CN100413248C - Improved method and system for carrying out charging based on flow - Google Patents
Improved method and system for carrying out charging based on flow Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100413248C CN100413248C CNB2005100597761A CN200510059776A CN100413248C CN 100413248 C CN100413248 C CN 100413248C CN B2005100597761 A CNB2005100597761 A CN B2005100597761A CN 200510059776 A CN200510059776 A CN 200510059776A CN 100413248 C CN100413248 C CN 100413248C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- charging gateway
- flow
- gateway
- customer flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Abstract
The present invention discloses an improved method for charging based on flow, which runs in a network environment with a charging gateway working in a penetrating mode. The present invention comprises the following steps: (1) charging update messages sent by network devices of the access layer are received and recombined by the available charging gateway, and the recombined charging update messages are sent to a remote identifying dialing user service sever, wherein the charging update messages contain information about user flow; (2) the charging update messages are received by the remote identifying dialing user service sever, and the user flow contained in the charging update messages are compared with corresponding user flow in a local database, and charging response messages are returned to the available charging gateway according to the comparison result; (3) after the charging response messages are received by the available charging gateway, the current user flow is obtained from the charging response messages, and the value of the user flow is used to update the user flow in a local table. By adopting the method of the present invention, the charging method can be improved under the condition of keeping internet user flow well, and the economic loss of network operators is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network communications technology field, specifically, relate to a kind of based on improving one's methods and system that flow charges.
Background technology
Development along with broadband network technology, operator, enterprise network and campus network all require broadband network that charging, authentication, the manageable network of intelligence can be provided, so that the condition of network operation can be provided well, simultaneously, also need to realize charge on traffic based on the user, by the charge on traffic that becomes more meticulous, thoroughly eliminate in the past Proxy (acting server) indulging in the internet that the charging based on duration brings, in order to avoid being taken by Proxy, make the Chief Web Officer time charging can't cost-recovering.
Charging gateway replaces software mode to handle network management and charging with hardware mode, not only can solve the problem that software gateway is left over, and raise speed comprehensively, provide gigabit wire speed to transmit, in addition, by its powerful flow disposal ability, can promote the overall security and the reliability of network effectively.But in order to guarantee benefits of operators and terminal use's service quality, under the situation that the one-sided abnormal power-down of charging gateway is restarted, how in the stability and reliability that guarantee network application, farthest effectively safeguard the charging of current all Internet users based on flow, be surf the Net charge system at present must not irrespective problem.
Current, handling based on the management of Internet user's flow and a kind of mode of charging based on the charging gateway of hardware mode is that charging gateway works in the pattern of penetrating, and Figure 1 shows that typical charging gateway works in the network environment of the network insertion charge system under the pattern of penetrating.In this system, core component is access layer network equipment, charging gateway and RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service, a remote authentication dial-in user service) server.
For reliability and the stability that guarantees network operation, the charging gateway shown in Fig. 1 also can be for being made as two mutually redundant charging gateways, the networking structure figure that has two mutually redundant charging gateways simultaneously that is shown in Figure 2.Wherein, in this networking structure, move STP (Spanning TreeProtocol between the switch, Spanning-Tree Protocol) agreement because the STP agreement guarantees every switch is placed on the tree structure, has only a paths thereby make between any 2 switches, that is, can guarantee that data traffic only walks one from A and B, if there is redundant link, corresponding port is not transmitted grouping with regard to being arranged to blocking model.This network construction form and function have been eliminated the possibility that the bridge loop occurs, move VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol between the charging gateway, virtual route backup agreement) agreement is to monitor RADIUS-link (remote authentication dial-in user service-connection) port.
But in the network environment of above-mentioned two kinds of reality, all there is the inaccurate problem of flow measurement after charging gateway restarts unusually.Specifically be exactly, in the charging gateway restarting process, because the time interval that charging gateway is restarted is very short, terminal use, access-layer switch and RADIUS (Remote AuthenticationDial-In User Service, remote authentication dial-in user service) server is not all known this situation, therefore, and after charging gateway is restarted, the authentication port that the user connected on the access layer network equipment is still unlatching, and all users that authenticated can both normally surf the Net.But, when chargeing renewal, the active user's that RADIUS receives flow is zero-based, be a very little amount in a period of time, little more than the customer flow of preserving in the database on the radius server, at this moment, radius server can think that the customer flow that charging gateway write down is inaccurate, thereby this flow is abandoned, cause the user can Free Internet Access in a period of time, brought very big economic loss to operator.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention just provides a kind of in above-mentioned two kinds of network environments, can guarantee the billing gateway device abnormal restarting after, safeguard the surf the Net method and system of charging of flow to the full extent effectively based on the user.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of based on improving one's methods that flow charges, operation is operated in the network environment of the charging gateway under the pattern of penetrating, described network environment comprises access layer network equipment, remote authentication dialing user server, at least one charging gateway and a user, described access layer network equipment is connected to remote authentication dialing user server by charging gateway, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) after charging gateway receives the billing update packet and reorganization that access layer network equipment sends, billing update packet after the transmission reorganization carries active user's flow information to remote authentication dialing user server in the billing update packet after the wherein said reorganization;
(2) after described remote authentication dialing user server receives the message that the charging after the aforementioned reorganization upgrades, customer flow in the billing update packet and the customer flow in the local data base are compared, and the customer flow that both intermediate values are bigger turns back to described charging gateway by the charging response message;
(2) after described charging gateway is received the charging response message, from the charging response message, obtain active user's flow, and upgrade customer flow in this face of land with this customer flow numerical value.
Wherein, step (2) is specially:
(21) described remote authentication dialing user server obtains the customer flow F1 in the billing update packet after the described reorganization;
(22) described remote authentication dialing user server obtains the customer flow F2 in the local data base;
(23) whether judge described F1 greater than F2, as F1 greater than F2 then with the F1 F2 in the new database more; Otherwise, then described F2 is write the charging response message;
(24) send the charging response message to charging gateway.
Wherein, when described charging gateway is two, then one of them is in running order, another one is in stand-by state, if described in running order charging gateway is because after the one-sided abnormal restarting of certain unknown cause, the described charging gateway that is in stand-by state is at once in running order, makes terminal Internet user's normal business of networking can not be affected.
Wherein, move Spanning-Tree Protocol between the described access layer network equipment, the virtual route backup agreement of operation between the described charging gateway.
The present invention also provides a kind of system that charges based on flow, comprising:
Access layer network equipment is used for inserting the Internet user;
Be operated in the charging gateway under the pattern of penetrating, be used for finishing the collection of customer flow;
Remote authentication dialing user server is used for cooperating charging gateway to finish smart charge at least;
Described access layer network equipment is connected to remote authentication dialing user server by charging gateway; It is characterized in that:
Corresponding customer flow in the billing update packet that contains customer flow information that described remote authentication dialing user server transmits by charging gateway relatively and the local data base, and then in returning the charging response message, writing the bigger customer flow information of both intermediate values to charging gateway, described charging gateway is according to the active user's flow in the described charging response message renewal charging gateway.
Wherein, the comparison process of described remote authentication dialing user server is:
Receive the billing update packet that described access layer network equipment transmits;
Obtain the customer flow F1 in the described billing update packet;
Obtain the customer flow F2 in the local data base flow;
Judge that described F1 whether greater than F2, then upgrades F2 with F1 as F1 greater than F2, otherwise described F2 is write the charging response message;
Send the charging response message to described charging gateway.
Wherein, when described charging gateway is two, one of them is in running order, another is in stand-by state, if described in running order charging gateway is because after the one-sided abnormal restarting of certain unknown cause, the described charging gateway that is in stand-by state is at once in running order, makes terminal Internet user's normal business of networking can not be affected.
Wherein, what person is in running order for described two charging gateways, and what person is in stand-by state, is to realize by configuration in access layer network equipment.
Compare with existing technical scheme, because in the method and system provided by the invention, after charging gateway is restarted because of abnormal power-down, by sending billing update packet in time to remote authentication dialing user server, and then make its more customer flow in the new database, and further decision returns to the response message of charging gateway according to the information in the billing update packet.Thereby solved in the prior art after charging gateway is restarted, thereby less customer flow is thought by remote authentication dialing user server and abandoned unusually in the charging update request, make the inaccurate problem of Internet user's flow measurement in a period of time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention only has a charging gateway to be operated in networking structure figure under the pattern of penetrating.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention has two mutually redundant charging gateways simultaneously and is operated in networking structure figure under the pattern of penetrating.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of improving one's methods that charges based on flow provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Key point of the present invention just is in the applied concrete network environment of the present invention, RADI US server can intelligence the billing update packet that sends of identification charging gateway, and according to the information in the billing update packet decision returns to the response message of charging gateway.Based on this, the invention provides following method and system, concrete execution mode will further describe in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Difference according to the concrete mode of operation of charging gateway in the existing network environment, method provided by the present invention specifically has two kinds of execution modes (charging gateway single cpu mode or two-shipper backup each other pattern), to be that typical network environment is set forth to have the charging gateway dual-host backup that is operated under the pattern of penetrating below, having when using this method in the network environment that is operated in the single charging gateway under the pattern of penetrating be some step of corresponding omission.
＜embodiment 1 〉
As shown in Figure 2, in charging gateway is operated in dual-host backup networking structure figure under the pattern of penetrating, operation STP agreement between the switch, because the STP agreement guarantees every switch is placed on the tree structure, have only a paths thereby make between any 2 switches, that is, can guarantee that data traffic only walks one from A and B port, if there is redundant link, corresponding port is not transmitted grouping with regard to being arranged to blocking model.Operation VRRP agreement between the charging gateway is to monitor the RADIUS-link port.Charging gateway 1 and charging gateway 2 backup each other, and have a charging gateway in running order under the normal condition, and a charging gateway is in Status of Backups.
Suppose that charging gateway 1 is in normal operating conditions among Fig. 2, charging gateway 2 is in Status of Backups.When charging gateway 1 because during certain unusual one-sided outage, charging gateway 2 is at once in running order, in charging gateway 1 restarting process, networking structure figure shown in Figure 2 has guaranteed that user's normal business of networking can not be affected, in addition, the customer flow that this moment, charging gateway 2 collected is a very little value, and the maintenance task of customer flow is finished by radius server, in the charging response message, radius server is with the part of the active user's flow in the local data base as a message content, return to charging gateway 2, charging gateway 2 obtains active user's flow from billing update packet, and local user's flow done real-time update, after this user's flow collection and record are all the same with process before charging gateway 1 is restarted.
Specifically, relevantly the present invention is based on flow chart that flow charges as shown in Figure 3, in Fig. 3, add the handling process that thick dashed line is used for representing to separate various device, uppermost expression access layer network equipment flowsheet, middle expression charging gateway flow process, nethermost expression radius server flow process.At first, whether access layer network equipment is made regular check on the update cycle of chargeing according to the cycle of setting and is finished, and does not finish then is in wait state if.Cycle update time finishes if the access layer network device discovery charges, and then sends billing update packet to charging gateway.At this moment need to judge which charging gateway can use, if charging gateway 1 can with utilize charging gateway 1 to obtain customer flow in this face of land, reorganization remote authentication dialing user server billing update packet.If charging gateway 1 is restarted when becoming unavailable because of certain reason, judge further then whether charging gateway 2 is available, if charging gateway 2 can be used, then utilize charging gateway 2 to obtain customer flow in this face of land of charging gateway, reorganization remote authentication dialing user server billing update packet, otherwise overtime end.After the billing update packet reorganization, current available charging gateway sends billing update packet to remote authentication dialing user server, after remote authentication dialing user server obtains billing update packet, obtain the customer flow F1 in the described billing update packet, and from local data base, take out customer flow F2, whether judge described F1 then greater than F2, as F1 greater than F2 then with the F1 customer flow F2 in the new database more, and send the charging response message to described available charging gateway.Otherwise, then directly described F2 is write the charging response message, send the charging response message then to available charging gateway.After current available charging gateway is received described charging response message, behind the charging response message, obtain active user's flow, and upgrade customer flow in this face of land with this customer flow numerical value; Available then charging gateway sends billing update packet to NAS (Network AccessServer, network access server).
＜embodiment 2 〉
Need two charging gateways according to networking structure shown in Figure 1, if operator's economic condition is limited, when having only a charging gateway, the present invention can realize chargeing accurately based on Internet user's flow equally.
Network configuration shown in Figure 1 promptly is this networking situation, wherein has only a charging gateway.This moment, a GE (gigabit Ethernet) port of charging gateway linked to each other with core switch, another links to each other with outer net, outer net herein generally is Internet or CERNET, this charging gateway can be transparent and linear speed ground flow is forwarded to outer online, finish flow collection simultaneously based on the user, cooperate with radius server, finish smart charge and daily record monitoring; Another 100,000,000, the support of gigabit adaptive interface and radius server report by the collection that radius protocol carries out flow.
On the idiographic flow and flow process during dual-host backup basic identical, just lacked the switching between two mutually redundant charging gateways by contrast.As shown in Figure 1, after if the one-sided abnormal power-down of charging gateway is restarted, access-layer switch has sent billing update packet, charging gateway is a very little value by the customer flow that billing update packet is forwarded to radius server, the customer flow of being stored in customer flow that carries in the radius server comparison billing update packet and the local data base, if it is littler than the customer flow in the local data base to detect the flow that charging gateway sends up, radius server just returns to charging gateway by the charging response message with the flow in the local data base, thereby upgrades the active user's flow in the charging gateway.Through after this process, the flow in the charging gateway is just more accurate, thereby also can prevent losing of customer flow to the full extent.
Complex chart 1, Fig. 2, concrete formation based on the inaccurate improvement of charge on traffic system provided by the present invention is: include the charging gateway, access layer network equipment, remote authentication dialing user server and the user that are operated under the pattern of penetrating at least, wherein access layer network equipment is connected to remote authentication dialing user server by charging gateway.Access layer network equipment regularly sends billing update packet to charging gateway according to the cycle of setting, charging gateway sends to remote authentication dialing user server after message is recombinated, its key just is that described remote authentication dialing user server contains a charging message processing module, be used for receiving the billing update packet that the access layer network equipment of described charging gateway reorganization transmits and handle, and return the charging response message according to the result who handles and give described charging gateway.
Wherein, the processing procedure of the charging message processing module described in the described remote authentication dialing user server comprises:
Receive the billing update packet that described access layer network equipment transmits;
Obtain the customer flow F1 in the described billing update packet;
Obtain the customer flow F2 in the local data base flow;
Judge that described F1 whether greater than F2, then upgrades F2 with F1 as F1 greater than F2;
Described F2 is write the charging response message;
Send the charging response message to described charging gateway.
In addition, the charging gateway of native system can be two, and concrete formation also can be single charging gateway as shown in Figure 2, and concrete formation then as shown in Figure 1.
In sum, adopt method and system of the present invention, can prevent that charging gateway is under abnormal power-down is restarted situation, maintenance customer's flow information effectively, be unlikely to bring economic loss to operator, simultaneously in the charging gateway restarting process, will eliminate or be reduced to minimum the influence of the normal business of networking of user, guaranteed the reliability and stability of the network operation.
Claims (8)
1. one kind based on improving one's methods that flow charges, operation is operated in the network environment of the charging gateway under the pattern of penetrating, described network environment comprises access layer network equipment, remote authentication dialing user server, at least one charging gateway and a user, described access layer network equipment is connected to remote authentication dialing user server by charging gateway, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) after charging gateway receives the billing update packet and reorganization that access layer network equipment sends, billing update packet after the transmission reorganization carries active user's flow information to remote authentication dialing user server in the billing update packet after the wherein said reorganization;
(2) after described remote authentication dialing user server receives the message that the charging after the aforementioned reorganization upgrades, customer flow in the billing update packet and the customer flow in the local data base are compared, and the customer flow that both intermediate values are bigger turns back to described charging gateway by the charging response message;
(3) after described charging gateway is received the charging response message, from the charging response message, obtain active user's flow, and upgrade customer flow in this face of land with this customer flow numerical value.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, step (2) is specially:
(21) described remote authentication dialing user server obtains the customer flow F1 in the billing update packet after the described reorganization;
(22) described remote authentication dialing user server obtains the customer flow F2 in the local data base;
(23) whether judge described F1 greater than F2, as F1 greater than F2 then with the F1 F2 in the new database more; Otherwise, then described F2 is write the charging response message;
(24) send the charging response message to charging gateway.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, when described charging gateway is two, then one of them is in running order, another one is in stand-by state, if described in running order charging gateway is because after the one-sided abnormal restarting of certain unknown cause, the described charging gateway that is in stand-by state is at once in running order, makes terminal Internet user's normal business of networking can not be affected.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, moves Spanning-Tree Protocol between the described access layer network equipment, the virtual route backup agreement of operation between the described charging gateway.
5. system that charges based on flow comprises:
Access layer network equipment is used for inserting the Internet user;
Be operated in the charging gateway under the pattern of penetrating, be used for finishing the collection of customer flow;
Remote authentication dialing user server is used for cooperating charging gateway to finish smart charge at least;
Described access layer network equipment is connected to remote authentication dialing user server by charging gateway; It is characterized in that:
Corresponding customer flow in the billing update packet that contains customer flow information that described remote authentication dialing user server transmits by charging gateway relatively and the local data base, and then in returning the charging response message, writing the bigger customer flow information of both intermediate values to charging gateway, described charging gateway is according to the active user's flow in the described charging response message renewal charging gateway.
6. system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the comparison process of described remote authentication dialing user server is:
Receive the billing update packet that described access layer network equipment transmits;
Obtain the customer flow F1 in the described billing update packet;
Obtain the customer flow F2 in the local data base flow;
Judge that described F1 whether greater than F2, then upgrades F2 with F1 as F1 greater than F2, otherwise described F2 is write the charging response message;
Send the charging response message to described charging gateway.
7. as claim 5 or 6 described systems, it is characterized in that, when described charging gateway is two, one of them is in running order, another is in stand-by state, if described in running order charging gateway is because after the one-sided abnormal restarting of certain unknown cause, the described charging gateway that is in stand-by state is at once in running order, makes terminal Internet user's normal business of networking can not be affected.
8. system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, what person is in running order for described two charging gateways, and what person is in stand-by state, is to realize by configuration in access layer network equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100597761A CN100413248C (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | Improved method and system for carrying out charging based on flow |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100597761A CN100413248C (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | Improved method and system for carrying out charging based on flow |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1842011A CN1842011A (en) | 2006-10-04 |
| CN100413248C true CN100413248C (en) | 2008-08-20 |
Family
ID=37030868
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100597761A Active CN100413248C (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | Improved method and system for carrying out charging based on flow |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100413248C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101754161B (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2013-03-27 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for realizing policy and charging control |
| EP2677694A1 (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-12-25 | Thomson Licensing | Method for data transfer from a first network to a second network and apparatus implementing the method |
| CN104125083A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2014-10-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Active/standby switchover method, device, equipment and system for network equipment |
| CN106878030B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2020-02-11 | 新华三技术有限公司 | Charging method and device |
| CN111490997B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2023-05-12 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | Task processing method, proxy system, service system and electronic equipment |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1477846A (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2004-02-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Prepayment method and its prepayment system |
| CN1507200A (en) * | 2002-12-07 | 2004-06-23 | ��Ϊ��������˾ | Radio LAN service system and method charging based on user's data flow rate |
| CN1531249A (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for communication charge by charge identification |
| WO2004100519A1 (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2004-11-18 | Nortel Networks Limited | Online charging in a communications network |
-
2005
- 2005-03-31 CN CNB2005100597761A patent/CN100413248C/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1477846A (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2004-02-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Prepayment method and its prepayment system |
| CN1507200A (en) * | 2002-12-07 | 2004-06-23 | ��Ϊ��������˾ | Radio LAN service system and method charging based on user's data flow rate |
| CN1531249A (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for communication charge by charge identification |
| WO2004100519A1 (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2004-11-18 | Nortel Networks Limited | Online charging in a communications network |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1842011A (en) | 2006-10-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1949774B (en) | Method and apparatus for managing web application program conversation | |
| CN106412113A (en) | Energy cloud service system and communication method thereof | |
| CN110784495B (en) | Block chain-based discovery and configuration information management method for big data cluster system | |
| CN103309790A (en) | Method and device for monitoring mobile terminal | |
| CN104092746B (en) | A kind of O＆M auditing system and the network load balancing method in its system | |
| CN101595689B (en) | Change of subscriber information in a multi-chassis network access environment | |
| CN100413248C (en) | Improved method and system for carrying out charging based on flow | |
| CN112506702B (en) | Disaster recovery method, device, equipment and storage medium for data center | |
| CN104219327A (en) | Distributed cache system | |
| CN101409654B (en) | Method for processing SNMP information in network management system | |
| CN101207522A (en) | Method and apparatus for implementation of collocation task scheduling | |
| CN106453541A (en) | Data synchronization method, server and data synchronization system | |
| CN108134713A (en) | A kind of communication means and device | |
| JP2006261827A (en) | Network apparatus, management apparatus thereof, network connection method, and network connection management method thereof | |
| CN106656584B (en) | Distributed system invalid node judgment method | |
| CN110213359A (en) | A kind of car networking networking data delivery system and method based on D2D | |
| CN206461664U (en) | A kind of data collecting system | |
| CN105592485B (en) | A method of it is acquired in real time based on SNMP network management protocol and handles message | |
| CN116302862B (en) | Monitoring alarm method and system under micro-service architecture | |
| CN104009961A (en) | PPPoE session ID distribution method and equipment thereof | |
| CN106972973A (en) | A kind of control method, controller and interchanger | |
| CN110505648A (en) | A kind of anti-lost line method of wireless device | |
| CN100576185C (en) | Signal conditioning package and information processing method | |
| CN114143904B (en) | CPE management method based on 5G fusion network shunt | |
| CN103475465B (en) | MACsec key update method and device in ISSU process |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 310052 Binjiang District Changhe Road, Zhejiang, China, No. 466, No. Patentee after: Xinhua three Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 310053 Hangzhou hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Zhejiang province science and Technology Industrial Park, No. 310 and No. six road, HUAWEI, Hangzhou production base Patentee before: Huasan Communication Technology Co., Ltd. |