CA2317528A1 - Solid bowl centrifuge for mixtures, especially for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry - Google Patents
Solid bowl centrifuge for mixtures, especially for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry Download PDFInfo
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- CA2317528A1 CA2317528A1 CA002317528A CA2317528A CA2317528A1 CA 2317528 A1 CA2317528 A1 CA 2317528A1 CA 002317528 A CA002317528 A CA 002317528A CA 2317528 A CA2317528 A CA 2317528A CA 2317528 A1 CA2317528 A1 CA 2317528A1
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- Prior art keywords
- solid bowl
- bowl centrifuge
- rotor
- separation chamber
- centrifuge according
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
- D21D5/18—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor with the aid of centrifugal force
- D21D5/22—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor with the aid of centrifugal force in apparatus with a vertical axis
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a solid bowl centrifuge (1) for multiphase mixtures, preferably three-phase mixtures, which is especially meant for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry. The solid bowl centrifuge (1) has a housing (2) and a rotor (7) which is provided for separating the multiphase mixture into a light, middle and heavy fraction. At least one orifice (41) situated in the bowl of the rotor (7) is provided for conveying the heavy fraction out. A conveying device (51) is arranged in a chamber (43) between the outer wall (24) of the rotor (7) and the housing (2). Said conveying device conveys a blocking medium into the chamber (43) with at least the pressure prevailing there and in a direction of at least one orifice (41) provided for the heavy fraction.
Description
SOLiD BOWL CENTRIFUGE FOR-MIXTURES, ESPECIALLY FOR -FIBROUS _.MATERIAL SUSPENSIONS USED IN THE PAPER INDUSTRY
The invention relates to a solid bowl centrifuge for multi-phase mixtures, in particular three-phase mixtures, as well as to a solid bowl centrifuge for multi-phase mixtures in general, intended for use in particular for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry.
A solid bowl centrifuge provided, for example, for three-phase mixtures, in particular for fibrous material suspensions and the paper industry may include a housing, a rotor for separating the three-phase mixture into a light, medium and a heavy fraction, and at least one opening in the rotor jacket for the heavy fraction.
More particularly, a solid bowl centrifuge for mixtures, in particular for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry, has a housing and a rotor, wherein the outer body, such as a housing, in most cases performs a rotary motion.
For example, EP-A- 501 134 discloses a solid bowl centrifuge of this type for cleaning suspensions of various materials. This device can separate a light fraction as well as a heavy fraction. An pump-like input blade conveyor is provided, followed by a multi-stage diffuser. Recesses terminating in the inner cylinder for discharging the light fraction are located on the outlet end of the inner cylinder. A collection groove for the heavy fraction is provided at least before the .
outlet blades, with openings extending from the groove to the outside. The flow of the cleaned suspensions forming the middle fraction is discharged through the turbine-like discharge blades. This type of cleaning device for suspensions of materials is complex and susceptible to malfunction, since inlet and outlet blades aiding the transport have to be provided, and corresponding discharge openings have to be briefly opened and closed during operation. The conventional cleaning device for material suspensions is therefore complex and can easily malfunction.
W092/008.10 describes a rotating separator and a method for a rotational separation of a mixture. Specially formed guide elements provide circular pathways for the flow to separate a mixture into its fractions. This device includes an axially mounted pipe and a container which surrounds the axial pipe and forms a separation chamber, with the pipe and the container both rotating.
The guide elements for the flow direct the mixture to be separated over the circumference of the separation chamber. In this way, the denser components remain on the circumference, whereas the less dense components migrate towards a plane near the center axis. The less dense components are discharged via one or several openings located in the pipe. A stopper disposed in the pipe prevents the inlet and the outlet from being mixed. The denser components are discharged through a circumferential channel. , This design of a centrifuge requires careful matching between the conical flow guide elements and the mixture to be separated, which causes problems, in particular with fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry.
EP-A-0 037 347 and EP A-0 359 682 disclose other types of centrifuges for separating light and heavy and, if required, medium fractions from multi-phase mixtures by employing centrifugal forces. The heavy fraction is collected along the circumference of the centrifuge, whereas the light fraction is collected towards the rotation axis. However, such centrifuges make it difficult to specify exactly the regions where the respective separated fractions collect.
Moreover, complex devices and/or centrifuges with additional delivery means, for example, in the form of blades, are required for supplying and discharging the mixtures and fractions.
In contrast, the invention is intended to provide a simple and reliable solid bowl centrifuge.
The invention relates to a solid bowl centrifuge for multi-phase mixtures, in particular three-phase mixtures, as well as to a solid bowl centrifuge for multi-phase mixtures in general, intended for use in particular for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry.
A solid bowl centrifuge provided, for example, for three-phase mixtures, in particular for fibrous material suspensions and the paper industry may include a housing, a rotor for separating the three-phase mixture into a light, medium and a heavy fraction, and at least one opening in the rotor jacket for the heavy fraction.
More particularly, a solid bowl centrifuge for mixtures, in particular for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry, has a housing and a rotor, wherein the outer body, such as a housing, in most cases performs a rotary motion.
For example, EP-A- 501 134 discloses a solid bowl centrifuge of this type for cleaning suspensions of various materials. This device can separate a light fraction as well as a heavy fraction. An pump-like input blade conveyor is provided, followed by a multi-stage diffuser. Recesses terminating in the inner cylinder for discharging the light fraction are located on the outlet end of the inner cylinder. A collection groove for the heavy fraction is provided at least before the .
outlet blades, with openings extending from the groove to the outside. The flow of the cleaned suspensions forming the middle fraction is discharged through the turbine-like discharge blades. This type of cleaning device for suspensions of materials is complex and susceptible to malfunction, since inlet and outlet blades aiding the transport have to be provided, and corresponding discharge openings have to be briefly opened and closed during operation. The conventional cleaning device for material suspensions is therefore complex and can easily malfunction.
W092/008.10 describes a rotating separator and a method for a rotational separation of a mixture. Specially formed guide elements provide circular pathways for the flow to separate a mixture into its fractions. This device includes an axially mounted pipe and a container which surrounds the axial pipe and forms a separation chamber, with the pipe and the container both rotating.
The guide elements for the flow direct the mixture to be separated over the circumference of the separation chamber. In this way, the denser components remain on the circumference, whereas the less dense components migrate towards a plane near the center axis. The less dense components are discharged via one or several openings located in the pipe. A stopper disposed in the pipe prevents the inlet and the outlet from being mixed. The denser components are discharged through a circumferential channel. , This design of a centrifuge requires careful matching between the conical flow guide elements and the mixture to be separated, which causes problems, in particular with fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry.
EP-A-0 037 347 and EP A-0 359 682 disclose other types of centrifuges for separating light and heavy and, if required, medium fractions from multi-phase mixtures by employing centrifugal forces. The heavy fraction is collected along the circumference of the centrifuge, whereas the light fraction is collected towards the rotation axis. However, such centrifuges make it difficult to specify exactly the regions where the respective separated fractions collect.
Moreover, complex devices and/or centrifuges with additional delivery means, for example, in the form of blades, are required for supplying and discharging the mixtures and fractions.
In contrast, the invention is intended to provide a simple and reliable solid bowl centrifuge.
CA 02317528 2000-07-07.
According to the invention, there is provided a solid bowl centrifuge for multi-phase mixtures, for example three-phase mixtures, in particular for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry, wherein the centrifuge includes a housing, a rotor for separating the three-phase mixture into a light, medium and a heavy fraction, and at least one opening in the rotor jacket for the heavy fraction. The centrifuge has the characterizing feature that a conveying device is arranged in the space between the outer wall of the rotor and the housing, with the conveying device supplying a blocking medium disposed in the space towards at least one opening for the heavy fraction with at least the pressure prevailing in the space.
With a solid bowl centrifuge of this type, the heavy fraction is separated proximate to the outer wall of the rotor due to the centrifugal force and discharged via the outer wall of the rotor. By using a blocking medium and a dynamic sealing system, the heavy fraction is reliably discharged from the centrifuge. The medium and heavy fraction is thereby kept out of the gap-like space. The medium fraction is retained in the separation chamber and prevented from being discharged to the outside by a slight counter flow into the separation chamber. This arrangement provides a simpler solid bowl centrifuge which also operates more reliably.
According to an alternative embodiment, a solid bowl centrifuge for multi-phase mixtures, in particular for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry, with a housing and a rotor according to the invention is characterized in that a gas or a liquid saturated with a gas is introduced into the mixture to be separated for flotation to facilitate separation of the light fraction. The gas or the liquid saturated with a gas can be introduced via the inlet, or via the housing andlor corresponding openings located in the rotor andlor in the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber.
According to the invention, there is provided a solid bowl centrifuge for multi-phase mixtures, for example three-phase mixtures, in particular for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry, wherein the centrifuge includes a housing, a rotor for separating the three-phase mixture into a light, medium and a heavy fraction, and at least one opening in the rotor jacket for the heavy fraction. The centrifuge has the characterizing feature that a conveying device is arranged in the space between the outer wall of the rotor and the housing, with the conveying device supplying a blocking medium disposed in the space towards at least one opening for the heavy fraction with at least the pressure prevailing in the space.
With a solid bowl centrifuge of this type, the heavy fraction is separated proximate to the outer wall of the rotor due to the centrifugal force and discharged via the outer wall of the rotor. By using a blocking medium and a dynamic sealing system, the heavy fraction is reliably discharged from the centrifuge. The medium and heavy fraction is thereby kept out of the gap-like space. The medium fraction is retained in the separation chamber and prevented from being discharged to the outside by a slight counter flow into the separation chamber. This arrangement provides a simpler solid bowl centrifuge which also operates more reliably.
According to an alternative embodiment, a solid bowl centrifuge for multi-phase mixtures, in particular for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry, with a housing and a rotor according to the invention is characterized in that a gas or a liquid saturated with a gas is introduced into the mixture to be separated for flotation to facilitate separation of the light fraction. The gas or the liquid saturated with a gas can be introduced via the inlet, or via the housing andlor corresponding openings located in the rotor andlor in the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber.
A solid bowl centrifuge of this type in general also includes a flotation using a gas or a liquid saturated with a gas, wherein the flotation can effect a transport of contaminants, such as pigment particles and the like, from the region proximate to the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber towards the region of the separation chamber proximate to the axis. Flotation can therefore be employed in a specified manner to transport contaminants to the respective region for separating the light fraction, thereby effectively improving the separation efficiency of such centrifuge.
In particular, a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention is designed so as to form an essentially rotationally symmetric separation chamber between an outer boundary wall proximate to the housing and the boundary wall proximate to the axis, with the mixture to be separated being introduced proximate to an end of the axis. A light fraction separation elements extends approximately radially from the inlet end of the mixture into the separation chamber, forming an axial gap. Certain zones associated with the fractions to be separated can be pre-defined in the separation chamber of the solid bowl centrifuge. The zones may be operatively connected with a backuploverflow element which is placed subsequent to the separation element for the light fraction and at least partially overlaps the free edge of the separation element for the light fraction in the radial direction, as viewed in the flow direction.
In a solid bowl centrifuge constructed according to the invention, a first zone with a higher pressure is formed in the separation chamber for promoting the separation of the light fraction, with the zone extending from the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber in the radial direction. A second specified zone with a lower pressure, preferably atmospheric pressure, follows the first zone in the region of the separation chamber proximate to the axis. The light fraction is , reliably separated in the second zone in the region proximate to the axis with the help of the light fraction separation element. The light fraction is then discharged therefrom in a suitable manner.
In particular, the essentially radial overlap region between the light fraction separation element and the backuploverflow element produces a delivery pressure for their respective fraction to be separated. Accordingly, in the solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, a sufficiently high delivery pressure is provided in the region of the separation chamber over the entire operating range of the solid bowl centrifuge, without requiring additional measures and independent of the number of the phases of the mixture to be separated. (n this way, the solid bowl centrifuge can operate continuously due to the sufficiently high delivery pressures, which aids in the discharge of the phases to be separated.
To increase the efficiency of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention even further, the rotor has at least one delivery channel, which confers a rotary motion on the mixture to be separated during its transport to the separation chamber, so that the mixture already rotates when entering the separation chamber, thereby aiding in the separation of the fractions. For this purpose, a delivery channel or the delivery channels can be formed in the rotor or on the rotor by providing an additional part which surrounds the rotor of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention. This part, which may form the inner boundary wall of the separation chamber, can preferably be fixedly connected with the housing.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the space between the outer wall of the rotor and the housing is sealed using hydrodynamic seals. The middle and heavy fraction can thereby be prevented from entering the gap-like space. By providing a slight counter flow in the separation chamber, the middle fraction is retained in the separation chamber and is prevented from exiting to the outside.
In particular, a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention is designed so as to form an essentially rotationally symmetric separation chamber between an outer boundary wall proximate to the housing and the boundary wall proximate to the axis, with the mixture to be separated being introduced proximate to an end of the axis. A light fraction separation elements extends approximately radially from the inlet end of the mixture into the separation chamber, forming an axial gap. Certain zones associated with the fractions to be separated can be pre-defined in the separation chamber of the solid bowl centrifuge. The zones may be operatively connected with a backuploverflow element which is placed subsequent to the separation element for the light fraction and at least partially overlaps the free edge of the separation element for the light fraction in the radial direction, as viewed in the flow direction.
In a solid bowl centrifuge constructed according to the invention, a first zone with a higher pressure is formed in the separation chamber for promoting the separation of the light fraction, with the zone extending from the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber in the radial direction. A second specified zone with a lower pressure, preferably atmospheric pressure, follows the first zone in the region of the separation chamber proximate to the axis. The light fraction is , reliably separated in the second zone in the region proximate to the axis with the help of the light fraction separation element. The light fraction is then discharged therefrom in a suitable manner.
In particular, the essentially radial overlap region between the light fraction separation element and the backuploverflow element produces a delivery pressure for their respective fraction to be separated. Accordingly, in the solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, a sufficiently high delivery pressure is provided in the region of the separation chamber over the entire operating range of the solid bowl centrifuge, without requiring additional measures and independent of the number of the phases of the mixture to be separated. (n this way, the solid bowl centrifuge can operate continuously due to the sufficiently high delivery pressures, which aids in the discharge of the phases to be separated.
To increase the efficiency of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention even further, the rotor has at least one delivery channel, which confers a rotary motion on the mixture to be separated during its transport to the separation chamber, so that the mixture already rotates when entering the separation chamber, thereby aiding in the separation of the fractions. For this purpose, a delivery channel or the delivery channels can be formed in the rotor or on the rotor by providing an additional part which surrounds the rotor of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention. This part, which may form the inner boundary wall of the separation chamber, can preferably be fixedly connected with the housing.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the space between the outer wall of the rotor and the housing is sealed using hydrodynamic seals. The middle and heavy fraction can thereby be prevented from entering the gap-like space. By providing a slight counter flow in the separation chamber, the middle fraction is retained in the separation chamber and is prevented from exiting to the outside.
Preferably, the inner boundary wall of the separation chamber has a conical form ..
and is tapered towards the rotation axis.
in particular, an outlet for the light fraction is provided proximate the rotation axis.
The centrifugal force acting on the mixture to be separated in the separation chamber causes the light fraction to collect near the rotation axis of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention. 'The fight fraction can then be easily discharged directly proximate to the rotation axis.
An outlet for the middle fraction or a second fraction which can be the accepted stock, can be provided in a region of the open gap of the backuploverflow element, in particular when the centrifuge of the invention is employed with fibrous material suspensions in the paper industry.
More particularly, the solid bowl centrifuge according to the.invention is designed so as to keep the housing and/or~the outer housing of centrifuge stationary, with the respective phases of the mixture to be separated being separated by the centrifugal forces produced in the inner space of the housing.
According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention can be fixedly connected with the rotor. Alternatively, the outer boundary wall of _ separation chamber can be formed separately from the rotor and may also be driven separately from the rotor, so that the respective inner and outer boundary walls can assume a different rotation speed. This arrangement e~rectmeiy improves the phase separation and also the delivery flow (pump action) of the mixture.
Preferably, the delivery device for the blocking medium is provided in the form of grooves or blades.
and is tapered towards the rotation axis.
in particular, an outlet for the light fraction is provided proximate the rotation axis.
The centrifugal force acting on the mixture to be separated in the separation chamber causes the light fraction to collect near the rotation axis of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention. 'The fight fraction can then be easily discharged directly proximate to the rotation axis.
An outlet for the middle fraction or a second fraction which can be the accepted stock, can be provided in a region of the open gap of the backuploverflow element, in particular when the centrifuge of the invention is employed with fibrous material suspensions in the paper industry.
More particularly, the solid bowl centrifuge according to the.invention is designed so as to keep the housing and/or~the outer housing of centrifuge stationary, with the respective phases of the mixture to be separated being separated by the centrifugal forces produced in the inner space of the housing.
According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention can be fixedly connected with the rotor. Alternatively, the outer boundary wall of _ separation chamber can be formed separately from the rotor and may also be driven separately from the rotor, so that the respective inner and outer boundary walls can assume a different rotation speed. This arrangement e~rectmeiy improves the phase separation and also the delivery flow (pump action) of the mixture.
Preferably, the delivery device for the blocking medium is provided in the form of grooves or blades.
According to yet another advantageous embodiment, the separation chamber of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention can widen in the direction towards the opening for the heavy fraction. This arrangement improves the flow pattern for discharging the heavy fraction in the direction of the opening.
A discharge device having at least one lock can be provided in the discharge region after the opening for the heavy fraction.
Advantageously, the housing is formed as a pressure vessel.
Preferably, at least one rinsing device for cleaning purposes is provided which can be formed as a cleaning lance and disposed on the housing.
In addition, a device for lowering the impact losses generated by the mixture to be separated is connected before the feed side of the rotor.
If desired, at least one entraining element for the mixture can be provided on the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber for improving the circulation of the mixture in the separation chamber.
zo To ensure an extended, reliable operation of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention, ail walls and components that during the operation of the centrifuge _ come into contract with the abrasive heavy fraction, are made of a wear-resistant material or are provided with a wear-resistant coating. This arrangement significantly improves the lifetime of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention.
Additional details, characteristic features and advantages of certain advantageous embodiments of the invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the appended drawings. It is shown in:
A discharge device having at least one lock can be provided in the discharge region after the opening for the heavy fraction.
Advantageously, the housing is formed as a pressure vessel.
Preferably, at least one rinsing device for cleaning purposes is provided which can be formed as a cleaning lance and disposed on the housing.
In addition, a device for lowering the impact losses generated by the mixture to be separated is connected before the feed side of the rotor.
If desired, at least one entraining element for the mixture can be provided on the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber for improving the circulation of the mixture in the separation chamber.
zo To ensure an extended, reliable operation of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention, ail walls and components that during the operation of the centrifuge _ come into contract with the abrasive heavy fraction, are made of a wear-resistant material or are provided with a wear-resistant coating. This arrangement significantly improves the lifetime of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention.
Additional details, characteristic features and advantages of certain advantageous embodiments of the invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the appended drawings. It is shown in:
Fig. 1 schematically, a longitudinal cross-section of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, Fig. 2 schematically, a longitudinal cross-section of a preferred embodiment of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, wherein the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber is driven separately from the rotor and a light fraction separation element is fixedly connected with the rotor, Fig.3 schematically, a longitudinal cross-section of another preferred embodiment of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, wherein the rotor is fixedly connected with the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber and with the light fraction separation element, Fig. 4 schematically, a longitudinal cross-section of a modification of the solid bow! centrifuge according to Fig. 3, wherein the light fraction is discharged directly in the rotor, Fig.S schematically, a longitudinal cross-section of another preferred embodiment of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, wherein the rotor is fixedly connected with the outer boundary wall of the separation chamber and the inner boundary wall of the separation chamber is formed by a separate part having the form of an annular .
jacket element that is fixedly connected with the housing, Fig. 6 schematically, a sectional view along the line A-A of Fig. 4, Fig. 7 schematically, a sectional view along the line B-B of Fig. 4, Fig.3 a schematic view illustrating the various zones formed in the separation chamber, Fig. 9 schematically, a partial section of ano~er embodiment of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, with a flotation using a gas or a liquid saturated with a gas, and Fig. 10 schematically, a partial section of another embodiment of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, wherein a backup/overflow element is formed by an end face of the housing.
In the Figures, identical elements or elements performing an identical function are indicated with identical reference numerals.
Referring now to Figs. 1 to 5, which depict different embodiments of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, the solid bowl centrifuge 1 includes a fixedly installed and/or stationary housing 2. A multi-phase mixture to be separated is introduced in a stationary manner, for example, through an elbow 3.
The mixture to be separated is delivered to a rotor 7 through a rotary feedthrough 4 and a moveable part which can be formed as a hollow shaft 5 and disposed around a rotation axis 6. This rotor can also be referred to as delivery rotor.
As illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5, an additional element 8 intended to reduce impact losses in the rotor 7 is placed on the feed side of the delivery rotor 7 for the mixture to be separated, with the feed side formed by the hollow shaft 5. In the illustrated embodiment, the additional element 8 is formed as a guide plate 8 which - starting from the rotor 7 - is pointed towards the wall of the housing 2.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge depicted in Figs. 1 to 5, the mixture to be separated is introduced through a rotor input 9 or a delivery rotor input 9. When the rotor 7 rotates, the mixture to be separated is fed through channels 10 or delivery channels 10 into a separation chamber 12 where the mixture to be separated enters the separation chamber 12 through outlets 11.
The separation chamber 12 has a substantially rotationally symmetric form and is formed between an outer boundary wail 24 proximate to the housing and a inner boundary walls 13 proximate to the axis. Preferably, the channels 10 extend approximately parallel to the inner boundary surface 13 of the separation chamber 12. The inner boundary wall 13 of the separation chamber 12 is shaped conically towards the discharge location for the light fraction and preferably has a conical taper.
In the embodiments of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Figs. 1 to 4, the inner boundary wall 13 of the separation chamber 12 is formed by the outer surface of the rotor 7 which extends cynically in the direction of the discharge location for the light fraction (discharge openings 14 and 21, respectively, for the light fraction), whereby the outer surface of the rotor 7 simultaneously forms the inner boundary wall or inner boundary surface 13 of the separation chamber 12.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 5, there is provided a separate part 15 which surrounds the rotor 7 and forms the inner boundary wall 13 of the separation chamber 12. The part 15 is preferably fixedly connected with the housing 2. This part 15 is formed, for example, by an annular jacket element which simultaneously forms the inner boundary wall 13 of the separation chamber 12. The part 15 formed as a jacket element is arranged rotationally symmetric about the conical rotor 7 and about a portion of the hollow shaft 5 and spaced apart therefrom with a narrow gap 1 fi. The part 15 formed as an annular jacket element is fixedly connected with the stationary housing 2 by connection means which are not shown and described in detail.
The embodiments of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention illustrated in the drawings include a light fraction separation element 17 which projects from the input end of the mixture approximately radially into the separation chamber 12 with an axial gap therebetween.
In the embodiment depicted in Fig. 5, a disk-shaped light fraction separation element 17 which is disposed rotationally symmetric on the part 15 and is formed as an annular jacket element, as viewed in the flow direction of the solid bowl centrifuge 1, is disposed on the end of the inner boundary surface 13. The light fraction separation element 17 is fixedly connected with the part 15 formed as an ~ 0 annular jacket element in the region of the discharge locations for the light fraction (discharge openings 14). A pipe 18 for discharging the light fraction is connected after the light fraction separation element 17. The pipe is stationary and disposed rotationally symmetric about and encloses the hollow shaft 5, the rotation axis 6 of the rotor 7, the separate part 15 formed as an annular jacket element, and the light fraction discharge openings 14. The separated light fraction is delivered through the pipe 18 to a stationary tight fraction collection container 19 (collection container for the light fraction) which has a discharge connection 20.
In the embodiments of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Figs. 1 to 3, a light fraction separation element 17 is provided which is rotationally symmetric and disk-shaped. The light fraction separation element 17 is arranged on an end of _ the inner boundary surface 13 of the separation chamber 12 and projects approximately radially into the separation chamber 12. The disk-shaped light fraction separation element 17 is fixedly connected with the inner boundary surface 13 of the separation chamber 12 between the discharge openings 14 far the light fraction. A pipe 18 which surrounds the discharge openings 14, is provided for discharging the light fraction, with the pipe 18 being arranged rotationally symmetric about the hollow shaft 5 and the rotation axis 6 of the rotor 7. The separated light fraction is collected through the pipe 18 in a collection container 19 for the light fraction (light fraction collection container 19) .
which has a discharge connection 20.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 4, the rotationally symmetric light fraction separation element 17 is arranged on the end of the inner boundary surface 13 of the separation chamber 12 and sealingly and rigidly connected with the rotor 7. The light fraction separation element 17 converges in the direction of the discharge openings 14 for the light fraction. The discharge openings 14 are formed by the radial bores 21 formed in the rotor 7 and oriented in the direction of the rotation axis 6 to terminate in a collection pipe 22. The arrangement of the radial bores 21 in the rotor 7 is shown in Fig. 7 in more detail; the radial bores 21 terminate in a collection pipe 22 and extend between the channels and delivery channels 1~0, respectively. In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 4, the separated light fraction is supplied to the collection pipe 22 extending along the rotation axis 6 through the radial bores 21 and discharged through the drive shaft 23 of the rotor 7 in a manner not shown in detail.
In the embodiments of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5, the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12 is fixedly connected with the rotor 7 through the front wall of the separation chamber 12.
in addition, a backup/overtlow element 25 which is axially spaced apart from the tight fraction separation element 17, is disposed after the light fraction separation element 17, as viewed in the flow direction, so that the backup/overflow element 25 partially overlaps at least the free edge of the light fraction separation element 17 in the radial direction. In the embodiment according to Figs. 1, 3, and 5, the front face of the separation chamber 12 facing the light fraction separation element 17 is formed as a disk-shape, rotationally symmetric backuplovertlow element 25.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 2, the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12 is fixedly connected with a rotationally symmetric rotary element 27 which is spaced apart from the rotor by a gap 2fi. The rotary element 27 simultaneously forms the end wall of the separation chamber. The opposite end wall is formed as a disk-shaped, rotationally symmetric backuploverflow element 25. The rotary element 27.
which is rigidly connected with the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12, is driven by a drive shaft 23. The drive shaft 23 is supported on the stationary housing 2 by floating bearings 28, 29. A feather key 30 connects the rotary element 27 with a rotary drive (not shown), enabling rotation of the rotary element 27 about the rotation axis 6.
The rotor 7 is supported on the upper section of the rotary element 27 by its rotor shaft journal 31 and a bearing 32. A counter bearing 33 and a pulley 74 for separately driving the rotor 7 are disposed on the hollow shaft 5. The counter bearing 33 is supported by the housing 2. Additional bearings 28, 29, 32 and are provided which are sealed in a conventional manner.
According to Figs. 1, 3 and 5, the core of rotor 7 is formed as a hollow space 35.
This construction saves material and reduces the weight of the rotor 7.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Figs. 1, 3 and 4, the rotor 7 is fixedly connected with the drive shaft 23. The rotor 7 and the drive shaft 23 are supported in the housing 2 by floating bearings 28, 29. A feather key 30 connects the drive shaft 23 of the delivery rotor 7 to a drive assembly (not shown in detail), causing the rotor 7 to rotate about the rotation axis 6. The aforedescribed bearings 28, 29 are sealed in a conventional manner.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 5, the rotor 7 is also fixedly connected with a drive shaft 23, with the entire assembly supported, on one hand, by a bearing 36 and, on the other hand, by the hollow shaft 5 and a bearing 37 on the housing 2. A feather key 30 connects the drive shaft 23 with a rotor drive assembly (not shown in detail, causing the rotor 7 to rotate about the rotation axis 6. The bearings 36, 37 are sealed in a conventional manner.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge according to Figs. 1 to 5, a collection container for the middle fraction, for example a collection container 38 for accepted stock, has a discharge connection 39 and is placed after the backuploverflow element 25.
Fig. 8 shows in an enlarged partial view details of certain advantageous effects in the region of separation chamber 12 of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to the invention. The centrifuge 1 includes a housing 2. l7uring operation and with the rotor 7 in rotation, the mixture to be separated is delivered through the channels 10 (delivery channels 10) into the separation chamber 12, aided by the centrifugal forces. The multi-phase mixture to be separated, for example a three-phase mixture, contained in the separating space 12 is set in rotation by the rotary motion of the rotor 7 and the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12, thereby forming a zone I in the separation chamber 12, in particular due to the joint action of the light fraction separation element 17 and the backuploverflow element 25. The zone I is depicted with horizontal hatched lines. The zone I extends from the outer boundary wall 24 in the direction of the rotation axis 6 of the separation chamber 12. Preferably, the zone I extends parallel to the rotation axis and at least approximately to the radius of the unobstructed width of the backuploverflow element 25. The zone 1 represents a zone with a higher pressure, thereby forming a separation zone for the light fraction and supporting the separation of the tight fraction.
A second zone II without hatching is depicted in Fig. 8, which represents a zone with a lower pressure, preferably atmospheric pressure, located in a region of the separation chamber 12 proximate to the axis around the discharge region for the light fraction. The second none ll has a lower pressure and is bounded by the zone 1 having a higher pressure, by the light fraction separation element 17 and by the inner boundary surface 13 of separation chamber 12. The light fraction that has been separated in zone I collects in the second zone 11 and is discharged through the openings 14 (light fraction discharge openings 14) and the pipe 18 connected thereto. An overlap region D is formed by the light fraction separation element 17 and the backuploverflow element 25 and the outer resistance (friction in the pipe, geodetic height, etc. ), with the overlap region D
inducing a delivery pressure for the respective fraction to be separated. When the solid bowl centrifuge 1 is used with fibrous material suspensions in the paper . industry, the accepted stock can be transported to the collection container 38 for the accepted stock {synonymous with the middle fraction) by the built-up pressure. The collection container 38 for the accepted stock is connected to a discharge connection 39 for the accepted stock. The radial difference D, which is not drawn to scale; is located between the zone 1 and the zone I1. The radial difference D is located before the light fraction separation element 17, as viewed in the flow direction, and is formed in conjunction with the unobstructed width of the backuploverflow element 25. The radial difference D in cooperation with the centrifugal force of the mass produces a corresponding delivery pressure for delivering the middle fraction and the accepted stock, respectively.
According to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the pipe 18 for discharging the light fraction, which extends through the lower housing wall, is sealed at the location of the feedthrough, for example, by using a gland 40. In Figs. 4 and 5, the hollow shaft 5 which penetrates the lower housing wall, can also be sealed in a suitable manner, fvr example, by using a gland 40.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Figs. 2 to 5, openings 41 are provided in the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12 to enable a continuous separation of the heavy fraction. The inner surface 42 of the outer boundary wall 24 is partially shaped as a funnel, so that the separation chamber 12 widens in the direction towards the vpening(s) 41 for the heavy fraction. A separation chamber 44 for the heavy fraction is located in the housing 2 after these openings 41 with a gap 43 therebetween, with the separation chamber 44 being arranged in a circle about the rotation axis 6.
When the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12 rotates, the separation chamber 44 covers the openings 41 completely, as seen in projection, thereby eliminating shear in the heavy fraction (which may contain metal pieces and the like) when the heavy fraction passes through the openings 41 into the separation chamber 64. A conduit 45 having at least one lock 46, 47 is connected to the separation chamber 44.
A conveyor device 51 is located in a space 43 between the outer wall of the rotor and the housing 2 and delivers a blocking medium contained in the space 43 towards the at least one opening 41 for the heavy fraction with at least the pressure established in the opening 41. In one of the embodiments, the conveyor device 51 can be positioned in the respective portion of the outer wall 24 of the rotor which is referred to as backup/overflow element 25 and extends into a radial direction. The radial extension of the outer wall 24 of the rotor can then also form the backup/overflow element 25. The gap-like space 43 is hydraulically sealed through rotationally symmetric closed annular elements which are formed, on one hand, by the end wall and, on the other hand, by the backuplovertlow element 25 extended in the radial direction. Rotationally symmetric annular grooves 48,49 located in the housing 2 project over the radially extended backup/overflow element 25. The respective radial ends of the annular elements formed in this way have recesses, for example in the form of milled-out portions 50, as seen, for example, in Fig. 6. Grooves 51 extending in the radial direction are arranged on the end wall and on the backup/overFlow element 25 on the sides facing the housing 2, with the grooves operating as a 1s delivery device 51 for the blocking medium contained in the space 43. The delivery device and the grooves 51, respectively, are also depicted in Fig. 6.
The blocking medium is supplied through one line or several feed lines 52 located in the housing 2. The blocking medium, which can be for example blocking water or another liquid, is conveyed by the centrifugal force through the feed line and the grooves 51 radially outwardly to the grooves 48 and 49. At this point, the recesses 50 set the blocking medium in rotation to establish a high pressure of the blocking medium in these grooves 48 and 49, thereby preventing the mixture and also the heavy fraction disposed in the gap-like space 43 from escaping through the grooves 48 and 49 located in the housing 2. In this way, the conveyor device 51 delivers the blocking medium contained in space 43 in the direction of at least the one opening 41 for the heavy fraction with a pressure that corresponds at least to the prevailing pressure in the opening 41.
The embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 6 shows the radial grooves 51 located in the ~backup/overflow element 25 for delivering the blocking medium to the groove 49 located in the housing 2. Fig. 6 also depicts the recesses 50 and the hollow shaft 5 with the additional element 8 disposed therein, which may have the form of a guide plate.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge of Fig. 1, a rinsing device in the form of a rinsing lance 53 is provided for discontinuously discharging the separated heavy fraction from the region of the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12. The rinsing device uses a rinse solution to flush, for example, the heavy fraction into a catch basin (not shown) through the backup/overflow element 25, the collection container 38 and the discharge connection 39. The gap-like space 43 is hydraulically sealed by a rotationally symmetric closed annular element that projects through the radially extended the backup/overflow element 25 into the rvtationatly symmetric annular groove 49 located in the housing 2, The annular element has milled-out portions 50 located _'CA 02317528 2000-07-07 on the radial end. The blocking medium is supplied via the supply lines 54.
In the schematic partial sectional view of Figs. 9 and 10, identical or similar elements are provided with reference numerals identical to those of the previous embodiments and are therefore not described in detail. In the embodiment of Fig. 10, the backuploverflow element 25 is formed by the respective end wall of the stationary housing 2.
Figs. 9 and 10, which also show the zones I and ll as described with reference to Fig. 8, depict in greater detail an alternative embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention, wherein a gas or a liquid saturated with a gas is introduced into the separation chamber 12 to facilitate separation of the light fraction.
In connection with the aforedescribed embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1, the gas or the liquid saturated with a gas can also be introduced via the supply connection 3. In an alternative embodiment illustrated in Figs_ 9 and 10, a supply line 56 for the gas or the liquid saturated with a gas is provided on the housing 2.
The gas or the liquid saturated with a gas introduced through the supply line in the housing is fed into the separation chamber through openings 55 located in the rotor and the outer boundary wal I 24, respectively, thereby producing flotation in the separation chamber 72. The flotation transports contaminants, such as -pigment particles and the like, from the region of the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12 towards the region proximate to the axis of the separation chamber 12, i.e., in the direction of the rotation axis 6, in such a way that the contaminants can reach the region which separates the light fraction.
List of reference numerals 1 device and solid bowl centrifuge in general 2 stationary housing 3 feed connection for the mixture to be separated (elbow) 4 rotary feed through 5 whole shaft = moveable means 6' rotation axis 7 conveyor rotor 8 additional element {guide plate) 9 conveyor rotor inlet 10 conveyorchannel 11 feed channel discharge 12 separation chamber 13 inner boundary surtace of the separation chamber 12 14 discharge opening for light~fraction 15 annular jacket (fixedly connected with stationary housing 2) 16 gap 17 separation element far light fraction 18 discharge means for light fraction (pipe) 19 collection container for light fraction 20 discharge connection 21 radial bore as outlet opening 14 for light fraction Z2 collection pipe 23 drive shaft 24 outer boundary wall of the separation chamber 12 25 back-up/overtlow element on the front of wall of the separation chamber 12 26 gap 27 rotary element 28, 29 floating bearing 30 feather key 31 conveyor rotor shaft journal 32 bearing 33 counter bearing 34 pulley 35 hollow space in rotor 7 36 bearing 37 bearing 38 collection container for accepted stock (collection container for medium fraction) 39 discharge nozzle for accepted stock 40 gland 41 openings for heavy fraction 42 inner surtace of the outer boundary wall 24 43 gap 44 separation chamber for heavy fraction 45 conduit (pipe) 46, 47 material locks ' 48, 49 grooves (annular) 50 counter sunk portion 51 grooves (conveyor device) 52 feed for blocking medium 53 rinsing lancet for discontinuous discharge of heavy fraction 54 feed for blocking medium 55 openings in rotor 7 for introducing gas or liquid saturated with gas for flotation 56 feed on housing 2 for gas or liquid saturated with gas for flotation
jacket element that is fixedly connected with the housing, Fig. 6 schematically, a sectional view along the line A-A of Fig. 4, Fig. 7 schematically, a sectional view along the line B-B of Fig. 4, Fig.3 a schematic view illustrating the various zones formed in the separation chamber, Fig. 9 schematically, a partial section of ano~er embodiment of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, with a flotation using a gas or a liquid saturated with a gas, and Fig. 10 schematically, a partial section of another embodiment of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, wherein a backup/overflow element is formed by an end face of the housing.
In the Figures, identical elements or elements performing an identical function are indicated with identical reference numerals.
Referring now to Figs. 1 to 5, which depict different embodiments of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention, the solid bowl centrifuge 1 includes a fixedly installed and/or stationary housing 2. A multi-phase mixture to be separated is introduced in a stationary manner, for example, through an elbow 3.
The mixture to be separated is delivered to a rotor 7 through a rotary feedthrough 4 and a moveable part which can be formed as a hollow shaft 5 and disposed around a rotation axis 6. This rotor can also be referred to as delivery rotor.
As illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5, an additional element 8 intended to reduce impact losses in the rotor 7 is placed on the feed side of the delivery rotor 7 for the mixture to be separated, with the feed side formed by the hollow shaft 5. In the illustrated embodiment, the additional element 8 is formed as a guide plate 8 which - starting from the rotor 7 - is pointed towards the wall of the housing 2.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge depicted in Figs. 1 to 5, the mixture to be separated is introduced through a rotor input 9 or a delivery rotor input 9. When the rotor 7 rotates, the mixture to be separated is fed through channels 10 or delivery channels 10 into a separation chamber 12 where the mixture to be separated enters the separation chamber 12 through outlets 11.
The separation chamber 12 has a substantially rotationally symmetric form and is formed between an outer boundary wail 24 proximate to the housing and a inner boundary walls 13 proximate to the axis. Preferably, the channels 10 extend approximately parallel to the inner boundary surface 13 of the separation chamber 12. The inner boundary wall 13 of the separation chamber 12 is shaped conically towards the discharge location for the light fraction and preferably has a conical taper.
In the embodiments of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Figs. 1 to 4, the inner boundary wall 13 of the separation chamber 12 is formed by the outer surface of the rotor 7 which extends cynically in the direction of the discharge location for the light fraction (discharge openings 14 and 21, respectively, for the light fraction), whereby the outer surface of the rotor 7 simultaneously forms the inner boundary wall or inner boundary surface 13 of the separation chamber 12.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 5, there is provided a separate part 15 which surrounds the rotor 7 and forms the inner boundary wall 13 of the separation chamber 12. The part 15 is preferably fixedly connected with the housing 2. This part 15 is formed, for example, by an annular jacket element which simultaneously forms the inner boundary wall 13 of the separation chamber 12. The part 15 formed as a jacket element is arranged rotationally symmetric about the conical rotor 7 and about a portion of the hollow shaft 5 and spaced apart therefrom with a narrow gap 1 fi. The part 15 formed as an annular jacket element is fixedly connected with the stationary housing 2 by connection means which are not shown and described in detail.
The embodiments of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention illustrated in the drawings include a light fraction separation element 17 which projects from the input end of the mixture approximately radially into the separation chamber 12 with an axial gap therebetween.
In the embodiment depicted in Fig. 5, a disk-shaped light fraction separation element 17 which is disposed rotationally symmetric on the part 15 and is formed as an annular jacket element, as viewed in the flow direction of the solid bowl centrifuge 1, is disposed on the end of the inner boundary surface 13. The light fraction separation element 17 is fixedly connected with the part 15 formed as an ~ 0 annular jacket element in the region of the discharge locations for the light fraction (discharge openings 14). A pipe 18 for discharging the light fraction is connected after the light fraction separation element 17. The pipe is stationary and disposed rotationally symmetric about and encloses the hollow shaft 5, the rotation axis 6 of the rotor 7, the separate part 15 formed as an annular jacket element, and the light fraction discharge openings 14. The separated light fraction is delivered through the pipe 18 to a stationary tight fraction collection container 19 (collection container for the light fraction) which has a discharge connection 20.
In the embodiments of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Figs. 1 to 3, a light fraction separation element 17 is provided which is rotationally symmetric and disk-shaped. The light fraction separation element 17 is arranged on an end of _ the inner boundary surface 13 of the separation chamber 12 and projects approximately radially into the separation chamber 12. The disk-shaped light fraction separation element 17 is fixedly connected with the inner boundary surface 13 of the separation chamber 12 between the discharge openings 14 far the light fraction. A pipe 18 which surrounds the discharge openings 14, is provided for discharging the light fraction, with the pipe 18 being arranged rotationally symmetric about the hollow shaft 5 and the rotation axis 6 of the rotor 7. The separated light fraction is collected through the pipe 18 in a collection container 19 for the light fraction (light fraction collection container 19) .
which has a discharge connection 20.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 4, the rotationally symmetric light fraction separation element 17 is arranged on the end of the inner boundary surface 13 of the separation chamber 12 and sealingly and rigidly connected with the rotor 7. The light fraction separation element 17 converges in the direction of the discharge openings 14 for the light fraction. The discharge openings 14 are formed by the radial bores 21 formed in the rotor 7 and oriented in the direction of the rotation axis 6 to terminate in a collection pipe 22. The arrangement of the radial bores 21 in the rotor 7 is shown in Fig. 7 in more detail; the radial bores 21 terminate in a collection pipe 22 and extend between the channels and delivery channels 1~0, respectively. In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 4, the separated light fraction is supplied to the collection pipe 22 extending along the rotation axis 6 through the radial bores 21 and discharged through the drive shaft 23 of the rotor 7 in a manner not shown in detail.
In the embodiments of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5, the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12 is fixedly connected with the rotor 7 through the front wall of the separation chamber 12.
in addition, a backup/overtlow element 25 which is axially spaced apart from the tight fraction separation element 17, is disposed after the light fraction separation element 17, as viewed in the flow direction, so that the backup/overflow element 25 partially overlaps at least the free edge of the light fraction separation element 17 in the radial direction. In the embodiment according to Figs. 1, 3, and 5, the front face of the separation chamber 12 facing the light fraction separation element 17 is formed as a disk-shape, rotationally symmetric backuplovertlow element 25.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 2, the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12 is fixedly connected with a rotationally symmetric rotary element 27 which is spaced apart from the rotor by a gap 2fi. The rotary element 27 simultaneously forms the end wall of the separation chamber. The opposite end wall is formed as a disk-shaped, rotationally symmetric backuploverflow element 25. The rotary element 27.
which is rigidly connected with the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12, is driven by a drive shaft 23. The drive shaft 23 is supported on the stationary housing 2 by floating bearings 28, 29. A feather key 30 connects the rotary element 27 with a rotary drive (not shown), enabling rotation of the rotary element 27 about the rotation axis 6.
The rotor 7 is supported on the upper section of the rotary element 27 by its rotor shaft journal 31 and a bearing 32. A counter bearing 33 and a pulley 74 for separately driving the rotor 7 are disposed on the hollow shaft 5. The counter bearing 33 is supported by the housing 2. Additional bearings 28, 29, 32 and are provided which are sealed in a conventional manner.
According to Figs. 1, 3 and 5, the core of rotor 7 is formed as a hollow space 35.
This construction saves material and reduces the weight of the rotor 7.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Figs. 1, 3 and 4, the rotor 7 is fixedly connected with the drive shaft 23. The rotor 7 and the drive shaft 23 are supported in the housing 2 by floating bearings 28, 29. A feather key 30 connects the drive shaft 23 of the delivery rotor 7 to a drive assembly (not shown in detail), causing the rotor 7 to rotate about the rotation axis 6. The aforedescribed bearings 28, 29 are sealed in a conventional manner.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 5, the rotor 7 is also fixedly connected with a drive shaft 23, with the entire assembly supported, on one hand, by a bearing 36 and, on the other hand, by the hollow shaft 5 and a bearing 37 on the housing 2. A feather key 30 connects the drive shaft 23 with a rotor drive assembly (not shown in detail, causing the rotor 7 to rotate about the rotation axis 6. The bearings 36, 37 are sealed in a conventional manner.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge according to Figs. 1 to 5, a collection container for the middle fraction, for example a collection container 38 for accepted stock, has a discharge connection 39 and is placed after the backuploverflow element 25.
Fig. 8 shows in an enlarged partial view details of certain advantageous effects in the region of separation chamber 12 of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to the invention. The centrifuge 1 includes a housing 2. l7uring operation and with the rotor 7 in rotation, the mixture to be separated is delivered through the channels 10 (delivery channels 10) into the separation chamber 12, aided by the centrifugal forces. The multi-phase mixture to be separated, for example a three-phase mixture, contained in the separating space 12 is set in rotation by the rotary motion of the rotor 7 and the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12, thereby forming a zone I in the separation chamber 12, in particular due to the joint action of the light fraction separation element 17 and the backuploverflow element 25. The zone I is depicted with horizontal hatched lines. The zone I extends from the outer boundary wall 24 in the direction of the rotation axis 6 of the separation chamber 12. Preferably, the zone I extends parallel to the rotation axis and at least approximately to the radius of the unobstructed width of the backuploverflow element 25. The zone 1 represents a zone with a higher pressure, thereby forming a separation zone for the light fraction and supporting the separation of the tight fraction.
A second zone II without hatching is depicted in Fig. 8, which represents a zone with a lower pressure, preferably atmospheric pressure, located in a region of the separation chamber 12 proximate to the axis around the discharge region for the light fraction. The second none ll has a lower pressure and is bounded by the zone 1 having a higher pressure, by the light fraction separation element 17 and by the inner boundary surface 13 of separation chamber 12. The light fraction that has been separated in zone I collects in the second zone 11 and is discharged through the openings 14 (light fraction discharge openings 14) and the pipe 18 connected thereto. An overlap region D is formed by the light fraction separation element 17 and the backuploverflow element 25 and the outer resistance (friction in the pipe, geodetic height, etc. ), with the overlap region D
inducing a delivery pressure for the respective fraction to be separated. When the solid bowl centrifuge 1 is used with fibrous material suspensions in the paper . industry, the accepted stock can be transported to the collection container 38 for the accepted stock {synonymous with the middle fraction) by the built-up pressure. The collection container 38 for the accepted stock is connected to a discharge connection 39 for the accepted stock. The radial difference D, which is not drawn to scale; is located between the zone 1 and the zone I1. The radial difference D is located before the light fraction separation element 17, as viewed in the flow direction, and is formed in conjunction with the unobstructed width of the backuploverflow element 25. The radial difference D in cooperation with the centrifugal force of the mass produces a corresponding delivery pressure for delivering the middle fraction and the accepted stock, respectively.
According to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the pipe 18 for discharging the light fraction, which extends through the lower housing wall, is sealed at the location of the feedthrough, for example, by using a gland 40. In Figs. 4 and 5, the hollow shaft 5 which penetrates the lower housing wall, can also be sealed in a suitable manner, fvr example, by using a gland 40.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Figs. 2 to 5, openings 41 are provided in the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12 to enable a continuous separation of the heavy fraction. The inner surface 42 of the outer boundary wall 24 is partially shaped as a funnel, so that the separation chamber 12 widens in the direction towards the vpening(s) 41 for the heavy fraction. A separation chamber 44 for the heavy fraction is located in the housing 2 after these openings 41 with a gap 43 therebetween, with the separation chamber 44 being arranged in a circle about the rotation axis 6.
When the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12 rotates, the separation chamber 44 covers the openings 41 completely, as seen in projection, thereby eliminating shear in the heavy fraction (which may contain metal pieces and the like) when the heavy fraction passes through the openings 41 into the separation chamber 64. A conduit 45 having at least one lock 46, 47 is connected to the separation chamber 44.
A conveyor device 51 is located in a space 43 between the outer wall of the rotor and the housing 2 and delivers a blocking medium contained in the space 43 towards the at least one opening 41 for the heavy fraction with at least the pressure established in the opening 41. In one of the embodiments, the conveyor device 51 can be positioned in the respective portion of the outer wall 24 of the rotor which is referred to as backup/overflow element 25 and extends into a radial direction. The radial extension of the outer wall 24 of the rotor can then also form the backup/overflow element 25. The gap-like space 43 is hydraulically sealed through rotationally symmetric closed annular elements which are formed, on one hand, by the end wall and, on the other hand, by the backuplovertlow element 25 extended in the radial direction. Rotationally symmetric annular grooves 48,49 located in the housing 2 project over the radially extended backup/overflow element 25. The respective radial ends of the annular elements formed in this way have recesses, for example in the form of milled-out portions 50, as seen, for example, in Fig. 6. Grooves 51 extending in the radial direction are arranged on the end wall and on the backup/overFlow element 25 on the sides facing the housing 2, with the grooves operating as a 1s delivery device 51 for the blocking medium contained in the space 43. The delivery device and the grooves 51, respectively, are also depicted in Fig. 6.
The blocking medium is supplied through one line or several feed lines 52 located in the housing 2. The blocking medium, which can be for example blocking water or another liquid, is conveyed by the centrifugal force through the feed line and the grooves 51 radially outwardly to the grooves 48 and 49. At this point, the recesses 50 set the blocking medium in rotation to establish a high pressure of the blocking medium in these grooves 48 and 49, thereby preventing the mixture and also the heavy fraction disposed in the gap-like space 43 from escaping through the grooves 48 and 49 located in the housing 2. In this way, the conveyor device 51 delivers the blocking medium contained in space 43 in the direction of at least the one opening 41 for the heavy fraction with a pressure that corresponds at least to the prevailing pressure in the opening 41.
The embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 6 shows the radial grooves 51 located in the ~backup/overflow element 25 for delivering the blocking medium to the groove 49 located in the housing 2. Fig. 6 also depicts the recesses 50 and the hollow shaft 5 with the additional element 8 disposed therein, which may have the form of a guide plate.
In the embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge of Fig. 1, a rinsing device in the form of a rinsing lance 53 is provided for discontinuously discharging the separated heavy fraction from the region of the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12. The rinsing device uses a rinse solution to flush, for example, the heavy fraction into a catch basin (not shown) through the backup/overflow element 25, the collection container 38 and the discharge connection 39. The gap-like space 43 is hydraulically sealed by a rotationally symmetric closed annular element that projects through the radially extended the backup/overflow element 25 into the rvtationatly symmetric annular groove 49 located in the housing 2, The annular element has milled-out portions 50 located _'CA 02317528 2000-07-07 on the radial end. The blocking medium is supplied via the supply lines 54.
In the schematic partial sectional view of Figs. 9 and 10, identical or similar elements are provided with reference numerals identical to those of the previous embodiments and are therefore not described in detail. In the embodiment of Fig. 10, the backuploverflow element 25 is formed by the respective end wall of the stationary housing 2.
Figs. 9 and 10, which also show the zones I and ll as described with reference to Fig. 8, depict in greater detail an alternative embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge of the invention, wherein a gas or a liquid saturated with a gas is introduced into the separation chamber 12 to facilitate separation of the light fraction.
In connection with the aforedescribed embodiment of the solid bowl centrifuge 1, the gas or the liquid saturated with a gas can also be introduced via the supply connection 3. In an alternative embodiment illustrated in Figs_ 9 and 10, a supply line 56 for the gas or the liquid saturated with a gas is provided on the housing 2.
The gas or the liquid saturated with a gas introduced through the supply line in the housing is fed into the separation chamber through openings 55 located in the rotor and the outer boundary wal I 24, respectively, thereby producing flotation in the separation chamber 72. The flotation transports contaminants, such as -pigment particles and the like, from the region of the outer boundary wall 24 of the separation chamber 12 towards the region proximate to the axis of the separation chamber 12, i.e., in the direction of the rotation axis 6, in such a way that the contaminants can reach the region which separates the light fraction.
List of reference numerals 1 device and solid bowl centrifuge in general 2 stationary housing 3 feed connection for the mixture to be separated (elbow) 4 rotary feed through 5 whole shaft = moveable means 6' rotation axis 7 conveyor rotor 8 additional element {guide plate) 9 conveyor rotor inlet 10 conveyorchannel 11 feed channel discharge 12 separation chamber 13 inner boundary surtace of the separation chamber 12 14 discharge opening for light~fraction 15 annular jacket (fixedly connected with stationary housing 2) 16 gap 17 separation element far light fraction 18 discharge means for light fraction (pipe) 19 collection container for light fraction 20 discharge connection 21 radial bore as outlet opening 14 for light fraction Z2 collection pipe 23 drive shaft 24 outer boundary wall of the separation chamber 12 25 back-up/overtlow element on the front of wall of the separation chamber 12 26 gap 27 rotary element 28, 29 floating bearing 30 feather key 31 conveyor rotor shaft journal 32 bearing 33 counter bearing 34 pulley 35 hollow space in rotor 7 36 bearing 37 bearing 38 collection container for accepted stock (collection container for medium fraction) 39 discharge nozzle for accepted stock 40 gland 41 openings for heavy fraction 42 inner surtace of the outer boundary wall 24 43 gap 44 separation chamber for heavy fraction 45 conduit (pipe) 46, 47 material locks ' 48, 49 grooves (annular) 50 counter sunk portion 51 grooves (conveyor device) 52 feed for blocking medium 53 rinsing lancet for discontinuous discharge of heavy fraction 54 feed for blocking medium 55 openings in rotor 7 for introducing gas or liquid saturated with gas for flotation 56 feed on housing 2 for gas or liquid saturated with gas for flotation
Claims (28)
FIBROUS MATERIAL SUSPENSIONS USED IN THE PAPER INDUSTRY
Claims
1. Solid bowl centrifuge for a multi-phase mixture, preferably three-phase mixtures, in particular for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry, with a housing (2), a rotor (7) for separating the multi-phase mixture into a light fraction, a medium fraction and a heavy fraction, having at least one opening (41) in the rotor jacket for the heavy fraction, characterized in that a conveying device (51) is located in a space (43) located between an outer wall (24) of the rotor and the housing (2), wherein the conveying device (51) conveys a blocking medium disposed in the space (43) towards at least one opening (41) designated for the heavy fraction at a pressure which is equal to the pressure in the opening (41).
2. Solid bowl centrifuge for a multi-phase mixture. in particular for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry, with a housing (2) and a rotor (7), characterized in that a gas or a liquid saturated with a gas is introduced into the mixture to be separated for flotation in the direction of the separation of the light fraction.
3. Solid bowl centrifuge for mixtures according to claim 2, characterized in that the gas or the liquid saturated with the gas is introduced through the feed connection (3)
4. Solid bowl centrifuge according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the gas or the liquid saturated with the gas is introduced through the housing (2) and/or associated openings (55) disposed in the rotor and the outer boundary wall (24) of the separation chamber, respectively.
5. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a substantially rotationally symmetric separation chamber (12) is formed between an outer boundary wall (24) located proximate to the housing and an inner boundary wall (13) located proximate to an axis, with the mixture to be separated introduced into the separation chamber (12) proximate to an axial end section, and that a separation element (17) for light fraction extends approximately radially into the separation chamber (12) and is separated from the feed end for the mixture in an axial direction.
6. Solid bowl centrifuge according to claim 5, characterized in that a back-up/overflow element (25) is arranged - with an axial separation in the flow direction - subsequent to the separation element (17) for the light fraction, with the back-up/overflow element (25) partially overlapping at least a free edge of the separation element (17) for the light fraction.
7. Solid bowl centrifuge according to claim 6, characterized in that the back-up/overflow element (25) is formed by a front wall of the separation chamber (12).
8. Solid bowl centrifuge according to claim 6, characterized in that the back-up/overflow element (25) is formed by a front wall of the housing (2).
9. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the claims 6 to 8, characterized in that beginning at the region proximate to the outer boundary wall (24) of the separation chamber (12), through cooperation between the separation element (17) for the light fraction and the back-up/overflow element (25), a zone (I) with a higher pressure for supporting the separation of the light fraction and a defined zone (II) with a lower pressure is formed for the light fraction in the region of the separation chamber (12) proximate to the axis around the discharge region.
10. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the substantially radial overlap region between the separation element (17) for the light fraction and the back-up/overflow element (25) provides a delivery pressure for the respective fraction to be separated.
11. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor (7) comprises at least one channel (10) or conveyor channel, in which a rotation motion is impressed on the mixture to be separated during the transport from the feed end of the mixture to the discharge end into the separation chamber (12).
12. Solid bowl centrifuge according to claim 11, characterized in that the channel or channels (10) are formed in or on the rotor (7).
13. Solid bowl centrifuge according to claim 11, characterized in that the rotor (7) having the channel or the channels (10) is surrounded by a separate element (15) which forms the inner boundary wall (13) of the separation chamber (12), with the separate element (15) preferably fixedly connected with the housing (2).
14. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (42) between the outer wall (24) of the rotor and the housing (2) is sealed using hydrodynamic seals (48 to 51).
15. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner boundary wall (13) of the separation chamber (12) has a conical form oriented towards the discharge location for light fraction.
16. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that proximate to the rotation axis (6) there is provided at least one outlet (14) for the light fraction.
17. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of the clear opening of the back-up/overflow element (25) there is provided an outlet for the middle fraction.
18. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) is stationary.
19. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer boundary wall (24) of the separation chamber (12) is fixedly connected with the rotor (7).
20. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the claims to 18, characterized in that the outer boundary wall (24) of the separation chamber (12) is formed separately from the rotor (7) and can be separately rotatably driven.
21. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying device (51) is formed in the form of grooves or paddles.
22. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separation chamber (12) expands in the direction of the opening(s) for the heavy fraction.
23. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the discharge region arranged subsequent to the opening (41) for the heavy fraction, there is provided a discharge device (45) having at least one material lock (46, 47).
24. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) is formed as a pressure vessel.
25. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) includes at least one rinsing device (53) for cleaning purposes.
26. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an additional element (8) for lowering the impact losses caused by the mixture to be separated is disposed before the feed side of the rotor (7).
27. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one catch element for the mixture is provided on the outer boundary wall (24) of the separation chamber (12).
28. Solid bowl centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all walls and components which come in contact with the abrasive heavy fraction during the operation of the centrifuge, are made of wear-resistant material or provided with a wear-resistant coating.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19800653.5 | 1998-01-08 | ||
| DE1998100653 DE19800653A1 (en) | 1998-01-09 | 1998-01-09 | Device for separating particles, or of particles and gases, or of fluids of different densities from liquids, or suspensions, or emulsions, which has a fixed housing and is separated by means of centrifugal force and also conveys the above-mentioned media through this device and possibly downstream means |
| PCT/EP1999/000114 WO1999035331A2 (en) | 1998-01-09 | 1999-01-11 | Solid bowl centrifuge for mixtures, especially for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2317528A1 true CA2317528A1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
Family
ID=7854275
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002317528A Abandoned CA2317528A1 (en) | 1998-01-08 | 1999-01-11 | Solid bowl centrifuge for mixtures, especially for fibrous material suspensions used in the paper industry |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1056904A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2317528A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19800653A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999035331A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103316782A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-09-25 | 安徽赛而特离心机有限公司 | Drum set of three-phase disc separator |
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| SE526244C2 (en) | 2003-12-11 | 2005-08-02 | Alfa Laval Corp Ab | centrifugal |
| US9137822B2 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2015-09-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Efficient signaling over access channel |
| US9246560B2 (en) | 2005-03-10 | 2016-01-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems and methods for beamforming and rate control in a multi-input multi-output communication systems |
| US9154211B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2015-10-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems and methods for beamforming feedback in multi antenna communication systems |
| US8446892B2 (en) | 2005-03-16 | 2013-05-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel structures for a quasi-orthogonal multiple-access communication system |
| US9520972B2 (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2016-12-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pilot signal transmission for an orthogonal frequency division wireless communication system |
| US9143305B2 (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2015-09-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pilot signal transmission for an orthogonal frequency division wireless communication system |
| US9461859B2 (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2016-10-04 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pilot signal transmission for an orthogonal frequency division wireless communication system |
| US9184870B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2015-11-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems and methods for control channel signaling |
| US9408220B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2016-08-02 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel quality reporting for adaptive sectorization |
| US9036538B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2015-05-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Frequency hopping design for single carrier FDMA systems |
| US8879511B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2014-11-04 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Assignment acknowledgement for a wireless communication system |
| US8565194B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2013-10-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Puncturing signaling channel for a wireless communication system |
| US9179319B2 (en) | 2005-06-16 | 2015-11-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Adaptive sectorization in cellular systems |
| US8885628B2 (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2014-11-11 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Code division multiplexing in a single-carrier frequency division multiple access system |
| US9209956B2 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2015-12-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Segment sensitive scheduling |
| US8644292B2 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2014-02-04 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Varied transmission time intervals for wireless communication system |
| US9136974B2 (en) | 2005-08-30 | 2015-09-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Precoding and SDMA support |
| US9088384B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2015-07-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pilot symbol transmission in wireless communication systems |
| US8045512B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2011-10-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Scalable frequency band operation in wireless communication systems |
| US8477684B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2013-07-02 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Acknowledgement of control messages in a wireless communication system |
| US9225416B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2015-12-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Varied signaling channels for a reverse link in a wireless communication system |
| US9225488B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2015-12-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Shared signaling channel |
| US9210651B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2015-12-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for bootstraping information in a communication system |
| US9172453B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for pre-coding frequency division duplexing system |
| US8693405B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2014-04-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | SDMA resource management |
| US8582509B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2013-11-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Scalable frequency band operation in wireless communication systems |
| US8582548B2 (en) | 2005-11-18 | 2013-11-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Frequency division multiple access schemes for wireless communication |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3791575A (en) * | 1971-08-30 | 1974-02-12 | Garrett Corp | Centrifugal separator discharge control system |
| DE8331079U1 (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1985-04-04 | Flottweg-Werk Dr. Georg Bruckmayer GmbH & Co. KG, 8313 Vilsbiburg | SEPARATING CENTRIFUGE |
| DE3409068A1 (en) * | 1984-03-13 | 1985-09-26 | Westfalia Separator Ag, 4740 Oelde | Centrifuge for cutting materials of different thickness |
| US5156586A (en) * | 1990-07-10 | 1992-10-20 | Bardyne | Orbital separator for orbitally separating a mixture |
| DE4105903C2 (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1994-10-06 | Escher Wyss Gmbh | Solid bowl centrifuge as a cleaner for material suspensions |
-
1998
- 1998-01-09 DE DE1998100653 patent/DE19800653A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-01-11 CA CA002317528A patent/CA2317528A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-01-11 WO PCT/EP1999/000114 patent/WO1999035331A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-01-11 EP EP99927569A patent/EP1056904A2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103316782A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-09-25 | 安徽赛而特离心机有限公司 | Drum set of three-phase disc separator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1999035331A2 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
| WO1999035331A3 (en) | 1999-09-10 |
| DE19800653A1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
| EP1056904A2 (en) | 2000-12-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |