CN100477641C - Data dispatching method of stream medium request broadcast system - Google Patents

Data dispatching method of stream medium request broadcast system Download PDF

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CN100477641C
CN100477641C CNB2006100195255A CN200610019525A CN100477641C CN 100477641 C CN100477641 C CN 100477641C CN B2006100195255 A CNB2006100195255 A CN B2006100195255A CN 200610019525 A CN200610019525 A CN 200610019525A CN 100477641 C CN100477641 C CN 100477641C
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data
node
time
dispatching
partner
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CN1901504A (en
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金海�
廖小飞
王福臣
程斌
殷江培
赵斗斗
王浩
周怡
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

This invention discloses a datas dispatching method in a flow media broadcast-selection system, in which, the nodes carryout the following steps: 1, obtaining all data needed for dispatch in the data buffer region, 2, computing the overtime of all data in the dispatched data set, 3, computing the initial value of the dispatch bandwidth and that of the current service ability of all fellow nodes, 4, judging if the time interval of the current and the time tested of the data buffer region last time is greater than the dispatch period, 5, taking out a datum to be dispatched in the set, 6, judging if the overtime is greater than the dispatch period, 6, judging if the overtime of the data is greater than the system current time, 7, dispatching the data to a certain fellow node adaptively, 8, sending the data request to a video server, 9, judging if there are data needed to be dispatched in the buffer region, 10, judging if the play is finished.

Description

A kind of data dispatching method of demand stream media system
Technical field
The invention belongs to computer streaming media service technical field, relate to peer-to-peer network and the crossing domain that the streaming media on demand technology combines, be specifically related to a kind of data dispatching method of demand stream media system.
Background technology
Traditional based on the streaming media on demand service system under " server-client " pattern in, the media video of user's program request is left concentratedly on a video server.When the user of program request increased gradually, the load of video server sharply increased, and the available resources of server, the particularly network bandwidth become the bottleneck of system.When the service ability of video server reaches in limited time, just can not be that other users serve again, the scale of system is also corresponding to be restricted, so the demand stream media system of traditional mode does not have good expandability.
In recent years, along with the rise of peer-to-peer network technology, the system that the mode that the peer-to-peer network technology is combined with stream media technology has solved tradition " server-client " pattern gets poor expandability, the deficiency that service ability is limited.In the demand stream media system based on peer-to-peer network, each peer node all can the buffer memory video data, and the user of the same video of program request is many more, and data redundant on the network are just many more.The user of each program request can make full use of the resource of other user nodes in the peer-to-peer network, particularly network bandwidth resources, obtains data from these users.Like this, the load of the server of video will reduce.The performance of whole system and extensibility just also can improve.
At present, VOD system based on peer-to-peer network has P2VOD (T.Do, K.A.Hua, and M.Tantaoui. " P2VoD:providing fault tolerant video-on-demandstreaming in peer-to-peer environment ", in Proc.of IEEE ICC ' 04, Paris, France, Jun.2004.) and P2Cast (Y.Guo, K.Suh, J.Kurose, andD.Towsley. " P2Cast:Peer-to-peer Patching Scheme for VoD Service ", in Proc.of the 12th World Wide Web Conference (WWW ' 03), Budapest, Hungary, May 2003.) or the like.They utilize node resource in the peer-to-peer network well to solve the bottleneck problem of video server, but they also exist common shortcoming, be that the topological organizational form that system adopts is a tree, this topological organizational form, at first very complicated in the maintenance of topology, secondly each user has only an ISP, can not well utilize the resource in the peer-to-peer network.Be convenient to safeguard and have based on structureless topological structure, each node can have a plurality of ISPs that the advantage of data is provided, but in based on the VOD system of non-structure peer-to-peer network, also exist and need the urgent problem that solves: when the data of request have a plurality of partner nodes to provide data, the reasonable distribution of how to dispatch, and make full use of the resource of these nodes; How to make data avoid being dispatched to video server for the load that reduces server as far as possible.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of data dispatching method of demand stream media system, this method has solved the scheduling problem that data are provided to individual node simultaneously based on a plurality of partner nodes under the non-structure peer to peer environment.
The data dispatching method of a kind of demand stream media system provided by the invention, arbitrary node A carries out data dispatch according to following steps in the system:
(1) node A obtains needs all data S of dispatching in the data buffer zone i, i=1,2 ..., r, all data S iConstitute the data dispatching S set; R is the number of data in the data dispatching S set;
(2) node A calculates all the data S in the data dispatching S set iTime-out time T Mi
(3) node A calculates all partner node P jScheduling bandwidth W jInitial value W 0jWith current service ability C jInitial value C 0j, W 0j=R/k, j=1 wherein, 2 ..., k, k are the number of the partner node of A; R is the stream bit rate of video; C 0j=W j* T e, T eBe dispatching cycle;
(4) node A judges that whether current time in system and data buffer zone were scheduled the interval of time of checking last time greater than T dispatching cycle e, if enter step (5); Otherwise enter step (10);
(5) node A takes out the data S of the needs scheduling of data dispatch collection S i, the initial value of i is 1; If all partner node P of A jThe data buffer zone in have data S iThe number of partner node greater than 0, j=1,2 ..., k, then execution in step (7); Otherwise, enter step (6);
(6) node A judgment data S iTime-out time T MiWhether greater than the current time in system, if then enter step (8), otherwise enter step (9);
(7) node A according to step (7.1)-(7.3) with data S iAdaptive scheduling is to the partner node of current service ability value maximum;
(7.1) node A adjusts the partner node P of A jScheduling bandwidth W j, j=1 wherein, 2 ..., k;
(7.2) node A calculated data S iThe service ability G that needs consumption i, G i=L i+ H, wherein, L iBe data S iSize, the size in encapsulated data packet packet header when H is transfer of data;
(7.3) node A is with data S iBe dispatched to the partner node P of current service ability value maximum in the partner node of node A b, 1≤b≤k, and revise partner node P bCurrent service ability C b, make C b=C b-G iEnter step (9);
(8) node A sends data S to video server iRequest, enter step (9);
(9) make i=i+1, judge whether i＞r,, otherwise enter step (5) if enter step (10);
(10) whether decision node A plays end, if then finish, otherwise get back to step (4).
Above-mentioned steps (2) adopts following formula (I) or (II) calculates time-out time T Mi:
T Mi=T Ui-T, wherein, i=1,2 ..., r (I)
T Mi=T Ui-T+ Δ T, wherein, i=1,2 ..., r (II),
Wherein, T UiBe data S iPosition in video media file, T is current reproduction time, Δ T is the time-out time amount trimmed.
Above-mentioned steps (7.1) adopts following process to adjust the partner node P of A jScheduling bandwidth W j:
(B1) node A obtains partner node P jSuccessful continuously times N of dispatching j
(B2) judge the times N that success is continuously dispatched jWhether greater than N a, N aFor the fiducial value of the continuous successful number of times of dispatching, if then enter step (B3), otherwise enter step (B4);
(B3) make W j=W j+ Δ W, Δ w is the bandwidth change constant, enters step (7.2);
(B4) make W j=W j-Δ W, Δ w is the bandwidth change constant, enters step (7.2).
Dispatching method of the present invention by the scheduling bandwidth of self adaptation adjustment partner node, makes full use of the resource of node in the peer-to-peer network, the load that has alleviated video service servers.Particularly, the present invention has following feature:
(1) stability
When a plurality of partner nodes can provide data for node A, the resource that can make full use of each partner node is obtained data, when some partner nodes left or can not provide data, node A can also obtain data from other partner node, has guaranteed the stability of video playback.
(2) adaptivity
Be not quite similar for node A provides the service ability of the partner node of data, the variation of the service ability that dispatching method of the present invention can the self adaptation partner node is constantly adjusted.
(3) load balancing
Node A can make full use of the resource of each partner node, in the process of data dispatching, considers the service ability of each partner node, does balanced data allocations, has guaranteed the load balancing between the partner node.
(4) extensibility
Node A is having under the situation of partner node data dispatch to partner node, have only when data in partner node, do not exist or the overtime ability of data dispatch with data dispatch to video server, reduce the load of video server, thereby improved the extensibility of system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the general flow chart of dispatching method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of adaptive scheduling of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example.
As shown in Figure 1, arbitrary node A carries out data dispatch according to following steps in the demand stream media system:
(1) node A obtains needs all data S of dispatching in the data buffer zone i, i=1,2 ..., r, all data S iConstitute the data dispatching S set; R is the number of data in the data dispatching S set.
(2) node A calculates all the data S in the data dispatching S set iTime-out time T Mi
Data S iTime-out time T MiWith the position T of these data in video media file UiRelevant with current reproduction time T, employing formula (I) or (II) calculating:
T Mi=T Ui-T, wherein, i=1,2 ..., r (I)
T Mi=T Ui-T+ Δ T, wherein, i=1,2 ..., r (II)
Δ T is the time-out time amount trimmed, by system decision is set, and value is for being-5-+5 usually.
(3) node A calculates its all partner node P jScheduling bandwidth W jInitial value W 0jWith current service ability C jInitial value C 0j, j=1 wherein, 2 ..., k, k are the number of the partner node of A.
" partner " node is meant the node that has the required data of node A in " neighbours " node, and promptly the current reproduction time T of node A satisfies T 1＜T＜T 2, T wherein 1Be the original position of " neighbours " nodal cache data, T 2Be its final position." neighbours " node is meant that the difference of reproduction time of its reproduction time and node A is less than the node of benchmark reproduction time difference.It is poor that system sets a benchmark reproduction time according to the buffer memory capacity of node, and common scope is 100 seconds-600 seconds.
Partner node P jScheduling bandwidth W jRelevant with the performance of its machine with actual available upstream bandwidth, its initial value W 0jDetermine by the stream bit rate R of video and the number k of partner node, be calculated as follows:
W 0j＝R/k
Partner node P jCurrent service ability C jRelevant with available upstream bandwidth, its initial value C 0jBy scheduling bandwidth W jWith T dispatching cycle eDecision is calculated as follows:
C 0j＝W j*T e
Dispatching cycle T eIn the time interval of the system that is meant double inspection data buffer zone, relevant with the hardware configuration and the network bandwidth of node, value is 10-20 second usually.
(4) node A judges that whether current time in system and data buffer zone were scheduled the interval of time of checking last time greater than T dispatching cycle e, if enter step (5); Otherwise enter step (10).
(5) node A takes out the data S of the needs scheduling of data dispatch collection S i, the initial value of i is 1.If all partner node P of A j, j=1,2 ..., there is data S in k in its data buffer zone iThe number of partner node greater than 0, execution in step (7) then; Otherwise, enter step (6).
(6) node A judgment data S iTime-out time T MiWhether greater than the current time in system, if then enter step (8), otherwise enter step (9).
(7) node A is with data S iAdaptive scheduling is to the partner node of current service ability value maximum, and concrete steps are as follows:
(7.1) node A adjusts partner node P jScheduling bandwidth W j, j=1 wherein, 2 ..., k, concrete steps are as follows:
(B1) node A obtains partner node P jSuccessful continuously times N of dispatching j
Previous dispatching cycle interior nodes A to partner node P jAll request of data of initiating, these data all can both be from partner node P before following one-period arrives jObtain, the present invention is called successfully scheduling.
(B2) judge the successfully times N of scheduling jWhether greater than N a, N aBe the fiducial value of successful scheduling times, be provided with relevantly by system that usually value is 5-7.If then enter step (B3), otherwise enter step (B4).
(B3) make W j=W j+ Δ W, Δ W are the bandwidth change constant, are provided with relevantly by system, and usually value is 32-64, enters step (7.2).
(B4) make W j=W j-Δ W enters step (7.2).
(7.2) node A calculated data S iThe service ability G that needs consumption i, be calculated as follows:
G i＝L i+H；
Wherein, L iBe data S iSize, the size in encapsulated data packet packet header when H is transfer of data, by program transmission control protocol decision, value is the 20-30 byte usually.
(7.3) the partner node P of node A current service ability value maximum in its partner node b, request msg S i, 1≤b≤k, and revise this partner node P bCurrent service ability C b, C b=C b-G i, enter step (9);
(8) node A sends data S to video server iRequest, enter step (9).
(9) i=i+1 judges whether i＞r, if enter step (10), otherwise enters step (5).
(10) whether decision node A plays end, if then finish, otherwise get back to step (4).
Example:
Utilize data dispatching method in the peer-to-peer network set forth in the present invention, the laboratory provides 1 video server, and the logical PC node of 10 Daeporis.Table 1 is the hardware configuration of video server and PC:
Machine name CPU Internal memory Hard disk The network bandwidth
Video server PIIII 2.0G 2G 300G 100M
PC 1-10 PIIII 1.7G 256M 40G 10M
Table 1
PC 1-10 is called node 1, node 2 ... node 10.These 10 nodes are watched same video, and video code rate is 500 (units: kb/s).The value of dispatching cycle is 10 seconds.In certain moment, we choose node 1 observed data scheduling situation, and this moment, node 1 had 5 partner nodes, and these 5 partner nodes are respectively nodes 2, node 4, node 5, node 7, node 10.Initial schedule bandwidth=the video code rate of each partner node/partner node number=500/5=100 (unit: kb/s).When calculating the service ability that the data of scheduling need consume, the size of transmission controlling packets is 25 bytes.The Δ W value of using when adjusting scheduling bandwidth is 32, and the fiducial value Na value of successful scheduling times is 5.By through several dispatching cycles, present node 2,4,5,7,10 scheduling bandwidth is respectively: 132,132,196,228,164 (units: kb/s).Node 1 calculates the current service ability of these several partner nodes:
Partner node 2 service ability=132kb/s*10s/8=165KB
Partner node 4 service ability=132kb/s*10s/8=165KB
Partner node 5 service ability=196kb/s*10s/8=245KB
Partner node 7 service ability=228kb/s*10s/8=285KB
Partner node 10 service ability=164kb/s*10s/8=205KB
Content shown in the table 2 is the current data dispatching collection S of node 1, the size of data and in the situation that exists of partner node.Last classifies the distribution condition of the data that obtain by dispatching method of the present invention as.
Data Size of data (unit: KB) The partner node that has these data The data allocations situation
S1 70 2，4，5，7，10 Node 7
S2 60 2，10 Node 10
S3 50 4，7 Node 7
S4 80 2，4，5，10 Node 5
S5 75 2，4，10 Node 4
S6 60 4，7，10 Node 5
S7 80 5，7，10 Node 7
S8 70 Do not have Video server
S9 80 2 Node 2
Table 2
Through repeatedly test, each node in the peer-to-peer network all adopts data dispatching method of the present invention, and each node can both make full use of the resource of partner node, and accomplishes the scheduling of load balancing, reduce the pressure of video server simultaneously, improved the performance of whole system.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of data dispatching method of demand stream media system, arbitrary node A carries out data dispatch according to following steps in the system:
(1) node A obtains needs all data S of dispatching in the data buffer zone i, i=1,2 ..., r, all data S iConstitute the data dispatching S set; R is the number of data in the data dispatching S set;
(2) node A calculates all the data S in the data dispatching S set iTime-out time T Mi
(3) node A calculates all partner node P jScheduling bandwidth W jInitial value W 0jWith current service ability C jInitial value C 0j, W 0j=R/k, j=1 wherein, 2 ..., k, k are the number of the partner node of A; R is the stream bit rate of video; C 0j=W j* T e, T eBe dispatching cycle;
(4) node A judges that whether current time in system and data buffer zone were scheduled the interval of time of checking last time greater than T dispatching cycle e, if enter step (5); Otherwise enter step (10);
(5) node A takes out the data S of the needs scheduling of data dispatch collection S i, the initial value of i is 1; If all partner node P of A jThe data buffer zone in have data S iThe number of partner node greater than 0, j=1,2 ..., k, then execution in step (7); Otherwise, enter step (6);
(6) node A judgment data S iTime-out time T MiWhether greater than the current time in system, if then enter step (8), otherwise enter step (9);
(7) node A according to step (7.1)-(7.3) with data S iAdaptive scheduling is to the partner node of current service ability value maximum;
(7.1) node A adjusts the partner node P of A jScheduling bandwidth W j, j=1 wherein, 2 ..., k;
(7.2) node A calculated data S iThe service ability G that needs consumption i, G i=L i+ H, wherein, L iBe data S iSize, the size in encapsulated data packet packet header when H is transfer of data;
(7.3) node A is with data S iBe dispatched to the partner node P of current service ability value maximum in the partner node of node A b, 1≤b≤k, and revise partner node P bCurrent service ability C b, make C b=C b-G iEnter step (9);
(8) node A sends data S to video server iRequest, enter step (9);
(9) make i=i+1, judge whether i＞r,, otherwise enter step (5) if enter step (10);
(10) whether decision node A plays end, if then finish, otherwise get back to step (4).
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step (2) employing formula (I) or formula (II) are calculated time-out time T Mi:
T Mi=T Ui-T, wherein, i=1,2 ..., r (I)
T Mi=T Ui-T+ Δ T, wherein, i=1,2 ..., r (II),
Wherein, T UiBe data S iPosition in video media file, T is current reproduction time, Δ T is the time-out time amount trimmed.
3, method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: step (7.1) adopts following process to adjust the partner node P of A jScheduling bandwidth W j:
(B1) node A obtains partner node P jSuccessful continuously times N of dispatching j
(B2) judge the times N that success is continuously dispatched jWhether greater than N a, N aFor the fiducial value of the continuous successful number of times of dispatching, if then enter step (B3), otherwise enter step (B4);
(B3) make W j=W j+ Δ W, Δ w is the bandwidth change constant, enters step (7.2);
(B4) make W j=W j-Δ W, Δ w is the bandwidth change constant, enters step (7.2).
CNB2006100195255A 2006-06-30 2006-06-30 Data dispatching method of stream medium request broadcast system Expired - Fee Related CN100477641C (en)

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