CA2852705A1 - Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids for use in the oil and gas industry - Google Patents
Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids for use in the oil and gas industry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2852705A1 CA2852705A1 CA2852705A CA2852705A CA2852705A1 CA 2852705 A1 CA2852705 A1 CA 2852705A1 CA 2852705 A CA2852705 A CA 2852705A CA 2852705 A CA2852705 A CA 2852705A CA 2852705 A1 CA2852705 A1 CA 2852705A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- acid composition
- synthetic acid
- oil industry
- synthetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/52—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning
- C09K8/528—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning inorganic depositions, e.g. sulfates or carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/72—Eroding chemicals, e.g. acids
- C09K8/74—Eroding chemicals, e.g. acids combined with additives added for specific purposes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/04—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in markedly acid liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
A synthetic acid composition for use in oil industry activities, said composition comprising:
urea and hydrogen chloride in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1;
optionally, a phosphonic acid derivative; a metal iodide or iodate; and an alcohol or derivative thereof.
urea and hydrogen chloride in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1;
optionally, a phosphonic acid derivative; a metal iodide or iodate; and an alcohol or derivative thereof.
Description
SYNTHETIC ACID COMPOSITIONS ALTERNATIVES
TO CONVENTIONAL ACIDS FOR USE IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to compositions for use in performing various applications in the oil &
gas industry, more specifically to synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the oil & gas industry, stimulation with an acid is performed on a well to increase or restore production. In some instances, a well initially exhibits low permeability, and stimulation is employed to commence production from the reservoir. In other instances, stimulation is used to further encourage permeability and flow from an already existing well that has become under-productive.
Acidizing is a type of stimulation treatment which is performed above or below the reservoir fracture pressure in an effort to restore or increase the natural permeability of the reservoir rock.
Acidizing is achieved by pumping acid into the well to dissolve limestone, dolomite and calcite cement between the sediment grains of the reservoir rocks.
There are three major types of acid applications: matrix acidizing, fracture acidizing, and spearhead breakdown acidizing (pumped prior to a fracturing pad in order to assist with formation breakdown (reduce fracture pressures), or to clean up left over cement in the well bore. A matrix acid treatment is performed when acid is pumped into the well and into the pores of the reservoir rocks. In this form of acidization, the acids dissolve the sediments and mud solids that are inhibiting the permeability of the rock, enlarging the natural pores of the reservoir and stimulating flow of hydrocarbons. While matrix acidizing is done at a low enough pressure to keep from fracturing the reservoir rock, fracture acidizing involves pumping highly pressurized acid into the well, physically fracturing the reservoir rock and etching the permeability inhibitive sediments. This type of acid treatment forms channels or fractures through which the hydrocarbons can flow.
There are many different mineral and organic acids used to perform an acid treatment on wells. The most common type of acid employed on wells to stimulate production is hydrochloric acid (HCI), which is useful in stimulating carbonate reservoirs.
Some of the major challenges faced in the oil & gas industry from using hydrochloric acid include the following: extremely high levels of corrosion (which is countered by the addition of 'filming' corrosion inhibitors that are typically themselves toxic and harmful to humans, the environment and equipment) reactions between acids and various types of metals can vary greatly but softer metals, such as aluminum, are very susceptible to major effects causing immediate damage. Hydrochloric acid produces Hydrogen chloride gas which is toxic and corrosive to skin, eyes and metals. At levels above 50 PPM (parts per million) it can be Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDHL). At levels from 1300-2000 PPM death can occur in 2-3 minutes.
The inherent environmental effects (organic sterility, poisoning of wildlife etc.) of acids in the event of an unintended/accidental release on surface or downhole into water aquifers or sources of water are devastating which can cause significant pH reduction of such and can substantially increase the toxicity and could potentially cause a mass culling of aquatic species and potential poisoning of humans/livestock and wildlife exposed to/or drinking the water.
An unintended release at surface can also cause a hydrogen chloride gas cloud to be released, potentially endangering human and animal health. This is a common event at large storage sites when tanks split or leak.
Typically if near the public, large areas need to be evacuated post event.
Because of its acidic nature, hydrogen chloride gas is also corrosive, particularly in the presence of moisture.
The inability for acids and blends of such to biodegrade naturally without neutralizing the soil results in expensive cleanup-reclamation costs for the operator should an unintended release occur. Moreover, the toxic fumes produced by mineral & organic acids are harmful to humans/animals and are highly corrosive and/or explosive potentially, transportation and storage requirements for acids are restrictive and taxing in such that you must typically haul the products in acid tankers or intermediate bulk containers (IBC) that are rated to handle such corrosive-regulated products, blending exposure dangers for personnel exposed to handling.
TO CONVENTIONAL ACIDS FOR USE IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to compositions for use in performing various applications in the oil &
gas industry, more specifically to synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the oil & gas industry, stimulation with an acid is performed on a well to increase or restore production. In some instances, a well initially exhibits low permeability, and stimulation is employed to commence production from the reservoir. In other instances, stimulation is used to further encourage permeability and flow from an already existing well that has become under-productive.
Acidizing is a type of stimulation treatment which is performed above or below the reservoir fracture pressure in an effort to restore or increase the natural permeability of the reservoir rock.
Acidizing is achieved by pumping acid into the well to dissolve limestone, dolomite and calcite cement between the sediment grains of the reservoir rocks.
There are three major types of acid applications: matrix acidizing, fracture acidizing, and spearhead breakdown acidizing (pumped prior to a fracturing pad in order to assist with formation breakdown (reduce fracture pressures), or to clean up left over cement in the well bore. A matrix acid treatment is performed when acid is pumped into the well and into the pores of the reservoir rocks. In this form of acidization, the acids dissolve the sediments and mud solids that are inhibiting the permeability of the rock, enlarging the natural pores of the reservoir and stimulating flow of hydrocarbons. While matrix acidizing is done at a low enough pressure to keep from fracturing the reservoir rock, fracture acidizing involves pumping highly pressurized acid into the well, physically fracturing the reservoir rock and etching the permeability inhibitive sediments. This type of acid treatment forms channels or fractures through which the hydrocarbons can flow.
There are many different mineral and organic acids used to perform an acid treatment on wells. The most common type of acid employed on wells to stimulate production is hydrochloric acid (HCI), which is useful in stimulating carbonate reservoirs.
Some of the major challenges faced in the oil & gas industry from using hydrochloric acid include the following: extremely high levels of corrosion (which is countered by the addition of 'filming' corrosion inhibitors that are typically themselves toxic and harmful to humans, the environment and equipment) reactions between acids and various types of metals can vary greatly but softer metals, such as aluminum, are very susceptible to major effects causing immediate damage. Hydrochloric acid produces Hydrogen chloride gas which is toxic and corrosive to skin, eyes and metals. At levels above 50 PPM (parts per million) it can be Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDHL). At levels from 1300-2000 PPM death can occur in 2-3 minutes.
The inherent environmental effects (organic sterility, poisoning of wildlife etc.) of acids in the event of an unintended/accidental release on surface or downhole into water aquifers or sources of water are devastating which can cause significant pH reduction of such and can substantially increase the toxicity and could potentially cause a mass culling of aquatic species and potential poisoning of humans/livestock and wildlife exposed to/or drinking the water.
An unintended release at surface can also cause a hydrogen chloride gas cloud to be released, potentially endangering human and animal health. This is a common event at large storage sites when tanks split or leak.
Typically if near the public, large areas need to be evacuated post event.
Because of its acidic nature, hydrogen chloride gas is also corrosive, particularly in the presence of moisture.
The inability for acids and blends of such to biodegrade naturally without neutralizing the soil results in expensive cleanup-reclamation costs for the operator should an unintended release occur. Moreover, the toxic fumes produced by mineral & organic acids are harmful to humans/animals and are highly corrosive and/or explosive potentially, transportation and storage requirements for acids are restrictive and taxing in such that you must typically haul the products in acid tankers or intermediate bulk containers (IBC) that are rated to handle such corrosive-regulated products, blending exposure dangers for personnel exposed to handling.
-2-=
Another concern is the potential for spills on locations due to high corrosion levels of acids causing storage container failures and/or deployment equipment failures i.e.
coiled tubing/tubing failures caused by high corrosion rates (pitting, cracks, major failures).
Other concerns include:
downhole equipment corrosion causing the operator to execute a work-over and replace down hole pumps, tubing, cables, packers etc.; inconsistent strength or quality level of mineral & organic acids; potential supply issues based on industrial output levels; high levels of corrosion on surface pumping equipment resulting in expensive repair and maintenance levels for operators and service companies; the requirement of specialized equipment that is purpose built to pump acids greatly increasing the capital expenditures of operators and service companies; and the inability to source a finished product locally or very near its end use.
Typically, acids are produced in industrial areas of countries located far from oil & gas applications, up to= 10 additives can be required to control various aspects of the acids performance adding to complications in the handling and shipping logistics.
Large price fluctuations with typical mineral and organic acids based on industrial output causing end users an inability to establish long term costs in their respective budgets; severe reaction with dermal/eye tissue; major PPE requirements (personal protective equipment) for handling, such as on site shower units; extremely high corrosion rates and reaction rates as temperature increases causing the product to "spend/react or become neutral"
prior to achieving its desired effect such as penetrating an oil or gas fonnation to increase the wormhole "pathway"
effectively to allow the petroleum product to flow freely to the surface. As an example, hydrochloric acid or mud acid is utilized in an attempt to free stuck drill pipe in some situations.
Prior to getting to the required depth to solubilize the formation that has caused the pipe/tubing to become stuck many acids spend or neutralize due to increased bottom hole temperatures and increased reaction rate, so it is advantageous to have an alternative that spends or reacts more methodically allowing the slough to be treated with a solution that is still active, allowing the = pipe/tubing to be pulled free.
When used to treat scaling issues on surface due to water/fluid precipitation, acids are exposed to humans and mechanical devices as well as expensive pumping equipment causing
Another concern is the potential for spills on locations due to high corrosion levels of acids causing storage container failures and/or deployment equipment failures i.e.
coiled tubing/tubing failures caused by high corrosion rates (pitting, cracks, major failures).
Other concerns include:
downhole equipment corrosion causing the operator to execute a work-over and replace down hole pumps, tubing, cables, packers etc.; inconsistent strength or quality level of mineral & organic acids; potential supply issues based on industrial output levels; high levels of corrosion on surface pumping equipment resulting in expensive repair and maintenance levels for operators and service companies; the requirement of specialized equipment that is purpose built to pump acids greatly increasing the capital expenditures of operators and service companies; and the inability to source a finished product locally or very near its end use.
Typically, acids are produced in industrial areas of countries located far from oil & gas applications, up to= 10 additives can be required to control various aspects of the acids performance adding to complications in the handling and shipping logistics.
Large price fluctuations with typical mineral and organic acids based on industrial output causing end users an inability to establish long term costs in their respective budgets; severe reaction with dermal/eye tissue; major PPE requirements (personal protective equipment) for handling, such as on site shower units; extremely high corrosion rates and reaction rates as temperature increases causing the product to "spend/react or become neutral"
prior to achieving its desired effect such as penetrating an oil or gas fonnation to increase the wormhole "pathway"
effectively to allow the petroleum product to flow freely to the surface. As an example, hydrochloric acid or mud acid is utilized in an attempt to free stuck drill pipe in some situations.
Prior to getting to the required depth to solubilize the formation that has caused the pipe/tubing to become stuck many acids spend or neutralize due to increased bottom hole temperatures and increased reaction rate, so it is advantageous to have an alternative that spends or reacts more methodically allowing the slough to be treated with a solution that is still active, allowing the = pipe/tubing to be pulled free.
When used to treat scaling issues on surface due to water/fluid precipitation, acids are exposed to humans and mechanical devices as well as expensive pumping equipment causing
-3-increased risk for the operator and corrosion effects that damage equipment and create hazardous fumes. When mixed with bases or higher pH fluids, acids will create a large amount of thermal energy (exothermic reaction) causing potential safety concerns and equipment damage, acids typically need to be blended with fresh water to the desired concentration requiring companies to pre-blend off-site as opposed to blending on-site with water thereby increasing costs associated with transportation.
Typical mineral acids used in a pH control situation can cause degradation of certain polymers/additives/systems requiring further chemicals to be added to counter these potentially negative effects, many offshore areas of operations have very strict regulatory rules regarding the transportation/handling and deployment of acids causing increased liability and costs for the operator. When using an acid to pickle tubing or pipe, very careful attention must be paid to the process due to high levels of corrosion, as temperatures increase, the typical additives used to control corrosion levels in acid systems begin to degrade very quickly (due to the inhibitors "plating out" on the steel) causing the acids to become very corrosive and resulting in damage to equipment/wells. Acids are very destructive to most typical elastomers found in the oil & gas industry such as blow out preventers (BOP's) /downhole tools/packers/submersible pumps/seals etc.
Having to deal with spent acid during the back flush process is also very expensive as acids typically are still a low pH and toxic. It is advantageous to have an acid blend that can be exported to production facilities through pipelines that once spent or applied, is commonly a neutral pH
greatly reducing disposal costs/fees.
Acids perform many actions in the oil & gas industry and are considered necessary to achieve the desired production of various petroleum wells, maintain their respective systems and aid in certain functions (i.e. freeing stuck pipe). The associated dangers that come with using acids are expansive and tasking to mitigate through controls whether they are chemically or mechanically engineered.
Eliminating or even simply reducing the negative effects of acids while maintaining their usefulness is a struggle for the industry. As the public demand for the use of cleaner/safer/greener
Typical mineral acids used in a pH control situation can cause degradation of certain polymers/additives/systems requiring further chemicals to be added to counter these potentially negative effects, many offshore areas of operations have very strict regulatory rules regarding the transportation/handling and deployment of acids causing increased liability and costs for the operator. When using an acid to pickle tubing or pipe, very careful attention must be paid to the process due to high levels of corrosion, as temperatures increase, the typical additives used to control corrosion levels in acid systems begin to degrade very quickly (due to the inhibitors "plating out" on the steel) causing the acids to become very corrosive and resulting in damage to equipment/wells. Acids are very destructive to most typical elastomers found in the oil & gas industry such as blow out preventers (BOP's) /downhole tools/packers/submersible pumps/seals etc.
Having to deal with spent acid during the back flush process is also very expensive as acids typically are still a low pH and toxic. It is advantageous to have an acid blend that can be exported to production facilities through pipelines that once spent or applied, is commonly a neutral pH
greatly reducing disposal costs/fees.
Acids perform many actions in the oil & gas industry and are considered necessary to achieve the desired production of various petroleum wells, maintain their respective systems and aid in certain functions (i.e. freeing stuck pipe). The associated dangers that come with using acids are expansive and tasking to mitigate through controls whether they are chemically or mechanically engineered.
Eliminating or even simply reducing the negative effects of acids while maintaining their usefulness is a struggle for the industry. As the public demand for the use of cleaner/safer/greener
-4-products increases, companies are looking for alternatives that perform the required function without all or most of the drawbacks associated with the use of acids.
US patent no. 4,40,852 discloses compositions containing 5 to 75% of urea, 5 to 85% of sulfuric acid and from 5 to 75% of water. These compositions are said to have reduced corrosivity to carbon steels.
US patent no. 6,147,042 discloses compositions comprising a polyphosphoric acid- urea condensate or polymer which results from the reaction of orthophosphoric acid and urea used in the removal of etching residue containing organometal residues.
US patent no. 7,938,912 discloses compositions containing hydrochloric acid, urea, a complex substituted keto-amine-hydrochloride, an alcohol, an ethoxylate and a ketone for use to clean surfaces having cementitious compositions. US patent no. 8,430,971 and 8,580,047 disclose and claim compositions containing specific amounts of hydrochloric acid (55%
by wt); urea (42%
by wt), a complex substituted keto-amine-hydrochloride (0.067% by wt);
propargyl alcohol " (0.067% by wt); an ethoxylated nonylphenyl (0.022% by wt); methyl vinyl ketone (0.022% by wt);
acetone (0.0022% by wt); and acetophenone (0.0022% by wt) for use in specific oil industry applications, namely oil drilling and hydraulic fracturing.
US patent no. 5,672,279 discloses a composition containing urea hydrochloride prepared by mixing urea and hydrochloric acid. Urea hydrochloride is used to remove scale in hot water boilers and other industrial equipment such as papermaking equipment. Scale is caused by the presence of calcium carbonate which is poorly soluble in water and tends to accumulate on surfaces and affect equipment exposed to it.
Consequently, there is still a need for compositions for use in the oil industry which can be used over a range of applications which can decrease a number of the associated dangers/issues = typically associated with acid applications to the extent that these acid compositions are considered much safer for handling on worksites.
US patent no. 4,40,852 discloses compositions containing 5 to 75% of urea, 5 to 85% of sulfuric acid and from 5 to 75% of water. These compositions are said to have reduced corrosivity to carbon steels.
US patent no. 6,147,042 discloses compositions comprising a polyphosphoric acid- urea condensate or polymer which results from the reaction of orthophosphoric acid and urea used in the removal of etching residue containing organometal residues.
US patent no. 7,938,912 discloses compositions containing hydrochloric acid, urea, a complex substituted keto-amine-hydrochloride, an alcohol, an ethoxylate and a ketone for use to clean surfaces having cementitious compositions. US patent no. 8,430,971 and 8,580,047 disclose and claim compositions containing specific amounts of hydrochloric acid (55%
by wt); urea (42%
by wt), a complex substituted keto-amine-hydrochloride (0.067% by wt);
propargyl alcohol " (0.067% by wt); an ethoxylated nonylphenyl (0.022% by wt); methyl vinyl ketone (0.022% by wt);
acetone (0.0022% by wt); and acetophenone (0.0022% by wt) for use in specific oil industry applications, namely oil drilling and hydraulic fracturing.
US patent no. 5,672,279 discloses a composition containing urea hydrochloride prepared by mixing urea and hydrochloric acid. Urea hydrochloride is used to remove scale in hot water boilers and other industrial equipment such as papermaking equipment. Scale is caused by the presence of calcium carbonate which is poorly soluble in water and tends to accumulate on surfaces and affect equipment exposed to it.
Consequently, there is still a need for compositions for use in the oil industry which can be used over a range of applications which can decrease a number of the associated dangers/issues = typically associated with acid applications to the extent that these acid compositions are considered much safer for handling on worksites.
-5-SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Compositions according to the present invention have been developed for the oil & gas industry and its associated applications, by specifically targeting the problems of corrosion, logistics/handling, human/environmental exposure and formation/fluid compatibilities.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a synthetic acid composition which can be used over a broad range of applications in the oil and gas industry and which exhibit advantageous properties over known compositions.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition which, upon proper use, results in a very low corrosion rate of oil and gas industry activities equipment.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which is biodegradable.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which has a methodically spending (reacting) nature that is linear as temperature increases, non-fuming, non-toxic, and highly controlled manufacturing process.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which has a pH below 1.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which has minimal exothermic reactivity.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which is compatible with most existing industry additives.
Compositions according to the present invention have been developed for the oil & gas industry and its associated applications, by specifically targeting the problems of corrosion, logistics/handling, human/environmental exposure and formation/fluid compatibilities.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a synthetic acid composition which can be used over a broad range of applications in the oil and gas industry and which exhibit advantageous properties over known compositions.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition which, upon proper use, results in a very low corrosion rate of oil and gas industry activities equipment.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which is biodegradable.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which has a methodically spending (reacting) nature that is linear as temperature increases, non-fuming, non-toxic, and highly controlled manufacturing process.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which has a pH below 1.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which has minimal exothermic reactivity.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which is compatible with most existing industry additives.
-6-According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which has high salinity tolerance. A
tolerance for high salinity fluids, or brines, is desirable for onshore and offshore acid applications. Typical acids are blended with fresh water and additives, typically far offsite, and then transported to the area of treatment as a finished blend. It is advantageous to have an alternative that can be transported as a concentrate safely to the treatment area, then blended with a high salinity produced water or sea water greatly reducing the logistics requirement typical with conventional acid systems. A typical acid system could precipitate salts heavily if blended with fluids of an excessive salinity level.
Brines are also typically present in formations thus having an acid system that has a high tolerance for brines greatly reduces the potential for formation damage or emulsions.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which is immediately reactive upon contact/application.
1 5 According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which results in less unintended near wellbore erosion due to the slower reaction rate. This, in turn, results in deeper formation penetration and reduces the potential for zonal communication during a typical 'open hole' isolation application treatment. As a highly reactive acid, such as hydrochloric acid, is deployed into a well that has open hole packers or isolation (without casing) there is a potential to cause a loss of near-wellbore compressive strength resulting in a potential for communication between zones or formations sections of interest as well as potential sand production, fines migration. Excessive reaction may also remove the natural cementation holding quartz grains together. It is advantageous to have an alternative that will react with a much more methodical rate or speed, thus greatly reducing the potential for zonal communication and the above potential negative side effects of traditional acid systems.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which provides a methodical and comprehensive reaction rate.
tolerance for high salinity fluids, or brines, is desirable for onshore and offshore acid applications. Typical acids are blended with fresh water and additives, typically far offsite, and then transported to the area of treatment as a finished blend. It is advantageous to have an alternative that can be transported as a concentrate safely to the treatment area, then blended with a high salinity produced water or sea water greatly reducing the logistics requirement typical with conventional acid systems. A typical acid system could precipitate salts heavily if blended with fluids of an excessive salinity level.
Brines are also typically present in formations thus having an acid system that has a high tolerance for brines greatly reduces the potential for formation damage or emulsions.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which is immediately reactive upon contact/application.
1 5 According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which results in less unintended near wellbore erosion due to the slower reaction rate. This, in turn, results in deeper formation penetration and reduces the potential for zonal communication during a typical 'open hole' isolation application treatment. As a highly reactive acid, such as hydrochloric acid, is deployed into a well that has open hole packers or isolation (without casing) there is a potential to cause a loss of near-wellbore compressive strength resulting in a potential for communication between zones or formations sections of interest as well as potential sand production, fines migration. Excessive reaction may also remove the natural cementation holding quartz grains together. It is advantageous to have an alternative that will react with a much more methodical rate or speed, thus greatly reducing the potential for zonal communication and the above potential negative side effects of traditional acid systems.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the oil industry which provides a methodical and comprehensive reaction rate.
-7-Accordingly, the product would overcome many of the drawbacks found in the use of compositions of the prior art related to the oil & gas industry.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
It will be appreciated that, numerous specific details have provided for a thorough understanding of the exemplary embodiments described herein. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the embodiments described herein. Furthermore, this description is not to be considered so that it may limit the scope of the embodiments described herein in any way, but rather as merely describing the implementation of the various embodiments described herein.
The description that follows, and the embodiments described therein, are provided by way of illustration of an example, or examples, of particular embodiments of the principles of the present invention. These examples are provided for the purposes of explanation, and not limitation, of those principles and of the invention.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition comprising:
-Urea & Hydrogen Chloride in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5:1, more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.8:1;
- optionally, a phosphonic acid or derivatives, preferably alkylphosphonic acid or derivatives thereof and more preferably amino tris methylene phosphonic acid and derivatives thereof - Metal iodide or iodates, preferably cupric iodide, potassium iodide, or sodium iodide;
and - an alcohol or derivatives thereof preferably alkynyl alcohol or derivatives thereof, more preferably propargyl alcohol (or a derivative of).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
It will be appreciated that, numerous specific details have provided for a thorough understanding of the exemplary embodiments described herein. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the embodiments described herein. Furthermore, this description is not to be considered so that it may limit the scope of the embodiments described herein in any way, but rather as merely describing the implementation of the various embodiments described herein.
The description that follows, and the embodiments described therein, are provided by way of illustration of an example, or examples, of particular embodiments of the principles of the present invention. These examples are provided for the purposes of explanation, and not limitation, of those principles and of the invention.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition comprising:
-Urea & Hydrogen Chloride in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5:1, more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.8:1;
- optionally, a phosphonic acid or derivatives, preferably alkylphosphonic acid or derivatives thereof and more preferably amino tris methylene phosphonic acid and derivatives thereof - Metal iodide or iodates, preferably cupric iodide, potassium iodide, or sodium iodide;
and - an alcohol or derivatives thereof preferably alkynyl alcohol or derivatives thereof, more preferably propargyl alcohol (or a derivative of).
-8-Urea-HC1 Acid Urea is the main component in terms of volume and weight percent of the composition of = the present invention, and consists basically of a carbonyl group connecting with nitrogen and hydrogen. When added to hydrochloric acid, there is a reaction that results in urea hydrochloride, which basically traps the chloride ion within the molecular structure. This reaction greatly reduces the hazardous effects of the hydrochloric acid on its own, such as the fuming effects, the hygroscopic effects, and the highly corrosive nature (the CF ion will not readily bond with the Fe ion). The excess nitrogen can also act as a corrosion inhibitor at higher temperatures. Urea &
Hydrogen Chloride in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5:1, and more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.8:1. However, this ratio can be increased depending on the application.
The urea (hydrochloride) also allows for a reduced rate of reaction when in the presence of carbonate-based materials. This again due to the stronger molecular bonds associated over what hydrochloric acid traditionally displays. Further, since the composition according to the present invention is mainly comprised of urea (which is naturally biodegradable), the product testing has shown that the urea hydrochloride will maintain the same biodegradability function, something that hydrochloric acid will not.
Phosphonic acids and derivatives such as amino tris methylene phosphonic acid (ATMP) have some value as scale inhibitors. In fact, ATMP is a chemical traditionally used as an oilfield scale inhibitor, it has been found, when used in combination with urea/HC1, to increase the corrosion inhibition. It has a good environmental profile, is readily available and reasonably priced.
Amino tris (methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP) and its sodium salts are typically used in water treatment operations as scale inhibitors. They also find use as detergents and in cleaning applications, in paper, textile and photographic industries and in off-shore oil applications. Pure ATMP presents itself as a solid but it is generally obtained through process steps leading to a solution ranging from being colourless to having a pale yellow colour. ATMP
acid and some of its sodium salts may cause corrosion to metals and may cause serious eye irritation to a varying degree dependent upon the pH/degree of neutralization.
Hydrogen Chloride in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5:1, and more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.8:1. However, this ratio can be increased depending on the application.
The urea (hydrochloride) also allows for a reduced rate of reaction when in the presence of carbonate-based materials. This again due to the stronger molecular bonds associated over what hydrochloric acid traditionally displays. Further, since the composition according to the present invention is mainly comprised of urea (which is naturally biodegradable), the product testing has shown that the urea hydrochloride will maintain the same biodegradability function, something that hydrochloric acid will not.
Phosphonic acids and derivatives such as amino tris methylene phosphonic acid (ATMP) have some value as scale inhibitors. In fact, ATMP is a chemical traditionally used as an oilfield scale inhibitor, it has been found, when used in combination with urea/HC1, to increase the corrosion inhibition. It has a good environmental profile, is readily available and reasonably priced.
Amino tris (methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP) and its sodium salts are typically used in water treatment operations as scale inhibitors. They also find use as detergents and in cleaning applications, in paper, textile and photographic industries and in off-shore oil applications. Pure ATMP presents itself as a solid but it is generally obtained through process steps leading to a solution ranging from being colourless to having a pale yellow colour. ATMP
acid and some of its sodium salts may cause corrosion to metals and may cause serious eye irritation to a varying degree dependent upon the pH/degree of neutralization.
-9-ATMP must be handled with care when in its pure form or not in combination with certain other products. Typically, ATMP present in products intended for industrial use must be maintained in appropriate conditions in order to limit the exposure at a safe level to ensure human health and environment.
Amino tris (methylenephosphonic acid) and its sodium salts belong to the ATMP
category in that all category members are various ionized forms of the acid. This category includes potassium and ammonium salts of that acid. The properties of the members of a category are usually consistent. Moreover, certain properties for a salt, in ecotoxicity studies, for example, can be directly appreciated by analogy to the properties of the parent acid. Amino tris (methylenephosphonic acid) may specifically be used as an intermediate for producing the phosphonates salts. The salt is used in situ (usually the case) or stored separately for further neutralization. One of the common uses of phosphonates is as scale inhibitors in the treatment of cooling and boiler water systems. In particular, for ATMP and its sodium salts are used in to prevent the formation of calcium carbonate scale.
Alcohols and derivatives thereof, such as alkyne alcohols and derivatives and preferably propargyl alcohol and derivatives thereof can be used as corrosion inhibitors.
Propargyl alcohol itself is traditionally used as a corrosion inhibitor which works extremely well at low concentrations. It is a toxic/flammable chemical to handle as a concentrate, so care must be taken during handling the concentrate. In the composition according to the present invention, the toxic effect does not negatively impact the safety of the composition.
Metal iodides or iodates such= as potassium iodide, sodium iodide and cuprous iodide can potentially be used as corrosion inhibitor intensifier. In fact, potassium iodide is a metal iodide traditionally used as corrosion inhibitor intensifier, however it is expensive, but works extremely well. It is non-regulated and friendly to handle.
Process to prepare a composition according to a preferred embodiment of the invention Start with a 50% by weight solution of pure urea liquor. Add a 36% by weight solution of hydrogen chloride while circulating until all reactions have completely ceased. The ATMP is then added followed by propargyl alcohol, and potassium iodide. Circulation is maintained until all products have been solubilized. Additional products can then be added as required.
Amino tris (methylenephosphonic acid) and its sodium salts belong to the ATMP
category in that all category members are various ionized forms of the acid. This category includes potassium and ammonium salts of that acid. The properties of the members of a category are usually consistent. Moreover, certain properties for a salt, in ecotoxicity studies, for example, can be directly appreciated by analogy to the properties of the parent acid. Amino tris (methylenephosphonic acid) may specifically be used as an intermediate for producing the phosphonates salts. The salt is used in situ (usually the case) or stored separately for further neutralization. One of the common uses of phosphonates is as scale inhibitors in the treatment of cooling and boiler water systems. In particular, for ATMP and its sodium salts are used in to prevent the formation of calcium carbonate scale.
Alcohols and derivatives thereof, such as alkyne alcohols and derivatives and preferably propargyl alcohol and derivatives thereof can be used as corrosion inhibitors.
Propargyl alcohol itself is traditionally used as a corrosion inhibitor which works extremely well at low concentrations. It is a toxic/flammable chemical to handle as a concentrate, so care must be taken during handling the concentrate. In the composition according to the present invention, the toxic effect does not negatively impact the safety of the composition.
Metal iodides or iodates such= as potassium iodide, sodium iodide and cuprous iodide can potentially be used as corrosion inhibitor intensifier. In fact, potassium iodide is a metal iodide traditionally used as corrosion inhibitor intensifier, however it is expensive, but works extremely well. It is non-regulated and friendly to handle.
Process to prepare a composition according to a preferred embodiment of the invention Start with a 50% by weight solution of pure urea liquor. Add a 36% by weight solution of hydrogen chloride while circulating until all reactions have completely ceased. The ATMP is then added followed by propargyl alcohol, and potassium iodide. Circulation is maintained until all products have been solubilized. Additional products can then be added as required.
-10-Example 1: Composition of a preferred embodiment of the present invention Chemical % Wt Composition CAS#
Water 60.315% 7732-18-5 Urea Hydrochloride 39.0% 506-89-8 Amino tris methylene phosphonic acid 0.576% 6419-19-8 Propargyl Alcohol 0.087% 107-19-7 Potassium Iodide 0.022% 7681-11-0 The resulting composition of Example 1 is a clear, odourless liquid having shelf-life of greater than 1 year. It has a freezing point temperature of approximately minus 30 C and a boiling point temperature of approximately 100 C. It has a specific gravity of 1.15 0.02. It is completely soluble in water and its pH is less than 1.
The composition is biodegradable and is classified as a mild irritant according to the classifications for skin and eye tests. The composition is non-fuming and has no volatile organic compounds nor does it have any BTEX levels above the drinking water quality levels. BTEX refers to the chemicals benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene. Toxicity testing was carried out on rats and the LD50 was determined to be not greater than 2000mg/kg.
With iespect to the corrosion impact of the composition on typical oilfield grade steel, it was established that it was clearly well below the acceptable corrosion limits set by industry.
The compositions according to the present invention can be used directly (ready-to-use) or be diluted with water depending on their use.
The uses (or applications) of the compositions according to the present invention upon dilution thereof ranging from approximately 1 to 75% dilution, include, but are not limited to:
injection/disposal in wells; squeezes and soaks or bullheads; acid fracturing, acid washes or matrix stimulations; fracturing spearheads (breakdowns); pipeline scale treatments, cement breakdowns or perforation cleaning; pH control; and de-scaling applications.
Water 60.315% 7732-18-5 Urea Hydrochloride 39.0% 506-89-8 Amino tris methylene phosphonic acid 0.576% 6419-19-8 Propargyl Alcohol 0.087% 107-19-7 Potassium Iodide 0.022% 7681-11-0 The resulting composition of Example 1 is a clear, odourless liquid having shelf-life of greater than 1 year. It has a freezing point temperature of approximately minus 30 C and a boiling point temperature of approximately 100 C. It has a specific gravity of 1.15 0.02. It is completely soluble in water and its pH is less than 1.
The composition is biodegradable and is classified as a mild irritant according to the classifications for skin and eye tests. The composition is non-fuming and has no volatile organic compounds nor does it have any BTEX levels above the drinking water quality levels. BTEX refers to the chemicals benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene. Toxicity testing was carried out on rats and the LD50 was determined to be not greater than 2000mg/kg.
With iespect to the corrosion impact of the composition on typical oilfield grade steel, it was established that it was clearly well below the acceptable corrosion limits set by industry.
The compositions according to the present invention can be used directly (ready-to-use) or be diluted with water depending on their use.
The uses (or applications) of the compositions according to the present invention upon dilution thereof ranging from approximately 1 to 75% dilution, include, but are not limited to:
injection/disposal in wells; squeezes and soaks or bullheads; acid fracturing, acid washes or matrix stimulations; fracturing spearheads (breakdowns); pipeline scale treatments, cement breakdowns or perforation cleaning; pH control; and de-scaling applications.
-11-Use of a composition according to the present invention in spearhead on multi-well pad An operator in Western Canada was performing horizontal multi-stage fracturing completions on a multiple well pad, using plug and perforate technology.
Traditional methods of formation breakdown required the use of 6-10 ni.3 of 15% HC1 acid to be pumped down the casing prior to each fracturing stage.
Prior to testing, multiple samples of the high salinity fracturing water (recycled fracturing fluid) were tested for compatibility, as this was proposed to be used as the diluents for the concentrated synthetic acid. By storing the concentrated synthetic acid composition in a tank and diluting it with the fracturing water on site, only a few storage tanks were required for the treatments ( 500 in3 of spearhead acid). These are intended on being refilled periodically.
For each treatment, the tank of concentrated synthetic acid composition was blended on site through the fracturing blender with the fracturing water down to reach a concentration of 33% of the initial composition. 6-10 m3 of the synthetic acid composition was pumped for each spearhead stage, all other operational components and procedures remained the same as traditional methods using HC1 acid (15% HC1 acid was on location for a comparison well).
A total of 18 stages were treated on more than 8 wells, with 100% breakdown success on every stage. Breakdown pressure differentials in the range of 10-15 MPa were observed, and were found to be very comparable to HC1 acid.
The main advantages of the use of the synthetic acid composition included: the reduction of the total loads of acid, and the required number of tanks by delivering concentrated product to location and diluting with fluids available on location (high salinity production water). Other advantages of the composition according to the present invention include:
operational efficiencies which led to the elimination of having to circulate tanks of HC1 acid; reduced potential corrosion to downhole tubular; and reduced HC1 acid exposure to personnel by having a non-hazardous, non-fuming acid on location.
=
Traditional methods of formation breakdown required the use of 6-10 ni.3 of 15% HC1 acid to be pumped down the casing prior to each fracturing stage.
Prior to testing, multiple samples of the high salinity fracturing water (recycled fracturing fluid) were tested for compatibility, as this was proposed to be used as the diluents for the concentrated synthetic acid. By storing the concentrated synthetic acid composition in a tank and diluting it with the fracturing water on site, only a few storage tanks were required for the treatments ( 500 in3 of spearhead acid). These are intended on being refilled periodically.
For each treatment, the tank of concentrated synthetic acid composition was blended on site through the fracturing blender with the fracturing water down to reach a concentration of 33% of the initial composition. 6-10 m3 of the synthetic acid composition was pumped for each spearhead stage, all other operational components and procedures remained the same as traditional methods using HC1 acid (15% HC1 acid was on location for a comparison well).
A total of 18 stages were treated on more than 8 wells, with 100% breakdown success on every stage. Breakdown pressure differentials in the range of 10-15 MPa were observed, and were found to be very comparable to HC1 acid.
The main advantages of the use of the synthetic acid composition included: the reduction of the total loads of acid, and the required number of tanks by delivering concentrated product to location and diluting with fluids available on location (high salinity production water). Other advantages of the composition according to the present invention include:
operational efficiencies which led to the elimination of having to circulate tanks of HC1 acid; reduced potential corrosion to downhole tubular; and reduced HC1 acid exposure to personnel by having a non-hazardous, non-fuming acid on location.
=
-12-While the foregoing invention has been described in some detail for purposes of clarity and understanding, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the relevant arts, once they have been made familiar with this disclosure, that various changes in form and detail can be made without departing from the true scope of the invention in the appended claims.
=
=
=
=
Claims (31)
1. A synthetic acid composition for use in oil industry activities, said composition comprising:
- urea and hydrogen chloride in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1;
- optionally, a phosphonic acid derivative;
- a metal iodide or iodate; and - an alcohol or derivative thereof.
- urea and hydrogen chloride in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1;
- optionally, a phosphonic acid derivative;
- a metal iodide or iodate; and - an alcohol or derivative thereof.
2. The synthetic acid composition according to claim, wherein the urea and hydrogen chloride are in a molar ratio of not less than 0.5:1.
3. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 2, wherein the urea and hydrogen chloride are in a molar ratio of not less than 0.8:1.
4. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the phosphonic acid derivative is aminoalkylphosphonic salt.
5. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 4, wherein the aminoalkylphosphonic salt is amino tris methylene phosphonic acid.
6. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metal iodide or iodate is cuprous iodide.
7. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metal iodide or iodate is potassium iodide.
8. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metal iodide or iodate is sodium iodide.
9. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the alcohol or derivative thereof is an alkynyl alcohol or derivative thereof.
10. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 9, wherein the alkynyl alcohol or derivative thereof is propargyl alcohol or a derivative thereof.
11. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 4, wherein the aminoalkylphosphonic salt is present in a concentration ranging from 0.25 to 1.0% w/w.
12. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 11, wherein the aminoalkylphosphonic salt is present in a concentration of 0.5% w/w.
13. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 9, wherein the alkynyl alcohol or derivative thereof is present in a concentration ranging from 0.01 to 0.25%
w/w.
w/w.
14. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 13, wherein the alkynyl alcohol or derivative thereof is present in a concentration of 0.1% w/w.
15. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the metal iodide is present in a concentration ranging from 100 to 1000 ppm.
16. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to stimulate formations.
17. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to assist in reducing breakdown pressures during downhole pumping operations.
18. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to treat wellbore filter cake post drilling operations.
19. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to assist in freeing stuck pipe.
20. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to descale pipelines and/or production wells.
21. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to increase injectivity of injection wells.
22. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to lower the pH of fluids.
23. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to remove undesirable scale in surface equipment, wells and related equipment and/or facilities.
24. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to fracture wells.
25. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to complete matrix stimulations.
26. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to conduct annular and bullhead squeezes & soaks.
27. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to pickle tubing, pipe and/or coiled tubing.
28. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to increase effective permeability of formations.
29. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to reduce or remove wellbore damage.
30. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to clean perforations.
31. The use of a synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in the oil industry to solubilize limestone, dolomite, calcite and combinations thereof.
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2852705A CA2852705A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids for use in the oil and gas industry |
| PCT/CA2015/000346 WO2015179954A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-05-28 | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids tn the oil and gas industry |
| AU2015268045A AU2015268045B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-05-28 | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids tn the oil and gas industry |
| US15/314,284 US10035944B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-05-28 | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
| DK15799578.8T DK3149105T3 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-05-28 | USE OF SYNTHETIC ACID COMPOSITIONS AS ALTERNATIVES TO CONVENTIONAL ACIDS IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY |
| EP15799578.8A EP3149105B9 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-05-28 | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids tn the oil and gas industry |
| GB1619961.4A GB2540709A (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-05-28 | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
| CA2920857A CA2920857C (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-05-28 | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
| CA2892876A CA2892876C (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-05-28 | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2852705A CA2852705A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids for use in the oil and gas industry |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2852705A1 true CA2852705A1 (en) | 2015-11-30 |
Family
ID=54784072
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2852705A Abandoned CA2852705A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids for use in the oil and gas industry |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2852705A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016049739A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids for use in the oil and gas industry |
| WO2016049740A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
| WO2016049744A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
| WO2016049736A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
| WO2017165954A1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
-
2014
- 2014-05-30 CA CA2852705A patent/CA2852705A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016049739A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids for use in the oil and gas industry |
| WO2016049740A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
| WO2016049744A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
| WO2016049736A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
| US10190039B2 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2019-01-29 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
| WO2017165954A1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2892876C (en) | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry | |
| US10329476B2 (en) | Non-regulated synthetic acid compositions for use as alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry | |
| CA2852705A1 (en) | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids for use in the oil and gas industry | |
| CA2961792C (en) | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry | |
| CA2961777C (en) | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry | |
| CA2961783C (en) | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids for use in the oil and gas industry | |
| CA2961794C (en) | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry | |
| CA2961787C (en) | Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry | |
| CA2866688A1 (en) | Using synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20170530 |
|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20170530 |