A kind of pixel multiplexing improves the method for display screen image analytic degree
Technical field
The invention belongs to the image display technology field, relate to a kind of method that improves the LED display display effect, specifically a kind of pixel multiplexing improves the method for display screen image analytic degree.
Background technology
The basic display unit of digital picture is a pixel.The quality of picture quality mainly is subjected to two factor affecting, and the one, the physical attribute of image is a physical picture element density, represents with image resolution ratio or physical resolution; Another is a color attribute, for the color levels that single pixel can show, uses image figure place or gray level expressing.
The resolution in digital video image source commonly used is up to 1600 * 1200 (USXGA) at present, 1280 * 1024 (SXGA), 1024 * 768 (XGA), 800 * 600 (SVGA) and 640 * 480 (VGA) commonly used.The pixel in digital video image source is made up of the red, green, blue three primary colours.The image figure place is monochromatic 8, and three primary colours are 24 true color, and promptly Show Color is 2
8* 2
8* 2
8Look.We can say enough height, color is enough abundant.
LED display is as the digital picture display media, in real time the image information in display video image source.The key factor that influences the LED display display effect has 2 points: the one, and the physical resolution of LED display, i.e. pixel point density on the unit area; The 2nd, the Show Color of display screen and gray shade scale.Aspect Show Color and gray shade scale, the Show Color of LED display has reached 256 grades at present, and monochromatic gray level resolution is 10bit~16bit.On Show Color and gray level grade, LED display can satisfy the requirement as digital display terminal.By improving physical resolution, promptly pixel point density improves display efficiency and just becomes present hot technology in the industry on the unit area.But practical difficulty is arranged by pixel point density on the physical method increase unit area:
(1) the special-purpose Driving technique of present domestic immature, the high integrated micro LED of LED pipe high density electronics package technique is immature.Be subjected to the restriction of aspects such as LED pipe, electronic devices and components encapsulation physical size and heat radiation in addition, when pixel point density acquires a certain degree, dwindle pixel interval again, to improve pixel point density impossible.
(2) cost of LED display depends primarily on the quantity of LED pipe (core), and the cost of circuit part only accounts for the very fraction of display screen total cost.When display area one regularly will improve display effect, can only improve physical resolution, promptly dwindle pixel interval, increase the display quality that LED pipe quantity improves digital picture, and the increase of LED pipe quantity increases the cost of display screen greatly, market is difficult to accept.LED pipe (core) quantity increases, and current densities increasing, circuit complexity are increased; Failure rate is increased, and the display screen maintenance cost improves.
LED display basic composition unit is a pixel, and each pixel is made up of discrete red, green, blue luminotron.LED display generally has two kinds of arrangement modes: a kind of is to concentrate coagulation type, and a kind of is even distributing.
Shown in Fig. 1 (1), 1 (2), 1 (3), 1 (4), concentrate the coagulation type LED display to form pixel by discrete red, green, blue luminotron, it is regularly arranged that pixel is, and the geometric configuration of each color single tube quantity and arrangement position is different according to the design needs in each pixel.The red, green, blue luminotron is concentrated in each pixel, and colour mixture is good.
As Fig. 2 (1), 2 (2), 2 (3), shown in, evenly the LED display red, green, blue single tube of distributing arrangement is independent, and each single tube equidistantly evenly distributes, and the red, green, blue single tube is pressed certain geometrical rule and arranged, can form the red, green, blue pixel of dispersion, colour mixture is relatively poor.
The procedure for displaying of LED display is the mapping process of source video image to display screen.There are mapping relations in the pixel of display screen and the pixel of image source.The display image display mode is divided into real mapping and combination mapping.
Most of display screen on the market adopts the display mode of real mapping at present, and display screen is generally concentrates coagulation type to arrange.The corresponding real image element of real mapping, the image source pixel is corresponding one by one with pixels of display screen.Capable n is listed as if the LED display screen is m, and m * n pixel promptly arranged, and can reappear the image information of image source m * n pixel.
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure block diagram of real mapping.Computer graphic image source 7 view data send by data transmitter 8, are received and to send scan drive circuit 10 to drive the display screen luminotrons luminous by data sink 9.
Fig. 4 (1), 4 (2) is real mapping LED display scan drive circuit, and each pixel 1 has the row, column control line among the figure.Red, green, blue pipe common row control line 5 wherein; The row control line separates, and 2 is that red pipe row control line, 3 is that green pipe row control line, 4 is blue pipe row control lines.If same pixel has two same colour tubes, two with the shared row control line of colour tube, two shared row control lines 2 of red pipe among Fig. 4 (2).
Virtual display technique has solved the problem that shows more information at the little screen of trying one's best, with the display tube of trying one's best few to a certain extent.
Virtual display technique essence is according to the adjacent principle of vision signal, utilize the persistence of vision phenomenon of human eye, utilization image processing techniques and control technology, reach and improve display screen vision picture element density and image analytic degree, on the LED display of certain area, show the purpose of the display effect of more images information, lifting display screen.
The display screen of virtual technology adopts the display mode of combination mapping, and display screen is generally even distributing and arranges.As shown in Figure 5, on the line direction between per two adjacent real image vegetarian refreshments, also can be combined into pixel two red, green, an indigo plant on the column direction between per two adjacent real image vegetarian refreshments, except that marginal point, that every luminotron and on every side three LED pipes can constitute is two red, the packed-pixel point of one green a, indigo plant, four of objective formation " virtual image point " around every luminotron like this, as shown in Figure 6, these " virtual image is selected " are different with the real image vegetarian refreshments of real mapping, there is not relation one to one with the image source pixel, so be called " virtual pixel ".
The principle of virtual demonstration: cooperate control and turntable driving technology, divide the same position of four times contiguous four the pixel information of image source being delivered to the LED screen, make the fundamental point (single tube or pixel) of each moment display screen identical, and each data are inequality, distribute in each single tube four virtual representation vegetarian refreshments on every side, as shown in Figure 6.Four virtual representation vegetarian refreshments that four scanning forms are not overlapping, but because the persistence of vision characteristics of human eye build up a width of cloth picture in human eye.
If display screen real image vegetarian refreshments battle array is: m * n (m is a real image vegetarian refreshments line number, and n is a real image vegetarian refreshments columns), then the virtual pixel dot matrix is: (2m-1) * (2n-1); When m and n were enough big, the virtual representation vegetarian refreshments approximated 4m * 4n, i.e. 4mn is equivalent to four times of real image vegetarian refreshments, realizes the display effect of plain four times of real image.
Tradition realizes the virtual two kinds of methods that show: the one, and pixel time-division multiplex technology, the one, pixel decomposition technique.
The pixel time-division multiplex technology:
Two red on the display screen, one green, blue pixel is refreshed by the message loop of adjacent a plurality of pixels in the image source with time division multiplexing mode, and a plurality of pixels in the image source are with pixel on the shared display screen of time-multiplexed mode.Implementation method a: width of cloth picture is resolved into four different images constantly, promptly image source is resolved into four: odd-numbered line-odd column, odd-numbered line-even column, even number line-odd column, even number line-even column data, divide four scannings of timesharing constantly that four field data are delivered to display screen and show.With the red, green, blue pixel is unit, and adjacent 4 the three primary colours information data timesharing of image source is mapped on the corresponding red, green, blue luminotron of the same pixel of display screen.
Shortcoming: the effective visible sensation picture element density is constant, and the pixel granular sensation is obvious, and the span of a pixel is arranged; Timesharing scanning increases volume of transmitted data, compares transmission bandwidth with real mapping display mode and widens; Sweep speed increases, to the reaction velocity index request height of device; Timesharing scanning makes the design of drive circuit complexity, shows the control procedure complexity; Rely on fast scan imaging, pixel is a virtual image point, is showing that digital ratio the unclear phenomenon of writing can occur when drawing literal.
The pixel decomposition technique:
Display screen red, green, blue pipe is a single tube independent of each other, is not a pixel with red, green, blue.Each single tube is with the corresponding primary colours information of the some neighbors in time-multiplexed mode reproduced image source.Each LED single tube equidistantly evenly distributes, and each single tube is controlled separately.Implementation method: for each single tube on the display screen in time-multiplexed mode, the corresponding primary colours information of adjacent four pixels of scan round image source.
Shortcoming: the LED single tube equidistantly evenly distributes, and when forming red, green, blue three primary colours pixel, presents maximum discrete state between tricolor pipe, and the colour mixture effect is relatively poor; Timesharing scanning increases volume of transmitted data, compares data transfer bandwidth with real mapping display mode and widens, and sweep speed increases; Each luminotron of display screen is controlled separately, splits row control, and the display screen line scan drive circuit is doubled, and hardware cost increases, and the circuit complexity increases; Fast scan imaging, pixel are virtual image point, are showing that digital ratio the unclear phenomenon of writing can occur when drawing literal; Can not select real mapping display mode and virtual pixel display mode flexibly by software setting.
Summary of the invention
For solving the data transfer bandwidth broad that existing virtual display technique exists, the sweep speed height, the circuit complexity, showing that digital ratio the unclear phenomenon of writing can occur when drawing literal, can not select real mapping display mode and these defectives of virtual pixel display mode flexibly by software setting, the present invention carries out pre-service by the three primary colours data to the image source pixel, obtain the method for the primary colours video data of corresponding luminotron on the display screen, be implemented on the little display screen of trying one's best and show more information, purpose provides the method that a kind of pixel multiplexing improves display screen image analytic degree.
Implementation method of the present invention is as follows:
A. be the unit of display with the red, green, blue luminotron, by the row, column red, green, blue luminotron of equidistantly evenly arranging, form luminous tube array on LED display, any 2 * 2 luminous tube array all comprises the luminotron of three kinds of colors of red, green, blue;
B. the mapping relations of luminotron and image source on definite display screen: each primary colours data of the luminotron D of the capable y row of x are corresponding to adjacent four the pixel d (x-1 of image source, y-1), d (x-1, y), d (x, y-1), d (x, y) corresponding base chromatic number certificate, the mapping relations general formula is:
D (x wherein, y) be the capable y row of x luminotron D primary colours video data on the display screen, d (x-1, y-1), d (x-1, y), d (x, y-1), (x y) is respectively the primary colours video data that the capable y-1 of image source x-1 is listed as, the capable y of x-1 is listed as, the capable y-1 of x is listed as, four pixels of the capable y row of x are identical with luminotron D color to d;
C. to the image source pixel number according to carrying out pre-service: with adjacent four pixels of image source corresponding to the corresponding base chromatic number of luminotron on the display screen according to addition divided by the 4 primary colours video datas that obtain corresponding luminotron on the display screen:
D (x, y)=(d (x-1, y-1)+d (x-1, y)+and d (x, y-1)+display message of the corresponding primary colours of can the representative graph image source adjacent four pixels of these data of d (x, y))/4, display effect is the mixed effect of adjacent four pixels of image source, according to the adjacent principle of vision signal, be reflected to human eye, can reach the display effect of the corresponding primary colours information of adjacent four pixels of reflection image source;
D. send display screen to show by scan drive circuit the luminotron video data that obtains.
The present invention carries out pre-service by the three primary colours data to the image source pixel, obtains the method for the primary colours video data of corresponding luminotron on the display screen, is implemented on the little display screen of trying one's best to show more information.Compare with real mapping display mode, data transfer bandwidth does not increase; Driven sweep speed is constant; When forming pixel for three pipes, scan drive circuit is constant, when forming pixel for four pipes, only increases by a cover column drive circuit, and other are constant, therefore can realize the switching of display mode of the present invention and real mapping display mode by the software setting commutation circuit; Through the data pre-service, without timesharing scanning, the picture point of formation is equivalent to the real image point, so display effect is better than the display effect of traditional virtual demonstration " virtual image point ", display quality is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (1), (2), (3), (4) are that the LED display luminotron is concentrated coagulation type arrangement mode synoptic diagram in the background technology.R red luminotron among the figure, G green luminotron, B blue-light-emitting pipe.
Fig. 2 (1), (2), (3) are the even distributing arrangement mode of LED display luminotron synoptic diagram in the background technology.R red luminotron among the figure, G green luminotron, B blue-light-emitting pipe.
Fig. 3 is for realizing the circuit structure block diagram of real mapping display mode in the background technology.7 is the computer graphic image source among the figure, 8 data transmitters, 9 data sinks, 10 scan drive circuits.
Fig. 4 (1), (2) are real mapping LED display scan drive circuit structural representation in the background technology.1 is pixel among the figure, 2 red pipe row control lines, 3 green pipe row control lines, 4 blue pipe row control lines, the capable control line that 5 red, green, blue pipes are shared.
Fig. 5 is a virtual display technique display screen luminotron distribution plan in the background technology.
Fig. 6 is a virtual display technique display screen virtual representation vegetarian refreshments distribution schematic diagram in the background technology.11 is the virtual representation vegetarian refreshments among the figure.
Fig. 7 is for realizing the circuit structure block diagram of display mode of the present invention.7 is the computer graphic image source, 8 data transmitters, 9 data sinks, 10 scan drive circuits, 12 data buffers, 13 address distributors, 14 totalizers, 15 dividers.
Fig. 8 (1), (2), (3), (4) are the mapping relations synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention one virtual demonstration LED display and image source.
Fig. 9 (1) is the embodiment of the invention one a virtual demonstration LED display scan drive circuit structural representation.1 is pixel, 2 red pipe row control lines, 3 green pipe row control lines, 4 blue pipe row control lines, the capable control line that 5 red, green, blue pipes are shared.
Fig. 9 (2) is the embodiment of the invention two virtual demonstration LED display scan drive circuit structural representations.1 is pixel, 2,6 red pipe row control lines, 3 green pipe row control lines, 4 blue pipe row control lines, the capable control line that 5 red, green, blue pipes are shared.
Figure 10 is the embodiment of the invention two virtual demonstration LED display luminotron distribution schematic diagrams.
Figure 11 (1), (2), (3), (4) are the mapping relations synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention two virtual demonstration LED display and image source.
Embodiment
Background technology is real shines upon the display mode circuit structure as shown in Figure 3, and wherein data transmitter, data sink are integrated in the ACEX series FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) control chip of altera corp's production by programming mode.
The circuit structure of realization display mode of the present invention has increased data buffer, address distributor, totalizer, divider as shown in Figure 7 between computer graphic image source DVI mouth and data transmitter.By map addresses, the addition of image source data, the division arithmetic between buffer memory, image source and the display screen of data buffer, address distributor, totalizer, divider realization image source data.Wherein the circuit of data buffer, address distributor, totalizer, divider part increases in the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) control chip in original technology by programming mode.Can in the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) control chip, increase commutation circuit by programming mode, realize the conversion between display mode of the present invention and the real mapping display mode.
Specific embodiment 1:
Shown in Fig. 8 (3), 8 (4), display screen luminotron arrangement mode is that one red, one green, blue three luminotrons are combined into the three primary colours pixel, between the red, green, blue pipe at right angles, alignment, equidistantly evenly distributed in length and breadth.Except that the edge, each luminotron can be formed red, green, blue three primary colours pixel with two luminotrons on every side, each luminotron reusable four times, the corresponding primary colours of four different pixels of corresponding diagram image source.
The mapping relations of Fig. 8 (1), 8 (2), 8 (3), 8 (4) reflection display screens and image source.Wherein R, G, B represent display screen red, green, blue luminotron; The red, green, blue primary colours of r, g, b presentation video source image vegetarian refreshments.
The mapping relations of luminotron D and image source expression general formula is on the display screen:
Wherein (x y) represents that the capable y of display screen x is listed as certain colour light emitting pipe video data to D; D (x, y) the capable y row of presentation graphs image source x pixel corresponding to luminotron D on the display screen (x, primary colours video data y).
For the display screen of three pipe packed-pixels, luminotron D video data has following general formula:
D(x,y)=(d(x-1,y-1)+d(x-1,y)+d(x,y-1)+d(x,y))/4
Shown in Fig. 8 (1), 8 (3), the 4th row on the display screen among Fig. 8 (3), the 3rd row green luminotron G (4,3) can be multiplexing by the green primary of four adjacent pixels of image source, and the combination mapping relations are:
Luminotron G (4,3) video data can calculate by following formula on the display screen:
G(4,3)=(g(3,2)+g(3,3)+g(4,2)+g(4,3))/4
Shown in Fig. 8 (2), 8 (4), the 3rd row on the display screen among Fig. 8 (4), the 4th row blue-light-emitting pipe B (3,4) can be multiplexing by the blue primary of four adjacent pixels of image source, and the combination mapping relations are:
Luminotron B (3,4) video data can calculate by following formula on the display screen:
B(3,4)=(b(2,3)+b(2,4)+b(3,3)+b(3,4))/4
For the virtual display of three pipe packed-pixels, use the image source data preprocessing method, display screen is the unit of display with the red, green, blue pixel, and is identical with traditional real control mode of shining upon; Scan drive circuit is identical with the scan drive circuit of real mapping display screen.
Virtual display for three pipe packed-pixels is regardless of color, only press the luminotron physical location and divides ranks, and establishing display screen has that m is capable, n row luminotron, and as Fig. 8 (3) arrangement, when then realizing virtual demonstration, image source pixel three primary colours data utilization rate is:
q=1-((1.5m+1.5n-1)/3mn)
If m=256, n=192 is equivalent to 128 * 96 pixels of traditional display screen, and the utilization rate of image source data is 99.42%, and promptly image source can reappear at display screen corresponding to the information of display screen display window more than 99.4%.The conventional video pixels of display screen is generally all times over 128 * 96 pixels, and when therefore realizing virtual demonstration, image source information recurrence rate is higher, and human eye perceives is damaged less than information.
Fig. 9 (1) is the virtual demonstration LED display scan drive circuit of three pipe packed-pixels, as can be seen from the figure, except that the arrangement mode of pipe, other parts are identical with the scan drive circuit of the real mapping of tradition display mode: each pixel has the ranks control line, red, green, blue pipe common row control line wherein, the row control line separates, and 2 is that red pipe row control line, 3 is managed the row control lines for green pipe row control line, 4 for indigo plant, and 5 is red, green, blue pipe common row control line.
Specific embodiment two
Another luminotron of positional alignment of Fig. 8 (3), 8 (4) hollows is combined into the three primary colours pixel by adjacent four luminotrons, as shown in figure 10.Four luminotrons align in length and breadth, equidistantly evenly distributed, two luminotron colors are identical on one of them diagonal line.Except that the edge, each single tube can be formed the three primary colours pixel with three luminotrons on every side, each single tube reusable four times, the corresponding primary colours of four different pixels of corresponding diagram image source.
The mapping relations of Figure 11 (1), 11 (2), 11 (3), 11 (4) reflection display screens and image source.Wherein R, G, B represent display screen red, green, blue luminotron; The red, green, blue primary colours of r, g, b presentation video source image vegetarian refreshments.
The mapping relations of luminotron D and image source expression general formula is on the display screen:
Wherein (x y) represents that the capable y of display screen x is listed as certain colour light emitting pipe video data to D; D (x, y) the capable y row of presentation graphs image source x pixel corresponding to luminotron D on the display screen (x, primary colours data y)
For the display screen of four pipe packed-pixels, luminotron D video data has following general formula:
D(x,y)=(d(x-1,y-1)+d(x-1,y)+d(x,y-1)+d(x,y))/4
Shown in Figure 11 (1), 11 (3), the 4th row on the display screen among Figure 11 (3), the 3rd row green luminotron G (4,3) can be multiplexing by the green primary of four adjacent pixels of image source, and the combination mapping relations are:
Luminotron G (4,3) video data can calculate by following formula on the display screen:
G(4,3)=(g(3,2)+g(3,3)+g(4,2)+g(4,3))/4
Shown in Figure 11 (2), 11 (4), the 4th row on the display screen among Figure 11 (4), the 4th row red luminotron R (4,4) can be multiplexing by the red primary of four adjacent pixels of image source, and the combination mapping relations are:
Luminotron R (4,4) video data can calculate by following formula on the display screen:
R(3,4)=(r(3,3)+r(3,4)+r(4,3)+r(4,4))/4
Two red pipes of display screen packed-pixel point, when virtual demonstration, two red pipes are controlled separately, and data are inequality, and being equivalent to display screen has four kinds of primary colours.
Four pipe packed-pixel virtual display, when realizing virtual demonstration, the utilization rate 100% of image source data.
The virtual display of four pipe packed-pixels, use the image source data preprocessing method, display screen is the unit of display with the red, green, blue pixel, and control mode, scan drive circuit are with traditional real mapping display screen difference: two red tube drive circuit is independent, control, video datas separate separately.
Fig. 9 (2) is the scan drive circuit of four pipe packed-pixel virtual display, and the row control line of two red pipes separately is respectively row control line 2 and row control line 6.