divided into according to its access module: 1) based on the distributed coordination function (DCF) of CSMA/CA (carrier sense/conflict is avoided); 2) based on the centralized control (PCF) of poll.And existing most wlan products are only supported the DCF mode on the market.
For the access way based on DCF, all wireless sites and WAP (wireless access point) (AP) are in the same competition territory, according to the access way of CSMA/CA defined, compete access channel in order, liberally.Because website and AP are in competition and the branch of nonpreemption, so each website is identical with the probability that AP successfully competes channel.Simultaneously, the channel width that WLAN provided is with respect to other wireless network, and is all bigger as GSM, 3G etc., supports ip voice (VOIP) to become the focus of studying in the current WLAN field in WLAN.
VoIP is meant and utilizes the IP grouping to transmit voice data, realizes based on the voice communication under the block exchange mode.On communication flows, the VoIP business presents tangible symmetry, and this is that characteristics by Speech Communication itself are determined.When communicating in WLAN, according to the agreement regulation that existing most equipment is supported, the data of all websites all will be transmitted by AP, can not directly carry out between website alternately, and therefore, AP just becomes a transport hub among the WLAN.For business such as VoIP, the traffic that AP need transmit is identical with the traffic that all websites send to AP.And AP to compete the chance that channel sends data be identical with the chance of each website.This just certainly will cause the accumulation in the data at AP place, and for business such as VoIP, will further have influence on performance of services, as traffic delay, and packet loss etc.
The experimental results shows, under the DCF mode, the technical problem of the maximum that VoWLAN faces is exactly that the VoIP number of the actual support of WLAN is much smaller than theoretical value.The uplink downlink of speech transmissions is asymmetric in the net, causes on the down link speech transmissions time-delay excessive, thereby has restricted increasing of VoIP capacity in the WLAN.
How existing AP and wireless site not to be done on the basis of too much change, solve the asymmetric problem of uplink downlink among the WLAN, eliminate the bottleneck that WLAN communicates by letter under the DCF pattern, one class methods are not change existing WLAN working mechanism, the VoIP speech stream is carried out processing such as multiple connection, it can more effectively be transmitted in WLAN.The representative of these class methods is that Wang Wei equals in January, 2005 at article " Solutions to performance problems in VoIP over a 802.11wireless LAN " (Vehicular Technolo gy, IEEE Transactions on Volume 54, lssue1, Jan.2005Page (s): a kind of scheme M-M that utilizes the multicast mode to transmit multiple connection VoIP speech packet that proposes 366-384).This scheme is divided into multiple connection and two processes of multicast of voice packets.As shown in Figure 1, the process of multiple connection is: the multiple connection server replaces RTP, UDP in each IP speech packet and IP head with a minimal compression head, forms the voice packets of a multiple connection, and the IP address of this grouping is a multicast address.Multicast procedures is: the multiple connection server sends to AP with the voice packets of multiple connection, forms multicast frame by AP.According to IEEE802.11 agreement regulation, when multicast frame transmitted in WLAN, the channel booking process of offhand transmission (RTS, Readyto Send)/clear to send (CTS, Clear to Send) was directly multicast frame to be served channel.By but the mode of working terminal for the receiving group frame is set, working terminal receives the multiple connection Speech frame, discerns and extract one's own IP speech packet according to the compressed header packet of each frame front.For multicastapackets, if packet loss, the website end can't notify AP to make its re-transmission.
According to the regulation of IEEE 802.11 agreements, the multicast frame among the WLAN is compared with unicast frame, and 2 significant differences are arranged: 1) multicast frame does not have RTS/CTS to carry out channel booking, is based on basic DCF mode competition channel; 2) after multicast frame sends, do not have the affirmation of acknowledgement frame (ACK) on link layer, in case multicast frame goes out active, originating party can't retransmit.This makes the collision probability of multicast frame in WLAN will exceed much than corresponding unicast frame.
As adopting the multicast frame that utilizes that proposes among the M-M to transmit the method for multiple connection speech packet, the packet loss problem of voice will become even more serious.Its reason is, after adopting the multiple connection scheme, loses a multiple connection multicast frame and means losing of all Speech frames of multiple connection in this multicast frame, thereby make the packet loss of actual voice frame be multiplied.We find, when using the multicast mode to carry out the transmission of VoIP Speech frame, the packet loss that causes for above-mentioned reasons exceeds about 10% than mode of unicast, and this head and shoulders above among the ITUT-G.114 the maximum VoIP packet loss of suggestion should not exceed 3% requirement, make the scheme that is similar to M-M can't directly apply among the existing VoWLAN.And the VoIP business of using multicast frame to transmit that has its source in that the problems referred to above occur can't be transmitted in WLAN reliably.Therefore, we proposed based on mode of unicast speech multiple connection scheme (UM, Unicast-Multiplexing), when improving the VoWLAN capacity, fundamentally solved of the restriction of multicast packet loss rate, it can well be applied in the existing radio local network environment the VoIP business.
Summary of the invention
To existing problem in the VoIP support, the present invention proposes the VoIP transmission method of a kind of WLAN based on clean culture at existing wireless lan (wlan) system, comprise step:
(1) the interior at interval voice packets that arrives of certain hour is in turn connected into a multiple connection grouping, whether the destination address of judging all voice packets simultaneously is in the dynamic address tabulation, if the destination address that voice packets is arranged then adds this destination address this table gauge outfit not in the dynamic address tabulation;
(2) destination address in the multiple connection grouping is positioned at dynamic address tabulation gauge outfit or duplicate out from the IP packets headers of gauge outfit voice packets the most nearby, and after version field that will be wherein or service field be rewritten into particular value, identification packet header as whole multiple connection grouping moves on to the table tail with this destination address simultaneously;
(3), transmit this multiple connection grouping by mode of unicast terminal in net according to the MAC Address of determining by identification packet header;
(4) after all were in terminal under the promiscuous mode and receive this multiple connection grouping, the IP packets headers information searching of the voice packets by wherein went out one's own voice packets, abandons not one's own voice packets.
In the specific implementation process of said method, need between AP and router, increase a clean culture multiple connection server, the main effect of this server is the multiple connection grouping that the voice packets that will be transmitted to some terminal uses is multiplexed to a unicast address.The step of following this method of specific explanations:
1, the formation of multiple connection grouping
Mode with wired network between router, clean culture multiple connection server and the AP connects, and exchanges voice packets on wired network.In step (1), clean culture multiple connection server is multiplexed to a multiple connection grouping according to certain time interval with a plurality of voice packets.
As shown in Figure 2, the form that divides into groups for multiple connection.Increase identification packet header in whole multiple connection grouping front, its effect has two:
1) destination address in the identification packet header is unicast address, therefore can make AP adopt mode of unicast, and for example the RTS/CTS mode sends the multiple connection grouping;
2) being particular value by certain field that identification packet header is set, is that particular value is distinguished the multiple connection grouping that this voice packets is multiple connection such as version field or service field.
Wherein, clean culture multiple connection server is preserved a dynamic address tabulation, has dynamically stored the destination address information of relevant terminal in the table, so that the unicast address in the identification packet header to be provided.Clean culture multiple connection server is to the interior at interval voice packets that arrives of certain hour, judge whether that all destination addresses are all in the dynamic address tabulation, if the destination address that voice packets is arranged is not in the dynamic address tabulation, then earlier this destination address is added gauge outfit, if the destination address of all voice packets all in table, does not then need to add.
In step (2), clean culture multiple connection server judges at first whether the destination address that is arranged in dynamic address tabulation gauge outfit is consistent with the destination address of certain voice packets of multiple connection grouping, if then select this destination address, if not then searching the next one successively, till finding.The multiple connection server is chosen the destination address of this destination address as the multiple connection grouping then, at last this destination address is moved to the table tail.Such dynamic address tabulation, and from the mode that gauge outfit begins to search, each terminal in can guaranteeing to net all has the communication status of equality.
2, the clean culture of multiple connection grouping sends
Clean culture multiple connection server is sent to AP with the multiple connection grouping after having finished the multiple connection operation of multiple connection grouping, sends to terminal by AP in the RTS/CTS mode.In WLAN, send multicastapackets and adopt basic DCF mode, adopt the RTS/CTS mode and send unicast packet.Owing to comprised the speech data of a plurality of terminals in the multiple connection grouping, need be the reception simultaneously of a plurality of terminal institute.Adopt multicastapackets to realize that " multicast " is no problem, but there are two defectives in it: 1) in WLAN, to send multicastapackets and be based on basic DCF pattern, can't use RTS and CTS frame to carry out channel booking.2) after multicastapackets sends, there is not the ACK frame to confirm, the bag of losing because of mistake in therefore can't finding to transmit.For the multiple connection grouping that the present invention proposes,, and there is not ACK to confirm that packet loss is difficult to be well controlled, and just is difficult to satisfy the quality of service requirement of voice if do not adopt RTS/CTS reservation channel.
And, then not having above-mentioned two problems because mode of unicast is adopted in the grouping of the multiple connection among the present invention, the multiple connection grouping can use RTS and CTS mode to carry out channel booking, all has ACK to confirm to all speech frames simultaneously.Yet, because the destination address of multiple connection grouping is a unicast address, can only be the address of a terminal, that will have only a terminal (just with the identical terminal of multiple connection grouping destination address) can receive this multiple connection grouping, other terminal does not all receive, and this is that scheme institute is unallowed.Therefore, the present invention utilizes a kind of mode of operation---the promiscuous mode of wireless network card, makes network interface card receive all voice packets of transmission in the net, transfers to high-rise the processing then.By the mode of operation that network interface card is set is promiscuous mode, solves the problem that adopts mode of unicast transmission multiple connection grouping.
3, the parsing of multiple connection grouping
After multiple connection grouping sends upper signal channel by AP in the mode of clean culture, be in the terminal that mixes mode of operation and receive.Following parsing is carried out in the multiple connection grouping that end-on is received:
According to address and packet-length information in each IP packets headers of purpose, search the voice packets that belongs to this terminal multiple connection grouping Rigen one by one.If finding has the voice packets of coincideing with own address, it is extracted, and deliver the upper strata and handle; If traveled through whole multiple connection grouping, still do not find one's own voice packets, then the multiple connection grouping of receiving is abandoned.
4, the switching of terminal promiscuous mode and general mode under the multiple connection grouping control
Because the terminal that is under the promiscuous mode need receive and resolve the whole voice packets that are sent to all terminals, it is in running order always to cause terminal to need, and activationary time is long, and power consumption is big, and this is to realizing proposing sizable difficulty.Therefore, can make terminal just be in promiscuous mode in the voice communication stage, then be operated in general mode when not carrying out voice communication, this can save the power consumption of terminal, has increased the fail safe of communication again.Terminal shifts between two states, is transformed into promiscuous mode from general mode when terminal is received the multiple connection grouping; And when terminal is not received the multiple connection grouping within a certain period of time, then switch back general mode from promiscuous mode.
Technique effect of the present invention is, by introducing clean culture multiple connection server, the multiple connection scheme of multiple connection grouping of suitable WLAN and the differentiation scheme of each voiceband user bag of receiving terminal have been provided simultaneously, make method that the present invention proposes can the support net of maximum quantity in the voice user, reduced the packet loss of voice packets on wireless channel, for terminal equipment, this still is a kind of scheme that reduces power consumption in addition.This scheme can directly apply to voice WLAN (wireless local area network) (VoWLAN), and systematic function is greatly improved.
Experiment shows, according to method provided by the invention, promoted in nearly 100% at the capacity that keeps system, and the packet loss of VoIP business has reduced about 10%, and terminal only is in promiscuous mode in the short as far as possible time, reduced the power consumption of terminal.As shown in Figure 4, be the VoIP service delay performance comparison figure under the inventive method and not multiple connection method of tradition that draws by emulation, as can be seen from the figure, the delay performance of method provided by the present invention has obviously improved.As shown in Figure 5, be the packet loss performance comparison figure of VoIP business under clean culture multiple connection method of the present invention and the multicast multiple connection method, equally as can be seen, the guarantor that loses of method provided by the present invention leads and greatly reduces.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the multiple connection method schematic diagram of the multiple connection voice packets in the multicast multiple connection method;
Fig. 2 is based on the multiple connection method schematic diagram of the multiple connection grouping of clean culture;
Fig. 3 is the communication mechanism schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is VoIP service delay performance comparison figure under multiple connection method of the present invention and the not multiple connection method of tradition under the mode of unicast;
Fig. 5 is the packet loss performance comparison figure of VoIP business under clean culture multiple connection method of the present invention and the multicast multiple connection method;
Fig. 6 is the applied environment schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 6, provided the typical environment of an applied VoWLAN of the present invention.Terminal has access to spider lines by AP, and the agreement of WLAN is IEEE802.11.Clean culture multiple connection service is finished the voice packets that router is sent here and is multiplexed to the multiple connection grouping and sends to AP, and AP transmits multiple connection and divides into groups to giving terminal.
For example, provide the configuration of the IP address of following 4 terminals of clean culture multiple connection server and AP:
| The IP address | Subnet mask | |
| Clean culture multiple connection server | 162.105.76.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| Terminal 1 | 162.105.76.111 | 255.255.255.0 |
| Terminal 2 | 162.105.76.112 | 255.255.255.0 |
| Terminal 3 | 162.105.76.113 | 255.255.255.0 |
| Terminal 4 | 162.105.76.114 | 255.255.255.0 |
As setting forth in the summary of the invention, at first, clean culture multiple connection server by certain time interval and multiple connection mode shown in Figure 2, forms the multiple connection grouping with voice packets.Wherein, the time interval is to determine according to the speech business flow of this WLAN, is taken as 10ms in the present embodiment.The implementation procedure of present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 3.Multiple connection forms the multiple connection grouping that has comprised terminal 2,4 in certain time interval 10ms, and the destination address of discerning packet header in the multiple connection grouping is chosen in tabulation according to the dynamic address in the clean culture multiple connection server then.Suppose to have in the present address list address information of terminal 3 and terminal 4, then at first terminal 2 is added into gauge outfit as a new address information, and with its clean culture destination address as identification packet header in this multiple connection grouping, promptly, duplicate the voice packets that sends to terminal 2 IP packet header 2, and the version number field in this packet header is rewritten as " 1111 ", represent that this multiple connection is grouped into a long clean culture voice packets, as identification packet header.The multiple connection that forms after the multiple connection is grouped as follows:
| The MAC head | Identification packet header | |
|
|
|
CRC |
Wherein, MAC head and the CRC multiple connection that is based on whole length is grouped into that a voice packets generates.Then, clean culture multiple connection server is sent to AP with the multiple connection grouping that forms.AP forms the website that mac frame sends to sensing with the multiple connection grouping, is website 2 in the present embodiment, and utilization is ready for sending (RTS) and clear to send (CTS) frame carries out channel booking.After the channel booking success, AP sends this mac frame on the WLAN link.At this moment, the terminal 2,3,4 that is in promiscuous mode all can receive this mac frame.2,3,4 pairs of mac frames that receive of terminal extract multiple connection grouping (voice packets), according to the particular value " 1111 " of the version number that is provided with in the identification packet header, judge this and are grouped into the multiple connection grouping.Then, each terminal is searched one's own voice packets in the multiple connection grouping, and it is extracted, and travels through not find yet after whole multiple connection is divided into groups, and then abandons the multiple connection grouping.Detailed process is that terminal 2,3,4 is at first extracted first IP bag destination address information in packet header and comparing of oneself in the multiple connection grouping, if identical, then finds one's own voice packets, and it is extracted.If inequality, then according to the breath of the bag long letter in the IP packet header, skip to the packet header original position of next IP voice packets, repeat aforesaid operations, until complete multiple connection grouping of traversal.At last, terminal 2,4 has found one's own voice packets, and has lost remaining voice packets; 3 at terminal does not find one's own voice packets, then abandons whole multiple connection grouping.After receiving, reply ACK to AP, confirm this time to transmit correct by the terminal 2 that the mac frame head points to.
Through the regular hour, be made as in the present embodiment 5 seconds, terminal 2,3,4 is never received the multiple connection grouping, end of conversation then, these three terminals are just switched back general mode from promiscuous mode, simultaneously, clean culture multiple connection server is just deleted the destination address of their correspondences owing to do not receive that in 5 seconds destination address is the voice packets of terminal 2,3,4 from table.After certain time interval in, clean culture multiple connection server receives the voice packets of terminal 3, and does not have the voice packets of other-end, this moment, the dynamic address tabulation was for empty, unicast server adds gauge outfit with the destination address of terminal 3, and directly generates the mac frame of this voice packets, sends to terminal 3.The terminal of this moment all is in general mode, therefore has only mac frame terminal pointed 3 to receive this frame, switch to promiscuous mode simultaneously, and terminal 1 voice packets is in general mode owing to all do not receive always, does not therefore receive this multiple connection grouping.
More than describe the present invention in detail by specific embodiment, those skilled in the art will be understood that, in the scope that does not break away from essence of the present invention, can carry out various modifications and distortion (for example can set according to needs), still belong to scope of the present invention being provided with of the time interval that receives voice packets.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of Wireless LAN IP voice transmission method based on clean culture comprises step:
(1) the interior at interval voice packets that arrives of certain hour is in turn connected into a multiple connection grouping, whether the destination address of judging all voice packets is in the dynamic address tabulation, if the destination address that voice packets is arranged not in the dynamic address tabulation, then adds this destination address described dynamic address tabulation gauge outfit; If the destination address of all voice packets all in the dynamic address tabulation, does not then need to add;
(2) from dynamic address list gauge outfit search successively with multiple connection grouping the consistent destination address of destination address of certain voice packets, the IP packet header of this voice packets is duplicated out, and after version field that will be wherein or service field be rewritten into particular value, identification packet header as whole multiple connection grouping moves on to the table tail with this destination address;
(3), transmit this multiple connection grouping by mode of unicast terminal in net according to the MAC Address of determining by identification packet header;
(4) after all were in terminal under the promiscuous mode and receive this multiple connection grouping, the IP header of the voice packets by wherein found out one's own voice packets and transmits to the upper strata, abandons not one's own voice packets.
2, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise step: in specific duration, if the terminal that is under the promiscuous mode is never received voice packets, then this terminal automatically switches to general mode, switches to promiscuous mode when receiving voice packets again.
3, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, also comprises step: in specific duration, if never receive with dynamic address tabulation in the corresponding voice packets of destination address, then this destination address is deleted from dynamic address list.
4, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, from dynamic address list gauge outfit search successively with multiple connection grouping the consistent destination address of destination address of certain voice packets, with the destination address that finds destination address as the multiple connection grouping; This method comprises that also one confirms step: after terminal receives the multiple connection grouping, send the successful affirmation signal of reception with the corresponding terminal of destination address of this multiple connection grouping to access point.
5, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described certain hour is determined according to the speech business flow of WLAN (wireless local area network) at interval.
6, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, finish by clean culture multiple connection server described step (1) and (2).
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| CNB2006100028869A CN100527705C (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2006-02-10 | WLAN VoIP transfer method based on the unicast |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1555160A (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2004-12-15 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Method and device for transmitting network sound in radio local area network |
| CN1661988A (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2005-08-31 | 汤姆森许可贸易公司 | Method of transporting a multipoint stream in a local area network and device for connection implementing the method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1555160A (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2004-12-15 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Method and device for transmitting network sound in radio local area network |
| CN1661988A (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2005-08-31 | 汤姆森许可贸易公司 | Method of transporting a multipoint stream in a local area network and device for connection implementing the method |
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