The dispatching method of multi-class business and system thereof in the EPON
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of EPON (PON) communications field, relate in particular to the dispatching method and the system thereof of multi-class business in a kind of PON system.
Background technology
Passive optical access network (PON) is the technical scheme that a kind of optical distributed network that utilizes Passive Optical Components such as optical fiber and light separator to make up carries out broadband access.It normally is made of optical line terminal (OLT), optical network unit (ONU) and optical distributed network (ODN).As shown in Figure 1: an OLT communicates by any tree-like ODN and a plurality of ONU to multiple spot; Descending employing broadcast mode, ONU receives one's own packet according to the sign of packet; Up employing time division multiplexing (TDMA) mode shared bandwidth, ONU can only transmit information distributing on the time slot of oneself to OLT, can only wait for At All Other Times.The uplink time slot of ONU is distributed by OLT, and OLT notifies it when to begin transmit ascending data and how long transmit by sending gated information to ONU.Like this, OLT just can control the allocated bandwidth of up link between each ONU.This shows that to the multidrop network structure, all ONU share transmission medium by the scheduling of OLT based on any in the PON system.Existing P ON technology has the APON based on ATM, based on the EPON of Ethernet and the GPON with gigabit speed.
The PON system often adopts Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) strategy in order to effectively utilize bandwidth, and promptly OLT goes dynamically to adjust the upstream bandwidth amount of distributing to ONU according to the practical business state of ONU.The DBA bandwidth allocation is: OLT at first needs to understand the service condition of each ONU, and utilizes these state informations to finish DBA and calculate, and obtains the amount of bandwidth that each ONU should obtain.Then, convert amount of bandwidth the uplink time slot size of ONU to, and pass through descending gating message informing ONU.Usually, the Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation of multi-stage service comprises: business scheduling method and bandwidth allocation algorithm.We only discuss its business scheduling method the present invention.
In the former business scheduling method, each ONU only reports to OLT to the quene state of whole ONU, and the queuing message that OLT obtains by processing determines transmission time started and the concluding time of each ONU.This mechanism can be good at operation in the situation of having only single level traffic to exist.But along with the development of Ethernet, the class of business that it is supported is also more and more, and original allocated bandwidth mechanism can not adapt to the scheduling requirement of multiple business.In order better to support multi-service, at present, industry has proposed in the ONU side business of different priorities to be handled respectively, sends the high business of priority level earlier, sends the low business of priority level again.This mode has solved the scheduling problem of the business of the inner different priorities of single ONU, but, this mode can not be handled the business of multipriority liberally between a plurality of ONU, such as, certain ONU business that upward rank is lower still may go up the higher business of rank prior to other ONU and be transmitted.
In order to address the above problem, provide following solution in the patent application that application number is " 200410017231.x ", be entitled as " being used for dispatching the control method and the system of the multi-service classification of EPON ": a plurality of optical network units regularly send the report message of the information that comprises each class of service to optical line terminal; Optical line terminal is according to the report message from all ONU that receives, according to priority distribute the transmission time respectively for the business of all categories of a plurality of optical network units, and, according to the described report message that receives, described optical line terminal is dispatched the different classes of business of described a plurality of optical network units.Wherein, the channel width priority allocation is given report message, is the high business of priority level then, is the low business of priority level at last.After having only the high one-level business of all ONU to obtain required bandwidth, just consider the business of next stage.So each ONU carries out repeatedly transmitting uplink data respectively for business at different levels in the same different time-gap of uploading the cycle.
Because in the PON system, each ONU uses oneself independently laser, and OLT only uses an optical receiver to receive the signal that each ONU sends.And each ONU is different with the distance of OLT.So at the receiving terminal of OLT, may there be sudden change in the light signal that different time-gap receives on wavelength, power and clock phase.This causes very big difficulty just for the synchronous reception of OLT.In order to make OLT accurately capture the signal that each ONU sends, the PON system requires 1. to have a segment protect bandwidth usually between two ONU upstream datas; 2. each ONU sent one section pilot signal earlier so that OLT obtains clock synchronization before sending useful signal.It should be noted that the shared bandwidth of protection bandwidth and pilot signal is very considerable.Particularly in EPON, because the expansion of receiving optical signals dynamic range, the pilot signal of requirement may be longer.
So, in the dispatching method of former multi-class business, OLT is the business datum that the different transmission time slot of ONU distribution transmits different priorities respectively, and ONU must send pilot signal for some time in each new time slot, and this just greatly reduces the bandwidth availability ratio of system.When the ONU number more for a long time or the business datum amount of transmission hour, this waste is more serious.For example, when the delivery status report message, because status message itself is very short, the bandwidth waste that causes is just quite big.
Therefore, need provide a kind of multi-class business scheduling method that can effectively utilize bandwidth.It not only can solve between single ONU inside and a plurality of ONU and handle many top grades business liberally, to satisfy the service request of various traffic classes; And can reduce the number of times that ONU in the one-period carries out data upload as far as possible, accomplish that as far as possible an ONU only once uploads at one-period, to improve bandwidth availability ratio.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that can effectively utilize various types of various-service in the bandwidth scheduling EPON, described EPON comprises optical line terminal and a plurality of optical network unit, and this method comprises the following steps:
A plurality of optical network units send the report message that comprises service category information to described optical line terminal in the cycle of a regular length; Optical line terminal is one continuous uplink period of traffic assignments of all categories of described each optical network unit according to described each report message that receives; And according to the described report message that receives, described optical line terminal is dispatched the different classes of business of described each optical network unit.
Preferably, described optical line terminal is dispatched the different classes of business of each optical network unit according to class of service priority level order from high to low.
Preferably, described Optical Network Terminal will send gating grouping respectively to described each optical network unit, and wherein said gating grouping comprises to the transmission time of these all different classes of business of optical network unit with to the scheduling of the business of all categories of optical network unit.
Preferably, optical line terminal inserts personal distance, to avoid conflict between the data of described each ONU uplink when the different classes of business of each ONU of scheduling.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of optical line terminal that is applicable to passive optical network, described EPON comprises and is used to receive and a plurality of optical network units that send the light data and the optical line terminal that links to each other with optical network unit by optical distributed network that described optical line terminal comprises:
An allocation schedule processing unit, be used for according to the described report message of described optical line terminal from each reception of described a plurality of optical network units, be one continuous uplink period of traffic assignments of all categories of described a plurality of optical network units, and the different classes of business of described a plurality of optical network units is dispatched.
The described allocation schedule processing unit of described optical line terminal can be made of the software module of central processing unit operation, also can be made of hardware circuit module.
Preferably, the described allocation schedule processing unit of optical line terminal constitutes like this, makes described optical line terminal dispatch the different classes of business of optical network unit according to class of service priority level order from high to low.
Preferably, the described allocation schedule processing unit of optical line terminal constitutes like this, make described optical line terminal to send gating grouping respectively to described each optical network unit, the initial uplink that wherein said gating grouping comprises corresponding optical network unit following one-period constantly and be the transmission bandwidth information of the business of each priority (comprising report message) distribution.
Preferably, the described allocation schedule processing unit of optical line terminal constitutes like this, make described optical line terminal when the different classes of business of each optical network unit of scheduling, between the upstream data of described each optical network unit, insert personal distance, to avoid conflict
Preferably, optical line terminal is a service quality of traffic flow configuration (QOS) buffer of each constant bit rate, utilizes existing synchronised clock to recover the business of constant bit rate.Further, the invention provides a kind of optical network unit that is applicable to passive optical network, described passive optical network comprises being used to receive with a plurality of optical network units that send the light data and links to each other with the optical line terminal that links to each other with optical network unit by optical distributed network that described optical network unit also comprises:
A Message Processing uploading unit, be used for according to the gating message of optical line terminal in the uplink time period of distributing with report message and the disposable together optical line terminal that sends to of business datum at different levels.
Described Message Processing uploading unit can be made of the software module of central processing unit operation, also can be made of hardware circuit module.
Preferably, optical network unit is a service quality of traffic flow configuration (QOS) buffer of each constant bit rate, utilizes existing synchronised clock to recover the business of constant bit rate.
By the present invention,, and tell ONU the bandwidth that different classes of business should account for by gating message because OLT is continuous uplink time period of all kinds of traffic assignments of ONU.Like this, ONU just can once finish the data transmission of all categories business in the continuous time.In whole data transfer procedure, it is at first processed as the highest message of priority level that report message is actually; Be constant bit rate (CBR) business then; And then other business according to priority order are handled after the CBR business successively, thereby ONU is uploaded in one continuous period in all business of this period treatment.Because each ONU only need carry out data upload one time among the present invention in one-period, so only need send pilot signal one time, has saved bandwidth greatly, has improved the bandwidth availability ratio of network, has improved the transmission performance of system.And OLT and ONU have very clear and definite function separately, and OLT is responsible for coordinating between each ONU and the order of transmission of the inner service with different priority levels stream of each ONU; ONU only is responsible for the report service condition and finishes the transmission of report message and each priority service data according to the gating message of receiving in distributed time slot.
The description of execution mode and accompanying drawing by the back, other purpose of the present invention and feature will become clearer.
Description of drawings
Quote and the accompanying drawing of forming a specification part shows embodiments of the present invention at this, and be used to explain principle of the present invention in conjunction with declaratives.
Fig. 1 is typical EPON (PON) system;
Fig. 2 is a kind of typical a bit to the network configuration of multiple spot PON and the general structure of OLT and ONU;
Fig. 3 is pairing OLT of the present invention and the multi-class business scheduling method of ONU;
Fig. 4 is the signal legend of the business datum that sends of OLT and ONU;
Fig. 5 is pairing ONU report message of the present invention and OLT gating message;
Fig. 6 is that the present invention is a bit to the network configuration of multiple spot PON and the general structure of OLT and ONU.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred implementation of the present invention is described in detail.For briefly, suppose that PON has only carried two kinds of different classes of business, professional and variable bit rate (VBR) business of constant bit rate (CBR).Wherein the CBR business is as high-priority service, and the VBR business is as low priority traffice.But the present invention is not limited thereto, and it can support a plurality of other business of level.
Fig. 2 illustrates one typically a bit to the network configuration of multiple spot PON and the general structure of OLT and ONU, and shown PON system comprises an OLT100 and two ONU, ONU 101 and ONU102.Certainly this system can also support more ONU.
As shown in Figure 2, the ONU 101 of PON and ONU 102 include 21, one central processing units 22 of an optical transceiver, are used for the transmitting-receiving port 25 of CBR business, buffer 24 and the transmitting-receiving port 26 that is used for the VBR business; Wherein, optical transceiver 21 is used for receiving and sending light signal, and central processing unit 22 is used to carry out various operations, correctly moves to guarantee each ONU; The structural similarity of OLT and ONU comprises 11, one central processing units 12 of an optical transceiver, is used for the transmitting-receiving port 15 of CBR business, buffer 14 and the transmitting-receiving port 16 that is used for the VBR business.Because the message that OLT need handle is more, for guaranteeing the operation of OLT, the processing speed that its central processing unit 12 requires is higher.
For whole PON system, among the OLT 100, under the control of central processing unit 12, OLT sends downlink business to ONU 101 and ONU 102 by its optical transceiver 11.Passive light branch/combiner 103 is separated into two identical signals with downlink optical signal, mails to ONU 101 and ONU102 respectively.This is a kind of broadcast mechanism, and one's own signal is not only arranged in each branch, also comprises the signal that belongs to other ONU.The optical transceiver 21 of ONU 101 and ONU 102 is used to receive the light signal of being sent by OLT 100 and sends this ONU upstream data.Each ONU according to this message of identity validation of receiving message whether to one's name, ONU will receive one's own message, and abandon the message that belongs to other ONU.On the up direction, the optical transceiver 21 of ONU 101 and ONU 102 sends upstream data service at the transmission time slot of OLT 100 appointments to OLT 100 respectively, uses the mode of time division multiplexing (TDMA) to share uplink optical fibers.
(a) of Fig. 3 and (b) show the flow process that OLT of the present invention and ONU send message and dispatching services data respectively.For ONU, ONU receives the relevant professional gating message (step 201) of distributing bandwidth of all categories of OLT, and this gating message comprises this ONU original transmission moment, professional priority level of all categories, the time span of CBR traffic assignments, the time span of VBR traffic assignments; Afterwards, ONU is according to gating message, and ONU is assembled into report message with the queue state information of inner different business and sends to OLT (step 202) with professional upstream data of all categories in the cycle of certain hour length.It should be noted that in the former passive optical network that each optical network unit also is only to carry out transmission of uplink data one time, wherein also comprises report message.But Previous System does not also require the transmitting uplink data of finishing all optical network units in the system in the cycle of certain-length, so they can't support multi-level business, particularly constant bit rate service.The present invention finishes the transmitting uplink data of all optical network units in the cycle of certain hour length, thereby for supporting the multiple business rank to provide the foundation.For OLT, OLT reads information wherein after receiving each ONU report message (step 211), and carries out the bandwidth allocation process (step 212) of each priority service according to its content.OLT is one period continuous transmitting uplink data time period of each ONU traffic assignments of all categories, OLT carry out each ONU upload allocated bandwidth the time must adopt certain mechanism to guarantee the transmission bandwidth and the quality of each priority service.The present invention does not relate to concrete mechanism, only emphasizes OLT when carrying out allocated bandwidth, not only will be implemented in the priority assignment bandwidth of each ONU internal condition business, also will be implemented between the different ONU priority assignment bandwidth according to business.Because ONU sends to the information that comprises each level traffic in the report message of OLT, and the known assignable total amount of bandwidth of OLT, so realize that this point is not so difficult.For example, OLT can be earlier the traffic assignments bandwidth of the highest level of each ONU, be second priority service then, after so continuing to finish the distribution of all business, OLT will distribute to the bandwidth of the business at different levels of each ONU and merge into one continuous uplink period, and the shared part of business at different levels is sent to ONU by gating message.Simultaneously, for transmitting uplink data avoids conflict, OLT leaves certain personal distance in each ONU uplink time period, and further, OLT is assembled into gating message with the allocated bandwidth result of all kinds of business of this ONU and sends to each ONU (step 213).
Usually, in the PON system, in order to support the CBR business, no matter at up direction or at down direction, always be to send corresponding C BR packet regular time at interval with 125 microseconds.Using 125 microseconds is in order to be suitable for the transmission of constant rate of speed as 8KHz TDM business as the time interval.Among the present invention, CBR (constant bit rate) business is to begin to handle after each ONU finishes uploading of report message.Because the initial transmitting time that each ONU is assigned with is all different in the cycle of each 125 μ s, the CBR business no longer is to upload at fixing time slot; But in order to guarantee its quality, ONU must be assigned with respective length in each cycle time slot (bandwidth) carries out the transmission of CBR business.Because the OLT side possessed very accurate clock system, OLT, ONU only need adopt the method for buffer memory just can the higher constant bit rate of supporting business quality requirement.
Fig. 4 further shows the form of the business datum that OLT 100 and ONU 101, ONU 102 sent.The upstream bits stream of ONU 101 is made up of pilot signal A, report message A, CBR business datum A and VBR business datum A.The upstream bits stream of ONU 102 is made up of pilot signal B, report message B, CBR business datum B and VBR business datum B.Legend as seen, OLT during each ONU transmitting uplink data, leaves certain personal distance, to avoid conflict in scheduling between ONU 101 and ONU 102 upstream datas; And in one-period, all categories business datum of single ONU sent in one continuous period, rather than distributed an independent sending time slots respectively for the data of every kind of different kinds of business.The downstream bits stream of OLT 100 is by the gating message that mails to each ONU (gating grouping A, gating grouping B), and CBR business datum (the professional B of CBR professional A, CBR) and VBR business datum (the professional B of VBR professional A, VBR) are formed.
Fig. 5 shows the example of concrete ONU report message and OLT gating message.The ONU report message is made up of service queue state of all categories, for example: CBR queue state information, VBR queue state information; Usually the individual queue state information can comprise this professional priority, queue length information etc.; OLT gating message comprises that each ONU upstream data sends initial time information, CBR traffic assignments duration, VBR traffic assignments duration composition.
Fig. 6 illustrates the present invention a bit to the network configuration of multiple spot PON and the general structure of OLT and ONU.Similar with the general structure of OLT and ONU to typical PON network configuration, shown PON comprises an OLT100 and two ONU, ONU 101 and ONU 102.Certainly the present invention can also support more ONU.
In Fig. 6 example, the ONU 101 of PON and ONU 102 include 21, one central processing units 22 of an optical transceiver, are used for the transmitting-receiving port 25 of CBR business, buffer 24 and the transmitting-receiving port 26 that is used for the VBR business; Wherein, optical transceiver 21 is used for receiving and sending light signal, and central processing unit 22 is used to carry out various operations, correctly moves to guarantee each ONU.Specifically, also comprise a Message Processing uploading unit according to ONU of the present invention, be used for according to the gating message of OLT in the uplink time period of distributing with report message and the disposable together optical line terminal that sends to of business datum at different levels; Described Message Processing uploading unit can be made of the software module of central processing unit operation, also can be made of hardware circuit module.In addition, for the CBR business, it also further comprises a QOS buffer 23, to support the quality of service of constant bit rate.
In Fig. 6 example, the structural similarity of OLT and ONU, comprise an optical transceiver 11, a central processing unit 12 is used for the transmitting-receiving port 15 of CBR business, buffer 14 and be used for the transmitting-receiving port 16 of VBR business, specifically, because the message that OLT need handle is more, for guaranteeing the operation of OLT, the processing speed that its central processing unit 12 requires is higher.Also comprise an allocation schedule processing unit according to OLT of the present invention, be used for described report message according to the reception of each optical network unit, be one continuous uplink period of traffic assignments of all categories of described a plurality of optical network units, and the different classes of business of described a plurality of optical network units is dispatched.Described allocation schedule processing unit can be made of the software module that central processing unit moved, and also can be made of hardware circuit module.As previously mentioned, because ONU sends to the information that comprises each level traffic in the report message of OLT, and the known assignable total amount of bandwidth of OLT, therefore, OLT can be earlier the traffic assignments bandwidth of the highest level of each ONU, be second priority service then, after so continuing to finish the distribution of all business, OLT will distribute to the bandwidth of the business at different levels of each ONU and merge into one continuous uplink period, and the shared part of business at different levels sent to each ONU by gating message, central processing unit 12 inserts personal distance, to avoid conflict between described each ONU upstream data when the different classes of business of each ONU of scheduling.In addition, constant bit rate (CBR) business is to begin to handle after each ONU finishes uploading of report message.Because the initial transmitting time that each ONU is assigned with all may be different in the cycle of each 125 μ s, the CBR business no longer is to upload at fixing time slot, so this OLT also further comprises a QOS buffer 13, to support the quality of service of constant bit rate.Because OLT and each ONU side have possessed complete synchronous clock system, so as long as read the Business Stream that cached business data can be recovered this constant bit rate fully by fixed rate simply.
Can determine that by above execution mode explanation the multi-class business of ONU is once uploaded the bandwidth availability ratio that has improved network in one continuous uplink period, improved the transmission performance of system.Below, we are illustrated by binding analysis.
At first, we analyze the improvement situation of the present invention to PON system bandwidth utilance.The length of supposing each pilot signal is a; The PON Installed System Memory is in n kind type of service, and the length of on average uploading of all kinds of business is b, and here, for simplicity, we are one of n class business as the special business of a class also with report message; For the protection bandwidth length of avoiding the transmitting uplink data conflict to be provided with is c; Then adopt the bandwidth availability ratio of PON of the present invention system to be:
If adopting application number is " 200410017231.x ", the technical scheme that provides in " control method and the system that are used for dispatching the multi-class business of EPON " is provided the application name, OLT is that the business datum of all ONU different priorities is distributed different transmission time slots, and then the bandwidth availability ratio of PON system is:
As seen, under multi-service requires, particularly in class of service more for a long time, the present invention can further improve bandwidth availability ratio.
Do not break away from design of the present invention and scope and can make many other changes and remodeling.Should be appreciated that to the invention is not restricted to specific execution mode, scope of the present invention is defined by the following claims.