CN100399834C - Method and apparatus for determining edge trend of an interested pixel - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for determining edge trend of an interested pixel Download PDF

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CN100399834C
CN100399834C CNB2004100423089A CN200410042308A CN100399834C CN 100399834 C CN100399834 C CN 100399834C CN B2004100423089 A CNB2004100423089 A CN B2004100423089A CN 200410042308 A CN200410042308 A CN 200410042308A CN 100399834 C CN100399834 C CN 100399834C
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pixel
trend
edge trend
interested
edge
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CN1700775A (en
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张尹彬
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Altek Corp
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Altek Corp
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and a device for determining an edge trend of an interested pixel, which are applied into an image array interpolating system of a color filter. The method comprises: firstly, a horizontal trend or a vertical trend of peripheral pixels of the interested pixel is judged; secondly, the number of pixels in the horizontal trend in the peripheral pixels and the number of pixels in the vertical trend in the peripheral pixels are figured out; finally, the edge trend of the interested pixel is determined according to the trend of the peripheral pixels in a larger number.

Description

A kind of method and apparatus that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel
Technical field
The present invention is relevant a kind of array imaging interpolation method, particularly about a kind of at colored filter array imaging interpolation system (Color Filter Array Interpolation; CFAI) determine the method and apparatus of the edge trend (edge trend) of an interested pixel in.
Technical background
Chromatic image can utilize single sensor array to obtain.This sensor each location of pixels in its array is sensing single color and produce a color-values only, but the color-values of other color that each location of pixels is lost is utilized the color-values interpolation of its neighborhood pixels position and is produced, thereby obtains full-color reconstructed image.Sensor with location of pixels arrangement pattern (Pattern) of specific each color-values of correspondence makes the interpolation of the extra color-values of this kind become easy and efficient.The chromatic image array in No. the 3rd, 971,065, the United States Patent (USP) of awarding to Bayer for example, color of its leading whole image is to come sensing by staggered location of pixels, other location of pixels is two kinds of other colors of sensing respectively then.This type of skill is applied in the present single sensor camera, and the colorful optical filter array of an overlapping certain patterns on its sensor makes each location of pixels of this sensor only produce the signal of red, the colored or blue single color value of correspondence.In other words, though the raw video plane that this sensor produced comprises redness, green and blue three kinds of colors, each location of pixels but has only the color-values of single color.For rebuilding full-color image, known CFAI algorithm is changed this raw video plane, makes each location of pixels comprise the image plane of redness, green and blue three color informations.Because of the color-values of reference neighborhood pixels position is calculated the color-values that the interested pixel position is lost, therefore, employed CFAI method will determine the quality of finally rebuilding the full-color image of gained.
The simplest and direct interpolation method is bilinearity (bilinear) interpolation method, and it is with the color-values of the average back of the color-values of the neighborhood pixels position of interested pixel position as this interested pixel position.Yet this plantation can produce false shadow at the edge of chromatic image based on the CFAI method of non-edge (non-edged based).Thereby loss resolution.Another kind of phytyl can reduce the false shadow effect of colour image edge in the CFAI at edge method, thereby improves the crack degree (Sharpness) of image.Phytyl is to judge that earlier image is horizontal trend or vertical trend in the edge of interested pixel position trend in the CFAI at edge method, determine the color-values of the neighborhood pixels position on employing level or the vertical direction to carry out interpolative operation again, therefore, the image that judges rightly is that horizontal trend or vertical trend will determine whether the color-values of interpolation produces preferable image quality in the interested pixel position.The edge trend of interested pixel position can be decided by the color-values gradient of this position.For example, in Fig. 1, show one 6 * 6 pel array 10, wherein R, G and B represent the color-values of redness, green and blue three kinds of colors respectively, its subscript is represented the coordinate of this location of pixels, color-values in bracket is represented to be produced by interpolation method, for example on pixel (4,3) position, only there is blue color-values B originally 43, its green tint value G 43Be from the color-values interpolation of neighborhood pixels position and produce.In a known CFAI method, interpolation G 43The time, locational level of first calculating pixel (4,3) and vertical gradient
Δ H=|G 42-G 44|+| B 43-B 41+ B 43-B 45|+| G 33-G 32+ G 33-G 34|, formula 1 reaches
Δ V=|G 33-G 53|+| B 43-B 23+ B 43-B 63|+| G 32-G 42-G 34-G 44|, formula 2
Therefore if Δ H＜Δ V thinks that then the locational edge of pixel (4,3) trend is along horizontal direction, with the color-values interpolation G of the neighborhood pixels position on the horizontal direction 43, for example:
G 43=(G 42+ G 44) ÷ 2 formula 3
Therefore if Δ H＞Δ V thinks that then the locational edge of pixel (4,3) trend is along vertical direction, with the color-values interpolation G of the neighborhood pixels position on the vertical direction 43, for example:
G 43=(G 33+ G 53) ÷ 2 formula 4
This method is simple and effectively extremely obviously the time in edge trend, yet, when the value of horizontal gradient Δ H and vertical gradient Δ V was close, wrongheaded result just took place easily, particularly when noise is big, can cause the erroneous judgement of trend direction.Another shortcoming of this method is to produce the cross asterisk on the image of being everlasting, and for example produces the cross asterisk on the nose image of human face.
Therefore, a kind of method and apparatus of improvement of the edge trend that determines an interested pixel in the CFAI system is to be the institute Ji.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel in the CFAI system, and it is the edge trend that decides this interested pixel by the level of the surrounding pixel of this interested pixel and vertical trend.
Another object of the present invention, be to provide a kind of method and apparatus that in the CFAI system, determines the edge trend of an interested pixel, the value of the horizontal gradient at this interested pixel place and vertical gradient near the time, the edge trend of this interested pixel that still can judge rightly.
According to the present invention, a kind of method that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel in the CFAI system is to judge that earlier each surrounding pixel in this interested pixel position is level or vertical trend, it comprises the difference of calculating the color-values of each this surrounding pixel on two pairs of angular direction, again by the product of this two difference on the occasion of or negative value judge that this surrounding pixel is level or vertical trend, and statistics has the number of surrounding pixel of horizontal trend and the number of the surrounding pixel with vertical trend, when the number of surrounding pixel during greater than the number of surrounding pixel with vertical trend with horizontal trend, the edge trend that then determines this interested pixel is along horizontal direction, otherwise the edge trend that then determines this interested pixel is along vertical direction.
The device of carrying out said method comprises processor and buffer, with this interested pixel is that the original color value of a pel array at center is stored in this buffer, this processor from this buffer, read respectively this each surrounding pixel on two pairs of angular direction color-values and the product that calculates these differences be stored in this buffer, add up the number on the occasion of product and negative value product in these products again, relatively the size of this two number judges that the edge trend of this interested pixel is along level or vertical direction.
Via method provided by the present invention and device, even equal or approaching in the horizontal gradient and the vertical gradient at a pixel place, the present invention also can judge rightly in the edge at this pixel place trend.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows one 6 * 6 pel array;
Fig. 2 shows to want interpolation to produce green tint value G 33Pixel (3,3) be the green tint value of 5 * 5 pel arrays at center;
It is the green tint value of 3 * 3 arrays at center that Fig. 3 A shows with pixel among Fig. 2 (2,3);
It is the green tint value of 3 * 3 arrays at center that Fig. 3 B shows with pixel among Fig. 2 (3,2);
It is the green tint value of 3 * 3 arrays at center that Fig. 3 C shows with pixel among Fig. 2 (3,4);
It is the green tint value of 3 * 3 arrays at center that Fig. 3 D shows with pixel among Fig. 2 (4,3);
Fig. 4 is one and carries out interpolation G 33Device;
Fig. 5 is one and carries out interpolation G 33Flow chart.
The figure number explanation
106 * 6 pel array
205 * 5 pel array
22 is 3 * 3 arrays at center with pixel (2,3)
24 is 3 * 3 arrays at center with pixel (3,2)
26 is 3 * 3 arrays at center with pixel (3,4)
28 is 3 * 3 arrays at center with pixel (4,3)
30 carry out interpolation G 33Device
32 processors
34 buffers
The section of 34a buffer 34
The section of 34b buffer 34
The section of 34c buffer 34
The section of 34d buffer 34
The section of 34e buffer 34
The section of 34f buffer 34
40 calculate the horizontal gradient AH and the vertical gradient Δ V of interested pixel (3,3)
Whether the absolute value of the difference of 42 determined level gradient delta H and vertical gradient Δ V is less than critical value TH
Whether 44 determined level gradient delta H are greater than vertical gradient Δ V
46 judge the surrounding pixel G of interested pixel (3,3) 23, G 32, G 34And G 43Trend
48 statistics surrounding pixel G 23, G 32, G 34And G 43Level and the number of vertical trend
50 judge whether have the number of horizontal trend greater than the number with vertical trend
52 interested pixels (3,3) are horizontal trend
54 judge whether have the number of horizontal trend less than the number with vertical trend
56 interested pixels (3,3) are vertical trend
58 try to achieve with bilinear interpolation method and to want interpolation to give the green tint value G of interested pixel (3,3) 33
Embodiment
Method of the present invention is to judge that earlier the surrounding pixel in an interested pixel position is horizontal trend or vertical trend, add up the number that has horizontal trend person's number in these surrounding pixels and have vertical trend person, relatively the number of both numbers and the edge trend that determines this interested pixel are for along horizontal direction or vertical direction.For clearly demonstrating this method, Fig. 2 provides one 5 * 5 pel arrays 20, the green tint value G of its center pixel (3,3) position 33Be to want to produce other green tint value G in the array 20 by interpolative operation XyBe the original color value that directly produces by image sensor, be used for judging the edge trend of interested pixel (3,3).At first judge interested pixel (3,3) surrounding pixel (2,3), (3,2), (3,4) reaching (4,3) is level or vertical trend, when judging the trend of these 4 pixels, understand for convenient, each is that the center is reduced to Fig. 3 A with relevant color-values from array 20 with it, Fig. 3 B, Fig. 3 C and Fig. 3 D, it is the green tint value of 3 * 3 arrays at center that Fig. 3 A shows with pixel (2,3), Fig. 3 B shows with pixel (3,2) be the green tint value of 3 * 3 arrays at center, it is the green tint value of 3 * 3 arrays at center that Fig. 3 C shows with pixel (3,4), it is the green tint value of 3 * 3 arrays at center that Fig. 3 D shows with pixel (4,3).
In Fig. 3 A, in the time of judging the trend of pixel (2,3), the pixel (1,2) of calculating on diagonal reaches the green tint value G of (3,4) earlier 12And G 34Difference
Δ 1=G 12-G 34, formula 5
And the green tint value G of the pixel on another diagonal (1,4) and (3,2) 14And G 32Difference
Δ 2=G 14-G 32, formula 6
Again with this two interpolation Δ 1, Δ 2Multiply each other and obtain
Buffer 1=(G 12-G 34) * (G 14-G 32), formula 7
Work as Buffer 1＞0 o'clock, pixel (2,3) had horizontal trend;
Work as Buffer 1＜0 o'clock, pixel (2,3) had vertical trend.
In other words, the sign of the product of the color-values Grad on two diagonals of pixel (2,3) is used to judge the trend of pixel (2,3).
In Fig. 3 B,, in the time of judging the trend of pixel (3,2), calculate the green tint value G on two diagonals earlier as aforementioned 21And G 43Difference and G 23And G 41Difference, ask its product again
Buffer 2=(G 21-G 43) * (G 23-G 41), formula 8
Work as Buffer 2＞0 o'clock, pixel (3,2) had horizontal trend;
Work as Buffer 2＜0 o'clock, pixel (3,2) had vertical trend.
Same, obtain respectively from Fig. 3 C and Fig. 3 D
Buffer 3=(G 23-G 45) * (G 25-G 43), formula 9
Work as Buffer 3＞0 o'clock, pixel (3,4) had horizontal trend;
Work as Buffer 3＜0 o'clock, pixel (3,4) had vertical trend.
And
Buffer 4=(G 32-G 54) * (G 34-G 52), formula 10
Work as Buffer 4＞0 o'clock, pixel (4,3) had horizontal trend;
Work as Buffer 4＜0 o'clock, pixel (4,3) had vertical trend.
At the surrounding pixel that obtains interested pixel (3,3) (2,3), (3,2) after, (3,4) and (4,3) are level or vertical trend, and then add up the number that has horizontal trend person's number and have vertical trend person in these 4 surrounding pixels, if having the number S of the surrounding pixel of horizontal trend 1Number S greater than surrounding pixel with vertical trend V, think that then the edge trend of interested pixel (3,3) is along horizontal direction, otherwise, if having the number S of the surrounding pixel of horizontal trend INumber S less than surrounding pixel with vertical trend V, think that then the edge trend of interested pixel (3,3) is along vertical direction.If S IWith S VEquate, then adopt bilinear interpolation method, mean pixel G 23, G 32, G 34And G 43Color-values as the green tint value of pixel (3,3).
Fig. 4 is used for carrying out interpolation G 33Device 30, it comprises processor 32 and buffer 34.With pixel (3,3) original color value for the array 20 at center is stored to earlier in the buffer 34, shown in section 34a, carry out above-mentioned determination methods again, read the original color value of the array 20 among the section 34a by processor 32 and carry out computing and countings such as difference and product.For reducing the computing of device 30, in one embodiment, buffer 34 more comprises a critical value TH, SET is predetermined by input, be stored among the section 34b of buffer 34, processor 32 reads the original color value of array 20 from the section 34a of buffer 34, be pixel (3,3) horizontal gradient Δ H and the vertical gradient Δ V that calculates its color-values is stored among the section 34c of buffer 34, and the difference of calculating the two | Δ H-Δ V| and critical value TH are relatively, if | Δ H-Δ V| 〉=TH, then judge the edge trend of interested pixel (3,3) according to known method, relative size decision pixel (3 by Δ H and Δ V, 3) edge trend only exists | and during Δ H-Δ V|＜TH, the beginning is carried out the computing of formula 7 to 10.When | Δ H-Δ V|＜TH, processor 32 reads color-values and produces Buffer according to formula 7 to 10 computings from section 34a ITo Buffer 4, be stored among the section 34d of buffer 34, then add up Buffer 1To Buffer 4In have horizontal trend number of pixels S IWith number of pixels S with vertical trend V, be stored among the section 34e of buffer 34, relatively S IWith S VThe edge trend of size back decision interested pixel (3,3), calculate G according to the interpolation formula among the section 34f again 33, for example:
Work as S I＞S V, G 33=(G 32+ G 34) ÷ 2; Formula 11
Work as S I＜S V, G 33=(G 23+ G 43) ÷ 2; Formula 12
Work as S 1=S V, G 33=(G 23+ G 32+ G 34+ G 43) ÷ 4.Formula 13
Interpolation formula among the section 34f can determine that these interpolation formulas can adopt known technology or its improvement by mat input F.In different embodiment, processor 32 does not calculate Δ H and Δ V and its difference of comparison and critical value TH, but directly uses formula 7 to 10 to calculate Buffer 1To Buffer 4, surrounding pixel (2,3), (3,2), (3,4) by pixel (3,3) reach the level of (4,3) and the edge trend of vertical trend decision pixel (3,3) fully.
The flow process of an above-mentioned operation of execution as shown in Figure 5, in the pixel (3 that is Fig. 2, when 3) determining its edge trend, at first processor 32 calculates in pixel (3 in step 40,3) the horizontal gradient Δ H of the color-values of position and vertical gradient Δ V for example use formula 1 and 2, perhaps use better simply formula, for example, with reference to Fig. 2:
Δ H=|G 34-G 32|, formula 14
And
Δ V=|G 43-G 23|, formula 15
Then judge the difference of the two in step 42 | whether Δ H-Δ V| is less than critical value TH, if not, then carry out step 44, the relative size of further determined level gradient delta H and vertical gradient Δ V, if Δ H＜Δ V, then think and locate to be horizontal trend, in step 52, adopt corresponding formula to carry out interpolation G in pixel (3,3) 33, for example formula 11, if Δ H＞Δ V thinks then and locate to be vertical trend in pixel (3,3) that the corresponding formula of employing carries out interpolation G in step 56 33, for example formula 12, if be in the result of step 42 gained | Δ H-Δ V|＜TH, then carry out step 46, judge the surrounding pixel G of pixel (3,3) according to formula 7 to 10 23, G 32, G 34And G 43Trend, and then at step 48 statistics surrounding pixel G 23, G 32, G 34And G 43In have level and vertical trend person's number S IAnd S V, next, step 50 and 54 is comparison S IAnd S VSize, when the number with horizontal trend greater than number with vertical trend, then be illustrated in pixel (3,3) and locate to be horizontal trend, adopt corresponding formula to carry out interpolation G to step 52 33, for example formula 11, otherwise, when the number with horizontal trend less than number with vertical trend, then be illustrated in pixel (3,3) and locate to be vertical trend, adopt corresponding formula to carry out interpolation G to step 56 33, for example formula 12, if surrounding pixel G 23, G 32, G 34And G 43In have level and vertical trend person's number S IAnd S VEquate, then carry out step 58,, calculate green tint value G to pixel (3,3) with bilinear interpolation method as formula 13 33In different embodiment, execution in step 40 to 44, but directly from step 46, fully by the surrounding pixel G of pixel (3,3) 23, G 32, G 34And G 43In have level and vertical trend person's number S IAnd S VDecision locates to be level or vertical trend in pixel (3,3).
Via method illustrated above and device, even equal or approaching in the horizontal gradient and the vertical gradient at a pixel place, the present invention also can judge rightly in the edge at this pixel place trend.
More than the narration done for preferred embodiment of the present invention be purpose for illustrating, and be not intended to limit the accurately disclosed form of the present invention, based on above instruction or to make an amendment or change from embodiments of the invention study be possible, embodiment is familiar with this operator and utilizes the present invention to select in practical application with various embodiment and narrate for explaining orally principle of the present invention and allowing, and technological thought attempt of the present invention is decided by the claim and the equalization thereof of this case.

Claims (8)

1. a method that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel in colored filter array imaging interpolation system is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Judge the edge trend of the surrounding pixel of this interested pixel position;
Add up the number that has different edge trend persons in this surrounding pixel; And
Number that relatively should difference edge trend number is determined the edge trend of this interested pixel by the more person's of number trend.
2. the method that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel in colored filter array imaging interpolation system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the edge trend of judging the surrounding pixel of this interested pixel position is to comprise horizontal trend and vertical trend.
3. the method that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel in colored filter array imaging interpolation system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the step of this judgement surrounding pixel edge trend comprises the following steps:
Calculate the difference of each this surrounding pixel position color-values of adjacent pixels on two diagonals; And
According to the product of this two difference on the occasion of or determine the edge trend of each this surrounding pixel for negative value.
4. device that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel in colored filter array imaging interpolation system is characterized in that comprising:
One buffer comprises the color-values of this interested pixel at interior pel array in order to storage; And
One processor, the color-values of utilizing this pel array calculate and judge the surrounding pixel edge trend of this interested pixel position, and add up the number that has different edge trend persons in this surrounding pixel, to determine the edge trend of this interested pixel;
Wherein, this processor is a difference of calculating each this surrounding pixel position color-values of adjacent pixels on two diagonals, again according to the product of this two difference on the occasion of or negative value determine each this surrounding pixel edge trend.
5. a method that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel in colored filter array imaging interpolation system comprises the following steps:
Storage comprises the color-values of this interested pixel at interior pel array;
Utilize the color-values of this pel array to calculate at this interested pixel place different directions Grad;
Calculating is in the difference of this different directions color gradient value;
Relatively this difference and a critical value when this difference during less than this critical value, are carried out subsequent step;
Judge the surrounding pixel edge trend of this interested pixel position;
Add up the number that has different edge trend persons in this surrounding pixel; And
The number of this number is relatively determined the edge trend of this interested pixel by the more person's of number trend.
6. the method that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel in colored filter array imaging interpolation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step of this judgement surrounding pixel edge trend comprises the following steps:
Calculate the difference of each this surrounding pixel position color-values of adjacent pixels on two diagonals; And
According to the product of this two difference on the occasion of or determine the edge trend of each this surrounding pixel for negative value.
7. the method that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel in colored filter array imaging interpolation system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described interested pixel place different directions Grad is to comprise horizontal direction Grad and vertical gradient value at least.
8. device that determines the edge trend of an interested pixel in colored filter array imaging interpolation system is characterized in that comprising:
One buffer comprises the color-values of this interested pixel at interior pel array in order to storage; And
One processor, utilize the color-values calculating of this pel array to compare in the difference and a critical value of this interested pixel place different directions Grad, when this difference during less than this critical value, judge the surrounding pixel edge trend of this interested pixel position, and add up the number that has different edge trend persons in this surrounding pixel, to determine the edge trend of this interested pixel;
Wherein, this processor is a difference of calculating each this surrounding pixel position color-values of adjacent pixels on two diagonals, again according to the product of this two difference on the occasion of or negative value determine each this surrounding pixel edge trend.
CNB2004100423089A 2004-05-17 2004-05-17 Method and apparatus for determining edge trend of an interested pixel Expired - Fee Related CN100399834C (en)

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