CN100375575C - Measurement control method for switching between mobile communication cells - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a measurement and control method for switching between mobile communication cells. The present invention can still carry out switching of a common frequency and alien frequencies selectively on all adjacent cells under the condition that the quality of users' links and the minimum number of cells measured by user equipment UE are ensured, and loads among the cells can be flexibly balanced among multiple carriers. The method comprises steps that a radio network controller RNC receives a measurement report from the UE, and the measurement report is organized and reported according to the measurement and control information which is configured by the RNC for the UE; when a 1G/1D/2A event is reported by the UE, the RNC generates switching target cells according to the measurement information of pilot signals by a universal method in the target cells of a common frequency or alien frequencies, which are offered by the 1G/1D/2A event; when the UE reports a link deteriorating event, the values of the measurement report of path loss of the cells of a common frequency and / or alien frequencies on at most three base stations which are the nearest to the UE are attached, and the RNC determines switching target base stations with balanced loads and carriers corresponding to the switching target cells according to a plurality of values of the measurement report of the path loss and the cell loads of the carriers on a plurality of base stations which are corresponding to the RNC.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mobile communication technology, in particular to a measurement control method for switching a mobile communication cell and acquiring target cell information.
Background
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems are self-interference limited systems whose interference mainly includes intra-cell interference and inter-cell interference. The intra-cell interference is mainly self inter-symbol interference and multiple access interference, and the inter-cell interference includes co-frequency adjacent cell interference and adjacent cell (inter-frequency adjacent cell) interference of adjacent carriers. Although the same-frequency networking is the basis of the capacity expansion of the 3G network, the same-frequency networking is reflected in that the interference among cells is larger than that of the different-frequency networking, so that the capacity of the same-frequency networking is influenced.
Inter-cell interference at intra-frequency inter-cell handover as shown in fig. 1: user terminals (UE) are respectively positioned at A, B, C three positions at the edge of a cell, the motion track of the UE is shown as a dotted line a → c → b in the figure, the users can carry out the same-frequency switching operation in motion, and the interference between cells becomes large near a point D.
In the hard handover scheme of the cell, if the target neighboring cell of the hard handover uses the same frequency as the serving cell (i.e. the same frequency handover), during the movement of the user from the edge of the serving cell to the neighboring cell, the signal strength of the serving cell received by the user gradually decreases, but the same frequency interference does not decrease or even increases, resulting in the rapid degradation of the user link quality (Ec/Io). In the hard handover scheme, the time for the terminal to perform handover is short, and the deteriorated user link quality makes the terminal very prone to call drop (in the soft handover scheme, the situation is completely different, and the soft handover handset can combine two paths of signals of the serving cell and the target cell to generate better Ec/Io, so that the stable call can be performed in the handover process).
In contrast, when different frequencies are used in hard handover (inter-frequency handover), the effect is significantly improved. The different frequencies are used at the boundary of the service cell and the target cell, so that the success rate of hard handover can be greatly improved, the influence on the original network is small, the existing network does not need to be adjusted, the hard handover method is easy to implement in the existing network, and the optimization is simple and convenient.
According to statistics, under the ideal condition, the success rate of hard handover between different frequency systems can reach 95%, and the success rate of hard handover between same frequency systems is generally between 50% and 70%. This is because the inter-cell interference when the cells are in the same-frequency networking is greater than the inter-cell interference when the cells are in the different-frequency networking, and the success rate of the same-frequency hard handover is lower than that of the different-frequency hard handover.
The handover process requires the UE to report the measured cell pilot signal strength in time. The cell pilot signal strength measurement can reflect the path loss of the pilot signal (path loss reflects the slow fading effect of the radio channel on the radio signal). In order to reduce the number of unnecessary cell handovers as much as possible, the system will require the terminal to switch to the cell with the smallest path loss.
Slow fading effects can be generated using correlated lognormal distributions with standard deviation σ =6.0. The cost231_ hata model is adopted for the average path loss, and the average path loss formula is as follows:
L(d)＝46.3+33.9logf-13.82logh te -a(h re )+(44.9-6.55logh te )logd+C M
wherein f is a carrier frequency; d is the distance between the terminal and the base station; h is te Is the base station altitude; h is a total of re Is the terminal height; c M Is the path loss exponent; a (h) re )＝(1.1logf-0.7)h re -(1.56logf-0.8)。
The formula for measuring the path loss by the terminal is as follows:
pathloss (dB) = pilot signal transmission power-received pilot signal strength
The pilot signal transmitting Power is given by an Information Element (IE) - "Primary CCPCH Tx Power" (TDD mode)/"Primary CPICH Tx Power" (FDD mode) in the same-frequency or different-frequency cell information, the unit is dBm, and a Radio Network controller (RNC: radio Network controller) can tell the terminal the pilot signal transmitting Power of all the adjacent cells through a measuring message.
The unit of received pilot signal strength is dBm.
Through the analysis, when the interference among the same-frequency cells is large, the success rate of the terminal (UE) for performing the same-frequency hard handover is not high; at this time, if the terminal performs inter-frequency hard handover, the handover success rate can be improved. Therefore, when a terminal performs cell switching, it is usually necessary to perform common-frequency measurement and pilot-frequency measurement at the same time, and the RNC determines whether to perform common-frequency switching or pilot-frequency switching or even load switching according to a measurement result reported by the terminal, where the load switching is a target cell that is determined to be switched according to a load condition of an adjacent cell.
According to the requirement of protocol specification, the Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, the maximum number of the adjacent cells measured by the terminal includes: 32 TDD co-frequency cells (including service cell); 32 inter-frequency cells (including TDD cells distributed over up to three TDD carriers and FDD cells distributed over up to three FDD carriers if the terminal has this capability); 32 RAT GSM cells (if the terminal has this capability).
A Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, the number of adjacent cells measured by a terminal at most comprises: 32 FDD co-frequency cells (including serving cells); 32 inter-frequency cells (including FDD cells distributed over at most two FDD carriers and TDD cells distributed over at most three TDD carriers, if the terminal has this capability); within an IPDL (Idle Periods in DownLink) interval, 16 co-frequency cells can be monitored (if the terminal has this capability).
Therefore, whether the TDD terminal or the FDD terminal is, the number of neighboring cells for measuring the inter-frequency carrier is limited.
If the number of the carriers supported by the adjacent base station exceeds the capability of the terminal for measuring the pilot frequency carrier required by the protocol specification, the terminal can not measure all existing TDD and/or FDD pilot frequency cells; however, when the terminal performs cell handover at present, the target handover cell is generated by using the neighbor cell measurement information (including the path loss information measured by the terminal) measured and reported by the terminal, so that the range of the target cell for terminal handover is greatly limited, that is, the existing resources of the system cannot be fully utilized.
If the number of the carriers supported by the adjacent base station does not exceed the requirement of the protocol specification, the terminal can measure all the adjacent cells. When the terminal switches by using a general measurement control method, the number of cells measured by the terminal is large, and the time for measuring all the adjacent cells each time is long, so that the terminal cannot report the measurement information of the adjacent cells in time, and the success rate of cell switching is reduced.
In summary, the current cell handover measurement control method is not only complex and impractical, but also often cannot flexibly and effectively balance the load between cells due to the limitation of the terminal capability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a measurement control method for switching mobile communication cells, a terminal can still selectively perform same-frequency switching and different-frequency switching on all adjacent cells under the condition of the minimum number of measured cells, and the switching success rate can be improved; the load among cells can be flexibly and uniformly balanced among a plurality of carriers (the number of the carriers is not limited); meanwhile, the invention can also ensure the link quality of the user.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a measurement control method for mobile communication cell switching, a radio network controller RNC receives a measurement report from user equipment UE, the measurement report is organized and reported according to measurement control information configured for the UE by the RNC; further comprising:
A. when UE reports link deterioration event report, it also attaches several path loss measurement report values of same frequency and/or different frequency cell on the nearest base station to the UE, and executes step B; when UE reports 1G/1D/2A event report, executing step C;
b, RNC determines the switching target base station with balanced load and the carrier corresponding to the switching target cell according to the path loss measurement report values and the load of the carrier on the base stations corresponding to the path loss measurement report values;
and C, the RNC generates a switching target cell from the same-frequency or different-frequency target cell provided by the 1G/1D/2A event of the UE according to the pilot signal measurement information.
Wherein, RNC configures measurement control information for UE, including:
a. setting 1G/1D event measurement configuration information in a UE common-frequency measurement message;
b. setting 2A event measurement configuration information in UE pilot frequency measurement information, and adding a measurement ID of a same frequency measurement message in additional measurement information of the UE pilot frequency measurement message;
c. and setting measurement configuration information corresponding to the link deterioration event in the UE measurement message, and adding measurement IDs of the same-frequency measurement message and the different-frequency measurement message in the additional measurement information of the UE measurement message.
The RNC organizes the measurement control information according to the sequence of a → b → c and sends the information to the UE; in the intra-frequency measurement configuration of step a and the inter-frequency measurement configuration of step b, the UE is required to measure only one carrier supported by each neighboring base station.
In the step a, the path loss measurement report values of the co-frequency and/or inter-frequency cells on the base stations closest to the UE are minimum path loss values of at most three co-frequency and/or inter-frequency cells obtained by the UE through one co-frequency carrier or one inter-frequency carrier on the adjacent base station required by the measurement system; in step B, determining the handover target base station with balanced load and the carrier corresponding to the handover target cell further includes:
b1, the RNC determines a base station corresponding to the minimum path loss measurement report value in the obtained at most three path loss measurement report values as a switching target base station;
B2. calculating the load of each carrier on the switching target base station, and sequencing according to the size;
B3. and taking the carrier with the minimum load as the carrier corresponding to the switching target cell.
In the step B2, the load of each carrier on the handover target base station is calculated according to the sum of the carrier loads on at most three base stations which are the same as the carrier on the handover target base station and include the handover target base station and are closest to the UE, and the at most three base stations closest to the UE are base stations corresponding to the path loss measurement values of the neighboring cells of the same frequency and/or different frequency additionally reported when the link quality deteriorates.
The load of each carrier on the base station is periodically calculated by the RNC, and the method comprises the following steps:
if the UE works in a time division duplex mode, the uplink carrier and the downlink carrier are the same,
when the used uplink code resource and the used downlink code resource do not cross the time slot, the calculated carrier load is the minimum time slot load value of the carrier on the base station;
when the used uplink code resource and downlink code resource cross the time slot, the calculated carrier load is the time slot load average value of the carrier on the base station;
if the UE works in a frequency division duplex mode, distinguishing uplink/downlink carriers to calculate the carrier load, wherein the uplink carrier load is the carrier load corresponding to the uplink carrier, and the downlink carrier load is the carrier load corresponding to the downlink carrier; in step B3, the uplink and downlink carriers with the smallest load are respectively used as the uplink and downlink carriers corresponding to the handover target cell.
In the method, an RNC generates a common-frequency or different-frequency switching target base station and a carrier corresponding to a switching target cell according to path loss measurement report values of common-frequency and/or different-frequency cells on a plurality of base stations which are closest to the RNC (namely a plurality of cell path loss measurement values used by the RNC are respectively from a plurality of different base stations) reported by a UE (terminal) and load information obtained by calculating the load information, namely the load size of each carrier of the plurality of base stations. The maximum number of the plurality is three.
The invention provides a switching control method for ensuring link quality, namely, cell switching in the traditional sense is carried out when the link quality is good, and load balancing switching of the invention is carried out when the link quality is poor. The invention provides a cell switching measurement control method, which adopts path loss measurement values of cells with the same frequency and/or different frequencies on a plurality of base stations which are closest to the terminal and reported by the terminal to obtain a target base station for switching with the same frequency or different frequencies. And the RNC determines the carrier corresponding to the target cell for load balancing switching according to the cell load information and the cell path loss measured value. When calculating the load, for a terminal UE working in a Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode, it needs to determine whether the terminal crosses a timeslot, and an uplink carrier of the terminal is the same as a downlink carrier of the terminal UE. For a terminal UE operating in the frequency division duplex mode, it is necessary to distinguish uplink and downlink loads of a cell, where the uplink and downlink loads of the cell are carrier loads of uplink and downlink carriers corresponding to the cell.
Here, it should be noted that: the load information of the cell can be divided into two definitions of time slot load and carrier load, and the definition of the time slot load is more, such as time slot receiving total power, time slot interference power, time slot signal-to-noise ratio, time slot data service throughput, number of occupied code resources of the time slot, and the like. The method of the present invention does not limit the slot load definition. The definition of the carrier load of the TDD mode terminal according to the present invention may be: the carrier load is a time slot load average value (i.e. a time slot load average value) of all uplink and downlink time slots of a carrier corresponding to a cell. The definition of the carrier load of the TDD mode terminal according to the present invention may also be: the average value of the uplink minimum time slot load value and the downlink minimum time slot load value of the corresponding carrier of the cell (namely the minimum time slot load value).
According to the protocol specification requirement, when a cell is switched, the number of cells and the number of carriers measured by a terminal have an upper limit, that is, the terminal may not be able to measure all neighboring cells, so that the range of a target cell for providing switching is limited. The method of the invention has no such limitation, and the terminal can selectively perform same-frequency switching or different-frequency switching on all the adjacent cells under the condition of only measuring one carrier of each adjacent base station, so that the number of the measured cells is reduced, and the corresponding measurement is more timely and reliable, thereby improving the switching success rate of the terminal, simultaneously flexibly balancing the load among the cells among a plurality of carriers of which the number is not limited, and ensuring the link quality of a user while ensuring the switching.
The invention is used for a 3G wireless communication network system and can be suitable for two modes of TDD and FDD.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of intercell interference during intra-cell handover;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a handover control flow based on the measurement control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a measurement control method for cell switching, which enables UE to carry out selective same-frequency switching and different-frequency switching on all adjacent cells under the condition of measuring the minimum number of cells, thereby improving the switching success rate; meanwhile, the measurement pressure of the terminal is reduced, the measurement value of the terminal is updated more timely and reliably, the switching can be executed timely and accurately, and the flexibility of the system for load balancing can be greatly improved.
The invention judges whether the terminal enters a switching area or not and determines a specific switching target cell by comparing the path loss of the same-frequency or different-frequency cells.
The measurement control method of the invention is mainly embodied in two aspects:
1) If the terminal reports a 1G/1D/2A event (when the best common-frequency or different-frequency cell changes), the system considers that the interference between cells near the position of the terminal is small under the condition, and the system requires the terminal to perform the conventional inter-cell switching, namely, the common-frequency or different-frequency target cell selected during the terminal switching is provided by the 1G/1D/2A event.
2) If the terminal reports a link quality deterioration event, and the system considers that the inter-cell interference is large under the condition, the system requires the terminal to perform load-based switching. At this time, the system requires that when the terminal reports the link quality deterioration event, the terminal additionally reports the minimum path loss measurement value of the same-frequency cell and/or the different-frequency cell (the number of reports of the path loss measurement value of the same-frequency cell and/or the different-frequency cell is not more than three, the path loss measurement values not more than three are sorted according to the size during reporting, and the first path loss measurement value is the smallest one of the three), and the system determines the target cell switched by the terminal according to the measurement reports of the cells reported by the terminal and the acquired load information.
By adjusting the threshold value of link quality deterioration, the system can make a reasonable compromise between the switching success rate and the switching times.
Referring to fig. 2, a block diagram of a handover flow based on the measurement control method of the present invention is shown.
UE measurement control configuration comprising:
1) Event (specifically configured as 1G Event or/and 1D Event) measurement configuration information is set in an Intra-frequency measurement (Intra-frequency measurement) message of the UE.
2) Setting Event (specifically configured as 2A Event) measurement configuration information in a UE Inter-frequency measurement (Inter-frequency measurement) message, and adding a measurement ID of an intra-frequency measurement message in additional measurement information of the message.
3) And setting a UE measurement configuration event corresponding to the link quality deterioration event in the UE measurement message, and adding measurement IDs of the same-frequency measurement message and the different-frequency measurement message in the additional measurement information of the message.
It should be noted that: the respective measurement messages in the above configuration scheme must be sequentially organized and transmitted in the order described in the above configuration scheme (the order of 1 → 2 → 3 is referred to); the above co-frequency/inter-frequency measurement configuration requires the terminal to measure only one carrier supported by each neighboring base station (the neighboring base station may support multiple carriers, and only one of the carriers is measured to avoid unnecessary measurement of other carriers); the MEASUREMENT ID is given by IE- "MEASUREMENT Identity" in the Uu interface message MEASUREMENT CONTROL.
The configuration method is the basis for realizing the technical scheme of the invention.
In step 23, the rnc determines whether the measurement report from the terminal is a 1G/1D/2A event or a link degradation event, if the measurement report is a 1G/1D/2A event, the rnc performs steps 241 and 242, and if the measurement report is a link degradation event, the rnc performs steps 251 and 252. The judgment is beneficial to ensuring the link quality, and the algorithm is simple and easy to implement.
241, when the terminal reports the 1G/1D/2A event, the system requires the terminal to switch between the cells in the traditional sense, the same frequency or different frequency target cell adopted in the terminal switching is provided by the 1G/1D/2A event, and then the switching target cell is generated according to the pilot signal measurement information (the pilot signal intensity is strongest);
and 242, performing inter-cell handover according to the determined handover target cell.
And 251, when the terminal reports the link deterioration event, the system requires the terminal to perform load balancing switching based on the load, and generates a target cell for load balancing switching according to the load information and the cell measurement information.
Suppose that: the neighboring base stations support N different downlink carriers.
N downlink carrier labels i, i =1,2,3, ·, N supported by the base station;
the labels j, j =1,.. The j is less than or equal to 3, of a plurality of cells (representing a plurality of base stations closest to the cells) in the terminal measurement report message;
the load size of the carrier i on the base station j is L i，j And the terminal obtains a path loss measurement value M measured by the base station j j 。
The generation method of the RNC load balancing handover target cell is divided into two steps:
(1) Firstly, according to the minimum path loss measured value M reported by UE j Determining the minimum pathloss measurement value M j The corresponding base station is a switching target base station.
(2) And then sorting the load of each carrier on the switching target base station, wherein the uplink and downlink carriers with the minimum load are the uplink and downlink carriers corresponding to the switching target cell, and the uplink carrier and the downlink carrier in the TDD mode are the same.
When calculating the load size of each carrier on the handover target base station, in order to effectively balance the inter-cell load, the load size of each carrier needs to consider the mutual influence of the same carrier loads on a plurality of base stations closest to the UE, that is, the load of each carrier on the handover target base station is calculated according to the sum of the carrier loads on at most three base stations (including the handover target base station) closest to the UE, which are the same as the carrier on the handover target base station.
The base station for calculating the load size is the base station corresponding to the path loss measurement values of the same-frequency and/or different-frequency adjacent cells additionally reported when the link quality is deteriorated.
If the carrier does not exist in a certain base station, the corresponding load value of the carrier on the base station is 0. The load on carrier i on the handover target base station is:
in the handover target base station, the carrier with the minimum load on the N carriers is the carrier corresponding to the handover target cell.
Load (L) of carrier I on base station j in equation (I) i，j ) The size is the result of the periodical calculation of the RNC, and the calculation method is as follows:
if the user to be switched works in TDD mode, when the used uplink and downlink code resources do not cross time slot, the load L is i，j The minimum time slot load value of the carrier i on the representative base station j is the average value of the uplink minimum time slot load value and the downlink minimum time slot load value of the carrier i; when the used uplink or downlink code resource crosses the time slot, the load L i，j The average time slot load of the carrier i on the representative base station j is the average time slot load of all the uplink and downlink time slots of the carrier i.
If the user to be switched is operating in FDD mode, the load L i，j Representing the carrier loading of carrier i on base station j. When calculating the carrier load, it is necessary to distinguish between uplink/downlink carriers, i.e. the uplink carrier load is the carrier load corresponding to the uplink carrier, and the downlink carrier load is the carrier load corresponding to the downlink carrier.
The method for realizing the inter-cell load balancing through the load balancing switching is simple and flexible.
The method of the invention ensures that the UE only needs to measure the minimum number of the same-frequency and/or different-frequency cells during switching, ensures that the updating of the terminal measured value is more timely and reliable, is favorable for timely and accurately switching, and is favorable for load balancing among carriers because the number of the switchable TDD/FDD different-frequency target carriers is not limited. In a word, the invention reduces the complexity of the terminal for realizing switching, improves the success rate of user switching, ensures the link quality as much as possible, and reduces the complexity of the load balancing algorithm among cells.
Claims (9)
1. A measurement control method for mobile communication cell switching, a radio network controller RNC receives a measurement report from user equipment UE, the measurement report is organized and reported according to measurement control information configured for the UE by the RNC, characterized by comprising:
A. when the UE reports the link deterioration event report, a plurality of path loss measurement report values of the same-frequency and/or different-frequency cells on the base station closest to the UE are attached, and step B is executed; when UE reports 1G/1D/2A event report, executing step C;
b, RNC determines the switching target base station with balanced load and the carrier corresponding to the switching target cell according to the path loss measurement report values and the load of the carrier on the base stations corresponding to the path loss measurement report values;
and C, the RNC generates a switching target cell from the same-frequency or different-frequency target cell provided by the 1G/1D/2A event of the UE according to the pilot signal measurement information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the RNC configures the measurement control information for the UE, comprising:
a. setting 1G/1D event measurement configuration information in a UE common-frequency measurement message;
b. setting 2A event measurement configuration information in UE pilot frequency measurement information, and adding a measurement ID of a same frequency measurement message in additional measurement information of the UE pilot frequency measurement message;
c. and setting measurement configuration information corresponding to the link deterioration event in the UE measurement message, and adding measurement IDs of the same-frequency measurement message and the different-frequency measurement message in the additional measurement information of the UE measurement message.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the RNC organizes the measurement control information according to the sequence of a → b → c and sends the information to the UE; in the co-frequency measurement configuration of step a and the inter-frequency measurement configuration of step b, the UE is required to measure only one carrier supported by each neighboring base station.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, the pathloss measurement report values of the co-frequency and/or inter-frequency cells on the plurality of base stations closest to the UE are minimum pathloss values of at most three co-frequency and/or inter-frequency cells obtained by the UE through measuring one co-frequency carrier or one inter-frequency carrier on an adjacent base station required by the system.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein step B further comprises:
b1, the RNC determines a base station corresponding to the minimum one of the at most three path loss measurement report values as a switching target base station;
B2. calculating the load of each carrier on the switching target base station, and sequencing according to the size;
B3. and taking the carrier with the minimum load as the carrier corresponding to the switching target cell.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: in the step B2, the load of each carrier on the handover target base station is calculated according to the sum of the carrier loads on at most three base stations which are the same as the carrier on the handover target base station and include the handover target base station and are closest to the UE, and the at most three base stations closest to the UE are base stations corresponding to the path loss measurement values of the neighboring cells of the same frequency and/or different frequency additionally reported when the link quality deteriorates.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the load of each carrier on the base station is periodically calculated by the RNC, and the method comprises the following steps:
if the UE works in a time division duplex mode, the uplink carrier and the downlink carrier are the same,
when the used uplink code resource and the used downlink code resource do not cross the time slot, the calculated carrier load is the minimum time slot load value of the carrier on the base station;
when the used uplink code resource and downlink code resource cross the time slot, the calculated carrier load is the time slot load average value of the carrier on the base station;
if the UE works in a frequency division duplex mode, distinguishing uplink/downlink carriers to calculate the carrier load, wherein the uplink carrier load is the carrier load corresponding to the uplink carrier, and the downlink carrier load is the carrier load corresponding to the downlink carrier; in step B3, the uplink and downlink carriers with the smallest load are respectively used as the uplink and downlink carriers corresponding to the handover target cell.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the minimum time slot load value is an average value calculated according to the uplink minimum time slot load value and the downlink minimum time slot load value of the carrier.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein: the time slot load average value is the load average value calculated according to all the time slots of the carrier uplink and the carrier downlink.
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| CN101127998B (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2012-10-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and terminal for adjacent cell measurement of terminal in long evolving system |
| CN101155376B (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2011-10-19 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Measuring control method of multi-carrier wave mobile communication system |
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