CN100431349C - 尚未播放节目的收视率预测 - Google Patents

尚未播放节目的收视率预测 Download PDF

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CN100431349C
CN100431349C CNB2003801032921A CN200380103292A CN100431349C CN 100431349 C CN100431349 C CN 100431349C CN B2003801032921 A CNB2003801032921 A CN B2003801032921A CN 200380103292 A CN200380103292 A CN 200380103292A CN 100431349 C CN100431349 C CN 100431349C
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S·古特塔
V·菲洛明
M·特拉科维
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Abstract

一种用于生成对尚未广播的视频内容的推荐的方法。该方法包括:远程访问观众的用户简档;以及将视频内容的特征与用户简档相比较,从而生成对视频内容的推荐。优选地,为多个观众重复访问和比较,其中为多个观众中的每一个,生成视频内容的对应推荐,这导致生成对视频内容的多个推荐。更优选地,基于多个推荐进行统计分析,以预测对视频内容的收视率。

Description

尚未播放节目的收视率预测
本发明通常涉及预测尚未播放的节目和其它广播的收视率(rating),更具体而言,涉及个人视频记录器(PVR),其具有用于根据PVR中存储的用户简档来生成尚未播放的节目的推荐分数的电视推荐器。
目前,诸如Nielsen(尼尔森)之类的公司在节目在电视上播放后才公布收视率。该收视率基于对节目的实际观看,这由机顶盒或其它电子设备来监控。内容拥有者使用该收视率来设置该节目的广告费率,收视率越高,广告费率越高。目前,通过给选定区域中潜在的观众抽样打电话并执行统计分析以确定该节目的预测收视率,来确定尚未播放的节目的收视率。这个过程是劳动密集的和昂贵的,并且取决于潜在观众的坦诚。而且,潜在观众可能意识不到他们喜欢该类型的节目和具有新节目特征的节目,并且无意中错误地回答了问题。
因此,本发明的一个目的在于提供一种在视频内容广播之前预测其收视率的方法和设备。
因此,提供了一种用于生成对尚未广播的视频内容的推荐的方法。该方法包括:远程访问观众的用户简档;以及将视频内容的特征与用户简档相比较,生成视频内容的推荐。
优选地,本方法还包括为多个观众重复该访问和比较,其中为多个观众中的每一个,生成视频内容的对应推荐,这导致了对视频内容的多个推荐。更优选地,该方法还包括对多个推荐执行统计分析,以预测该视频内容的收视率。优选地,多个推荐中的每一个是推荐分数,并且其中,该执行包括将多个推荐分数中的每一个与阀值分数相比较,超过该阈值分数指示对该视频内容很可能的正面反应。
优选地,该方法还包括允许观众允许/禁止访问用户简档。在这种情况下,该方法还包括因允许访问用户简档而补偿观众。优选地,该补偿包括允许观众在向公众播放视频内容之前,预览该视频内容。可替换地,该补偿包括当向公众播放视频内容时,向观众提供观看视频内容的折扣。
还提供一种用于生成对尚未播放的视频内容的推荐的系统。该系统包括:用户简档存储于其中的个人视频记录器,该用户简档根据观众的观看习惯来指示观众的观看偏好;用于远程访问观众用户简档的远程站;放置在个人视频记录器或远程站之一中的推荐器,用于将视频内容的特征与用户简档相比较,并生成对视频内容的推荐;以及通信装置,用于在个人视频记录器和远程站之间传输用户简档和推荐中的至少一个。
优选地,推荐器放置在个人视频记录器中,且通信装置从个人视频记录器向远程站发送推荐。可替换地,推荐器放置在远程站中,且通信装置从个人视频记录器向远程站发送用户简档。
通信装置优选包括放置在个人视频记录器或远程站中的至少一个中的调制解调器。
优选地,为多个观众重复生成推荐,其中为多个观众中的每一个,生成对应的推荐,这导致对视频内容的多个推荐,并且其中,远程站还包括处理器,用于生成多个推荐,并对多个推荐执行统计分析,以预测视频内容的收视率。
该系统优选还包括用于允许观众允许/禁止访问用户简档的装置。
还提供一种个人视频记录器,用于生成对尚未播放的视频内容的推荐。该个人视频记录器包括:用户简档存储于其中的存储器,该用户简档根据观众的观看习惯来指示观众的观看偏好;以及通信装置,用于从远程站接收对用户简档的请求,并向远程站发送用户简档或基于用户简档的推荐中的一个。
优选地,通信装置包括调制解调器。
个人视频记录器优选还包括用于允许观众允许/禁止访问用户简档的装置。
还提供一种用于实现本发明方法的计算机程序产品;以及一种程序存储设备,用于在该设备中存储计算机程序产品。
通过参照下面的说明、后附的权利要求以及附图,将更好地理解本发明设备和方法的这些及其它的特征、方面和优点,其中:
图1说明了本发明的系统的优选实施例的示意图。
图2说明了本发明的方法的优选实施例的流程图。
尽管本发明可适用于众多和不同类型的广播,但发现其特别利于电视节目的环境。因此,在未将本发明适用性限于电视节目的前提下,将以这种环境来描述本发明。
出于公开的目的,“Broadcast(广播)”将意指例如通过电视与有线广播、以及付费收看和视频点播广播从而使视频内容对于公众可得。而且,出于公开的目的,“rating(收视率)”将意指公众如何接收视频内容的指示器,例如,实际观看正在广播的视频内容的家庭的百分比或数量(如Nielson收视率)。
现参照图1,说明用于生成对尚未广播的视频内容的推荐的系统,该系统通常用参考数字100来标注,且显示在虚线内。此系统包括个人视频记录器102(PVR)和内容提供商104。内容提供商104是访问PVR 102以便执行本发明方法的任何人或物,例如视频内容的所有者、创建者、分销商或营销公司。PVR可以与诸如监视器103之类的观看设备集成,或者被配置为向监视器馈送用于观看的视频内容的“机顶”盒,例如由TiVo和松下公司制造的机顶盒(“重放TV(Replay TV)”)。
PVR 102通常包括处理器106,具有存储设备108,用于存储诸如电影、广播电视节目等之类的视频内容。存储设备还可以存储由处理器执行用于控制PVR 102功能的指令,并且还可以容纳观众的用户简档,其中,用户简档基于观众的观看历史,指示他/她的观看偏好。可替换地,指令和/或用户简档可以存储在与视频内容不同的存储设备上。PVR 102还包括用于基于用户简档生成视频内容推荐的推荐器,这种推荐器在本领域中众所周知。来自推荐器的推荐可以是简单的“赞成/反对”推荐,或是基于观众的观看历史,指示观众将喜欢某些视频内容的可能性的推荐分数。
PRV 102还具有通信装置,例如调制解调器112,用于与内容提供商(或者此处称作“远程站”,因为内容提供商远离PVR)进行通信以及接收视频内容数据。通信装置可以是任何类型的有线或无线的通信,例如电话调制解调器、卫星传输、蜂窝传输或电缆调制解调器。而且,通信装置和视频内容输入可共享相同的线路。PVR 102优选具有用于允许观众允许/禁止访问用户简档的装置,例如可以切断调制解调器112与通信线路115的连接的开关113。还可以通过对PVR 102上的按钮或与PVR 102一起使用的遥控(未示出)的操作,电子激活和控制这种装置。
内容提供商104还可以具有通信装置,例如调制解调器114,或任何上述的替代物,用于与PVR 102进行通信。具体地,内容提供商104访问存储在PVR 102中的用户简档,并且经调制解调器112、114向内容提供商104发送回用户简档或推荐(将在下面描述)。内容提供商104还具有处理器116、与其可操作地相连的存储设备118,以及推荐器120。从下面的描述中将非常明显的是,尽管PVR 102和内容提供商104都具有推荐器110、120,但只须有一个执行本发明的方法。
现参照图1和图2,将描述用于生成对尚未广播的视频内容的推荐的方法,该方法通常用参考数字200来标注。在步骤202,在PVR 102中生成并存储用户简档。如上所述,用户简档基于观众的观看历史来指示观众的观看偏好。下面在表1中示出用户简档的样本。
Figure C20038010329200071
表1
在表1的用户简档中,每条规则是一组连接着的表达式,&-→andV-→or。在步骤204,内容提供商104经诸如调制解调器112、114之类的通信装置远程访问PVR 102,向PVR 102发送新节目的说明,并指示PVR从存储设备108读取用户简档。还在步骤206指示PVR根据用户简档和新节目说明,使用推荐器110生成对尚未广播的视频内容的推荐,例如推荐分数。内容提供商104可具有需要确定用户是否会观看的新节目的列表,因此,内容提供商104对照用户简档中的规则,匹配在节目说明中发现的新节目的个别特性。例如,如果新节目具有下述说明:
8:00PM,Friday,USA,Violence,science fiction,R,JohnWilliams,Claudia Schafer,Steven Spielberg,...
(时间,日期,频道,节目说明,节目类型,收视等级,男演员,女演员,导演,...),
人们可以明白,此节目明显对照表1用户简档中的第3条规则来匹配,并且从0到1的范围内,此节目的推荐分数应当为0.87。
在表1的用户简档中,仅通过示例给出了5条样本规则。用户简档可在任何地方包含从5到90以上的规则。用户简档中的最后一行指示如果不匹配上述任一条规则,则该节目不予推荐的可能性为1,或者准予推荐的可能性为0。
推荐分数然后经调制解调器112、114发送回内容提供商104。如上所述,推荐分数优选在PVR 102由推荐器110生成。在此配置中,内容提供商104访问PVR 102,向PVR 102发送新节目的说明,该新节目说明对照PVR 102中的用户简档进行匹配,并且将推荐分数发送回内容提供商102。可替换地,可在内容提供商104由推荐器120完成推荐。在此配置中,推荐器120存在于内容提供商处,而PVR 102具有用户简档,且还可以具有或没有推荐器110。替换方法的缺点在于,内容提供商104必须存储每个观众的用户简档,并因此必须维持服务器场(server farm)。然而,一个显著的优点在于对照相同的推荐器引擎来匹配所用用户的推荐分数。
在步骤208,确定推荐是否为正面的,例如推荐分数是否超过预定的阈值,超过阈值指示基于观众的观看历史,他/她应当喜欢观看该新节目(应当对该视频内容有正面反应)的可能性。如果确定推荐是正面的,则方法沿路线“208-是”前进到步骤210,在步骤210,正面推荐的数量增加1。该方法然后前进到步骤212,在步骤212,为多个观众重复步骤202-210,其中为多个观众的每一个生成视频内容的对应推荐,这导致为每个新节目生成多个推荐。如果确定对于多个观众中的任何一个,推荐是负面的,则方法前进到步骤212。优选只计数正面的推荐和多个观众的总数量(差值假设是负面的推荐)。然而,也可以计数负面的推荐。
该方法的结果优选存储在内容提供商,例如在存储设备118中。只有正面和/或负面的推荐的数目可被存储,和/或推荐分数自己可被记分。在完成对观众的抽样以后,在步骤214对多个推荐执行统计分析,以预测视频内容的收视率。这种统计分析在本领域中众所周知。一旦这种收视率可利用,如果新节目是网络广播的话,则内容提供商和/或分销商可预测新节目将被公众很好接收的可能性,以及还可以决定对广告收取多少钱。
尽管不用观众的知识、无需PVR的任何性能退化就可以实现本发明的方法,并且该方法可以导致观众喜爱的视频内容的广播,但是观众可以反对对其隐私的侵犯,且可以不希望与内容提供商共享他/她的用户简档。因此,如先前所述的,观众可以通过操作开关113或其它类似装置,有选择地允许/禁止访问用户简档。作为对允许内容提供商访问观众用户简档的额外激励,观众可以因为允许访问用户简档而受到补偿。这种补偿不一定必须是金钱,但是可以是允许观众在视频内容对公众广播之前预览它,或者在对公众播出它时,给观众提供观看该视频内容的折扣。
本发明的方法特别适于由计算机软件程序来实现,这种计算机软件程序优选包含对应于该方法各个步骤的模块。这种软件当然可以包含在计算机可读介质中,例如集成芯片或外围设备。
虽然已经示出并说明什么是本发明优选实施例所需考虑的,但是理所应当要理解在不脱离本发明精神的前提下,可以容易地作出形式上或细节上的各种修改和变化。因此,本发明并不是意在限于所描述和说明的精确形式,而应是构造为本发明覆盖满足后附权利要求范围的所有修改。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于生成对尚未广播的视频内容的推荐的方法,该方法包括:
远程访问观众的用户简档;
将视频内容的特征与用户简档相比较,从而生成对该视频内容的推荐;
对多个观众重复所述访问和比较,其中对于多个观众中的每一个,生成对该视频内容的对应推荐,这导致生成对视频内容的多个推荐;以及
对多个推荐执行统计分析,以预测视频内容的收视率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,多个推荐中的每一个是推荐分数;并且其中,所述执行包括将多个推荐分数中的每一个与阈值分数相比较,超过该阈值分数指示对该视频内容很可能的正面反应。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括允许观众允许/禁止访问用户简档。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括因允许访问用户简档而补偿观众。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述补偿包括允许观众在对公众广播视频内容之前预览视频内容。
6.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述补偿包括在对公众广播视频内容时,向观众提供观看视频内容的折扣。
7.一种用于生成对尚未广播的视频内容的推荐的系统,该系统包括:
具有用户简档存储于其中的个人视频记录器,该用户简档根据观众的观看习惯来指示观众的观看偏好;
用于远程访问观众用户简档的远程站;
放置在个人视频记录器或远程站之一中的推荐器,用于将视频内容的特征与用户简档相比较,并生成对视频内容的推荐;以及
通信装置,用于在个人视频记录器和远程站之间传输用户简档和推荐中的至少一个,
其中,为多个观众重复生成推荐,其中为多个观众中的每一个,生成对视频内容的对应推荐,这导致生成对视频内容的多个推荐,并且其中,远程站还包括处理器,用于生成该多个推荐,并对该多个推荐执行统计分析,以预测视频内容的收视率。
8.根据权利要求7所述的系统,其特征在于,推荐器放置在个人视频记录器中,且通信装置从个人视频记录器向远程站发送推荐。
9.根据权利要求7所述的系统,其特征在于,推荐器放置在远程站中,且通信装置从个人视频记录器向远程站发送用户简档。
10.根据权利要求7所述的系统,其特征在于,通信装置包括放置在个人视频记录器或远程站中的至少一个中的调制解调器。
11.权利要求7所述的系统,其特征在于,还包括用于允许观众允许/禁止访问用户简档的装置。
12.一种个人视频记录器,用于生成对尚未广播的视频内容的推荐,该个人视频记录器包括:
具有用户简档存储于其中的存储器,该用户简档根据观众的观看习惯来指示观众的观看偏好;以及
通信装置,用于从远程站接收对用户简档的请求,并向远程站发送用户简档或基于用户简档的推荐中的一个,从而远程站可以从多个所述个人视频记录器获得多个推荐并对该多个推荐执行统计分析以便预测对该视频内容的收视率。
13.根据权利要求12所述的个人视频记录器,其特征在于,通信装置包括调制解调器。
14.根据权利要求12所述的个人视频记录器,其特征在于,还包括用于允许观众允许/禁止远程站访问用户简档的装置。
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