CN100424469C - RVSM airspace aeronautical device height holding performance monitoring system and method - Google Patents
RVSM airspace aeronautical device height holding performance monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a RVSM airspace aircraft altitude holding performance monitoring system and method. And the system comprises: absolute altitude obtaining module; data collecting and preprocessing module; and altitude holding deviation data processing module. And the method comprises: collecting high-accuracy altitude, allowable flight altitude and actual flight altitude of an aircraft, obtaining altitude measuring reference differences corresponding to the sequence of flight trace points of the aircraft, and processing these messages to obtain the altitude holding deviation message. And the invention can obtain high-accuracy total vertical altitude deviation of the aircraft and the altitude deviation caused by artificial factors and the system altitude deviation caused by device accuracy, so as to more accurately and effectively monitor the aircraft altitude holding performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aircraft height and keep performance monitoring system and method, be meant the system and method that the height to RVSM spatial domain aircraft keeps performance to monitor especially.
Background technology
Along with the sustainable growth of global air transportation amount,, make air transportation enterprise suffer enormous economic loss owing to the not enough spatial domain congestion problems that causes of flight level has become the bottleneck that blank pipe develops.In order to utilize the spatial domain resource more fully, significantly promote airspace capacity and increase operation rate, RVSM standard (Reduce vertical Separation Minimum is called for short RVSM) is successively implemented in countries in the world.But the RVSM standard means the risk of collision that will increase between the aircraft, influences air transportation safety, so the quality of the height hold facility of aircraft will be directly connected to RVSM airspace operation security level.It is exactly in order to realize the aircraft height that flies in the RVSM spatial domain is kept the supervision of performance that the aircraft height keeps performance monitoring system.By monitoring, guarantee that aircraft flying height deviation remains within the safe range, and then guarantee the aircraft flight safety the aircraft flying height.
But, aircraft measurement of flight altitude at present mainly is to rely on the ground photo range finding or obtain airborne pressure altimeter data realization indirectly, the former measuring accuracy is not high, the latter can't provide height tolerance, all can't realize the requirement that the aircraft height keeps the performance high precision to monitor, more can't analyze and produce the reason that the aircraft height keeps deviation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is defective at prior art, provide a kind of RVSM spatial domain aircraft height to keep performance monitoring system and method, make and to obtain the total vertical missing of high-precision aircraft, can also obtain the system height error that height tolerance that human factor causes and equipment precision etc. cause, thus more accurate, more effectively monitor that the aircraft height keeps performance.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of RVSM spatial domain aircraft height and keep performance monitoring system, comprising:
The absolute altitude acquisition module is used to gather the satellite ephemeris information of carrier phase information, base station reference information and tracking station and handles the absolute altitude information that obtains aircraft;
Data acquisition and pretreatment module are used to obtain practical flight elevation information, the clear for flying elevation information of aircraft, the high reference differences value of survey of aircraft flight range;
Highly keep the deviation data processing module, be used for this clear for flying elevation information is handled the true altitude information of the clear for flying height that obtains aircraft, and true altitude information, this absolute altitude information, this practical flight elevation information and this clear for flying elevation information of this clear for flying height are handled the height maintenance deviation data that obtains aircraft.
By this system, can obtain the total vertical missing of aircraft, the flight of specified altitude assignment is provided with deviation and three kinds of height of altitude measurement system error keep deviation data, keeping deviation data to analyze to three kinds of height just can be more accurate, monitor that more effectively the aircraft height keeps performance, can also analyze influence and the influence of human factor that the aircraft device therefor produces highly keeping performance to highly keeping performance to produce, thereby eliminate big aircraft height tolerance, more accurate supervision aircraft height, the better aircraft flight safety that guarantees improves the spatial domain utilization factor.
The present invention also provides a kind of RVSM spatial domain aircraft height to keep performance monitoring method, mainly may further comprise the steps:
Gather the satellite ephemeris information of carrier phase information, base station reference information and tracking station and handle the absolute altitude information that obtains aircraft;
Gather the high reference differences value of survey of clear for flying elevation information, practical flight elevation information and the aircraft flight range of aircraft;
Described clear for flying elevation information is handled the true altitude information that obtains the clear for flying height in conjunction with the atmospheric parameter in RVSM spatial domain and the high reference differences value of survey of this aircraft flight range;
True altitude information, this absolute altitude information, this practical flight elevation information and this clear for flying elevation information of this clear for flying height are handled the height that obtains aircraft keep deviation information.
Utilize this method can obtain the total vertical missing of high-precision aircraft, the flight of specified altitude assignment is provided with deviation and three kinds of height of altitude measurement system error keep deviation data, keep the deviation data can be more accurate by analyzing three kinds of height, monitor that effectively the aircraft height keeps performance, can obtain the aircraft device therefor again to highly keeping Effect on Performance and human factor to highly keeping Effect on Performance, particularly can analyze and quantize the deviation that artificial factor produces, thereby eliminate big aircraft height tolerance, better guarantee the aircraft flight safety, improve the spatial domain utilization factor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 keeps the structural representation of deviation processing module for RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height keeps the performance monitoring system height;
Fig. 2 keeps the structural representation of performance monitoring system embodiment 1 for RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height;
Fig. 3 is for obtaining the system architecture synoptic diagram of carrier phase information, reference information;
Fig. 4 keeps the structural representation of performance monitoring system embodiment 2 for RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height;
Fig. 5 keeps the structural representation of performance monitoring system embodiment 3 for RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height;
Fig. 6 keeps the general flow chart of performance monitoring method for RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height;
Fig. 7 keeps the process flow diagram of performance monitoring method embodiment 1 for RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height;
Fig. 8 is the process flow diagram that the GPS receiver on the aircraft obtains carrier phase information, reference information;
Fig. 9 is for obtaining the particular flow sheet of absolute altitude information among the present invention;
Figure 10 obtains the flow process of the practical flight elevation information of aircraft for ground secondary radar receiver.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
The height tolerance Treatment Analysis of aircraft mainly comprises the Treatment Analysis that three kinds of height is kept data: the total vertical missing of aircraft, be the vertical geometry difference between aircraft absolute altitude information and the aircraft clear for flying true altitude information highly, reflection aircraft vertical direction total departure; Flight to specified altitude assignment is provided with deviation, is the practical flight elevation information of aircraft and the difference between the aircraft clear for flying elevation information, reflection manual operation deviation; The altitude measurement system error, suppose that height indicator benchmark atmospheric pressure value is provided with under the correct situation, it is the difference of the barometer altitude of the height that shows of height indicator and undisturbed ambient atmosphere pressure, can and deviation be set by the total vertical missing of aircraft and obtain, the error that reflection equipment self precision etc. produces the flight of specified altitude assignment.As shown in Figure 1, by absolute altitude information, clear for flying elevation information, practical flight elevation information and the clear for flying true altitude information highly of aircraft, can calculate three kinds of height tolerance data that obtain aircraft.
The invention provides a kind of RVSM spatial domain aircraft height and keep performance monitoring system, comprising:
The absolute altitude acquisition module is used to gather the satellite ephemeris information of carrier phase information, base station reference information and tracking station and handle the absolute altitude information that obtains aircraft, and this absolute altitude is a geometric height;
Data acquisition and pretreatment module are used to obtain the high reference differences value of survey of practical flight elevation information and the clear for flying elevation information and the aircraft flight range of aircraft, and the practical flight height and the clear for flying of aircraft highly are barometer altitude;
Highly keep the deviation data processing module, be used for the clear for flying elevation information is handled the true altitude information of the clear for flying height that obtains aircraft, the true altitude of this clear for flying height is a geometric height, and true altitude information, absolute altitude information, practical flight elevation information and the clear for flying elevation information of this clear for flying height are handled the height maintenance deviation data that obtains aircraft.
Fig. 2 keeps the structural representation of performance monitoring system embodiment 1 for RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height.As shown in Figure 2, system mainly comprises: absolute altitude acquisition module 1, data acquisition and pretreatment module 3, highly keep deviation data to handle 2; Absolute altitude acquisition module 1 specifically comprises gps data acquisition module 11 and carrier phase difference processing module 12.
GPS (global positioning system the is called for short GPS) receiver that gps data acquisition module 11 in the absolute altitude acquisition module 1 is used for from the aircraft is gathered carrier phase information and base station reference information; Obtain satellite ephemeris information from ground tracking station; Carrier phase difference processing module 12 in the absolute altitude acquisition module 1 is main by utilizing the information such as satellite ephemeris of carrier phase difference processing method, base station reference information and tracking station, eliminate most of errors of GPS positioning system, comprise error that satellite ephemeris error, satellite star clock error, ionospheric refraction produce, receiver clock correction etc.The carrier phase information of 12 pairs of acquisitions of carrier phase difference processing module and the satellite ephemeris information of tracking station are carried out difference and are resolved, solve integer ambiguity and cycle slip problem by the least square search procedure, obtain the coordinate difference between base station and the aircraft, the coordinate difference is added the base station reference information, obtain world geodetic system (the World Geodetic System of aircraft, be called for short WGS) 84 coordinates, thus the high precision absolute altitude data of acquisition aircraft.Data acquisition and pretreatment module 3 are used for from Control Centre's collection navigational intelligence data and handle obtaining the clear for flying elevation information, Information Monitoring and handle the practical flight elevation information obtain aircraft from the secondary radar receiver of ground, the secondary difference curved surface of surveying high benchmark and barometric leveling benchmark from the geodetic height and the high resolving GPS of air pressure of airport reference point.Highly keep deviation data processing module 2 be used to the to secure permission true altitude information of flying height, and the practical flight elevation information that obtains to the true altitude information of this clear for flying height and the high precision absolute altitude information that obtains from absolute altitude acquisition module 1, from data acquisition and pretreatment module 3 and clear for flying elevation information are handled the height that obtains aircraft and are kept deviation information.It is poor to be specifically as follows the true altitude information of high precision absolute altitude information and clear for flying height, obtain the total vertical missing of aircraft, practical flight elevation information and clear for flying elevation information is poor, acquisition is provided with deviation to the flight of specified altitude assignment, according to the total vertical missing of aircraft with the flight of specified altitude assignment is provided with deviation obtains the altitude measurement system error.
Gps data acquisition module 11 can be gathered the satellite ephemeris information of the carrier phase information in the GPS receiver, reference information and ground tracking station on the aircraft.Be illustrated in figure 3 as the synoptic diagram that GPS receiver on the aircraft obtains carrier phase information and reference information.Fig. 3 comprises base station 6, aircraft 5 and some satellites 4. HA Global Positioning Satellite 4 continuous broadcast GPS signals, and in order to guarantee accuracy of measurement, the gps satellite number is no less than 4; The GPS receiver that has in the base station 6 of known coordinate at first carries out initialization, determines integer ambiguity, and begin to carry out static measurement then: receive gps satellite signal continuously, the information of reception comprises carrier phase signal; Base station 6 sends to GPS receiver on the aircraft with carrier phase observation data, base station reference information by the wireless data chain, GPS receiver on the aircraft also at first carries out initialization and determines integer ambiguity, when beginning to receive the information from base station then, the satellite that simultaneous observation simultaneously is identical and the carrier phase information of this satellite of synchronous acquisition, and the satellite ephemeris information of gathering ground tracking station.
As shown in Figure 4, data acquisition among the embodiment 1 and pretreatment module 3 specifically can be ground secondary radar receiver data acquisition and pretreatment module 31 and flight information and weather data collection and pretreatment module 32 and GPS and survey the secondary difference curved surface of high benchmark and barometric leveling benchmark and resolve module 33, thereby have constituted the embodiment 2 that RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height keeps performance monitoring system.Flight information and weather data collection and pretreatment module 32 are used for from Control Centre and meteorological department's image data, if the atmospheric parameter in the navigational intelligence data that the data owner of gathering is relevant with the RVSM spatial domain and the RVSM spatial domain of meteorological department, and, obtain the clear for flying elevation information of aircraft by the navigational intelligence data are handled.Information and pre-service that ground secondary radar receiver data acquisition and pretreatment module 31 are used for gathering ground secondary radar receiver obtain described practical flight elevation information.Ground secondary radar emissions machine constantly scans the aircraft in its vertical separation space scope, and send interrogating signal, after airborne pattern C answering machine on the aircraft receives the secondary radar interrogating signal, the relevant information of aircraft is sent to ground secondary radar receiver, and ground secondary radar response receiver receives the relevant information of described aircraft.Information in the secondary radar receiver of data collecting module collected ground is also carried out pre-service.The secondary difference curved surface that GPS surveys high benchmark and barometric leveling benchmark resolves the high reference differences value of survey that module is used for determining the aircraft flight range, at first choose near several airports (having 6 airports at least) that cover this zone, the barometer altitude that geodetic height and air pressure high score by each airport reference point do not obtain each airport and the difference value of ellipsoid height, make up secondary reference differences curved surface according to reference point coordinate position, reference differences value then, in this curved surface, extract the corresponding reference differences value of aircraft flight profiles point.
As shown in Figure 5, height among the embodiment 1 or 2 keeps deviation data processing 2 specifically to can be deviation processing analysis module 21 and barometer altitude and true altitude modular converter 22, thereby has constituted the embodiment 3 that RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height keeps performance monitoring system.Barometer altitude and true altitude modular converter 22 obtain the true altitude information of the clear for flying height under the barometer altitude coordinate of aircraft after being used to utilize the air-derived information in the RVSM spatial domain that collects that this clear for flying elevation information is handled.The high reference differences value of the survey of the aircraft flight range that the secondary difference curved surface that utilizes GPS to survey high benchmark and barometric leveling benchmark then obtains obtains the true altitude information of the clear for flying height under the WGS84 coordinate system; Highly keep deviation data processing module 21 be used to the to secure permission true altitude information of flying height, and the practical flight elevation information that obtains to the true altitude information of this clear for flying height and the high precision absolute altitude information that obtains from absolute altitude acquisition module 1, from data acquisition and pretreatment module 3 and clear for flying elevation information are handled the height that obtains aircraft and are kept deviation information.
Keep each embodiment of performance monitoring system to take all factors into consideration by RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height and produce aircraft height tolerance factor, can obtain three kinds of height and keep deviation data, can not only monitor effectively that by three kinds of height being kept deviation data carry out analyzing and processing the aircraft height keeps performance, can also obtain the aircraft device therefor to highly keeping Effect on Performance and human factor to highly keeping Effect on Performance, particularly can analyze and quantize the deviation that artificial factor produces, thereby eliminate big aircraft height tolerance, better guarantee the aircraft flight safety, improve the spatial domain utilization factor.
The present invention also provides a kind of RVSM spatial domain aircraft height to keep performance monitoring method.Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of this method, mainly may further comprise the steps:
Gather the satellite ephemeris information of carrier phase information, base station reference information and tracking station and handle the absolute altitude information that obtains aircraft, the absolute altitude of aircraft is a geometric height;
Gather the high reference differences value of survey of clear for flying elevation information, practical flight elevation information and the aircraft flight range of aircraft, the practical flight elevation information and the clear for flying of aircraft highly are barometer altitude;
In conjunction with the atmospheric parameter in RVSM spatial domain and the high reference differences value of survey of this aircraft flight range described clear for flying elevation information is handled the true altitude information that obtains the clear for flying height, the true altitude of the clear for flying height of aircraft is a geometric height;
True altitude information, this absolute altitude information, this practical flight elevation information and this clear for flying elevation information of this clear for flying height are handled the height that obtains aircraft keep deviation information.
Fig. 7 keeps the process flow diagram of performance monitoring method embodiment 1 for RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height.Concrete steps are as follows:
Obtain carrier phase information, the satellite ephemeris information of base station reference information and tracking station, these information can be gathered by GPS receiver and ground tracking station from aircraft, the method of the GPS receiver acquired information on the aircraft as shown in Figure 8, the GPS receiver that has in the base station of known coordinate at first carries out initialization, determine integer ambiguity, receive all visual gps satellite signals then continuously, in order to guarantee precision, the gps satellite number is no less than 4, base station is with the base station reference information, carrier phase observation data sends to GPS receiver on the aircraft by the wireless data chain, GPS receiver on the aircraft also at first carries out initialization and determines integer ambiguity, when beginning to receive the information from base station then, identical satellite and the carrier phase information of this satellite of synchronous acquisition and the satellite ephemeris information of ground tracking station of simultaneous observation simultaneously;
As shown shown in 9, solve integer ambiguity and cycle slip problem by the least square search procedure, the satellite ephemeris information of the carrier phase information, base station reference information and the tracking station that obtain is carried out difference to be resolved, and error, receiver clock correction equal error that the satellite ephemeris information elimination satellite ephemeris error, satellite star clock error, the ionospheric refraction that utilize tracking station produce obtain the coordinate difference between base station and the aircraft, the coordinate difference is added the base station coordinate, obtain the WGS84 coordinate of aircraft, thereby obtain the absolute altitude information of aircraft;
Obtain the practical flight elevation information of aircraft, can from the secondary radar receiver of ground, gather aircraft information and handle the practical flight elevation information that obtains aircraft.The concrete steps that ground secondary radar receiver obtains aircraft information as shown in figure 10, ground secondary radar emissions machine constantly scans the aircraft in its vertical separation space scope, and send interrogating signal, after airborne pattern C answering machine on the aircraft receives the secondary radar interrogating signal, the relevant information of aircraft is sent to ground secondary radar receiver, and ground secondary radar receiver receives the relevant information of described aircraft;
Gather the navigational intelligence data, gather the atmospheric parameter in RVSM spatial domain from meteorological department from Control Centre, if the navigation height information data that the navigational intelligence data owner of gathering is relevant with the RVSM spatial domain, and the navigational intelligence data are handled, obtain the clear for flying elevation information of aircraft;
From near several airports (having 6 airports at least) that cover the aircraft flight range, obtain the barometer altitude on each airport and the difference value of ellipsoid height, make up secondary reference differences curved surface according to reference point coordinate position, reference differences value then, finally obtain the high reference differences value of survey of aircraft flight range;
Described clear for flying elevation information is handled the true altitude information that obtains the clear for flying height in conjunction with the atmospheric parameter in RVSM spatial domain and the high reference differences value of survey of aircraft flight range;
Handle the height tolerance information that obtains aircraft by clear for flying true altitude information, absolute altitude information, practical flight elevation information and clear for flying elevation information highly to aircraft.It is poor to be specifically as follows the true altitude of absolute altitude and clear for flying height, obtains the total vertical missing of aircraft, this deviation reflection aircraft vertical direction total departure; Practical flight height layer and clear for flying height layer is poor, obtain the flight of specified altitude assignment is provided with deviation this deviation reflection manual operation deviation; According to the total vertical missing of aircraft with the flight of specified altitude assignment is provided with deviation obtains the altitude measurement system error, suppose that height indicator benchmark atmospheric pressure value is provided with correctly, then the altitude measurement system error is the height that shows of height indicator and the difference of the barometer altitude of undisturbed ambient atmosphere pressure, the error of generations such as reflection equipment self precision.
Keep the embodiment of performance monitoring method can obtain three kinds of height by RVSM of the present invention spatial domain aircraft height and keep deviation data, keep deviation data to carry out analyzing and processing to three kinds of height and can monitor effectively that the aircraft height keeps performance, can obtain the aircraft device therefor again to highly keeping Effect on Performance and human factor to highly keeping Effect on Performance, particularly can analyze and quantize the error that artificial factor produces, thereby eliminate big aircraft height tolerance, more accurate supervision aircraft height, better guarantee the aircraft flight safety, improve the spatial domain utilization factor.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a RVSM spatial domain aircraft height keeps performance monitoring system, comprising:
The absolute altitude acquisition module is used to gather the satellite ephemeris information of carrier phase information, base station reference information and tracking station and handles the absolute altitude information that obtains aircraft;
Data acquisition and pretreatment module are used to obtain practical flight elevation information, the clear for flying elevation information of aircraft, the high reference differences value of survey of aircraft flight range;
Highly keep the deviation data processing module, be used for this clear for flying elevation information is handled the true altitude information of the clear for flying height that obtains aircraft, and true altitude information, this absolute altitude information, this practical flight elevation information and this clear for flying elevation information of this clear for flying height are handled the height maintenance deviation data that obtains aircraft.
2. RVSM according to claim 1 spatial domain aircraft height keeps performance monitoring system, and wherein said absolute altitude acquisition module specifically comprises:
The gps data acquisition module is used to gather the satellite ephemeris information of described carrier phase information, base station reference information and tracking station;
Carrier phase difference processing module is used for that the satellite ephemeris information of this carrier phase information, base station reference information and tracking station is carried out difference processing and obtains described absolute altitude information.
3. RVSM according to claim 1 spatial domain aircraft height keeps performance monitoring system, and wherein said data acquisition and pretreatment module specifically comprise:
Flight information and weather data collection and pretreatment module are used to gather the navigational intelligence data of Control Centre and these navigational intelligence data are carried out pre-service and obtain described clear for flying elevation information;
Ground secondary radar receiver data acquisition and pretreatment module, the information and the pre-service that are used for gathering ground secondary radar receiver obtain described practical flight elevation information;
The secondary difference curved surface of high benchmark of global positioning system unified test and barometric leveling benchmark resolves module, is used for determining the high reference differences value of survey of aircraft flight range.
4. keep performance monitoring system according to any described RVSM of claim 1-3 spatial domain aircraft height, wherein said height keeps the deviation data processing module specifically to comprise:
Barometer altitude and true altitude modular converter are used for described clear for flying elevation information being handled the true altitude information that obtains described clear for flying height in conjunction with the atmospheric parameter in RVSM spatial domain and the high reference differences value of survey of described aircraft flight range;
The deviation processing analysis module is used for highly being kept deviation data by the true altitude information of described clear for flying elevation information, described practical flight elevation information, described absolute altitude information and described clear for flying height is handled.
5. a RVSM spatial domain aircraft height keeps performance monitoring method, comprising following steps:
Gather the satellite ephemeris information of carrier phase information, base station reference information and tracking station and handle the absolute altitude information that obtains aircraft;
Gather the high reference differences value of survey of clear for flying elevation information, practical flight elevation information and the aircraft flight range of aircraft;
Described clear for flying elevation information is handled the true altitude information that obtains the clear for flying height in conjunction with the atmospheric parameter in RVSM spatial domain and the high reference differences value of survey of this aircraft flight range;
True altitude information, this absolute altitude information, this practical flight elevation information and this clear for flying elevation information of this clear for flying height are handled the height that obtains aircraft keep deviation information.
6. RVSM according to claim 5 spatial domain aircraft height keeps performance monitoring method, the satellite ephemeris information of wherein said collection carrier phase information, base station reference information and tracking station is also handled the satellite ephemeris information that the absolute altitude information that obtains aircraft is specially collection described carrier phase information, base station reference information and tracking station, the satellite ephemeris information of this carrier phase information, this base station reference information and this tracking station is carried out calculus of differences obtain this absolute altitude information.
7. keep performance monitoring method according to claim 5 or 6 described RVSM spatial domain aircraft height, the clear for flying elevation information of wherein said collection aircraft and practical flight elevation information are specially the navigational intelligence data and the pre-service of gathering Control Centre and obtain described clear for flying elevation information; The information and the pre-service of gathering in the secondary radar receiver of ground obtain described practical flight elevation information; Gather geodetic altitude, barometer altitude and the reference point coordinate position of airport reference point and handle the high reference differences value of survey that obtains described aircraft flight range.
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| US8280626B2 (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2012-10-02 | General Electric Company | Method for selecting meteorological data for updating an aircraft trajectory |
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