CN100349449C - End-to-end network measuring method based on real-time transmission protocol - Google Patents
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- CN100349449C CN100349449C CNB2004100057877A CN200410005787A CN100349449C CN 100349449 C CN100349449 C CN 100349449C CN B2004100057877 A CNB2004100057877 A CN B2004100057877A CN 200410005787 A CN200410005787 A CN 200410005787A CN 100349449 C CN100349449 C CN 100349449C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an end-to-end measuring method based on a real-time transmission protocol. A media data stream and a measured data stream are transmitted in a mixed mode in the same connection, and different data is separated according to the structure properties of message headers of RTP data packets and is respectively processed, namely that for received mixed data stream, a receiving end separates media data and measured data according to the PT region of the type of data in the message header of each RTP data packet, and the statistic processing and the analysis processing are respectively carried out to the measured data of different sources according to a sync source SSRC of the message header of the RTP packet to obtain a network measuring result. The media data are normally processed in an original method. The method overcomes the limitations of the existing RTP protocol and can comprehensively measure various properties of a network, and the measuring result is more in conformity with the actual state of the network; moreover, the measuring cost is low, and the range of application is wide; the present invention can be in compatibility with any system adopting the RTP protocol. A multimedia service supplier can utilize the method to monitor and manage the transmission of multimedia streams according to the measuring result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of network measure method, exactly, relate to a kind of good, the low end to end network method of measurement of measurement cost of combination property, compatibility that can monitor multimedia application fast in real time, belong to computer network of network field of measuring technique in the information technology based on real-time transport protocol (rtp).
Background technology
The fast development of Internet and the development of popularizing to streaming media service provide powerful market forces and demand, and streaming media service becomes widely popular.Now, stream media technology has been used for the every aspect of the information service of the Internets such as internet multimedia news briefing, online live, the web advertisement, ecommerce, video request program, long-distance education, tele-medicine, network radio station, real-time video meeting.The application of stream media technology will bring revolutionary variation for the network information exchanges, and will exert far reaching influence to people's work and life.
Realtime transmission protocol RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol) is to be used for the last a kind of host-host protocol at multimedia data stream of Internet.RTP is defined in point-to-point or a bit works under the transmission situation to multiple spot, and main application provides temporal information and realizes that stream synchronously.RTP uses UDP to transmit data usually, but RTP also can work on other agreements such as TCP or ATM.RTP itself can not provide reliable transfer mechanism for transfer data packets in order, and flow control or congested control are not provided yet, and it relies on RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol RTCP that these services are provided.
RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol RTCP (Real-time Transport Control Protocol) and RTP provide flow control and congested control service together.During the RTP session, each participant periodically transmits the RTCP bag.Contain the quantity of data packets that has sent, the statistics of losing such as quantity of data packets in the RTCP bag, therefore, server can utilize these information dynamically to change transmission rate, even changes PT Payload Type.
For high-performance, the high stable of realizing Streaming Media transmission with characteristic such as can manage, just need to understand the various performances of transmission network, comprise packet loss, network queueing delay, network availability bandwidth etc.Therefore, the research of network measure and key technology thereof has very important meaning for reliable operation that guarantees the Streaming Media transmission and efficient operation.
End-to-end measurement is meant a kind of metering system that does not need router cooperation in the network, and two main frames at the tested network path of general using two ends are finished the measurement task, and wherein a main frame that sends the measurement data bag is called transmitting terminal; Another reception measurement data bag and deal with data provide result's main frame, are called receiving terminal.
Present Real-time Transport Protocol itself is the Measurement Network parameters not, can not realize control and management to streaming media data transmission, but by the rtcp protocol of cooperating with it network condition be measured, and convection current media delivery on this basis manages.
During the RTP session, each participant periodically transmits the RTCP bag, its nearest reception condition is reported to all senders, and these information comprise the number of the maximum serial number of received packet, the bag number of losing, out of order bag and the time scale information that is used to estimate propagation delay time.Transmit leg is adjusted their transmission rate according to the network condition that these information reflected.
So, the method of measurement of existing Real-time Transport Protocol has determined the content of its packet and has sent frequency all can't realize according to the requirement of network measure dynamically changing, it can only come network performance is inferred that promptly it can only measure packet loss, has limited measuring range by the situation of losing of statistical data packet; It can not effectively be monitored performance parameters such as network availability bandwidths, and these parameters have significance for the transmission and the management of multimedia application.Therefore, how to seek a kind of combination property that can monitor multimedia application fast in real time, compatible good, measure the fresh target that the low end-to-end measurement method of cost just becomes the insider and pursued.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of end to end network method of measurement based on real-time transport protocol (rtp), this method can overcome the deficiency that existing Real-time Transport Protocol can only be measured packet loss, can the composite measurement packet loss, various performances such as network queueing delay, network availability bandwidth; This method is applied widely because it does not change Real-time Transport Protocol itself, can with the system compatible of any employing Real-time Transport Protocol; And it is lower to measure cost.Multimedia service provider can utilize this method according to measurement result monitoring and management transmission of multimedia streams, and multimedia service is provided better.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of end to end network method of measurement based on RTP, it is characterized in that: with media data flow and measurement data stream mixed transport in same the connection, after receiving terminal is received blended data stream, earlier distinguish media data and measurement data according to the loadtype PT in the heading in each RTP packet, again according to the synchronisation source SSRC in the heading in this RTP packet to the measurement data of separate sources add up respectively, analyzing and processing, obtain the network measure result.
Describedly distinguish media data and measurement data according to the loadtype PT in the heading of RTP packet, and the respective handling of carrying out respectively further comprises following content of operation at receiving terminal: to media data according to original method normal process.
This method comprises following operating procedure:
A measures the starting stage: when setting up the RTP connection, transmitting terminal is the synchronisation source SSRC numerical value in selected its source of sign, each measurement data source, and this synchronisation source SSRC numerical value is arbitrary value at random; But, comprise that the synchronisation source SSRC numerical value of each data source in media data source and the measurement data source must be different; Simultaneously, in employed RTP instrument, in advance each is measured corresponding loadtype PT value of content setting and coded system thereof;
B measures transmit stage: transmitting terminal sends the measurement data bag in the Media Stream RTP that has set up connects, after receiving terminal is received blended data, earlier distinguish media data and measurement data according to synchronisation source SSRC numerical value and loadtype PT value, and measurement data consigned to the measurement receiving terminal, by measuring receiving terminal record storage raw measurement data and handling respectively;
The C data processing stage: measure receiving terminal raw measurement data is added up, analyzed, draw measurement result.
Described steps A was measured in the starting stage, and RFC1890 has determined one group of loadtype PT value and has been used to indicate the coded system of different types of data: wherein PT value 0 is voice data, and its coded system is PCMU; PT value 31 is a video data, and its coded system is H261; The PT value of measurement data bag is to choose arbitrarily in the 96-127 scope.
When described measurement data bag was used to measure different performance, the pairing PT value of each measurement data bag should be mutually different numerical value, to show difference.
According to measured performance difference, the coded system of described measurement data bag can define voluntarily, but must guarantee that transmitting terminal is consistent to the understanding of measurement data bag PT field with receiving terminal.
The format and content that described step B measures measurement data bag in the transmit stage depends on selected method of measurement and measures content; This method can be used the initiatively active method of measurement of probe of any transmission, and unqualified to measuring content.
The length of described measurement data bag is RTP heading length and measurement data field length sum, and wherein the measurement data field length depends on selected method of measurement and measures content.
The measurement result that obtains in the described step C data processing stage can feed back to network management monitoring center by other communication protocol, by the media data transmission parameter of network management monitoring center according to measurement result adjustment transmitting terminal, provides multimedia service better.
Described communication protocol is RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol RTCP and Session initiation Protocol SIP.
The present invention is a kind of end to end network method of measurement based on realtime transmission protocol RTP, this method is by analyzing the architectural characteristic of RTP packet, adopt the transmission of going the same way of measurement data and media data, realize data separating and processing respectively at receiving terminal again, thereby obtain the network measure result.So, transmitting terminal of the present invention can be selected different measurement contents as required, send corresponding measurement data bag, so that measure the diverse network characteristic, therefore the present invention can carry out composite measurement to performance parameters such as network packet loss rate, network delay, network availability bandwidths, and can have the terminal mutual of Real-time Transport Protocol with employing now, the scope of application is extensive.Because method of measurement of the present invention adopts very little measurement data bag, therefore the cost of measuring is very low.
In addition, because measurement data is to transmit in same the connection with media data in the inventive method, network characteristic is more approaching in embodiment on the measurement data and the embodiment on media data, therefore the measurement result that the measurement data analysis is obtained suits the actual state of network more, has higher accuracy.Multimedia service provider can utilize this method according to measurement result management and Control Network transmission, and multimedia service is provided better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the heading form schematic diagram of RTP message.
Fig. 2 is the transmission system structural representation of the inventive method.
Fig. 3 is the operating procedure flow chart of the inventive method.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, introduce the working mechanism of the inventive method: well-known, the RTP message is made up of heading and data two parts, and wherein heading is 12 byte-sized, has 10 fields, and the implication of the main field of some of them is respectively described below:
V (version number): 2, be used to identify the version number of RTP.Present version number is generally 2.
P (fill with sign position): 1, whether fill character at the end that is used to be identified at the RTP message.
X (extension bit): whether 1, being used to be identified at the header back has extended head.
CC (number of CSRC): 4, be used to identify the number of contribution source CSRC.
M (sign position): 1, it is explained by concrete application definition.
PT (loadtype): 7, be used to identify the loadtype that is delivered.The corresponding relation of PT sign indicating number and coded system is defined by additional specifications, and the recipient comes the data that receive are decoded with this field.
Sequence Number (serial number): 16, transmit leg whenever sends a RTP message and just serial number is added 1, and this field side of being received is used for the loss situation of detection messages.
Timestamp (time stamp): 32, this field reflects the sampling time of this first byte of RTP message.
SSRC (synchronisation source): 32, be used for the source of identification data.
Because in the RTP packet, identify the data type that is delivered, come the source of identification data with synchronisation source (SSRC) with loadtype (PT).Therefore can with media data flow different loadtype (PT) and synchronisation source (SSRC) numerical value be set respectively for measurement data stream, make this two classes data flow can be in same connection mixed transport, and can according to loadtype (PT) media data flow and measurement data stream in the blended data stream that receives be made a distinction earlier at receiving terminal, make a distinction according to the measurement data stream of synchronisation source (SSRC) again separate sources, add up respectively, analyzing and processing, obtain the network measure result; For media data flow then according to original program normal process.Shown in Figure 2 is exactly the transmission system structural representation of the inventive method.
The inventive method is based on end to end mode and carries out network measure, need be in receiving terminal and transmitting terminal operating measurement program all.According to the time sequencing of the process of measurement, the inventive method mainly comprises three phases: measure the starting stage, measure transmit stage and data processing stage.Referring to Fig. 3, specifically introduce it below respectively:
A measures the starting stage: when setting up RTP, transmitting terminal is the synchronisation source SSRC numerical value in selected its source of sign, each measurement data source, this SSRC numerical value is arbitrary value at random, but, the SSRC numerical value that comprises each data source in media data source and measurement data source must be different, so that receiving terminal can be distinguished it; When using this method, in employed RTP instrument, need in advance to corresponding loadtype PT value of each different measurement content setting and coded system thereof.For example setting latency measurement PT value is 96, sets bandwidth measurement PT value and be 97 etc.Coded system can define voluntarily, also can not carry out encoding and decoding and handle, to not influence of measurement result.
B measures transmit stage: transmitting terminal sends the measurement data bag continuously in the Media Stream RTP that has set up connects, after receiving terminal is received blended data, earlier distinguish media data and measurement data according to synchronisation source SSRC numerical value and PT value, and measurement data consigned to the measurement receiving terminal, by measuring receiving terminal record storage raw measurement data and handling respectively.Wherein the format and content of measurement data bag depends on selected method of measurement and measures content; This method can be used the initiatively active method of measurement of probe (Active Probe) of any transmission, and unqualified to measuring content.
The C data processing stage: measure receiving terminal raw measurement data is added up, analyzed, draw measurement result.This measurement result can utilize other communication protocols (as real-time transmission control protocol RTCP and Session initiation Protocol SIP) to feed back to network management monitoring center, by the media data transmission parameter of network management monitoring center, realize multimedia service better according to measurement result adjustment transmitting terminal.
Following mask body is introduced method of testing and the step of two embodiment of the present invention:
(1) audio data stream+bandwidth measurement data flow
A. measure the starting stage: transmitting terminal is the selected synchronisation source SSRC value of each data source, and wherein audio data stream synchronisation source SSRC value is: 123; Bandwidth measurement synchronization of data streams source SSRC value is 124.According to preestablishing, audio data stream PT value is 0, and bandwidth measurement data flow PT value is 97, does not carry out encoding and decoding and handles.
B measures transmit stage: transmitting terminal sends packets of audio data and measurement data bag in RTP connects; Wherein the heading form of packets of audio data is:
| 2 | 0 | 0 | CC＝0 | 0 | PT＝0 | sequence number＝… |
| Timestamp＝… | ||||||
| SSRC＝123 | ||||||
| Voice data | ||||||
The heading form of measurement data bag is:
| 2 | 0 | 0 | CC＝0 | 0 | PT＝97 | sequence number＝… |
| Timestamp＝… | ||||||
| SSRC＝124 | ||||||
| Measurement data | ||||||
Receiving terminal is analyzed header packet information after receiving blended data stream, is that 0 audio data stream is paid the voice playing instrument and handled with PT value, is that 97 bandwidth measurement packet is paid the processing of corresponding measurement receiving terminal with PT value.
The C data processing stage: measure receiving terminal measurement data is added up, analyzed, draw bandwidth measurement result.
(2) audio conferencing+delay variation is measured
A measures the starting stage: every participant of meeting is that audio data stream and the measurement data flow point of oneself Xuan Ding synchronisation source SSRC value.According to preestablishing, audio data stream PT value is 0, and latency measurement data PT value is 97, does not carry out encoding and decoding and handles.
B measures transmit stage: each participant sends packets of audio data and measurement data bag to other participants; After each participant receives blended data, header packet information being analyzed, is that 0 audio stream is paid media receiving end with the PT value, handles according to original normal procedure; With the PT value is that 97 delay variation measurement data bag is paid the corresponding receiving terminal of measuring and handled.It is different according to synchronisation source SSRC value to measure receiving terminal, pays different data processing modules.
The C data processing stage: each data processing module carries out data processing, obtains the delay variation measurement result of each participant's correspondence respectively.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of end to end network method of measurement based on RTP, it is characterized in that: with media data flow and measurement data stream mixed transport in same the connection, after receiving terminal is received blended data stream, earlier distinguish media data and measurement data according to the loadtype PT in the heading in each RTP packet, again according to the synchronisation source SSRC in the heading in this RTP packet to the measurement data of separate sources add up respectively, analyzing and processing, obtain the network measure result.
2, end to end network method of measurement according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: describedly distinguish media data and measurement data according to the loadtype PT in the heading of RTP packet, and the respective handling of carrying out respectively further comprises following content of operation at receiving terminal: to media data according to original method normal process.
3, end to end network method of measurement according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this method comprises following operating procedure:
A measures the starting stage: when setting up the RTP connection, transmitting terminal is the synchronisation source SSRC numerical value in selected its source of sign, each measurement data source, and this synchronisation source SSRC numerical value is arbitrary value at random; But, comprise that the synchronisation source SSRC numerical value of each data source in media data source and the measurement data source must be different; Simultaneously, in employed RTP instrument, in advance each is measured corresponding loadtype PT value of content setting and coded system thereof;
B measures transmit stage: transmitting terminal sends the measurement data bag in the Media Stream RTP that has set up connects, after receiving terminal is received blended data, earlier distinguish media data and measurement data according to synchronisation source SSRC numerical value and loadtype PT value, and measurement data consigned to the measurement receiving terminal, by measuring receiving terminal record storage raw measurement data and handling respectively;
The C data processing stage: measure receiving terminal raw measurement data is added up, analyzed, draw measurement result.
4, end to end network method of measurement according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described steps A was measured in the starting stage, RFC1890 has determined one group of loadtype PT value and has been used to indicate the coded system of different types of data: wherein PT value 0 is voice data, and its coded system is PCMU; PT value 31 is a video data, and its coded system is H261; The PT value of measurement data bag is to choose arbitrarily in the 96-127 scope.
5, end to end network method of measurement according to claim 4 is characterized in that: when described measurement data bag was used to measure different performance, the pairing PT value of each measurement data bag should be mutually different numerical value, to show difference.
6, according to claim 4 or 5 described end to end network method of measurement, it is characterized in that: according to measured performance difference, the coded system of described measurement data bag can define voluntarily, but must guarantee that transmitting terminal is consistent to the understanding of measurement data bag PT field with receiving terminal.
7, end to end network method of measurement according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the format and content that described step B measures measurement data bag in the transmit stage depends on selected method of measurement and measures content; This method can be used the initiatively active method of measurement of probe of any transmission, and unqualified to measuring content.
8, end to end network method of measurement according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the length of described measurement data bag is RTP heading length and measurement data field length sum, and wherein the measurement data field length depends on selected method of measurement and measures content.
9, end to end network method of measurement according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the measurement result that obtains in the described step C data processing stage can feed back to network management monitoring center by other communication protocol, by the media data transmission parameter of network management monitoring center, provide multimedia service better according to measurement result adjustment transmitting terminal.
10, end to end network method of measurement according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described communication protocol is RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol RTCP and Session initiation Protocol SIP.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB0503318D0 (en) * | 2005-02-17 | 2005-03-23 | Melexis Nv | Testing electronic systems |
| CN1838663B (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2010-06-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Realization process for detecting VoIP application in IP network |
| CN100454834C (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2009-01-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Statistical method for media flow in NGN network |
| CN100558044C (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2009-11-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | The method of monitoring network performance between net elements, equipment and system |
| CN101378352B (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2010-08-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for forwarding RTCP SR message, method, apparatus and system for measuring QoS |
| CN101369880B (en) * | 2008-09-28 | 2012-09-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Detection processing method and apparatus for time label jumping |
| CN101599870B (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-06-15 | 西北工业大学 | Network link performance measurement method |
| CN102882846A (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2013-01-16 | 广东世纪网通信设备有限公司 | IP voice restoration method and device |
| CN104079870B (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2017-07-11 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | The video frequency monitoring method and system of single channel multi-channel video audio |
| TWI559704B (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2016-11-21 | Test method of network transmission rate | |
| CN105072629B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2019-04-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, equipment and the system of the quality of the business run in measuring terminals |
| CN113992547B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2023-03-14 | 福建天泉教育科技有限公司 | Test method and system for automatically detecting packet loss rate in real-time voice |
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