CN1004174B - 差动式电容检测器 - Google Patents
差动式电容检测器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1004174B CN1004174B CN85109527.5A CN85109527A CN1004174B CN 1004174 B CN1004174 B CN 1004174B CN 85109527 A CN85109527 A CN 85109527A CN 1004174 B CN1004174 B CN 1004174B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pulse
- gravity sensor
- pulses
- width
- capacitive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/24—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
- G01D5/241—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance by relative movement of capacitor electrodes
- G01D5/2417—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance by relative movement of capacitor electrodes by varying separation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
- G01C9/06—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/12—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using a single pendulum plumb lines G01C15/10
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Manipulation Of Pulses (AREA)
Abstract
一个由差动式电容检测器组成的容性重力传感器包括两个脉冲发生器和一个比较器。每个脉冲发生器的输出脉冲宽度表示每个电容器之容量,要测定的是此两个电容量之差。一个比较器提供一个第三脉冲,该脉冲宽度为来自脉冲发生器的输入脉冲的宽度之差,并表示两个电容间的容量之差。
Description
本发明关于测定两个电容器之间的电容量相对差值,尤其是关于采用一个电容传感器的相对于重力的角度测量。
用于对应于重力角度测量的先有技术电容传感器由高频振荡器激励的电桥电路中所采用的电容元件所组成。由于倾斜不平衡造成电容量的变化导致电桥电路产生输出频率的变化或者输出电压电平的变化。另一项先有技术是一台力反馈加速度仪,在那里,一物体被悬挂在两电磁铁之间。因为是倾斜组装,物体便要移动。电力作用于磁铁,使物体回到中心位置。使物体回到中心位置所需要的电流被置换为角位移的测量。本发明利用在某个倾斜角度下的电容传感器的电容量去确定两个不同宽度的脉冲,并由电路来确定脉冲相对宽度为提供一个由脉冲相对宽度引出的信号,该信号即代表倾斜角度。
本发明通过一个输出脉冲去测定两个电容器之间的容量差,该输出脉冲的宽度即代表电容量的变化。本发明可以通过将传感器电容器分别连到两个单稳多谐振荡器的方法,来测定电容重力传感器的斜度。每个多谐振荡器的输出脉冲取决于由一个传感器电容器容量组成的阻容网络的时间常数。当重力传感器倾斜时,每个阻容网络的电容量就变化;一个增大另一个就减小。因此,每个单稳多谐振荡器的输出脉冲的宽度将随着阻容网络的电容量的变化而改变,当通过一个比较器去测定两个单稳多谐振荡器输出之间的宽度之差时,该差值将与倾斜度成正比。
图1描述了一台用数字表示两个电容之间电容量之差的仪器。
图2描述了一台采用模拟信号来表示两个电容之间容量之差的可供选择的实施例。
现对最佳实施例说明如下:
图1描述了一种装置,它所提供的输出脉冲宽度表示两个电容器间的容量之差。参照图1,要测定的是电容器2和5的容量之差,而且这两个电容器例如可为受让人于本发明专利申请日所提交的(申请序号为696,625)的一个共同未决申请中所述容性重力传感器(图中未示)的电容。
一般说来,作为一个容性重力传感器中的两个电容器2和5,其电容量范围大约为最小12μμF至最大280μμF。通常当容性重力传感器在水平位置时则电容器2和5实际上是相等的,例如等于140μμF。当该传感器倾斜时,则电容器2和5的容量作差动式变化。电阻器1和电容器2串联相接,以形成一个阻容电路-作为单稳多谐振荡器3的一部分,其时间常数决定了脉冲9的宽度。工作时,触发器输入信号8使单稳多谐振荡器3改变成由输出脉冲9的上升沿所表示的状态。在电阻器1和电容器2的RC时间常数所确定的时间t内,单稳多谐振荡器3继续输出脉冲9,然后又回到其由脉冲9的下降沿所表示的原始状态。
同样,电阻器4和电容器5组成单稳多谐振荡器6的RC电路。输出脉冲10的宽度t2代表了电阻器4和电容器5的RC时间常数。来自单稳多谐振荡器3和6的输出脉冲9和10被分别接到比较器7,比较器7可为(例如)一个异门28-它输出一个宽度为t3表示脉冲9和10之间的持续时间之差的脉冲11,这样,脉冲11就正比于所述由电容器2和5构成的容性重力传感器的斜度。
比较器7还可包括R-S双稳态触发器27。倾斜方向沿顺时针还是沿反时针方向取决于该触发器27的“符号”输出,该输出表明第一和第二脉冲中较宽的一个,若脉冲9持续高电位或低电位。脉冲10保持高电位,则触发器27的输出处于高电位,从而表示容性重力传感器的倾斜方向。
图2描绘了一个提供表示两电容器2和5的容量之差的模拟输出装置。现参见图2,其中前面提及的元件具有相同的标号,单稳态多谐振荡器3和6以和上述图1的说明中同样的方式,引出其输出脉冲9和10。触发脉冲26以大约100c/s的频率输入单稳多谐振荡器3和6。输出脉冲9和10被分别连到积分电路40和41。积分电路40和41可分别由(例如)RC网络18,20和19,21组成。积分电路40和41的输出DC电压23和24被连接到差动放大器22,该放大器22的输出是一个表示直流电压23和24之差值的直流电压25。
因此,图2所示装置确定了电容器2和5两者间的电容量之差,而电容器2和5可为一个容性重力传感器的一部分并借助产生DC电压25而测得斜度,DC电压25的幅度随电容量之差而变,以此指示倾斜角,而且DC电压25的极性指示了倾斜方向。
虽然,本发明已以其最佳实施例作了描述,但它仅为说明起见,而不为限定所用,在不脱离本发明的实际范围和精神的情况下,本领域技术人员可能在所附权利要求的范围内作出多种改型。
Claims (10)
1、包括差动式电容检测器的容性重力传感器,它包括第一电容器和第二电容器,其特征在于还包括:
-用于产生其宽度表示第一电容器容量值的第一脉冲的第一脉冲发生器;
-用于产生其宽度表示第二电容器容量值的第二脉冲的第二脉冲发生器;
-为接收所述第一和第二脉冲而连接的比较装置,以提供一个表示所述第一和第二脉冲之间的脉宽之差的第三信号,并以此表示所述第一和第二电容器间的容量之差。
2、根据权利要求1的容性重力传感器,特征在于所述比较装置包括这样一个装置:它所提供的信号指示了在所述第一和第二脉冲中具有较大宽度的一个脉冲。
3、根据权利要求2的容性重力传感器,特征在于所述提供指示第一和第二脉冲中较宽者的装置是一个R-S双稳触发器。
4、根据权利要求2的容性重力传感器,特征在于所述第一和第二脉冲发生器分别包括第一和第二单稳多谐振荡器,所述第一和第二单稳多谐振荡器分别连到第一和第二固定电阻器和所述第一和第二电容器,由此建立RC时间常数-该常数确定所述第一和第二脉冲的宽度。
5、根据权利要求2的容性重力传感器,特征在于:所述比较装置还包括一个异门,以便接收所述第一和第二脉冲,提供所述第三个脉冲信号。
6、根据权利要求1的容性重力传感器,特征在于:所述比较装置包括第一和第二积分装置,分别为提供表示积分值的第一和第二DC电压信号,去接收所述第一和第二脉冲;和一个差动放大器-为提供代表所述第一和第二DC电压之差并由此表示所述第一和第二电容器的容量之差的一个DC输出电压,而去接收所述第一和第二DC电压。
7、根据权利要求6的容性重力传感器,特征在于:所述第一和第二积分装置的每一个包括一个RC积分网络。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/696,626 US4642555A (en) | 1985-01-31 | 1985-01-31 | Differential capacitance detector |
US696,626 | 1985-01-31 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN85109527A CN85109527A (zh) | 1986-07-30 |
CN1004174B true CN1004174B (zh) | 1989-05-10 |
Family
ID=24797882
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN85109527.5A Expired CN1004174B (zh) | 1985-01-31 | 1985-12-31 | 差动式电容检测器 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4642555A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0196735A3 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPS61176865A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1004174B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1245288A (zh) |
Families Citing this family (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62294975A (ja) * | 1986-06-16 | 1987-12-22 | Asa Denshi Kogyo Kk | 微少静電容量測定回路 |
US5045797A (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1991-09-03 | Drexelbrook Controls, Inc. | Continuous condition sensing system determining liquid level by admittance measurement |
US4788488A (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1988-11-29 | Drexelbrook Controls, Inc. | Continuous condition sensing system |
US4950998A (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1990-08-21 | Drexelbrook Controls, Inc. | Continuous condition sensing system |
US5335190A (en) * | 1987-06-22 | 1994-08-02 | Wedge Innovations Incorporated | Inclinometer which is rescalable through the use of multiple angles |
NO165697C (no) * | 1988-03-10 | 1991-03-20 | Inter Marketing Oy Ab | Sensor for ekthetskontroll av sikkerhetspapir. |
US5021740A (en) * | 1989-03-07 | 1991-06-04 | The Boeing Company | Method and apparatus for measuring the distance between a body and a capacitance probe |
EP0464145B1 (en) * | 1989-03-21 | 1996-07-17 | Zircon International, Inc. | Electronic capacitive level with automatic electrode selection |
US5180986A (en) * | 1989-05-22 | 1993-01-19 | Schaevitz Sensing Systems, Inc. | Two axis capacitive inclination sensor |
US5079847A (en) * | 1989-05-22 | 1992-01-14 | Schaevitz Sensing Systems, Inc. | Two axis inclination sensor |
US5092171A (en) * | 1989-06-13 | 1992-03-03 | Vdo Adolf Schindling Ag | Acceleration sensor with differential capacitance |
US5135485A (en) * | 1991-02-25 | 1992-08-04 | Louis Cohen | Capacitance-type fluid level sensor for i.v. and catheter bags |
DE4205989C2 (de) * | 1992-02-27 | 1994-12-22 | Mannesmann Kienzle Gmbh | Schaltungsanordnung für einen Geber |
US5802728A (en) * | 1995-08-17 | 1998-09-08 | Watson Industries, Inc. | Liquid level and angle detector |
DE19744152A1 (de) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-04-29 | Ifm Electronic Gmbh | Schaltungsanordnung zur Erfassung der Kapazität bzw. einer Kapazitätsänderung eines kapazitiven Schaltungs- oder Bauelementes |
US8674932B2 (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 2014-03-18 | Anascape, Ltd. | Image controller |
JP3659855B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-25 | 2005-06-15 | 株式会社タイコーデバイス | 傾斜センサ |
US6879056B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2005-04-12 | Intel Corporation | Converting sensed signals |
US6815944B2 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2004-11-09 | Allegro Microsystems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing information from a speed and direction sensor |
US7365530B2 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2008-04-29 | Allegro Microsystems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for vibration detection |
US7253614B2 (en) * | 2005-03-21 | 2007-08-07 | Allegro Microsystems, Inc. | Proximity detector having a sequential flow state machine |
US20070056179A1 (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2007-03-15 | Jerrold Beall | Angle reading and setting mechanism |
JP4970129B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-26 | 2012-07-04 | 株式会社フジクラ | 近接検知センサ及び近接検知方法 |
US7782220B2 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2010-08-24 | Fujikura Ltd. | Proximity sensor and proximity sensing method |
EP1862806B1 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2017-08-09 | Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. | Method and device for measuring the capacitance of a capacitive component |
DE102006029120B4 (de) * | 2006-06-22 | 2014-11-06 | Ifm Electronic Gmbh | Schaltungsanordnung zur Erfassung der Kapazität bzw. einer Kapazitätsänderung eines kapazitiven Schaltungs- oder Bauelements |
KR20090022155A (ko) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-04 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 정전용량형 mems 진동센서의 진동 극성 및 크기를감지하기 위한 양극성 구동회로 |
JP5191769B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-27 | 2013-05-08 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 容量検出装置及び方法 |
US8624588B2 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2014-01-07 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | Apparatus and method for providing an output signal indicative of a speed of rotation and a direction of rotation as a ferromagnetic object |
US8022692B2 (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2011-09-20 | Allegro Microsystems, Inc. | Direction detection sensor |
US9329057B2 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2016-05-03 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | Gear tooth sensor with peak and threshold detectors |
US8754640B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2014-06-17 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | Magnetic field sensors and related techniques that can provide self-test information in a formatted output signal |
CN103063949B (zh) * | 2012-12-18 | 2018-02-27 | 上海集成电路研发中心有限公司 | 一种电容失配检测电路及方法 |
US10495700B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2019-12-03 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | Method and system for providing information about a target object in a formatted output signal |
WO2017201002A2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-23 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | Magnetic field sensors and output signal formats for a magnetic field sensor |
US10656170B2 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2020-05-19 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | Magnetic field sensors and output signal formats for a magnetic field sensor |
CN109343137B (zh) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏师范大学 | 一种基于电容传感器的自由落体重力加速度测量装置 |
US11029176B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2021-06-08 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | System and method for vibration detection with no loss of position information using a magnetic field sensor |
US11125590B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2021-09-21 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | System and method for vibration detection with direction change response immunity using a magnetic field sensor |
EP3786912B1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2023-12-06 | Nxp B.V. | Integrated circuit and measurement method |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3783374A (en) * | 1972-04-07 | 1974-01-01 | Sundstrand Data Control | Capacitance difference detector circuit |
US4065715A (en) * | 1975-12-18 | 1977-12-27 | General Motors Corporation | Pulse duration modulated signal transducer |
DE3125366A1 (de) * | 1981-06-27 | 1983-02-24 | Kurt 7400 Tübingen Schaudt | Kapazitiver messwandler |
-
1985
- 1985-01-31 US US06/696,626 patent/US4642555A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-10-22 CA CA000493556A patent/CA1245288A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-20 JP JP60287577A patent/JPS61176865A/ja active Pending
- 1985-12-31 CN CN85109527.5A patent/CN1004174B/zh not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-01-16 EP EP86300271A patent/EP0196735A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4642555A (en) | 1987-02-10 |
EP0196735A3 (en) | 1990-07-25 |
JPS61176865A (ja) | 1986-08-08 |
CN85109527A (zh) | 1986-07-30 |
EP0196735A2 (en) | 1986-10-08 |
CA1245288A (en) | 1988-11-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN1004174B (zh) | 差动式电容检测器 | |
US3883812A (en) | Diode-quad bridge circuit means | |
US4987779A (en) | Pulse-driven accelerometer arrangement | |
US3012192A (en) | Electric system | |
KR910008910A (ko) | 배터리의 충전 상태 결정 장치 | |
US4142144A (en) | Position detector | |
EP0315888A1 (en) | Vehicle wheel alignment transducer system | |
JPH0477853B2 (zh) | ||
US3842655A (en) | Fluid density sensing systems | |
US3151487A (en) | Accelerometer | |
JPS57142051A (en) | Clock pickup circuit | |
US4538468A (en) | Electromagnetic flowmeter | |
EP0228809B1 (en) | Electromagnetic flowmeters | |
JPH04337565A (ja) | ピーク検出回路 | |
US3089332A (en) | Absolute vibration measuring instrument | |
US4066959A (en) | Electronic volt-square-hour metering method and apparatus | |
US3076129A (en) | Millivolt inverter | |
US7224193B2 (en) | Current-voltage conversion circuit | |
JP2804186B2 (ja) | ひずみ計測装置 | |
KR100389095B1 (ko) | 자이로스코프의 커패시턴스 변화량 측정장치 | |
JPH10190463A (ja) | 信号処理装置 | |
JP3352793B2 (ja) | 温度測定装置 | |
RU2168729C1 (ru) | Емкостной преобразователь | |
SU1161900A1 (ru) | Устройство дл измерени относительного отклонени емкости конденсаторов от номинального значени | |
SU886314A1 (ru) | Синхроселектор |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C13 | Decision | ||
GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CX01 | Expiry of patent term |