CA2020464A1 - Soft magnetic steel materials of iron base - Google Patents
Soft magnetic steel materials of iron baseInfo
- Publication number
- CA2020464A1 CA2020464A1 CA002020464A CA2020464A CA2020464A1 CA 2020464 A1 CA2020464 A1 CA 2020464A1 CA 002020464 A CA002020464 A CA 002020464A CA 2020464 A CA2020464 A CA 2020464A CA 2020464 A1 CA2020464 A1 CA 2020464A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- flux density
- soft magnetic
- magnetic flux
- iron base
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Steel Electrode Plates (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention relates to soft magnetic ferrous materials of an iron base, having high magnetic permeabilities.
The ferrous materials are composed of basic pure iron contents and Al: 0.5 to 2.5%, and T: 0.005 to 1.0% as required, having ferrite crystal grain diameters of more than 0.5 mm, showing magnetic flux density in 0.5 Oe of more than 11000 G under a condition that lattice strains are all removed, magnetic flux density in 25 Oe of more than 15500 G, and a coercive force of not more than 0.4 Oe.
The present invention relates to soft magnetic ferrous materials of an iron base, having high magnetic permeabilities.
The ferrous materials are composed of basic pure iron contents and Al: 0.5 to 2.5%, and T: 0.005 to 1.0% as required, having ferrite crystal grain diameters of more than 0.5 mm, showing magnetic flux density in 0.5 Oe of more than 11000 G under a condition that lattice strains are all removed, magnetic flux density in 25 Oe of more than 15500 G, and a coercive force of not more than 0.4 Oe.
Description
2~32~
O ~i7 S P E C I F I C A 'r I o M
SOFT MAGNETIC STEEL MATERIALS OF IRON BASE
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to soft magnetic ~e~
materl~s of an iron base where ~ DC magnetization properties are required such as an electromagnetic core or a magneti sh~ /d.~
~ materlal.
BACICGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Soft irons or pure irons obtained at relatively cheap costs or very e~pensive permalloy or supermalIoy have been used c, sh ;e ld ,~
as DC electromagnetic iron cores, or magneti~ ~G}ee=}*~
materials of medical appliances, physical machinery, electronic parts or appliances which have recently been remar~able especially in ~development~ L~E~7~Ei~ A magneti.c flux density ~ as 'IB1 value"~h ~ :~, 1 Oe~of the soft ~ ~ ~.~ It h~s iron or the pure iron is about 3000 to 11000 G. ~4~_h~4e been G ~h.~ld ;~
used as the magneti ~ ~}ee~n~ materials of MRI (tomogram diagnosis apparatus by:~ a: nuclear magnetic resonance) or those , 5~ up~ t~/~
~ aroun ~ several gausses or as e ectromagnetic iron core materials.
In~ ~the usage where~ the DC~ magnet}zation ~property lS
important~ w~ u~ }~m~e-~ problems of conventional v~ ~he c 5hiel.~ h~ ~ w;ll !be :d~c~
techni~ques~ ~h~Y~#~ the magneti~ ~e~0~s as~ an example~
The ~pure~ iron~which is cheap at cost and high in a saturated 2~2~
s~
magnetization has been used to the magneti~ eEee~i-~ of MRI.
~rQd4 j~Q t~
Even an O ~ (concretely, JIS C2504 SUYPo) require~ ~most severe properties in JIS -~ ~d~L-~L~
~ cc~ti~n, o~
specif~ \/electrogamnetic soft irons w~e~ ~ob~a~t~ r4~-~he d~ ~x==~rQ~t~--&&~-specifies a loweæ limit o l~ ,~us ; t, ~ t~ elJ ;n the B1 value a~ 8000 G. ~ is difficult`to ~ ~-mag~eS~
~ le a level of ~ earth magnetism ~ ~3~e~, and a ` o~ a l~vel s/
-7~y~ff f~æ=-~e~e~ u ~e~5m lower than several gaus~es be~o~.e I knowu~
has ~ bulky. A Fe-Ni alloy 'as the permalloy or supermalloy is sometimes used for more effective~ e5~ ~ 7. Those materials are possible to screen the magnetism lower than the earth magnetism but they are very expensive, and further their `saturated magnetizations are as low as 1/3 to 2/3 of that of ~ ;h,~ `n~ ~h~ er the pure iron. For se~ee~*~ a high magnetic field, ~ thickness must be increased extremely. In cithoE~ good deal of their use is c _ v dif~icult~ P~ a~ eco~u~lc~l Vt~W po;~t~t `.
Taking the above mentioned situations 1nto consideration, some studies have been made on heightening of the magnetic permeability without spoiling the high saturated magnetization of the pure iron materials. They are, for example, methods taught in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-45443, Japanese~
Patent Laid Open No. 62-77420 or "Developments of Ultra Thick Electromagnetic Steel Platesl' mentioned in No.S of vol~23, (published in 1984) by ~Japan Metal~Society. Each of these methods aims at ~ improving of the ~ magnetic permeability panying with coarsenlng of ferrite crystal grains. ~owever, .~ . .
those techno~logles~ Iimit objects to hot rolled plates of small :
:
- -:,, ' : . :
, 2 ~
thickness, or they could not accomplish more than 11000 G with a,~ 0 the magnetic flux densit ~ call~d as 'IBo 5 value" hereinafter)~
L-5==~=~h~_~ ~ more severe DC ma~ zation property is (7rnv3 ~hQv h~ve ~t ~e~ s~;C~nt ~d~be ~se ~he~e~
appreciated as ,he present invention.-Up~
U~ the presentJ ~-0~m6l~Y~ such materials have not a~nd ~67e ~nQ~Ietic p4~ ab;1~ s hl~ t~t is I
yet been offered that the saturate'd' magn'et'iz''a'ti'c'~n'ls ~lC~
high magnetic flux density is revealed in a low magnetic fielc1 corresponding to an extent of the earth magnetismç/~ tl~ ~- is~
t~e--ffla~rt~e--~ -is l~i~h. It is an object of the invention to offer such materials.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
For solving the above st~ated problems, the inventors made investigations on lndustrial pure irons which were ~c_ o~
soft magnetic materlals for the DC magnetic fleld ~ clear~
defects thereof, ~ obtained knowledge under mentioned.
~0~ ~ Pb~
From standpoints o~ - ~e~R~ the high magnetic permeability, ~llo~ln~ proc~d~re~ ~e~e ~Du~d tDb~ eff~Ctl`u~D (I) ~h~ ~d~l`tlG~ af ~ J
h-~ n=-o~---- ~ ve deoxidation possible, improves the magnetic permeability in company with decreasings of an oxygen amount and oxid _ , and lowe ~ s~olute ~ ul to the magnetic ~ t ~ P~eC;p;t~ ~
permeability`by ~ ~al~ ~ ~2) The addition of a certain CDa~S eh j~q ~1 necessary amount enables hc~iona of finely~ scatter~*g~ ~lN~
redu~e ch~ bad influences of~AlN ~ themselv~s~as low as ~possi-b-le, and~considerably accelerates coarsening of ferrite ~tysb~ grains by~th& annealing whicll is an instr~ument to remoYe t~e lattice~ strains, and eaC}I of these effects is ~profitable :
:: :: :: : : :: :: : : :
:
', - 2 ~ 6~
to the improvement of the permeablity; (3) Especially the ~0~ ! 5 ~
addition of more than O.5-~ k~ ~ remarkably transformation C~Y~ ~ U ~
temperatures, or ~ provide a-r~---rite ~i~h~ phase, and enables annealing~ at temperatures exceeding 900C without introducing strain~ by the~F~a~sformation, accordingly. The annealing ~
hi~h tc~pcratur{~ brings about removal of lattice strain~
and the coarsening of the ferrite ~-L~ grains. The improvement of the magnetic permeability of solute Al itself may be also considered, but by synergetic effects thereof, very excellent permeability may be provided; (4) If Ti is added as required, the solute N is preferentially fixed by Ti and attributes to the improvement of the properties, so that an eff ~t is not required for decreasing N content1/0 From a ~ h;~h~-~o!leuJed ~;Y,d.~s ~ e_Ob~Lin~dL~
standpoint of holding the saturated magnetlzation (5) Al addition exceeding 2.5% should be avoided; (6) If C and N
amounts are ~ , the transformatlon temperature lowers, or the necessary ~amount o Al increases. Further, the properties are deteriorated by the increment of the lattice strain by ~ : p~ecipit~l`o~s 1 increasings of solute C and N or ~b~ R~ carbides and nitrides. The inventors found upper limits of C and ~ amounts fo~ avoiding them, and accomplished the present invention.
fe~au~
A first invention is to offer soft magnetic~ mater ls ~`
of an iron base, composed of Al: 0.5 to 2.5 wt~, Si: not more than 1~.0~wt~,~ C+N: not more than 0.007 wt~, Mn: not more than : ~ :
O.S ;wt%, oxygen: not more than 0.005 wt%, the rest~ being Fe and~ ~unavoidable impurities; having ferrite ~ crystal grain~
diameters~ of more than 0.5 mm, showing magnetic flux density ~
: ~ ;
`
~2~
in 0~5 Oe being more than 11000 G , magnetic flux density in 25 Oe being more than 15500 G, and a coercive force of not more than 0.4 Oe under a condition that lattice strains are all removed .
A second inven-tion is to offer soft magnetic ~ee~ mate.rials of an iron base, composed of ~l: 0.5 to 2.5 wt%, Si: not more than 1.0 wt%, C+N: not more than 0.014 wt%, Mn- not more than 0.5 wt~, oxygen: not more than 0.005 wt%, Ti: 0~005 to 1.0 wt%, the rest being Fe and unavoidable impurities; having ferrite crystal grain diameters of more than 0.5 mm, showing magnetic flux density in 0.5 Oe being more than 11000 G, magnetic flux density in 25 Oe being more than 15500 G, and a coercive force of not more than 0.4 Oe under a conditlon that lattice strains are all removed .
`':
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS ~
Fig. ~ is a diagram showing relation between CfN content and the DC magnetization property (Bo 5 value);~; and . - .
Fig. ~ is a diagram showing.~relation between sol.Al addition and the DC magnetization property (Bo 5 value and B25 value).
: ~ ~
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION ; ~
An explanation will be made to reasons for limiting the chemical composition of~this invention. ~
It is preferable to ~decrease C and N as low as;:possible :
for securing an excellent DC magnetization property, but an utmost decrease is difficult in~ industrial production since - -~ C~ I~ S ~ i S ` ~
it i~ ~s extr~me cost-up. In view of ~ the trans-formation temperature by Al addition, if the amount of C addition is not controlled to be low, the amount of Al addition should ;Y~ c}-e ~5~d be ~u&h, resultin~ in lowering the saturated magnetization, which is contrary to the intention of the invention. Fi shows that the annealing is carried out under ordinary conditions at temperatures between 1000 and 1100C, thereby to remove the lattice strains, and then a change of the DC magnetization property is taken as a change of Bo 5 value so as to study influences of C+N contents. According to this study, it is seen that the C+N content should be not more than 0.007~ for providing satisfactory properties. Thus, C~N is determined `to be not more than 0.007~ in the invention.
Ti is added as required which is a strong nitride former as said later. Ti addition is for decreasing the above said harms of N without severely specifying an upper limit of N
resulting in high costs. Therefore, in this case, the upper llmit of C~N is determined to be 0.014%.
Si contributes to the improvement of the magnetic perme-ability, but since coarse ferrite crystal grains~of more than 0.5 mm may be~ obtained by ~the Al addltlon after an anneallng, the upper~ limit ls 1.0% for avoiding low rlng of the saturatec1 magnetizatlon~and the cost-up by much addition.
Since Mn deteriorates the DC magnetization propèrty, ~ C~eS
lower~g is~ desirable, but an extreme lowering ~ ~s the cost-up and~ the increase of N oontent. Further, this element also ~ ~a hot brlttleness by fixing s. It may be contained - . : . .
: . , ~ . :
, :. , ; , ,:, ' . :.... . , -: ~ , . . ..
~ h~
0.5% as an upper limit within a range that Mn/S s not lower than 10.
Al is, as said above, the most important element of this invention. It brings about the f iY~ of the solute N r the ~oa~s~ s;
cch~i~ of AlN sra~ns, and the ~ h-t~ of the transformatior o nd c~s ~ ~LSe ~e~o~ ~
temperature ~ ults~thereby expand~ a ferrite ~ ~ o that this element accomplishes the coarsening of the ferrite grains and the decreasing of the lattice strain~ by the annealing.
~ o~4l it, ~tiS~ ts~/
iS assumed ~o mprove~ the D magnetization property,b~
pl~e s e~
~o-}u~e~ l tssl~ Thus, in the~nvention, this element must be added for providing the excellent DC magnetization property.
As seen in Fig. ~ such effect of Al may be obtained by adding ~ QI~e more than 0.5% in a ~0rm of sol.Al. On the other hand, it is undesirable to add exceedingly 2.5~, because B25 value is lowered by decreasing the saturated magnetization. Al addition is determined to be O.S to 2.5% in the ~4~m of sol.Al~
Ti is the strong nitride former as said above. If adding it 0.005 to 1.0%, it is possible to avoid conslderable damages of the DC magnetization property by a fixing ~t_-o~ solute N even in such materials where N content is not fully decreased~
that is, cheap materials. If the N content is relatively low, the generating amount of~nitrlde ~ea~ are low, and the DC
magnetization property may be expected to be improved morè or less, accordingly. The Tl~addition of more th~an the;upper limit deterirates~the DC magnetization property.
If the chemical composition is limited~as above according to the lnvention, such ~ ~materials may ~e produced which :
,.",. : .
. .
2 ~
have the high Bo 5 value and B2S value, that is, the excellent soft magnetic properties in the DC magnetic field.
The - ~ l materials of the invention include hot ~70rked, cold worked and warm worked materials, and include these kinds of ~* plates, ~n sheets, bar ~ érials (shape steels, etc.), forged materials, and others.
~Le ~I-vu~
The ~e~l materials of the invention may be produced by the hot working process of cast pieces, the warm or cold working proceses of as-cast pieces, the hot working followed by cold or warm working process, the direct-rolling process, the anneal-ing (ordinarily more than 450CJ between the workings in the above respective pxocesses, and others. In each of them, a ~final annealing is performed at the temperatures of ordinarily more than 900C, preferably 1000 to 1300C.
EXAMPLE
Table 1 shows chemical compositions of the inventive and comparative examples.
Steels B-G, J, L, N-T, V-X, and Z belong to the composit--ion of the invention, and Steels A, El, I, K, M, U, Y and a are the comparative examples. Table 2 shows results that the steels of Table 1 were made ingots of 110 mm~thickness after bee~-~eL~en, hot rolled into thickness of 15 mm at a temperature of 1200~C, and measured, after the~annealing, with respect to the DC magnetization properties and the ferrite crystal grain diameters. The annealings were performed under ordinary condit-ions oi heatlng- ~ y tlme for 1 to 3 hours and cooling ' - , . : .
- . : ,: : , , , :
: ': ;: : ,: ' , . . ..
- : , :
~ -2 ~
rates of 100C/hr to 500C/hr.
In Table 2, the influences of the sol.Al contents ~ere studied in Nos.1 to 9 and No.21, and No.21 was a comparative example of the pure iron.
Nos.10 to 13 and No.25 studied influences of the C+N
content. Fig.~ shows these results, to which the result of No~4 was added. According to these results, it is recognized that in a case of no Ti-addition, when the C~N content exceeds 0.007%, Bo 5 value is deteriorated.
Nos.14 to 16 studied influences of the Mn contentsr where the DC magnetization was deteriorated as increasing o Mn content, but it might be assumed that a desirable property was secured in a range not exceeding 0.56.
Nos.17 to 20 studied influences of the Si contents, where the magnetic flux densities tBo 5 value, B1 value and B25 value) were lowered by lowering of the saturated magnetlzation along with the increasing of Si, but desirable properties were still secured. Further, since it is known that the Si addition increases a proper reslstance of the steel as Al, the material ~was cold rolled into a thin sheet, and whén using to soft ~ ~e!r~o~
magnetic ~b~l materlals to be used in AC magnetic field, the decreasing of iron losses may be expected.
Nos.22~ to Z4, No.26~ and No.27~ stùdied lnfluences of Ti additions. Since N~was ~ixed by adding Ti, preferable properties were acknowledged. No.23 is ~an inventive steel where Ti was :
added to~ a steel equivalent to No.11 (comparative steel). No.2~6 is an inventive steel where Ti was ~added to a steel equivalent : ~ : :
:: ~ , : ~ ' `
to No.25 (comparative steel). In each of them, in spite of C~N ~ O.Q07%, N was fully fixed by Ti, and they were largely improved in comparison with the comparative ones of No~11 and No.25.
Table 3 shows results that some steels of Table 1 were hot rolled, and cold rolled into thin sheets, and subjected to the ordinary annealings, and studied in the DC magnetization properties as in Table 2. The cold reduction rates shown in the inventive examples and the comparative ones were 50 to 80~.
In Table 3, No.1 and No.2 were the comparative examples of Steel U, while Nos.3 to 6 were the inventive steels which reveal the desirable DC magnetization properties in comparison with the comparative examples of Nos 1 and 2.
In each of Tables 2:and 3, the inventive steels have the desirable DC magnetization properties, and are all moxe than 0.5 mm in the ferrite crystal grain diameters~
~' ~
~ :~
: ~:
, ~ ;
:
::: ;
r ~ ~ -- -- -- r ~ i ~ ~ 2 _ _ C _ __ _ C _ _ r c O tn t~ J~ O O
~ O O O
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . - - - - -- 1- - -- - - - - - - -cr ) O I ~ C~l O I_ O O CO oO t O C~O t O C O GO O C`l O ~1 . ~ O C ~ C~ tO 00 I r~ L~
~ C~ ~ C`l C`l ~1 ~ ~ ~ ,_~ ,_~ ~ O O O .-1 .-1 ~ ~ ~ O ~ C`~ ~ ~ C`l ~
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O ~`I O O O O O O
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O C::. O O O O
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ t~ a> tO ~ GO ~1 t~ ~ O tD tD Cl~ a~ ~ C~l (O ti~ '-:1' ~r 1~ O r-l tO ~-- 1~ GO
0~ ~_1 O ~( O O r-l ~_1 ~ ,_( ~ C~l O O ~1 1_1 ,_1 r~l ~1 ,_1 ~1 ~ ~1 ~1 O t`- tO O
, O O O O O O O O O O r~l O O O O O O O O O O O ~1 O O O O
O ~i7 S P E C I F I C A 'r I o M
SOFT MAGNETIC STEEL MATERIALS OF IRON BASE
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to soft magnetic ~e~
materl~s of an iron base where ~ DC magnetization properties are required such as an electromagnetic core or a magneti sh~ /d.~
~ materlal.
BACICGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Soft irons or pure irons obtained at relatively cheap costs or very e~pensive permalloy or supermalIoy have been used c, sh ;e ld ,~
as DC electromagnetic iron cores, or magneti~ ~G}ee=}*~
materials of medical appliances, physical machinery, electronic parts or appliances which have recently been remar~able especially in ~development~ L~E~7~Ei~ A magneti.c flux density ~ as 'IB1 value"~h ~ :~, 1 Oe~of the soft ~ ~ ~.~ It h~s iron or the pure iron is about 3000 to 11000 G. ~4~_h~4e been G ~h.~ld ;~
used as the magneti ~ ~}ee~n~ materials of MRI (tomogram diagnosis apparatus by:~ a: nuclear magnetic resonance) or those , 5~ up~ t~/~
~ aroun ~ several gausses or as e ectromagnetic iron core materials.
In~ ~the usage where~ the DC~ magnet}zation ~property lS
important~ w~ u~ }~m~e-~ problems of conventional v~ ~he c 5hiel.~ h~ ~ w;ll !be :d~c~
techni~ques~ ~h~Y~#~ the magneti~ ~e~0~s as~ an example~
The ~pure~ iron~which is cheap at cost and high in a saturated 2~2~
s~
magnetization has been used to the magneti~ eEee~i-~ of MRI.
~rQd4 j~Q t~
Even an O ~ (concretely, JIS C2504 SUYPo) require~ ~most severe properties in JIS -~ ~d~L-~L~
~ cc~ti~n, o~
specif~ \/electrogamnetic soft irons w~e~ ~ob~a~t~ r4~-~he d~ ~x==~rQ~t~--&&~-specifies a loweæ limit o l~ ,~us ; t, ~ t~ elJ ;n the B1 value a~ 8000 G. ~ is difficult`to ~ ~-mag~eS~
~ le a level of ~ earth magnetism ~ ~3~e~, and a ` o~ a l~vel s/
-7~y~ff f~æ=-~e~e~ u ~e~5m lower than several gaus~es be~o~.e I knowu~
has ~ bulky. A Fe-Ni alloy 'as the permalloy or supermalloy is sometimes used for more effective~ e5~ ~ 7. Those materials are possible to screen the magnetism lower than the earth magnetism but they are very expensive, and further their `saturated magnetizations are as low as 1/3 to 2/3 of that of ~ ;h,~ `n~ ~h~ er the pure iron. For se~ee~*~ a high magnetic field, ~ thickness must be increased extremely. In cithoE~ good deal of their use is c _ v dif~icult~ P~ a~ eco~u~lc~l Vt~W po;~t~t `.
Taking the above mentioned situations 1nto consideration, some studies have been made on heightening of the magnetic permeability without spoiling the high saturated magnetization of the pure iron materials. They are, for example, methods taught in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-45443, Japanese~
Patent Laid Open No. 62-77420 or "Developments of Ultra Thick Electromagnetic Steel Platesl' mentioned in No.S of vol~23, (published in 1984) by ~Japan Metal~Society. Each of these methods aims at ~ improving of the ~ magnetic permeability panying with coarsenlng of ferrite crystal grains. ~owever, .~ . .
those techno~logles~ Iimit objects to hot rolled plates of small :
:
- -:,, ' : . :
, 2 ~
thickness, or they could not accomplish more than 11000 G with a,~ 0 the magnetic flux densit ~ call~d as 'IBo 5 value" hereinafter)~
L-5==~=~h~_~ ~ more severe DC ma~ zation property is (7rnv3 ~hQv h~ve ~t ~e~ s~;C~nt ~d~be ~se ~he~e~
appreciated as ,he present invention.-Up~
U~ the presentJ ~-0~m6l~Y~ such materials have not a~nd ~67e ~nQ~Ietic p4~ ab;1~ s hl~ t~t is I
yet been offered that the saturate'd' magn'et'iz''a'ti'c'~n'ls ~lC~
high magnetic flux density is revealed in a low magnetic fielc1 corresponding to an extent of the earth magnetismç/~ tl~ ~- is~
t~e--ffla~rt~e--~ -is l~i~h. It is an object of the invention to offer such materials.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
For solving the above st~ated problems, the inventors made investigations on lndustrial pure irons which were ~c_ o~
soft magnetic materlals for the DC magnetic fleld ~ clear~
defects thereof, ~ obtained knowledge under mentioned.
~0~ ~ Pb~
From standpoints o~ - ~e~R~ the high magnetic permeability, ~llo~ln~ proc~d~re~ ~e~e ~Du~d tDb~ eff~Ctl`u~D (I) ~h~ ~d~l`tlG~ af ~ J
h-~ n=-o~---- ~ ve deoxidation possible, improves the magnetic permeability in company with decreasings of an oxygen amount and oxid _ , and lowe ~ s~olute ~ ul to the magnetic ~ t ~ P~eC;p;t~ ~
permeability`by ~ ~al~ ~ ~2) The addition of a certain CDa~S eh j~q ~1 necessary amount enables hc~iona of finely~ scatter~*g~ ~lN~
redu~e ch~ bad influences of~AlN ~ themselv~s~as low as ~possi-b-le, and~considerably accelerates coarsening of ferrite ~tysb~ grains by~th& annealing whicll is an instr~ument to remoYe t~e lattice~ strains, and eaC}I of these effects is ~profitable :
:: :: :: : : :: :: : : :
:
', - 2 ~ 6~
to the improvement of the permeablity; (3) Especially the ~0~ ! 5 ~
addition of more than O.5-~ k~ ~ remarkably transformation C~Y~ ~ U ~
temperatures, or ~ provide a-r~---rite ~i~h~ phase, and enables annealing~ at temperatures exceeding 900C without introducing strain~ by the~F~a~sformation, accordingly. The annealing ~
hi~h tc~pcratur{~ brings about removal of lattice strain~
and the coarsening of the ferrite ~-L~ grains. The improvement of the magnetic permeability of solute Al itself may be also considered, but by synergetic effects thereof, very excellent permeability may be provided; (4) If Ti is added as required, the solute N is preferentially fixed by Ti and attributes to the improvement of the properties, so that an eff ~t is not required for decreasing N content1/0 From a ~ h;~h~-~o!leuJed ~;Y,d.~s ~ e_Ob~Lin~dL~
standpoint of holding the saturated magnetlzation (5) Al addition exceeding 2.5% should be avoided; (6) If C and N
amounts are ~ , the transformatlon temperature lowers, or the necessary ~amount o Al increases. Further, the properties are deteriorated by the increment of the lattice strain by ~ : p~ecipit~l`o~s 1 increasings of solute C and N or ~b~ R~ carbides and nitrides. The inventors found upper limits of C and ~ amounts fo~ avoiding them, and accomplished the present invention.
fe~au~
A first invention is to offer soft magnetic~ mater ls ~`
of an iron base, composed of Al: 0.5 to 2.5 wt~, Si: not more than 1~.0~wt~,~ C+N: not more than 0.007 wt~, Mn: not more than : ~ :
O.S ;wt%, oxygen: not more than 0.005 wt%, the rest~ being Fe and~ ~unavoidable impurities; having ferrite ~ crystal grain~
diameters~ of more than 0.5 mm, showing magnetic flux density ~
: ~ ;
`
~2~
in 0~5 Oe being more than 11000 G , magnetic flux density in 25 Oe being more than 15500 G, and a coercive force of not more than 0.4 Oe under a condition that lattice strains are all removed .
A second inven-tion is to offer soft magnetic ~ee~ mate.rials of an iron base, composed of ~l: 0.5 to 2.5 wt%, Si: not more than 1.0 wt%, C+N: not more than 0.014 wt%, Mn- not more than 0.5 wt~, oxygen: not more than 0.005 wt%, Ti: 0~005 to 1.0 wt%, the rest being Fe and unavoidable impurities; having ferrite crystal grain diameters of more than 0.5 mm, showing magnetic flux density in 0.5 Oe being more than 11000 G, magnetic flux density in 25 Oe being more than 15500 G, and a coercive force of not more than 0.4 Oe under a conditlon that lattice strains are all removed .
`':
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS ~
Fig. ~ is a diagram showing relation between CfN content and the DC magnetization property (Bo 5 value);~; and . - .
Fig. ~ is a diagram showing.~relation between sol.Al addition and the DC magnetization property (Bo 5 value and B25 value).
: ~ ~
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION ; ~
An explanation will be made to reasons for limiting the chemical composition of~this invention. ~
It is preferable to ~decrease C and N as low as;:possible :
for securing an excellent DC magnetization property, but an utmost decrease is difficult in~ industrial production since - -~ C~ I~ S ~ i S ` ~
it i~ ~s extr~me cost-up. In view of ~ the trans-formation temperature by Al addition, if the amount of C addition is not controlled to be low, the amount of Al addition should ;Y~ c}-e ~5~d be ~u&h, resultin~ in lowering the saturated magnetization, which is contrary to the intention of the invention. Fi shows that the annealing is carried out under ordinary conditions at temperatures between 1000 and 1100C, thereby to remove the lattice strains, and then a change of the DC magnetization property is taken as a change of Bo 5 value so as to study influences of C+N contents. According to this study, it is seen that the C+N content should be not more than 0.007~ for providing satisfactory properties. Thus, C~N is determined `to be not more than 0.007~ in the invention.
Ti is added as required which is a strong nitride former as said later. Ti addition is for decreasing the above said harms of N without severely specifying an upper limit of N
resulting in high costs. Therefore, in this case, the upper llmit of C~N is determined to be 0.014%.
Si contributes to the improvement of the magnetic perme-ability, but since coarse ferrite crystal grains~of more than 0.5 mm may be~ obtained by ~the Al addltlon after an anneallng, the upper~ limit ls 1.0% for avoiding low rlng of the saturatec1 magnetizatlon~and the cost-up by much addition.
Since Mn deteriorates the DC magnetization propèrty, ~ C~eS
lower~g is~ desirable, but an extreme lowering ~ ~s the cost-up and~ the increase of N oontent. Further, this element also ~ ~a hot brlttleness by fixing s. It may be contained - . : . .
: . , ~ . :
, :. , ; , ,:, ' . :.... . , -: ~ , . . ..
~ h~
0.5% as an upper limit within a range that Mn/S s not lower than 10.
Al is, as said above, the most important element of this invention. It brings about the f iY~ of the solute N r the ~oa~s~ s;
cch~i~ of AlN sra~ns, and the ~ h-t~ of the transformatior o nd c~s ~ ~LSe ~e~o~ ~
temperature ~ ults~thereby expand~ a ferrite ~ ~ o that this element accomplishes the coarsening of the ferrite grains and the decreasing of the lattice strain~ by the annealing.
~ o~4l it, ~tiS~ ts~/
iS assumed ~o mprove~ the D magnetization property,b~
pl~e s e~
~o-}u~e~ l tssl~ Thus, in the~nvention, this element must be added for providing the excellent DC magnetization property.
As seen in Fig. ~ such effect of Al may be obtained by adding ~ QI~e more than 0.5% in a ~0rm of sol.Al. On the other hand, it is undesirable to add exceedingly 2.5~, because B25 value is lowered by decreasing the saturated magnetization. Al addition is determined to be O.S to 2.5% in the ~4~m of sol.Al~
Ti is the strong nitride former as said above. If adding it 0.005 to 1.0%, it is possible to avoid conslderable damages of the DC magnetization property by a fixing ~t_-o~ solute N even in such materials where N content is not fully decreased~
that is, cheap materials. If the N content is relatively low, the generating amount of~nitrlde ~ea~ are low, and the DC
magnetization property may be expected to be improved morè or less, accordingly. The Tl~addition of more th~an the;upper limit deterirates~the DC magnetization property.
If the chemical composition is limited~as above according to the lnvention, such ~ ~materials may ~e produced which :
,.",. : .
. .
2 ~
have the high Bo 5 value and B2S value, that is, the excellent soft magnetic properties in the DC magnetic field.
The - ~ l materials of the invention include hot ~70rked, cold worked and warm worked materials, and include these kinds of ~* plates, ~n sheets, bar ~ érials (shape steels, etc.), forged materials, and others.
~Le ~I-vu~
The ~e~l materials of the invention may be produced by the hot working process of cast pieces, the warm or cold working proceses of as-cast pieces, the hot working followed by cold or warm working process, the direct-rolling process, the anneal-ing (ordinarily more than 450CJ between the workings in the above respective pxocesses, and others. In each of them, a ~final annealing is performed at the temperatures of ordinarily more than 900C, preferably 1000 to 1300C.
EXAMPLE
Table 1 shows chemical compositions of the inventive and comparative examples.
Steels B-G, J, L, N-T, V-X, and Z belong to the composit--ion of the invention, and Steels A, El, I, K, M, U, Y and a are the comparative examples. Table 2 shows results that the steels of Table 1 were made ingots of 110 mm~thickness after bee~-~eL~en, hot rolled into thickness of 15 mm at a temperature of 1200~C, and measured, after the~annealing, with respect to the DC magnetization properties and the ferrite crystal grain diameters. The annealings were performed under ordinary condit-ions oi heatlng- ~ y tlme for 1 to 3 hours and cooling ' - , . : .
- . : ,: : , , , :
: ': ;: : ,: ' , . . ..
- : , :
~ -2 ~
rates of 100C/hr to 500C/hr.
In Table 2, the influences of the sol.Al contents ~ere studied in Nos.1 to 9 and No.21, and No.21 was a comparative example of the pure iron.
Nos.10 to 13 and No.25 studied influences of the C+N
content. Fig.~ shows these results, to which the result of No~4 was added. According to these results, it is recognized that in a case of no Ti-addition, when the C~N content exceeds 0.007%, Bo 5 value is deteriorated.
Nos.14 to 16 studied influences of the Mn contentsr where the DC magnetization was deteriorated as increasing o Mn content, but it might be assumed that a desirable property was secured in a range not exceeding 0.56.
Nos.17 to 20 studied influences of the Si contents, where the magnetic flux densities tBo 5 value, B1 value and B25 value) were lowered by lowering of the saturated magnetlzation along with the increasing of Si, but desirable properties were still secured. Further, since it is known that the Si addition increases a proper reslstance of the steel as Al, the material ~was cold rolled into a thin sheet, and whén using to soft ~ ~e!r~o~
magnetic ~b~l materlals to be used in AC magnetic field, the decreasing of iron losses may be expected.
Nos.22~ to Z4, No.26~ and No.27~ stùdied lnfluences of Ti additions. Since N~was ~ixed by adding Ti, preferable properties were acknowledged. No.23 is ~an inventive steel where Ti was :
added to~ a steel equivalent to No.11 (comparative steel). No.2~6 is an inventive steel where Ti was ~added to a steel equivalent : ~ : :
:: ~ , : ~ ' `
to No.25 (comparative steel). In each of them, in spite of C~N ~ O.Q07%, N was fully fixed by Ti, and they were largely improved in comparison with the comparative ones of No~11 and No.25.
Table 3 shows results that some steels of Table 1 were hot rolled, and cold rolled into thin sheets, and subjected to the ordinary annealings, and studied in the DC magnetization properties as in Table 2. The cold reduction rates shown in the inventive examples and the comparative ones were 50 to 80~.
In Table 3, No.1 and No.2 were the comparative examples of Steel U, while Nos.3 to 6 were the inventive steels which reveal the desirable DC magnetization properties in comparison with the comparative examples of Nos 1 and 2.
In each of Tables 2:and 3, the inventive steels have the desirable DC magnetization properties, and are all moxe than 0.5 mm in the ferrite crystal grain diameters~
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As stated above, the soft magnetic ~l~ materials of the invention have the excellent DC magnetization properties, and therefore may be easily magnetized even in very weak magnetic fields, and those are useful as iron cores of high function or magnetic ~ ~ ~ materials of high function.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABLITY
The present invention may be applied to soft magnetic materials of iron base where the high DC magnetization properties such as an electromagnetic core and a magneti~
-~ ~4~1 ~ material are required.
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___ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O
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: ~ : ~ :
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~d O O O O O O
~r ~r o o o o .~
c~ al r ~s~ ~r tO ~1 ~ h ~ ~ ~ C~ 0~ C~ Cl~
_ _ _ _ _ _ ~X
. X ~ O h ,_ o o o o o o O O O O O O ~ ~ O a I O ~ ~ ~ a) -rl . ~ - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
. ~ h ~1 ~, I ~ 0 0 _ _ _ _ _ t~ ,_ o Il~ o o u~ o H
~ ~3 ~ o ~. ~ o ~
~:1 H _~
_ _ _ ~ H H ~~ H
~>
¢ H P P a~ 1::~ ~1 ~ :
H E~
_ _ _ _ _ ZO
_ _ ~ ~ ~' m _ :
. . .
.
:
~ .
; ~
:
:
2~2~
~Q~ S
As stated above, the soft magnetic ~l~ materials of the invention have the excellent DC magnetization properties, and therefore may be easily magnetized even in very weak magnetic fields, and those are useful as iron cores of high function or magnetic ~ ~ ~ materials of high function.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABLITY
The present invention may be applied to soft magnetic materials of iron base where the high DC magnetization properties such as an electromagnetic core and a magneti~
-~ ~4~1 ~ material are required.
:
:
~ :
:: : ~ : :: :
.
. . .. , :
Claims (2)
1. Soft magnetic ferrous materials of an iron base, composed of Al: 0.5 to 2.5 wt%, Si: not more than 1.0 wt%, C+N: not more than 0.007 wt%, Mn: not more than 0.5 wt%, oxygen: not more than 0.005 wt%, the rest being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
having ferrite crystal grain diameters of more than 0.5 mm, showing magnetic flux density in 0.5 Oe being more than 11000 G, magnetic flux density in 25 Oe being more than 15500 G, and a coercive force of not more than 0.4 Oe under a condition that lattice strains are all removed .
having ferrite crystal grain diameters of more than 0.5 mm, showing magnetic flux density in 0.5 Oe being more than 11000 G, magnetic flux density in 25 Oe being more than 15500 G, and a coercive force of not more than 0.4 Oe under a condition that lattice strains are all removed .
2. Soft magnetic ferrous materials of an iron base, composed of Al: 0.5 to 2.5 wt%, Si: not more than 1.0 wt%, C+N: not more than 0.014 wt%, Mn: not more than 0.5 wt%, oxygen: not more than 0.005 wt%, Ti: 0.005 to 1.0 wt%, the rest being Fe and unavoidable impurities; having ferrite crystal grain diameters of more than 0.5 mm, showing magnetic flux density in 0.5 Oe being more than 11000 G , magnetic flux density in 25 Oe being more than 15500 G, and a coercive force of not more than 0.4 Oe under a condition that lattice strains are all removed .
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1155026A JP2679258B2 (en) | 1989-06-17 | 1989-06-17 | Iron-based soft magnetic steel |
| JP155,026 | 1989-06-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2020464A1 true CA2020464A1 (en) | 1990-12-18 |
Family
ID=15597047
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002020464A Abandoned CA2020464A1 (en) | 1989-06-17 | 1990-06-18 | Soft magnetic steel materials of iron base |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0429651B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2679258B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR970004566B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1026597C (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2020464A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68913544T2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1990016076A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04265580A (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1992-09-21 | Fujitsu Ltd | Magnetic disk device |
| JP2503125B2 (en) * | 1991-05-09 | 1996-06-05 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Manufacturing method of good electromagnetic plate |
| JP2503124B2 (en) * | 1991-05-09 | 1996-06-05 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Manufacturing method of good electromagnetic thick plate |
| DE4293604C2 (en) * | 1991-10-14 | 1997-04-03 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Soft magnetic steel material and process for its manufacture |
| JPH0770715A (en) * | 1993-09-01 | 1995-03-14 | Nkk Corp | Soft magnetic steel excellent in strain resistance and production thereof |
| JPH0790505A (en) * | 1993-09-27 | 1995-04-04 | Nkk Corp | Soft magnetic steel material and its production |
| CN100334246C (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-08-29 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | False-proof coinage steel and producing method thereof |
| CN103789609A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-05-14 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing electromagnetic pure iron |
| CN104294150B (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-05-18 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Steel and production method thereof for shielding line |
| KR101977507B1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-05-10 | 주식회사 포스코 | Steel sheet for magnetic field shielding and method for manufacturing the same |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60208418A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-21 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Production of thick steel plate having high magnetic permeability for structural member |
| JPS60208417A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-21 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Production of hot-rolled high magnetic permeability iron sheet |
| JPS60207418A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-19 | 株式会社東芝 | Device for protecting main circuit |
-
1989
- 1989-06-17 JP JP1155026A patent/JP2679258B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-08 KR KR1019910700178A patent/KR970004566B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-08 CN CN89109231A patent/CN1026597C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-08 WO PCT/JP1989/001232 patent/WO1990016076A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1989-12-08 EP EP90900342A patent/EP0429651B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-08 DE DE68913544T patent/DE68913544T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-06-18 CA CA002020464A patent/CA2020464A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1990016076A1 (en) | 1990-12-27 |
| KR920700458A (en) | 1992-02-19 |
| EP0429651B1 (en) | 1994-03-02 |
| JP2679258B2 (en) | 1997-11-19 |
| DE68913544T2 (en) | 1994-07-21 |
| JPH0320447A (en) | 1991-01-29 |
| KR970004566B1 (en) | 1997-03-29 |
| EP0429651A1 (en) | 1991-06-05 |
| CN1048237A (en) | 1991-01-02 |
| CN1026597C (en) | 1994-11-16 |
| DE68913544D1 (en) | 1994-04-07 |
| EP0429651A4 (en) | 1991-12-04 |
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