CA2277343A1 - Electrical energy storage system - Google Patents

Electrical energy storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2277343A1
CA2277343A1 CA002277343A CA2277343A CA2277343A1 CA 2277343 A1 CA2277343 A1 CA 2277343A1 CA 002277343 A CA002277343 A CA 002277343A CA 2277343 A CA2277343 A CA 2277343A CA 2277343 A1 CA2277343 A1 CA 2277343A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
circuit
storage system
capacitor
base
energy storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002277343A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Marc Boutet
Omar Saaid
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to FR9908727A priority Critical patent/FR2796216B1/en
Priority to CA002277343A priority patent/CA2277343A1/en
Publication of CA2277343A1 publication Critical patent/CA2277343A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

- Système de stockage non polluant d'énergie électrique ~Selon d'invention, le système comprend une base d'alimentation (8,9) reliée à une source d'électricité et un circuit de stockage incluant un régulateur (4) et au moins un condensateur (5) à grande capacité. - Applications : remplacement des piles et accumulateurs.- Non-polluting electrical energy storage system ~ According to the invention, the system comprises a supply base (8,9) connected to a source of electricity and a storage circuit including a regulator (4) and at least a large capacitor (5). - Applications: replacement of batteries and accumulators.

Description

SYST~ME DE STOCKAGE D' >NERGIE ÉI~CTRIQUE _ La présente invention a pour objet un systbme de stockage non polluant d'énergie électrique destiné en particulier, mais non exclusivement, au stockags d'électricitê sous basse tension et faible ampérage.
La solution classique pour stocker uns telle énergie consiste à utilis~r des batteries constituées da produits chimiques et délivrent l'énergie électrique à partir de réactions réversibles (pour les accumulateurs) ou irréversibles ( pour les piles). Ces sources d'énergie présentent l'inconvénient d'avoir une dorés de vie limitéQ
et d'utiliser des mat6riaua polluants nocifs pour l' environneu~ent ce qui génère des coûte élevgs de collecte et de recyclage.
Un premier objet de l'invention est de pallier cet inconvénient et de proposer un circuit de stockage d'énergie électrique propre et pratiquement indéfiniment renouvelable.
Selon l~invention, Ie système de stockage d'énergie électrique est caractérisa en ce qu'il comprend une base d'alimentation relue à une source d'électricité et un circuit de stockage incluant un régulateur et au moins un condensateur.
Le principe de fonctionnement de charge/dëcharge des condensateurs est purement physique. Aucune réaction chimique n'est nécessaire pour charger le condensateur dont la capacité est supérieure à 0,22 Farads (variant par exemple de 0,22 à plusieurs milliers de Farads), de faible encombrement pouvant conserver une charge appréciable pendant unQ durée de l'ordre du mois. La durée de viQ
(sup6rieure à 100.000 cycles de charge/décharge) est, bien entendu, supérieure à celle des piles et accumulateurs. Les condensateurs utilisés selon l'invention dito "doubla couche" ou condensateurs "OR" présentent l'avantage d'avoir
> ENERGY ÉI ~ CTRIQUE _ STORAGE SYSTEM _ The subject of the present invention is a storage system non-polluting electrical energy intended in particular, but not exclusively, at low electricity storage voltage and low amperage.
The classic solution for storing such energy is to use ~ r batteries made da products chemicals and deliver electrical energy from reversible reactions (for accumulators) or irreversible (for batteries). These sources of energy have the disadvantage of having a limited life walleye and use harmful pollutants for the environment which generates high collection costs and recycling.
A first object of the invention is to overcome this disadvantage and to propose an energy storage circuit clean and practically indefinitely renewable electricity.
According to the invention, the energy storage system electric is characterized in that it includes a base of power re-read to a source of electricity and a storage circuit including a regulator and at least one capacitor.
The principle of charge / discharge operation capacitors is purely physical. No reaction chemical is necessary to charge the capacitor whose the capacity is greater than 0.22 Farads (varying by example from 0.22 to several thousand Farads), of low space that can keep a significant load for a period of the order of the month. The duration of viQ
(greater than 100,000 charge / discharge cycles) is, well understood, superior to that of batteries and accumulators. The capacitors used according to the invention dito "doubla layer "or" OR "capacitors have the advantage of having

2 de faibles durées de chargement et de pouvoir stocker des charges importantes. Le champ électrique rësulte de l'accumulation des charges électrostatiques entre ces doubles couches. Le ou les condensateurs de stockage sont normalement déchargés par le branchement d'appareils utilisateurs, le courant de fuite étant pratiquement négligeable par rapport au courant consommé par l'appareil utilisateur.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le transfert entre la base et le circuit de stockage est effectua par induction électromagnêtique. Dans ce cas, il n'est pas nécessaire qu'il y ait un contact physique entre la base et le circuit. Hien entendu, ce couplage nécessite un courant de base alternatif 'à une fréquence variant, par exemple, entre 20 Hz et 20 Mfiz_ vans le cas d'un transfert électromagnétique, cela implique un redressement et une régulation de la tension. La distance entre la base d'alimentation et le circuit de stockage pouvant ainsi âtre relativement grande puisque le circuit de stockage inclût un circuit résonant formant antenne.
Dans. un second mode de réalisation, la base al3.mente le circuit de stockage en courant continu, la liaison entre la source et le circuit s'effectuant par contact. Le courant continu peût provenir soit d'une source continue, soit d'une source alternative, le courant étant redressé.
selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, un circuit de contre-réaction permet d'informer l'utilisateur de l'état de charge du condensateur.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaitront au cours de la description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réali:ation, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple non limi.tati.f, en regard des dessins qui représentent s
2 short loading times and the ability to store significant charges. The electric field results from the accumulation of electrostatic charges between these double layers. The storage capacitor (s) are normally discharged by connecting devices users, the leakage current being practically negligible compared to the current consumed by the device user.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the transfer between the base and the storage circuit is carried out by electromagnetic induction. In this case, it is not necessary that there is physical contact between the base and the circuit. Of course, this coupling requires a current basic alternative 'at a varying frequency, for example, between 20 Hz and 20 Mfiz_ in the case of a transfer electromagnetic, this implies a rectification and a voltage regulation. The distance between the base supply and the storage circuit can thus be relatively large since the storage circuit includes a resonant circuit forming antenna.
In. a second embodiment, the base al3.mente le DC storage circuit, the connection between the source and circuit operated by contact. The flow continuous could come either from a continuous source or from a alternative source, the current being rectified.
according to another characteristic of the invention, a circuit feedback to inform the user of the status charging of the capacitor.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during the following description of particular modes of realization: ation, given only as example not limi.tati.f, next to the drawings which represent s

3 La figure 1, une vue du circuit de stockage avec couplage entre la base et 1Q circuit par une liaison lectxo~aagntique;

- la figure 2, une vue du circuit de la figure 1 avec un circuit de contre-raction;

la figure 3, uri schma par blocs avec liaison lectromagntique;

- la figure 4, un schma par blocs dans le cas d'une liaison par contact;

- la figure 5, un exemple de connexion de condensateurs permettant l'obtention de capacits de fort es valeurs;

- la figure 6, une connexion en srie de condensateurs pennattant l'obtention de tassions lsv6es.

Sur l'ensemble des figures, les mémes références d6signent les niâmes éléments. Sur les figures 1 et 2, la liaison entre la base (représentée sur la figure 3) et le circuit de stockage est une liaison inductive. Les éléments du circuit peuvent âtre considérés comme appartenant à trois sous-ensembles le soue ensemble bobine 1 (ou antenne) et capacité
d'accord 2 permettant d'induire la puissance électrique émise par la source, le redresseur 3 délivre en sortie un courant redressé qui est filtré et régulé dans le régulateur
3 Figure 1, a view of the storage circuit with coupling between the base and 1Q circuit by a link lectxo ~ aagntique;

- Figure 2, a view of the circuit of Figure 1 with a feedback circuit;

Figure 3, uri block diagram with link electromagnetic;

- Figure 4, a block diagram in the case of a contact bonding;

- Figure 5, an example of connecting capacitors allowing the obtaining of capacities of strong values;

- Figure 6, a series connection of capacitors pennattant obtaining lsv6es tampons.

Throughout the figures, the same references denote the niâmes elements. In Figures 1 and 2, the connection between the base (shown in Figure 3) and the circuit storage is an inductive link. The elements of the circuit can be considered as belonging to three sub-all the soue together coil 1 (or antenna) and capacity agree 2 to induce electrical power emitted by the source, rectifier 3 outputs a rectified current which is filtered and regulated in the regulator

4. L~ condensateur 2 classique permet de constituer le circuit résonant LC aux bornes duquel est branché le circuit redresseur 6 constitué par un pont de diodes 3 dont la sortie est connectée à l'entrée d'un régulateur de filtrage 4. La sortie du rëgulateur 4 est connectée à l'armature positive d'un condensateur de stockage 5 dont la seconde armature est à la masse. La tension continue régulée utile est disponible entre les deux armatures du condensateur 5.
La figure 2 est analogue â la figure 1 à ceci~prèa qu'un circuit de contre-riaction 7 est coaaecté entre l'armature positive du condensateur de stockage 5 et le circuit oscillant 1,2. Le sous ensemble 7 est essentiellement constitué d'une entrée analogique/numirigue et fournit en sortie une guantification de la valeur de la tension aux bornes du condensateur de stockage 5. Ce signal module le signal aux bornes de la bobine 1 et de la capacité d'accord 2 et crëe par suite une variation du champ électromagnétique qui est détectée par la basa représentée sur la figure 3,. Le sous-ensemble 7 peut étre plus ou moins complexe en fonction de la précision à obtenir. Conformément à l'invention, on peut ainsi transmettre le niveau de charge du condensateur de stockage 5 à. la base de chargement par l' intertaédiaire du circuit résonant 1,2.
La figure 3 représente, par blocs la base de chargement comprenant de la droite vers la gauche de la figure ,une bobine 10, couplée avec Ia bobine 1 du circuit de stockage, un condensateur d'accord 11 monté en parallèle sur la bobine, un étage oscillateur amplificateur comprenant un oscillateur Z3 suivi d'un driver 12 et un amplificateur démodulateur 14 permet d'amplifier le signal oscillant cet étage étant command6 par un microcontrôleur 15. Le sous-eneemble 14 permet de de3moduler le signal de contre-réaction provenant de l'étage 7 du circuit de stockage. La microcontrbleur traite ce signal et le transmet à
l'afficheur 16. Une liaison 17 interrompt le fonctionnement de l'oscillateur un certain temps aprés que le circuit 7 ait signalé que la charge du condensateur 5 était maximale, ce qui interrompt la charge de celui-ei.
La figure 4 représente un circuit de remplacement des piles et batteries rechargQables par contact direct. A partir d'uns source d'énergie électrique telle que le secteur, la tension du courant est abaissie par un transformat~ur 9 suivi d'un convertisseur courant alternatit/courant continu si nécessaire. La sortie du convertisseur est reliée par l'intermédiaire du régulateur 4 â l'armature positive du condensateur de stockage 5 à laquelle est êgalement connectée une entrée du circuit de contre-réaction 7.
Dans la description qui précède, il a été fait mention d'une capacité de stockage 5 dont la valeur est choisie en fonction da l'utilisation projetée. xl est possible, co~ome rep=ésenté sur les ïigures 5 et 6 de remplacer le condensateur par des montages de plusieurs condensateurs en parallèle (Fig.5) ou en série (F=G.6) pour obtenir, comme en soi connu, soit une plus grande capacitd ou une plus grande tension d'utilisation.
4. The conventional capacitor 2 makes it possible to constitute the LC resonant circuit at the terminals of which the circuit is connected rectifier 6 consisting of a diode bridge 3, the output is connected to the input of a filter regulator 4. The output of regulator 4 is connected to the armature positive of a storage capacitor 5 of which the second frame is grounded. Regulated continuous useful voltage is available between the two plates of capacitor 5.
Figure 2 is similar to Figure 1 to this ~ prèa that feedback circuit 7 is coaected between the armature storage capacitor 5 and circuit oscillating 1,2. The subset 7 is essentially consisting of an analog / digital input and provides output a guarantee of the value of the aux voltage storage capacitor 5 terminals. This signal modulates the signal across coil 1 and the tuning capacitor 2 and consequently creates a variation of the electromagnetic field which is detected by the basa shown in Figure 3 ,. The subset 7 can be more or less complex depending on precision to be obtained. In accordance with the invention, can thus transmit the charge level of the capacitor storage 5 to. the charging base through the resonant circuit 1,2.
FIG. 3 represents, by blocks, the charging base comprising from right to left of the figure, a coil 10, coupled with coil 1 of the storage circuit, a tuning capacitor 11 mounted in parallel on the coil, an amplifier oscillator stage comprising a Z3 oscillator followed by a driver 12 and an amplifier demodulator 14 amplifies the oscillating signal this stage being controlled by a microcontroller 15. The sub-together 14 allows to de3modulate the feedback signal coming from stage 7 of the storage circuit. The microcontroller processes this signal and transmits it to display 16. A link 17 interrupts operation of the oscillator a certain time after circuit 7 has reported that the charge of capacitor 5 was maximum, this who interrupts the charge of this one.
Figure 4 shows a battery replacement circuit and rechargeable batteries by direct contact. From a source of electrical energy such as the sector, the current voltage is lowered by a transformer ~ ur 9 followed by an alternating current / direct current converter if necessary. The converter output is connected by through regulator 4 to the positive armature of the storage capacitor 5 which is also connected an input of the feedback circuit 7.
In the foregoing description, mention has been made of a storage capacity 5 whose value is chosen in depending on the intended use. xl is possible, co ~ ome rep = shown on figures 5 and 6 to replace the capacitor by mounting multiple capacitors in parallel (Fig. 5) or in series (F = G.6) to obtain, as in self known, either greater capacity or greater operating voltage.

5 Les applications de l'invention sont extrêmement nombreuses, le circuit de stockage remplaçant les piles pour toutes les télécoanmandsa, les postes de radio, les téléphones portables, las éclairages de vélo etc.
Alimenté à partir du secteur, la liaison s'effectuant par contact, l'invention trouve une application partiouliàrament intéressante dans les iclairages de secours.
L'énergie stockée peut provenir de toute source d'éleetricité adaptée et notamment du secteur, de cellules solaires, d'une dynamo ou alternateur, d'éoliennes etc. Le système constitue, grâce â son régulateur un étage tampon dans toutes les alimentations Il va de soi gue de nombreuses variantes peuvent être apportées, notamment par substitution de moyens techniques équivalents, sans sortir pour cela du cadre de l'invention.
5 The applications of the invention are extremely numerous, the storage circuit replacing the batteries for all telecoanmandsa, radio sets, telephones portable, bicycle lights etc.
Powered from the mains, the connection being made by contact, the invention finds a partial application interesting in emergency lighting.
Stored energy can come from any source of adapted electricity and in particular of the sector, of cells solar, dynamo or alternator, wind turbines etc. The system constitutes, thanks to its regulator a buffer stage in all power supplies It goes without saying that many variations can be provided, in particular by substitution of technical means equivalent, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS: CLAIMS: 1° Système de stockage d'énergie électrique est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une base d'alimentation reliée à une source d'électricité et un circuit de stockage incluant un régulateur (4) et au moins un condensateur (5) à grande capacité. 1 ° Electric energy storage system is characterized in that it comprises a base connected to a source of electricity and a storage circuit including a regulator (4) and at minus a large capacitor (5). 2° Système de stockage d'émergée électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le transfert d'énergie entre la base et le circuit de stockage est effectué par induction (1,10), le circuit de stockage incluant un circuit oscillant (1,2), un circuit de redresseur (3) et un régulateur (4). 2 ° Electric emergence storage system according to the claim 1, characterized in that the transfer of energy between the base and the storage circuit is performed by induction (1.10), the storage circuit including an oscillating circuit (1,2), a circuit rectifier (3) and a regulator (4). 3° Système de stockage d'énergie électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le transfert d'énergie entre la base et le circuit de stockage est effectué par contact, le condensateur (5) étant alimenté en courant continu. 3 ° Electric energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer of energy between the base and the storage circuit is made by contact, the capacitor (5) being supplied with direct current. 4° Système de stockage d'énergie électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisa en ce que un circuit de contre-réaction (7) est connecté entre l'électrode positive du condensateur (5) et un microcontrôleur (15) de la base, un afficheur (16) de celle-ci indiquant l'état de charge du condensateur. 4 ° Electric energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that a circuit feedback (7) is connected between the electrode positive of the capacitor (5) and a microcontroller (15) of the base, a display (16) thereof indicating the state of charge of the capacitor. 5° Système de stockage d'énergie électrique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la base connectée à une source d'énergie électrique comprend, lorsque la source délivre un courant alternatif, un transformateur (9), un convertisseur (8) dont une sortie est reliée à une entrée du régulateur (4). 5 ° Electric energy storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base connected to a source of electrical energy understands, when the source delivers a current AC, transformer (9), converter (8) an output of which is connected to an input of the regulator (4).
CA002277343A 1999-07-06 1999-07-06 Electrical energy storage system Abandoned CA2277343A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9908727A FR2796216B1 (en) 1999-07-06 1999-07-06 ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
CA002277343A CA2277343A1 (en) 1999-07-06 1999-07-06 Electrical energy storage system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9908727A FR2796216B1 (en) 1999-07-06 1999-07-06 ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
CA002277343A CA2277343A1 (en) 1999-07-06 1999-07-06 Electrical energy storage system

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