CN100357762C - Quantum coherent optical synthetic aperture method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a quantum coherent optical synthetic aperture method. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, emitting, namely that a detection light source is selected, quanta are coded, and detection light beams are selected; step 2, receiving reflected waves: a plurality of unit aperture optical systems receive the reflection waves from the same detected object; each unit obtains light wave information carrying positions and intensity and light wave information which is modulated with an object phases and contains phases; step 3, separating and extracting the light wave information obtained by each unit so as to separate classical physical information and quantum information. The present invention solves the technical problems of low resolution and difficult breakthrough and improvement of background technologies; the present invention adds a brand-new technical means and a method in the field of remote sensing to the ground, Instruments based on the present invention also have the advantages of simple structure, light weight, small size, high resolution accuracy, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method.
Background technology
In the space remote sensing field, how to improve the first resolution in ground, be one of key issue of earth observation technology always.Up to now, for photographing more clear, trickleer target, under the condition of optical system diffraction limit, improvable technological approaches mainly contained two: one, on the basis that keeps relative aperture, the focal length of lengthening optical telescope, promptly under the situation that keeps optical system diffraction spot size constancy, contraction scale.As the И OHP2 camera of USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) in the Heaven eighties, 4 meters of focal lengths.The entrained high resolution CCD camera of A Erkanggao satellite of Russia's emission in 1997, focal length has reached 27 meters.And the visible light camera focus that is loaded with on the U.S. KH-12 military reconnaissance satellite is longer, is 38 meters.Another solution is to keep strengthening the bore of optical system under the constant situation of focal length.Its objective is to reducing the diffraction spot size, when adopting corresponding with it detector, do not change focal length and also can improve the first resolution in ground with less pixel dimension.So prior art all is to adopt long-focus, wide-aperture method as far as possible.Because it is be subjected to the restriction of detector pixel dimension, more then be the way that adopts the increase focal length.Because of being subjected to the restriction of spaceflight delivering tool, the volume of optical imagery camera, weight can not infinitely increase over the ground; In addition, the technical merit of material, processing technology, components and parts etc. also will restrict the further raising of resolution conversely after acquiring a certain degree; And essentially, technological approaches up to now all is to be based upon with the physics diffraction to be distinguished as on final, the impassable limit basis.Therefore, it can only adopt the size of lengthening, increasing system to solve, and has no other way.
The development of synthetic aperture antenna technology has had the history of four more than ten years, promptly proposes for obtain more high-resolution side-looking radar image in the aviation flight process at first.The resolution of real aperture side-looking radar on heading, distance that is co-wavelength, measured target etc. is inversely proportional to, and is directly proportional with the length of antenna at heading.To strengthen antenna size limited in force in order to improve resolution, promptly will rely on to strengthen true radar aperture and come unconfined raising resolution can not realize in practical engineering application.
Synthetic aperture technique can be divided into from the detection mode active and two kinds of passive types.Relevant optical synthesis aperture is used for the earth observation imaging, the scheme of only seeing passive type at present.Its ultimate principle is that target reflection light is cut apart by the corrugated, and then interferes superposition, and is more carefully sharp to obtain, become image patch clearly.Multiple embodiments once appearred in principle according to this, and as multiple reflection mirror optical synthesis aperture system, many optics of telescope Synthetic Aperture System, purpose is and realizes the multiple beam combination.But because its accuracy requirement to system is all very high, as the registration accuracy of corresponding coherent point, the registration accuracy of a plurality of pupils etc.Therefore, adopt the complex light of passive type relevant, will reach practicability in remotely sensed image, the engineering difficulty is very big.
Summary of the invention
It is low to the invention solves background technology resolution, is difficult to the technical matters that breaks through, improves.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method, its special character is: it adopts active synthetic aperture probe method, and this method comprises
1). emission:
(1). select probe source: the detection source of making optical radar with laser;
(2). carry out quantum coding: carry out quantum coding to surveying light wave;
(3). select detecting light beam: adopt the detecting light beam of surveying the light wave polarization direction;
(4). emission: adopt one of point, line or belt scan mode;
2). receive reflection wave: aperture, a plurality of unit optical system receives from the same reflected by objects ripple that is detected, and each unit obtains to be loaded with position, intensity and contains mutually a light-wave information with object is modulated;
(1). receive: adopt the array received mode to receive reflected wave information; Directly be combined into Image Acquisition classical physics information by position, strength information; Detect the quantum phase information by quantum device;
(2). determine the method for quantum coherent: adopt quantized system dynamic evolution process and the evolution mode under the quantum coherent effect; Adopt the quantum coding of indefinite length to obtain quantum information;
3). carry out separation and Extraction: the light-wave information that obtains in each unit is carried out separation and Extraction;
(1). isolate classical physics information: the light-wave information that is loaded with position, intensity that directly will obtain synthesizes optical imagery and obtains;
(2). isolate quantum information: be the utilization quantum coherence effect, detect by quantum device and isolate light wave quantum bit phase information.
Above-mentioned classical physics information can adopt the light-wave information that is loaded with position, intensity that will obtain to convert electric signal to and do aftertreatment, is combined into image again and obtains.
Above-mentioned when the light-wave information that obtains in each unit is carried out separation and Extraction, classical physics information and quantum information can be separated separately, carry out separation and Extraction respectively.
Above-mentionedly detect the physical characteristics that the approach isolate light wave quantum bit phase information can bound substances, from survey light, extract required information, remove unfavorable factor by quantum device.
Above-mentionedly from survey light, extract required information, remove unfavorable factor and can adopt the detection that utilizes the high-order quantum coherence effect to carry out light field amplitude, position phase quantum information to separate.
Above-mentioned selection detecting light beam also can comprise light beam beamwidth or the beam transmission form selected.
Above-mentioned reception reflected wave information mode can be obtain be loaded with position, strength information reflection wave in, obtain corresponding phase information.
Above-mentioned utilization quantum coherence effect is isolated light wave quantum bit phase information by the quantum device detection and can be realized in faint condition, and the aequum subsignal is amplified.
Above-mentioned faint condition can be under the single photon magnitude condition.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. simple structure;
2. volume is little, and is in light weight;
3. resolving accuracy height.Shooting results is more clear, trickleer;
4. processing technology is convenient, and easily through engineering approaches is implemented.
5. not only many a kind of brand-new technology means and methods in the remote sensing of the earth field of the present invention, and also will have simple structure, gently little, the resolving accuracy advantages of higher of device based on the instrument of this development.
6. the present invention is a carrier to survey light wave, utilization quantum coherent principle design detection method in synthetic aperture technique, thus improved the detection sensitivity of target light such as, diffused light anti-to atural object, and can obtain more information.
Embodiment
A strip antenna when making linear uniform motion aloft, can be regarded a plurality of antenna elements of diverse location as.The antenna element of each position all receives the target scattering ripple or the reflected wave information of corresponding positions phase respectively.Then, with these information stores, processing, it is synthetic to be concerned with, and just obtains being equivalent to the result of detection of the vast of heaven line of a plurality of antennas.Synthetic-aperture radar with high-resolution imaging promptly according to this principle of synthetic antenna develop.
At present, Synthetic Aperture Radar Technique is gradually improved, and has been applied in the earth observation of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the radar band of use also existing L, C, P, X and microwave.Therefore, shorter for the wave band wavelength that synthetic-aperture radar is surveyed, frequency is higher, the present invention utilizes the quantum coherence messages to realize the optical synthesis aperture very high resolution.Specifically be the utilization quantum coherence effect,, realize Detection of Weak Signals in conjunction with the synthetic aperture antenna technology.When obtaining measured target reflected light or scattered light intensity signal, also can learn its phase information, and then obtain the very high resolution of target.
The present invention is a carrier to survey light wave, utilization quantum coherent principle design detection method in synthetic aperture technique.Because the target information that will survey is more, there are position, intensity and position to equate, and corresponding one by one, so the present invention adopts active synthetic aperture to survey.The specific implementation method is as follows:
1. emission:
1]. select probe source: because laser has good directivity, monochromaticity, the first-selected laser of the present invention is made the detection source of optical radar.Also should consider suitable atmospheric optics window during concrete enforcement.
2]. carry out quantum coding: carry out quantum coding to surveying light wave.When carrying out the measurement of quantum information, because the inevitable coupling of system and environment, quantum coherence will be decayed in time, and quantum information is destroyed, i.e. eliminating coherence.Quantum coding is the most effectual way that overcomes eliminating coherence, error correction, fault avoidance.
3]. select detecting light beam:, can adopt the detecting light beam of surveying the light wave polarization direction corresponding to the polarised direction of radar wave.Also can consider light beam beamwidth, beam transmission form etc. according to actual needs.
4]. emission: emission can be adopted scan mode, adopts point, line, band scan mode all can.The advantage of spot scan is concentration of energy, detection accuracy height, when deficiency is high-speed flight, can't the side direction of synchronous, the equal resolution of distance be detected; Line sweep when high-speed flight, can can't be finished the far and near equal side direction whole audience and detect equally; The band scan mode of certain beam configuration is the mode that existing synthetic-aperture radar adopts.The visual concrete condition of practical application is selected one of aforesaid way.
2. reception reflection wave: aperture, a plurality of unit optical system receives from the same reflected by objects ripple that is detected, and the light wave that each unit obtains is loaded with the information that equates of position, intensity and other and object modulation.
1]. receive: adopt the array received mode to receive reflected wave information.Obtain be loaded with position, strength information reflection wave in, obtain corresponding phase information.Or directly by position, strength information reflex composograph, the quantum bit phase information is then detected by quantum device.
2]. determine the method for quantum coherent:, adopt quantized system dynamic evolution process and the evolution mode under the quantum coherent effect for avoiding the quantum eliminating coherence; For avoid tangling the variation of attitude in environmental impact and measuring process, the quantum coding that has adopted indefinite length is to obtain effective quantum information.
3. carry out separation and Extraction: the light-wave information that obtains in each unit is carried out separation and Extraction.Detect when separating, two category informations can be separated separately and detect processing respectively.
1]. isolate classical physics information: the available light electrical part detect to separate obtains, and the light-wave information that is loaded with position, intensity etc. that promptly photoelectric device will obtain converts electric signal to and does aftertreatment, is combined into image again and obtains.If the light-wave information that is loaded with position, intensity that directly will obtain synthesizes optical imagery and obtains then better.
2]. isolate quantum information: it is the utilization quantum coherence effect, is detected by quantum device and isolates light wave quantum bit phase information.Adopting quantum coherence effect to detect can be to realize under the single photon magnitude condition in faint condition, and can amplify the aequum subsignal.The method of realization quantum coherent and approach have multiple, and the physical characteristics of bound substances is extracted required information from survey light, remove unfavorable factor.The detection that specifically can utilize the high-order quantum coherence effect to carry out light field amplitude, the equal quantum information in position separates.
Claims (9)
1. quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method, it is characterized in that: it adopts active synthetic aperture probe method, and this active synthetic aperture probe method comprises
1). emission:
(1). select probe source: the detection source of making optical radar with laser;
(2). carry out quantum coding: carry out quantum coding to surveying light wave;
(3). select detecting light beam: adopt the detecting light beam of surveying the light wave polarization direction;
(4). emission: adopt one of point, line or belt scan mode;
2). receive reflection wave: aperture, a plurality of unit optical system receives from the same reflected by objects ripple that is detected, and each unit obtains to be loaded with position, intensity and contains mutually a light-wave information with object is modulated;
(1). receive: adopt the array received mode to receive reflected wave information; Directly be combined into Image Acquisition classical physics information by position, strength information; Detect the quantum phase information by quantum device;
(2). determine the method for quantum coherent: adopt quantized system dynamic evolution process and the evolution mode under the quantum coherent effect; Adopt the quantum coding of indefinite length to obtain quantum information;
3). carry out separation and Extraction: the light-wave information that obtains in each unit is carried out separation and Extraction;
(1). isolate classical physics information: the light-wave information that is loaded with position, intensity that directly will obtain synthesizes optical imagery and obtains;
(2). isolate quantum information: be the utilization quantum coherence effect, detect by quantum device and isolate light wave quantum bit phase information.
2. quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described classical physics information is that the light-wave information that is loaded with position, intensity that will obtain converts electric signal to and does aftertreatment, is combined into image again and obtains.
3. quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described when the light-wave information that obtains in each unit is carried out separation and Extraction, classical physics information and quantum information are separated separately, carry out separation and Extraction respectively.
4. quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described to detect the approach isolate light wave quantum bit phase information by quantum device be the physical characteristics of bound substances, from survey light, extract required information, remove unfavorable factor.
5. quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: describedly extract required information from survey light, removing unfavorable factor is that the detection that utilizes the high-order quantum coherence effect to carry out light field amplitude, position phase quantum information separates.
6. quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described selection detecting light beam also comprises light beam beamwidth or the beam transmission form selected.
7. quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described reception reflected wave information mode be obtain be loaded with position, strength information reflection wave in, obtain corresponding phase information.
8. quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: described utilization quantum coherence effect, isolating light wave quantum bit phase information by the quantum device detection is to realize in faint condition, and required quantum information is amplified.
9. quantum coherent optical synthesis aperture method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described faint condition is meant under the single photon magnitude condition.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002065153A1 (en) * | 2001-02-09 | 2002-08-22 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Lidar system and method |
| CN2530273Y (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2003-01-08 | 青岛海洋大学 | Underwater laser line crossing scanning imaging device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2002065153A1 (en) * | 2001-02-09 | 2002-08-22 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Lidar system and method |
| CN2530273Y (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2003-01-08 | 青岛海洋大学 | Underwater laser line crossing scanning imaging device |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 原子激光量子相干性的强光控制 景辉，葛墨林.中国科学，第31卷第8期 2001 * |
| 用干涉法实现光学合成孔径 彭仁军，吴健，杨春平，陈长庚.光学学报，第22卷第3期 2002 * |
| 量子编码 段路明，郭光灿.物理，第27卷第8期 1998 * |
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