CN100465637C - Wireless monitoring device for oxygen content in essential safety energy-saving type coke-oven gas - Google Patents
Wireless monitoring device for oxygen content in essential safety energy-saving type coke-oven gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN100465637C CN100465637C CNB2006101129903A CN200610112990A CN100465637C CN 100465637 C CN100465637 C CN 100465637C CN B2006101129903 A CNB2006101129903 A CN B2006101129903A CN 200610112990 A CN200610112990 A CN 200610112990A CN 100465637 C CN100465637 C CN 100465637C
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Abstract
This invention relates to one energy saving coke-oven gas oxygen volume wireless monitoring device in the oxygen gas testing technique field. The device comprises filter, electron chemical oxygen sensor, filter amplifier, single machine, wireless data receiving and sending module and power supply module down level machine and the upper machine composed of wireless data receiving data module and connected computer or single machine, wherein, the filter device sampling end is connected to the measurement of sensor; the senor is connected to the filter amplifier connected to the single machine; the single machine is connected to the wireless data receiving and sending module; the power supply module is separately connected to the filter amplifier, single machine, wireless module power end and earth line; the filter device gas-in end is connected to the exit mouth of the coke oven.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oxygen level detection technique field, be used for the on-line monitoring of metallurgical industry production run coke-oven gas oxygen level, specially refer to the structural design of Sefe antiexplosion and energy-saving type wireless monitor system.
Background technology
In recent years, along with developing rapidly of metallurgical industry, produce a large amount of coke-oven gas.Coke-oven gas is the secondary product of coking product, be meant with several bituminous coal and be made into coal for coking, in coke oven behind high temperature carbonization, resulting inflammable gas in output coke and tar product, its constituent is mainly hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen etc.Generally speaking, in the coke-oven gas, the ratio of hydrogen can be up to 60%, and the ratio of methane also can reach about 20%.
The three elements of burning or blast are combustible, oxidizer and temperature.Oxygen is one of Main Ingredients and Appearance of air, any link in the production run is dealt with improperly, all may introduce oxygen in coke-oven gas, and oxygen content surpasses 2% in the coke-oven gas, to very likely explosion caused accident, the serious harm people's safety of life and property.And because the diffusivity that gas itself exists, after leaking, externally under the wind action, combustible gas cognition spreads rapidly along ground surface, forms combustion explosion or poisons the explosive area, enlarges hazard area.This class accident have sudden strong, diffusion rapidly, characteristics such as the rescue difficulty is big, damaging range is wide.
So, oxygen content in the coke-oven gas is monitored in real time, when exceeding standard, oxygen content in time reports to the police, take correct method of disposal, reduce and leak the accident that causes, be the necessary condition that guarantees that industrial safety is produced.
The method that is used for the detection of coke-oven gas amount of oxygen at present mainly contains formula eudiometry difficult to understand, magnetic oxygen analytic approach and electrochemical sensor method.Formula eudiometry difficult to understand is a kind of artificial chemical analysis method, can Analysis for CO
2, O
2, gas such as CO percentage composition, its principle is that a certain amount of analyzed gas is contacted with the absorbing agent that can absorb single composition successively, calculates the content of gas componant from the volume differences that absorbs.Wherein oxygen is with pyrogallic acid (C
6H
3(OH)
3) the aqueous slkali absorption.Formula analytic approach difficult to understand needs artificial preparation absorbing agent, obtains gas from the scene with air bag and delivers to the laboratory again and carry out chemical reaction.Gas absorption operation will repeatedly repeat, and analyzes the time spent more than 5 minutes at every turn, and the sample interval is short then 1 hour, and is long then 2 days.Therefore be unsuitable for monitoring and on-line measurement in real time.Paramagnetic formula oxygen content automatic analyzer is the online oxygen monitoring method that some large enterprises use, and has utilized the high characteristics of the magnetic susceptibility of oxygen more than other gases.Its precision is higher, serviceable life is longer, but price is more expensive.And, needing the power power voltage supply because this analyser is a set of equipment independently, the explosion prevention function imperfection is not suitable for field experiment.Need from electrical tar precipitator, draw long gas piping during measurement, both prolong lag time, cause the obstruction of gas circuit again easily measuring.Because coke-oven gas has combustibility and toxicity, magnetic oxygen instrument need be placed on the indoor of ventilation, and this has also limited the application of this sensor.Electrochemical sensor because of its precision height, good reproducibility, reaction time short and easy to use or the like factor doted on by vast researcher always.
The technology of electrochemistry oxygen gas sensor and product be comparative maturity also, but is used for the portable gas measurement mechanism more, and the online testing product that is used for dangerous situation is less.Typical in the market product is the XPO-318E (referring to http://www.instrument-china.net/instrument/849/instrument208838 6_1.asp) that Japanese COSMOS company produces.This product adopts 3 liquid crystal digital modes to show, in pointing accuracy ± 0.3vol%.The oxygen level of coke-oven gas detects and belongs to the detection of low concentration oxygen level, and oxygen concentration is generally about 1～2%, so require very high to sensor accuracy.The oxygen resolution of the AO2 sensor of CityTech company is 0.01%, can satisfy the demand that oxygen level detects in the coke-oven gas well.And XPO-318E utilizes 4 No. 5 dry cell power supplies, has reduced the reliability of safety detection.In addition,, belong to the hazardous area, be not easy to the staff and often come and go detection, can not carry out wireless monitor to low concentration oxygen level in the coke-oven gas incessantly because the coke-oven gas location is explosion-proof district.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the weak point of prior art, a kind of wireless monitoring device for oxygen content in essential safety energy-saving type coke-oven gas is proposed, form by slave computer and host computer, mode by wireless data transmission, slave computer is placed near the gas sampling point, thereby shorten the reaction time that oxygen content is changed, can accurately, promptly transmit the oxygen content signal, and guarantee the safe, energy-conservation of signal measurement.Can monitor in real time the oxygen level in the coke-oven gas.
A kind of wireless monitoring device for oxygen content in essential safety energy-saving type coke-oven gas that the present invention proposes, it is characterized in that, comprise by filtrator, the electric chemical formula oxygen sensor, filter amplifier, single-chip microcomputer, slave computer that wireless data transceiver module and supply module are formed and the host computer of forming by wireless data transceiver module and coupled microcomputer or single-chip microcomputer, the annexation of slave computer each several part is: the sampling end of filtration unit links to each other with the electrochemical transducer[sensor measuring junction, electrochemical transducer[sensor links to each other with filter amplifier, filter amplifier links to each other with single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer links to each other with wireless data transceiver module, supply module respectively with filter amplifier, single-chip microcomputer, the power end of wireless module links to each other with ground wire, and the inlet end of this filtration unit links to each other with detected coke-oven emission mouth.
Characteristics of the present invention and effect:
The present invention is made up of slave computer and host computer, and the mode by wireless data transmission can be used for the hazardous area, does not need the staff often to come and go and detects, and can carry out wireless monitor to low concentration oxygen level in the coke-oven gas incessantly.
The present invention is placed on slave computer near the gas sampling point, thereby shortens the reaction time that oxygen content is changed, by the mode of wireless data transmission, can accurately, promptly transmit the oxygen content signal, and the approach of convenience, safety is provided for the industrial data collection.And slave computer can guarantee safe, energy-conservation, the long-time online detection of signal measurement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the wireless monitoring device for oxygen content in essential safety energy-saving type coke-oven gas block diagram.
Fig. 2 amplifies and the filtering circuit schematic diagram for signal.
Fig. 3 is a Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program process flow diagram in the slave computer.
Fig. 4 is a Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program process flow diagram in the host computer portable set.
Embodiment
The present invention has designed a kind of wireless monitoring device for oxygen content in essential safety energy-saving type coke-oven gas, is described in detail as follows in conjunction with each drawings and Examples:
Composition of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, comprise by filtrator, the electric chemical formula oxygen sensor, filter amplifier, single-chip microcomputer, slave computer that wireless data transceiver module and supply module are formed and the host computer of forming by wireless data transceiver module and coupled microcomputer or single-chip microcomputer, the annexation of slave computer each several part is: the sampling end of filtration unit links to each other with the electrochemical transducer[sensor measuring junction, electrochemical transducer[sensor links to each other with filter amplifier by shielded signal wire, filter amplifier links to each other by copper cash on same printed circuit board (PCB) with single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer links to each other by multiple conducting wires with wireless data transceiver module, supply module by lead respectively with filter amplifier, single-chip microcomputer, the power end of wireless module links to each other with ground wire, and the inlet end of this filtration unit links to each other with detected coke-oven emission mouth.The outlet side of filtration unit is connected to relevant device and carries out respective handling (this part does not belong to content of the present invention)
Its course of work is: adopt filtrator that coke-oven gas is filtered, adopt the electric chemical formula oxygen sensor to measure oxygen content, export with millivolt magnitude voltage signals form, be transferred to filter amplifier by shielding line, signal is carried out filtering and processing and amplifying, then through AD conversion, send to 100 meters by wireless module and carry out data presentation and processing with interior host computer.The data both available hand-held LCDs display result of host computer to receiving also can be utilized common computer to preserve, and then utilize corresponding software that historical data is carried out analysis-by-synthesis.
Filter amplifier of the present invention comprises RF filtering, instrument amplification chip, RC filtering.
Chip microcontroller AD conversion of the present invention, data computation and serial ports transmission, and realize power saving function.
Supply module comprises anti-explosion battery, voltage stabilizing chip and current-limiting resistance.Host computer has two kinds of embodiments, a kind of monitoring instrument of forming with wireless module and common computer, and another kind is the portable unit of forming with wireless module and single-chip microcomputer.
The specific embodiment of each part mentioned above is described in detail as follows respectively:
(1) slave computer
The main devices of the slave computer of present embodiment is respectively described below:
1. filtrator: the filtrator of present embodiment adopts barrel shape membrane filter (the BH-3 type of northization membrane separation technique at dawn company production).
2. electric chemical formula oxygen sensor:
The present invention adopts electrochemical transducer[sensor, and this sensor as negative electrode, is an anode with lead with silver, adopts alkaline electrolyte, can cause the variation of electrochemical reaction in the battery when oxygen concentration changes.Because technology in this respect is comparative maturity, for simplicity, present embodiment is directly selected the AO2 sensor of CityTech company for use.Its working temperature is exported the millivolt magnitude voltage signals at-20 ℃～+ 50 ℃, and oxygen resolution is 0.01%, and the response time is applicable to the measurement of flammable explosive gas less than 5s.The expected service life of this sensor is continuous working 2 years in normal air, and normal oxygen level is below 5% in the coke-oven gas, and (detailed content of this sensor is disclosed in to estimate the corresponding work life-span can to prolong 3 times
Http:// www.citytech.com/PDF-Datasheets/ao2.pdf).
3. supply module
Supply module of the present invention is made up of battery, voltage stabilizing chip and current-limiting resistance.Wherein, the battery of present embodiment adopts the power supply of 3.6V anti-explosion battery.Voltage stabilizing module adopts the linear voltage regulator Max1792 EUA33 (3.3V) of MAXIN company, and being used to adjust cell voltage is stable 3.3V, for each parts of slave computer circuit provide operating voltage.The current-limiting resistance resistance is 2 Ω, and peak power is 10W.Be used for when an above short circuit accident appears in the subsequent conditioning circuit module, supply voltage 3.6V is added on the current-limiting resistance, and power is 3.6
2/ 2=6.48＜10W.
4. filter amplifier
Filter amplifier of the present invention can comprise RF filtering circuit, instrument amplifying circuit and RC filtering circuit, and embodiment is concrete to be formed as shown in Figure 2.Be respectively described below:
Oxygen sensor signal output is in the mV level, output 9～13mV during 20.9% oxygen level, correspondingly in 1% oxygen level about 0.6mV, need be amplified to the V step voltage, pass through single chip computer measurement.Here enlargement factor is made as 100.The amplifying circuit of present embodiment is selected instrument amplifier chip AD623 for use for this reason.Enlargement factor is set by the resistance R 3 that links to each other with this chip, and when R3 equaled 1K Ω, enlargement factor was about 100.
Before signal amplifies, reduce the RF mushing error of instrument amplifier, can play stabilization signal, reduce the effect of energy consumption.In actual applications, Radio frequency interference (RFI) enters instrument amplifier by certain approach and by rectification, the output that is presented at amplifier is as the DC maladjustment error, if RFI (Radio frequency interference (RFI)) is modulated or have periodically, this DC maladjustment can change in time, causes the measuring error that is difficult to differentiate.
For improving oxygen measurement precision and stability, the slave computer circuit need carry out Filtering Processing to simulating signal.
The RF filtering circuit of present embodiment has realized that under the situation that does not reduce bandwidth good RFI suppresses.The low pass RC filtering of resistance R 1 and capacitor C 1 in the RF filtering circuit of Fig. 2 (in like manner resistance R 2 and capacitor C 2) formation-three dB bandwidth, frequency f=1/ (2 π R1C1) is about 32KHz.Resistance R 1 and R2 are used to provide effective input protection not increasing under the circuit noise.C3 guarantees to make any RF signal become common-mode signal (signal of two input ends of amplifier is identical), does not occur difference on input end.This low-pass network-three dB bandwidth is:
C3 value 0.047uF, so this circuit-the 3dB signal bandwidth approximately is 320Hz.
Present embodiment selects for use the RC filtering mode to reduce the Circuits System power consumption, is made of R4 and C8.Because tested oxygen content signal is a DC quantity, amplify the low-pass filtering link of back adding at signal, to eliminate the interference of power frequency component to mimic channel less than 50Hz.
5. single-chip microcomputer
Present embodiment adopts the single-chip microcomputer MSP430 of low-power consumption to realize AD conversion and data computation.Use the 32kHz crystal oscillator to provide frequency of operation as MSP430.The signal of process filtering enters the AD input port of single-chip microcomputer, through the AD conversion, is sent to wireless data transfer module.Single-chip microcomputer adopts the TTL interface mode with being connected of wireless module, carries out USART communication.Link to each other with the dormancy port of wireless module by an IO pin in addition, control its duty, when control signal was output as high level, wireless module entered dormant state; When the control signal output low level, wireless module can transceive data behind 200ms.
Because volume restrictions, the electric energy that battery provides is limited, and in order to prolong the serviceable life of battery, present embodiment specifies as follows by optimizing the power consumption that circuit hardware and software design reduce circuit:
The reduction of single-chip microcomputer power consumption and frequency of operation, duty are relevant.Adopt interruption to wake mode up in this circuit and save the battery ability.CPU is in illegal state during the no oxygen content signal, and power consumption is less than 150 μ W.
Secondly wireless module when emission power consumption maximum is the standby receive status, and power consumption minimum during dormant state.The circuit power consumption major part is used for radiofrequency signal and sends, and therefore can reduce the wireless data transmitting time further reduces power consumption.In the present embodiment actual motion, because of the most of the time oxygen content is lower than dangerous index, the slave computer circuit operates mainly in the state that is interrupted wireless data transmission, and single-chip microcomputer and wireless module enter the park mode of low-power consumption when not sending out data.So both guarantee on-line monitoring, effectively prolonged electric battery service time again.Because the reflection time T that sensor changes oxygen content
90About 5 seconds, the signal sampling time can be between 5～10 seconds during therefore normal the operation.
Present embodiment realize above-mentioned power saving function single-chip microcomputer MSP430 program circuit as shown in Figure 3.May further comprise the steps:
At first, parameters such as the frequency of operation of single-chip microcomputer, reference voltage are carried out initialization, carry out oxygen signals sampling and AD conversion then, then sampled value is judged, when less than alarming value (present embodiment be provided with alarming value be oxygen account for total gas 5%), single-chip microcomputer enters LPM3 (dormancy) pattern, makes the wireless module dormancy simultaneously; When greater than alarming value, after 5～10 seconds, the wake on wireless module.The 250ms that delays time again sends wireless data.At first send the address size certificate of this sensor,, send oxygen content data then to indicate the numbering of this measurement point.Finish a secondary data and send, enter circulation next time.
Experiment and Theoretical Calculation show, use 3.6V * 2Ah powered battery, can be the energy that the slave computer circuit provides continuous working one wheat harvesting period.Electric battery is replaced once every other month, can safeguard the data monitoring of slave computer easily.
6. wireless data transceiver module
Wireless data transceiver module of the present invention is operated in the ISM band that need not to apply for frequency.Present embodiment is selected the ZT-TR43C wireless data transceiver module of Beijing company limited of intelligence dimension Sino Stride Yida System Technology Co. Ltd for use.This module adopts low power transmissions, and high sensitivity is accepted scheme, and carrier frequency is 433MHz, 300 meters of its theoretical communication distances, and experiment showed, that this system can (have under the situation of barrier) in 100 meters normally carries out the wireless signal monitoring.This radio receiving transmitting module please refer to http://www.cshouse.com/company/～730541.htm.
The Sefe antiexplosion instrument is based on the design concept of restriction electric current and voltage, promptly take various effective limit energy or quarantine measures, guarantee that the energy (as electric arc, electric spark and high temperature surface) that exposes of equipment issuable dangerous ignition source under the malfunction of normal operation and regulation is not enough to light explosive atmosphere.The inbeing safe explosion prevention performance is the intrinsic explosion-proof performance of appliance circuit itself.Intrinsically safe circuit reaches the Sefe antiexplosion requirement by electrical quantity (as reducing energy-storage travelling wave tube parameters such as inductance and electric capacity) or the reduction circuital current and the voltage of control circuit.Present embodiment is 3.3V by the voltage of restriction anti-explosion battery, makes in the slave computer all electric capacity sums less than 100uF, and all inductive capacity sums are less than 10uH, and this current-limiting resistance restriction slave computer total current maximal value is less than 2A.Make circuit reach the Sefe antiexplosion requirement.
(2) host computer
Host computer of the present invention can have two kinds of embodiment, a kind of monitoring instrument of forming with wireless module and common computer, and another kind is the portable unit of forming with wireless module and single-chip microcomputer, is respectively described below:
1. use the monitoring instrument of radio receiving transmitting module and common computer composition
The microcomputer of present embodiment is in order to preserve and on-line monitoring and data analysis the oxygen level data, adopts the LabVIEW programming to realize that microcomputer monitors in real time.
This routine call MSComm control is realized the transmission of USART serial data.At first, by initialize routine the data file being preserved position, preservation form and USART form is provided with.Then, read the data of USART form after, the address bit data is judged, after the address, measured point conforms to, oxygen content signal and temperature signal are extracted and calculate.When pressing the demarcation button, oxygen content is demarcated with preset value.
2. use the portable unit of wireless module and single-chip microcomputer composition
Present embodiment reads the measurement point oxygen level at any time for convenient, has designed portable host computer equipment, by the direct video data of LCD.Select for use 4 section-type LCD displays that have driver to carry out data presentation, still use the USART serial communication between single-chip microcomputer and the radio receiving transmitting module.Pass through the SPI serial communication between monolithic and the LCD display module.Because the measurement range of oxygen content is 0～25%, four section-type LCDs can be with the form video data of XX.XX, and unit is %.
Program flow diagram in the single-chip microcomputer as shown in Figure 4.
At first default two variable calibrator (calibration variables) and oxygen (oxygen variable) behind parameter initialization, send the oxygen content that wireless signal reads certain measurement point by inquiry mode.Opening USART then reads to interrupt standby.Host computer enters the serial ports interrupt service routine after receiving wireless signal.For being different from other wireless collection signals, present embodiment has increased data head checking position, and host computer is further confirmed the authenticity of this oxygen content data by judgment data head checking position.If true measurement is extracted data head checking position sixteen bit binary data afterwards, be translated into decimal number, compose then and give variable oxygen.
The present embodiment program has increased calibration function, when with calibrating gas oxygen content being calibrated, presses the calibration button.Corresponding signal becomes a certain IO pin that high level passes to MSP430, reads this pin status and can judge and carry out corresponding data and handle.If press aligning key, then calibration variables calibrator equals the oxygen variate-value that current detection arrives.If do not press aligning key, then the value of oxygen variable oxygen is gas oxygen content * oxygen/calibrator.Wherein, the gas oxygen content is the known oxygen content that is used for demarcating.
Enter the LCDDisplay subroutine then, this program is input quantity with oxygen, set single-chip microcomputer SPI pattern, oxygen numerical value is divided into four figures, look into eight segmentation array lists, then by the agreement () order sends to the LCD driver module with data or from low to high, and the LCD driver module preserves and upgrade the demonstration of LCD with 32 bit shift register on earth by height.
The major technique characteristics of present embodiment are as follows:
1, sensor adopts the electric chemical formula oxygen sensor, and output micro voltage signal can continuous working under standard environment more than 1 year;
2, front end circuit and host computer communicate within the specific limits by wireless radio frequency mode, and communication band is at the ISM wave band, and emission, received power are less than 100mV;
3, front end circuit uses the power supply of 3.6V anti-explosion battery, and the operating voltage of each circuit is 3.3V, total current is limited in below the 2A electric capacity, inductance parameters that the restriction front end circuit is selected for use, thereby the essential safety function of realization front end circuit with current-limiting resistance;
4,, under limited energy content of battery electric power thus supplied, make the front end circuit can continuous working more than 1 month by introducing the sleep mode of single-chip microcomputer, wireless module;
5, the precision of wireless monitoring device is 0.05%; The reaction time of device is 5s (not containing filtration unit); Can show measurement data and deal with data in real time.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of wireless monitoring device for oxygen content in essential safety energy-saving type coke-oven gas, it is characterized in that, comprise by filtrator, the electric chemical formula oxygen sensor, filter amplifier, single-chip microcomputer, the slave computer that wireless data transceiver module and supply module are formed, host computer of forming by wireless data transceiver module and coupled microcomputer or the host computer of forming by wireless data transceiver module and coupled single-chip microcomputer, the annexation of slave computer each several part is: the sampling end of filtration unit links to each other with the electrochemical transducer[sensor measuring junction, electrochemical transducer[sensor links to each other with filter amplifier, filter amplifier links to each other with single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer links to each other with wireless data transceiver module, supply module respectively with filter amplifier, single-chip microcomputer, the power end of wireless module links to each other with ground wire, and the inlet end of this filtration unit links to each other with detected coke-oven emission mouth; The single-chip microcomputer of described slave computer adopts the energy conservation pattern, and this mode of operation is for to judge sampled value, and when less than alarming value, single-chip microcomputer enters the dormancy pattern, makes the wireless module dormancy simultaneously; When greater than alarming value, the wake on wireless module sends wireless data again.
2, the device shown in claim 1 is characterized in that, the supply module of described slave computer comprises anti-explosion battery, voltage stabilizing chip and current-limiting resistance; The voltage of this anti-explosion battery is 3.3V, and this Voltage stabilizing module adopts linear voltage regulator Max1792EUA33, and this current-limiting resistance resistance is 2 Ω, and peak power is 10W.
3, the device shown in claim 1 is characterized in that, described host computer adopts the monitoring instrument of wireless module and common computer composition or adopts wireless module and the portable unit of single-chip microcomputer composition.
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| CNB2006101129903A CN100465637C (en) | 2006-09-14 | 2006-09-14 | Wireless monitoring device for oxygen content in essential safety energy-saving type coke-oven gas |
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| CNB2006101129903A CN100465637C (en) | 2006-09-14 | 2006-09-14 | Wireless monitoring device for oxygen content in essential safety energy-saving type coke-oven gas |
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| CN100465637C true CN100465637C (en) | 2009-03-04 |
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| CN107653924B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2021-04-09 | 周菊青 | Excavating machine embedded with carbon monoxide monitoring and early warning functions |
| CN110568124B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2020-09-01 | 深圳市德塔防爆电动汽车有限公司 | Three-in-one sensor gas concentration detection method and three-in-one sensor |
| CN112630376A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-04-09 | 上海申博信息系统工程有限公司 | Marine gas monitoring device using LoRa communication and low-power-consumption implementation method |
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