CN100496751C - Method and device for dehulling separation of flax seed - Google Patents
Method and device for dehulling separation of flax seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN100496751C CN100496751C CNB2006100129380A CN200610012938A CN100496751C CN 100496751 C CN100496751 C CN 100496751C CN B2006100129380 A CNB2006100129380 A CN B2006100129380A CN 200610012938 A CN200610012938 A CN 200610012938A CN 100496751 C CN100496751 C CN 100496751C
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- MJYQFWSXKFLTAY-OVEQLNGDSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3-bis[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]butane-1,4-diol;(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O.C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C[C@@H](CO)[C@H](CO)CC=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 MJYQFWSXKFLTAY-OVEQLNGDSA-N 0.000 title description 4
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Abstract
Disclosed is a method for flax seeds decortication and separation, comprising dehydrading flax seeds to a moisture percentage of 2-4%; feeding same into a rotary centrifugal decortication machine continuously, decorticating the flax seeds to form a mixture of shells and kernels; and separating the shells and kernels mixture through an electrostatic field. An apparatus realizing said method comprises a centrifugal decortication machine, screen means mounted on the discharge side of the centrifugal decortication machine, a convey belt mounted on the discharge side of the screen, and electrostatic absorption means mounted over the discharge terminal of the convey belt front part. The method is provided with continuously industrialization production for large amounts of product, complete seperation of shells and kernels, and high production efficiency to shorten the art time from the flax seeds feeding, decorticating to discharging by 80%, decrease full cost by 50%, and produce no environmental waste materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to decortication of a kind of crops fruit and seed, skin separation method and relevant device, be applicable to the decortication of linseed or similar crops fruit and the method and apparatus that seed benevolence is separated with the shell skin.
Background technology
Linseed is the fruit of a kind of oil crops.Oil content is very high in the seed, and contains the σ-leukotrienes about 48% in the oil, and in large grease crop, its σ-linolenic acid content is the highest.Containing the flax glue about 8% in the shell skin, is unique available natural plant gum resource in the grease crop.Contain a large amount of flax lignanoids in flax grouts, as a kind of phytoestrogen, its content is about 800 times of other crop.Up to now, the processing and utilization of above-mentioned each beneficiating ingredient all is to carry out without decortication or on without the basis that seed, skin separate effectively.Therefore, the yield of above-mentioned various useful compositions is very low.Linseed is flat ellipse, is about 4.8mm, wide about 2.5mm, and thick about 1.1mm, the seed skin accounts for about 45% greatly in the seed gross weight.Because linseed oil content height and shape are special, commonly used roll or the peeling method that rubs can make seed and shell skin stick together makes that seed, the skin after the decortication separates very difficult.Abroad once the someone carried out small-scale linseed decortication and seed, skin separating experiment, but scale only limits to every batch 100 laboratory test about gram, does not form commercial size.Chinese patent 02825044.3 discloses a kind of " components of flaxseed separation method and device ", its mode that adopts is dried linseed to be sent into a separation bin that the corase grind circulator is housed by friction linseed is shelled, form flax seed husk skin and seed benevolence, through screen cloth and/or Gravity Separation mode the shell skin is separated with seed benevolence then.It also needs to feed air-flow and add light material in the storehouse in order to control the flowing velocity of linseed in separation bin.This separation method too complex and be difficult to control.At first linseed is constantly rubbed and squeezing action in separation bin, the grease in the seed benevolence after the shelling can overflow make between the shell skin or shell skin and seed benevolence between stick together and be difficult to further separate.Adopt the mode of in separation bin, sending into air-flow to control relatively difficulty of the flowing velocity of linseed in the storehouse in addition, difficulty more especially takes place under the situation of grease adhesion.Three, it is not high to adopt screen cloth to add the mode separation purity that gravity separates, and also need take further separating measure usually.The 4th, owing to adopt the as above method of more complicated, therefore cause also more complicated of this separation equipment.
A kind of linseed decortication separation method is disclosed by " Hubei Polytichnic College's journal " the 18th volume fifth phase disclosed " multi-functional oilseed decortication systematic research ", it is 3.5-9% that this method is dried to moisture content with linseed, to send into then in the centrifugal peeling machine, make linseed decortication form the mixture of shell skin and seed benevolence, with shell skin and seed benevolence mixture by sieve nest vibrate with the wind-force suspension effect under both separate.This employing wind-force suspended pattern is difficult to control the size of wind-force or wind speed when separating, its separating effect is relatively poor.In addition, equipment or device and the structure thereof that does not have public publish decortication and separation process to adopt in this article.
Chinese invention patent ublic specification of application CN 87105056 A disclose a kind of " method of separating hull and kernel of pine nut and device thereof ", this method adopts electrostatic absorption principle, utilize electrostatic separation plate and the power connection or the disconnection of shuttling movement, produce or the disappearance electrostatic field, reach the purpose of pine nut shell, benevolence separation.
For realizing that the above-mentioned electrostatic field that utilizes reaches the purpose that shell benevolence is separated, the copper clad plate that base plate of this invention employing is an epoxy laminated board is as the electrostatic separation plate, and the alternate layout of positive and negative plate on the plate is joined by brush and copper electrode slide plate and power supply.On the electrostatic separation plate, be provided with one deck polyester-mixed cotton cloth, to increase frictional force and each electrostatic field is played buffer action.The electrostatic separation plate is fixed on the carrier bar that has a wing-shaped plate on the sleeve-barrel roollr carrier chain, separated by a distance with inclination 20-30 degree angle by parts such as pivot pin, floor board framing, extension spring, adjustment screws, and utilizes and adjust screw and adjust.Be assembled in drive sprocket on the frame and driven sprocket drive sealing by motor, small belt pulley, big belt pulley, belt sleeve-barrel roollr carrier chain, thereby make electrostatic separation plate shuttling movement, and pass through contacting and disengaging of carbonaceous brush and copper electrode slide plate, realize the connecting and disconnecting of electrostatic separation plate and power supply.When the carbonaceous brush on the electrostatic separation plate turns to when contacting with the electrode slide plate with carrier chain, power connection, alternating current boosts through transformer, after bridge rectifier and filtering, is transported on the strip electrode of electrostatic separation plate again, makes it to produce electrostatic field.When the broken pine nut that filters out is fallen above the electrostatic separation plate of inclination, under the effect of electrostatic field, the pine nut shell produces stronger polarization, make it charged, the direction of two ends polarization charge is opposite with the electrode direction that produces electrostatic field on the pine nut shell, positive and negative electrode to the effect of polarization charge gravitation under and under the effect of the big frictional force that produces of polyester-mixed cotton cloth, the pine nut shell just is adsorbed.Simultaneously, because of the molecular structure of SEMEN PINI KORAIENSIS different with profile with the pine nut shell, a little less than the polarization of electrostatic field to SEMEN PINI KORAIENSIS, its weight is bigger in addition, so SEMEN PINI KORAIENSIS rolls downwards and falls into receiving magazine, the pine nut shell that adsorbs on the separating plate then turns to when being separated the position with the electrode slide plate with carrier chain, and power supply disconnects, electrostatic field disappears, and the pine nut shell that comes off is fallen in another receiving magazine.Closely be arranged in the polylith electrostatic separation plate on the sleeve-barrel roollr carrier chain,, constantly pine nut shell and SEMEN PINI KORAIENSIS separated fast along with the cycle rotation of carrier bar.
The structure of this device is quite complicated, and power consumption is big, the fault rate height, and result of use is also bad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of fairly simple linseed decortication separation method and decortication back and realize the relevant device of this decortication separation method.Solved the low deficiency of existing method separative efficiency, particularly solved existing separation equipment complex structure, energy consumption is big, fault rate height, the deficiency that separative efficiency is low.
Linseed decortication separation method of the present invention mainly comprises the steps:
A, linseed is dried to moisture content is 2-4%;
B, dried linseed is continuously sent in the centrifugal peeling machine that is rotating, made the linseed decortication form the mixture of shell skin and seed benevolence;
C, will carry out pre-separation through double-deck screen cloth separation equipment through shell skin and the seed benevolence mixture after the decortication of centrifugal peeling machine, wherein the upper strata screen cloth adopts 10-15 order mesh screen cloth, lower screen employing 24-40 order mesh screen cloth;
D, continuously by an electrostatic field that is made of roller conveyer belt end static roller both are separated with seed benevolence mixture the shell skin, the electrostatic potential of described electrostatic field is ten thousand volts of 0.3-1.5.
Described linseed decortication separation method, wherein the electrostatic potential of electrostatic field is ten thousand volts of 0.4-1.2.
A kind of equipment of realizing described linseed decortication separation method, it is characterized in that this equipment comprises centrifugal peeling machine, exit side at centrifugal peeling machine is connected to screen cloth equipment, exit side at screen cloth equipment is connected to conveyer belt, above the anterior blanking end of conveyer belt, electrostatic adsorption device is arranged, described electrostatic adsorption device is a roller conveyer belt, and its medial end portions electrostatic roller tube links to each other with electrostatic generator by cable.
Described a kind of equipment of realizing linseed decortication separation method, it is characterized in that described screen cloth equipment is two-layer, wherein the upper strata screen cloth adopts 10-15 order mesh screen cloth, corresponding first conveyer belt of screen cloth exit side, lower screen adopts 24-40 order mesh screen cloth, corresponding second conveyer belt of screen cloth exit side.
Linseed decortication separation method of the present invention and equipment have adopted centrifugal peeling method, make the linseed decortication realize continuous a large amount of industrialization operation.Owing to adopted electrostatic separating method, it is comparatively thorough to make that the shell skin separates with seed benevolence, detects according to the scene, and in 3-4%, the seed benevolence amount in the shell skin charging conduit is then less than 1% at seed benevolence charging conduit mesochite skin amount.Owing to adopted above-mentioned centrifugal decortication and electrostatic separating method, make this process extremely simple, and efficient is high especially, linseed has shortened 80% from charging decortication to the process time of separating discharging.Whole cost has descended 50%, and does not produce any environment waste material.
Equipment of the present invention makes the entire equipment system become very simple owing to adopted centrifugal dejacketer and pulley type electrostatic separating device, and energy consumption and fault rate reduce greatly, and efficient has improved 3-4 doubly.Having adopted up and down, the different screen cloth equipment in two layer screen aperture makes separative efficiency improve.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an equipment flowsheet of the present invention
Fig. 2 is an electrostatic adsorption device operation schematic diagram
The centrifugal peeling machine 3-of 1-drying box 2-hopper 4-quickens the broken seed gatherer 19-electrostatic generator 20-cable 21-driving wheel 22-transport tape 23-shell skin gatherer in the rotating cylinder 5-speed regulator 7-upper strata screen cloth 8-lower screen 9-powder catcher 10-first conveyer belt 11-first driving wheel 12-first driven pulley 13-, the second conveyer belt 14-, the second driving wheel 15-, second driven pulley 16-static roller 17-seed benevolence gatherer 18-end among the figure
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in detail.
Linseed decortication of the present invention and separation method need earlier linseed to be dried to moisture content 1-5%, if moisture content is lower than 1%, then drying cost can increase, and is higher than at 5% o'clock, and the decortication effect is poorer slightly.Therefore, the scope of getting 1-5% is mainly considered from the economical rationality factor.According to experimental result, getting moisture content all is more rational in the scope of 2-4% from economy or technical standpoint, drying means can adopt air dry or artificial drying all can, the present invention has adopted air dry to add the artificial drying mode, under field conditions (factors) linseed is dried to moisture content below 10%, sends into drying box then and carry out drying, baking temperature 120-160 ℃, about about 10-20 of time minute, the operation of can peeling that moisture content is lower than at 5% o'clock.
Dried linseed is continuously sent in the centrifugal peeling machine that is rotating, made the linseed decortication form the mixture (wherein having only the proteins in flax seeds of not finishing the decortication task on a small quantity) of shell skin and seed benevolence.The input speed of linseed is the 100-200 kilogram per hour, and this is main relevant with the size of peeling machine.
Can directly carry out electrostatic separation from the shell skin and the seed benevolence mixture of peeling machine output, preferred way is to sieve earlier, and powder separation is gone out.Perhaps can adopt the multilayer screen cloth, carry out pre-separation such as the screen cloth in two-layer different apertures.
By an electrostatic field both are separated with seed benevolence mixture the shell skin.The electrostatic potential of described electric field is ten thousand volts of 0.3-1.5, preferably selects ten thousand volts of voltages of 0.4-1.2 for use, can reach desirable separating effect, and power consumption is also little.Select the upper bound or lower bound mainly to decide on the size of linseed degree of drying and seed or shell skin.Flax seed husk skin and seed benevolence mixture are continuously passed through electrostatic field, with the sucking-off from mixture of shell skin, promptly reach the separation purpose by static.
Linseed of the present invention decortication and separation equipment as shown in Figure 1, material drying case 1 drying after cleaning drops to below 5% the moisture content of linseed, is preferably in 2-4%.Seed comes out to enter in the acceleration rotating cylinder 4 the centrifugal off line by hopper 3 from drying box 1, on the barrel of above-mentioned acceleration rotating cylinder 4 circular hole is arranged, the interior proteins in flax seeds of acceleration rotating cylinder that enters rotation at a high speed is being accelerated in by barrel motion process around the middle mind-set, from the circular hole of barrel, penetrate at a high speed then, collide with centrifugal peeling machine inner walls, dry and hard linseed shell is hit to be split, and the shell skin separates with seed benevolence.The rotating speed that quickens rotating cylinder can be adjusted continuously by speed regulator 5 between 2000-3500 rev/min.Shell skin after the decortication and seed benevolence mixture are admitted on the vibratory sieve and sieve, and vibratory sieve is obliquely installed, and the inclination angle is adjustable between 1-8 degree, does reciprocating type screen campaign under the effect of vibrating motor, and material is sieved.The present invention has adopted the vibratory sieve that is made of two-layer screen cloth, upper strata screen cloth 7 is different with lower screen 8 apertures, wherein upper strata screen cloth 7 adopts 10-15 purpose nets, broken shell skin and powder is fallen and whole grain of will not peel and the whole skin of peeling sift out and fall on first conveyer belt 10.Lower screen 8 adopts 24-30 purpose nets, broken shell skin is sifted out fall on second conveyer belt 13, makes powder leak down to fall into powder gatherer 9.First conveyer belt 10 is supported by first driving wheel 11 and driven pulley 12, second conveyer belt 13 is supported by second driving wheel 14 and second driven pulley 15, driving wheel 11 and 14 is driven through reducing gear by motor, driven pulley 12 and 15 and static roller 16 between distance usually between 3-7cm, regulate by adjuster during operation.Form by the whole grain and the whole skin of not decortication from the mixed material that upper strata screen cloth 7 is delivered on first conveyer belt 10, after 16 absorption of static roller, whole skin is sucked away, and whole seed is fallen in the whole seed gatherer 17 below first conveyer belt 10, sends into centrifugal peeling machine again and peels.The mixed material of delivering on second conveyer belt 13 from lower screen 8 is the seed benevolence except that whole seed and powder, the mixed material of broken shell skin, and after electrostatic drum absorption, broken shell skin is sucked away, and seed benevolence falls into the seed benevolence gatherer 18 below second conveyer belt 13.The static that electrostatic generator 19 is received static in the static roller 16 by cable 20 is online, and static roller 16 is driven by driving wheel 21, and the transport tape of being made by insulating materials 22 connects between the two.After electrostatic generator 19 energisings, just produce static on the static roller 16, the static roller rotates counterclockwise, shell skin in the material that transport tape (10,13) is sent here be adsorbed onto with roll the conveyer belt 22 that roller links to each other on, when the part of transport tape 22 absorption shell skins leaves the static roller, Electrostatic Absorption power weakens, and the shell skin that is adsorbed on the transport tape 22 falls into shell skin gatherer 23.
200 kilograms of embodiment 1 proteins in flax seeds are dried to moisture content 4%, send into centrifugal peeling machine by the speed of 2 kilograms of per minutes, quicken the radius 15Cm of rotating cylinder 4, high 50cm, the equidistant circular hole that is shaped on four diameter 12mm of sustained height on barrel, 2500 rev/mins of rotating cylinder rotating speeds.Centrifugal peeling machine shell radius 50cm.Peeling rate reaches 60%.Upper strata screen cloth 12 orders of screen cloth equipment, lower screen 36 orders.8000 volts of static roller voltages.Shell skin and seed benevolence separation rate reach 97%.
200 kilograms of embodiment 2 proteins in flax seeds are dried to moisture content 2%, send into centrifugal peeling machine by the speed of 2 kilograms of per minutes, quicken the radius 15Cm of rotating cylinder 4, high 50cm, the equidistant circular hole that is shaped on four diameter 12mm of sustained height on barrel, 3500 rev/mins of rotating cylinder rotating speeds.Centrifugal peeling machine shell radius 50Cm, peeling rate reaches 65%.Upper strata screen cloth 10 orders of screen cloth equipment, lower screen 40 orders.6000 volts of static roller voltages.Shell skin and seed benevolence separation rate reach 98.5%.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of linseed decortication separation method mainly comprises the steps:
A, linseed is dried to moisture content is 2-4%;
B, dried linseed is continuously sent in the centrifugal peeling machine that is rotating, made the linseed decortication form the mixture of shell skin and seed benevolence;
C, will carry out pre-separation through double-deck screen cloth separation equipment through shell skin and the seed benevolence mixture after the decortication of centrifugal peeling machine, wherein the upper strata screen cloth adopts 10-15 order mesh screen cloth, lower screen employing 24-40 order mesh screen cloth;
D, continuously by an electrostatic field that is made of roller conveyer belt end static roller both are separated with seed benevolence mixture the shell skin, the electrostatic potential of described electrostatic field is ten thousand volts of 0.3-1.5.
2, according to the linseed decortication separation method of claim 1, the electrostatic potential that it is characterized in that described electrostatic field is ten thousand volts of 0.4-1.2.
3, a kind of equipment of realizing claim 1 or 2 described linseed decortication separation methods, it is characterized in that this equipment comprises centrifugal peeling machine (2), exit side at centrifugal peeling machine is connected to screen cloth equipment, exit side at screen cloth equipment is connected to conveyer belt (10,13), above the anterior blanking end of conveyer belt, electrostatic adsorption device is arranged, described electrostatic adsorption device is a roller conveyer belt, and its medial end portions electrostatic roller tube (16) links to each other with electrostatic generator (19) by cable.
4, realize the equipment of linseed decortication separation method according to claim 3 a kind of, it is characterized in that described screen cloth equipment is two-layer, wherein upper strata screen cloth (7) adopts 10-15 order mesh screen cloth, corresponding first conveyer belt (10) of screen cloth exit side, lower screen (8) adopts 24-40 order mesh screen cloth, corresponding second conveyer belt (13) of screen cloth exit side.
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| CNB2006100129380A CN100496751C (en) | 2006-07-10 | 2006-07-10 | Method and device for dehulling separation of flax seed |
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| CNB2006100129380A CN100496751C (en) | 2006-07-10 | 2006-07-10 | Method and device for dehulling separation of flax seed |
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| CN100496751C true CN100496751C (en) | 2009-06-10 |
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