CA1296773C - Trunked communication system for voice and data - Google Patents
Trunked communication system for voice and dataInfo
- Publication number
- CA1296773C CA1296773C CA000557450A CA557450A CA1296773C CA 1296773 C CA1296773 C CA 1296773C CA 000557450 A CA000557450 A CA 000557450A CA 557450 A CA557450 A CA 557450A CA 1296773 C CA1296773 C CA 1296773C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- data
- channel
- data channel
- voice
- subscriber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
- H04W84/08—Trunked mobile radio systems
Abstract
TRUNKED COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
FOR VOICE AND DATA
Abstract A trunked voice/data communication system (100 is provided wherein a plurality of the trunked voice repeaters (104) are adapted (122) to accommodate both voice and data traffic. Data channels are assigned for a dynamically varying period of time depending upon traffic load or time of day. Once a data channel is established, any data unit (114 or 116) may transmit without re-requesting a data channel. In this way, the protracted request grant delay times are avoided. After the time interval, or if higher priority voice traffic exits, the data channel is reallocated to voice traffic.
Thereafter, another data channel request may result in a data channel grant for another time interval.
FOR VOICE AND DATA
Abstract A trunked voice/data communication system (100 is provided wherein a plurality of the trunked voice repeaters (104) are adapted (122) to accommodate both voice and data traffic. Data channels are assigned for a dynamically varying period of time depending upon traffic load or time of day. Once a data channel is established, any data unit (114 or 116) may transmit without re-requesting a data channel. In this way, the protracted request grant delay times are avoided. After the time interval, or if higher priority voice traffic exits, the data channel is reallocated to voice traffic.
Thereafter, another data channel request may result in a data channel grant for another time interval.
Description
lZ9~ 3 Technical Field This invention relate~ generally to trunk~d communications ystems and ~ore particularly to trunked communication system~ that transceive ~otll volce an~ ~ta.
Back~round Art In a basic RF trunked system there exists a high degree of flexibility to partition voice conversations between different groups so that no one group of users is epecifically aware when another group of ugers makes use of the system. Typically, these groups are subdivide~
into subgroups 80 that callq may be made upon eit~er a group, subgroup or individual basis depending upon the ty~e of communication desired by an initiating ~ubscriber.
To establish a voice communication between a group of unit~ operating on a trunked ~stem, a ~ubscriber unit transmits a data packet called an "inbound signalling word" (ISW) on a control ahannel that ig maintainecl ~or such purposes. The ISW contains at least the requesting unit's unique ID code, which may contain or be used to ~ obtain the requesting subscriber's current talk-group.
The request is forwarded to a central controller, which decodes the request, and transmits on the control channel a data packet called an "outbound æignalling word" (OSW) to all subæcriber units, which continuously monitor the control channel when not par~icipating in a voice conversation The OSW is a channel grant which contains the talk-group code of the reque6ting unit, and the voice channel number asæiqned for the conversation. The OSW
causes the requesting unit to move t~ the voice channel and commence transmitting, while simultaneously causing all other subscriber units in the game talk-yroup to move to the voice channel as listening units. In this way a yroup call is set-up. If, however, all voice channels are in use when a subscriber unit transm;ts an ISW, the central controller typically sends the requesting ~ 6ubæcriber a"Busy OSW".
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~2~ 3 lIn addition to voice messages, it is desirable to send data information across a trunked radio channel. In some data systems, a subscriber unit obtains a trunked da~a communication channel via the same procedure used to obtain a voice channel. However, this practice is inefficient and spectrally wasteful, due to the time it takes for a requesting subscri~er to transmit an ISW and rece~e ~ chan~e~ ~r~n~ OS~ fro~ the central and the time it takes to set up and elean-down calls on a voice channel. At contemporary data transmission rates, it is anticipated that an entire typical data message would take substantially less time to transmit than the time required to set up a channel (approximately .5 seconds). Thus, assigning a data channel pursuant to the same procedure as assigning a voice channel would be wasteful of spectrum and consume pr~cious ~y~tem time that could be better used to transmit data messages.
Other trunked communication systems desirous to accommodate data traffic have permanently dedicated one or more channels to handling data traffic. While this avoids the access time problem noted above, this technique is contrary to the ~2Si¢ principles of trunked communication systems, which strive to allocate channel resources across a plurality of users as re~uired. Therefore, the practice 2~ of having dedicated data channels, permanently removed from the channel allocation "pool" of frequencies, is wasteful of spectral resources and leads to inefficient system operation. Moreover, the dedicated data channel systems lack the capacity to dynamically redistribute or allocate ~he data ~raffic load across the available data channels. Such systems typically permanently assign a subscriber unit to a data channel thereby building in future problems as the number of data subscribers increases on a particular channel.
~X~7~3 Accordingly, there exists a need for a trunked communication system that can accommodate both voice and data signals, and that operates in true trunked manner to efficiently utilize spectral resources.
Summary of the Invention Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved trunked communication system.
It is a further object of the present invention to proviae a trunked communication system capable of accommodating both voice and data traf~ic.
It is a further object of the present invention to accommodate data traffic without permanently removing one or more channels from the trunked channel resources.
It i8 yet another object of the present invention to provide a voice/data ~ubscriber unit capable of operating in the trunked communication system of the present inventionO
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a voiceldata subscriber unit capable of operating in a plurality of data modes.
It i~ yet another object of the present invention to provide a trunked voice/data communication system which accommodates prior voice only and data-only subscribers.
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a voice/data trunked communication system which permits prior data-only subscribers to communicate notwithstanding the absence of an assigned data channel.
It is y~t a further object of the present inventio~ to pr~Yide a trunked communication system that minimizes spectrally wasteful access time while providing trunked data communication.
Briefly, according to the invention, a trunked voice/data communication system is provided wherein a 31 ;~9~ 73 plurality of trunked voice reyeaters are adapted to accommodate both voice and data traffic. Data channels are ~hereafter assigned for a dynamically varying period of time depending upon, for instance, traffic load or time of day. Once the sys~em establishes a data channel, any sub¢criber data unit may transmit witho~t re-requesting a data channel. In this way, the protracted re~uest-grant delay times are avoided. After the time interval, or if higher priority voice traffic exists, the data channel may be reallocated to voice traffic. Thereafter, another data channel reguest can result in a similar data channel grant for another time interval on another, or the same, channel.
Brief Description of the Drawings The eatures of the present invention which are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may be understood by reference to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the several figures in which like reference numerals identify like elements, and in which:
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the trunked communication ~ystem of the present invention;
Figs. 2a throuyh 2c are flow diagrams illustrating the steps executed by the fixed-end equipment of Fig. l;
Figs. 3a through 3f are flow diagrams illustrating the steps executed by the voice/data subscribers of Fig. l;
Fig 4 is a state diagram illustrating the operation of the voice/data subscribers of Fig. 1.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment Referring now to the drawings, and in particular to Fig. 1, there is shown a block diagram of the trunked voice/data com~unication system (100) of the present ~.Z~7~3 invention. The centralized or fixed-end equipment compri~es a central controller 102, which is responsible for allocating the channel resources ~repreRented here by repeaters 104a-104N) among the many subscriber units.
Of the available communication channels, one (repeater 104a) is selected to be a voice control channel, which will communicate with any trunked subscriber capable of transmitting voice traffic. ~ypically, the particular repeater selected to be ~he control channel (104a) is periodically changed as a control measure.
Preferably, each o~ the repeaters 104a-~ are capable of operating as a voice channel, control channel, or data channel. To accommodate data traffic, such repeaters are equipped with a data interface 122. The data interfaces 122 are responsible or encoding outbound data, decoding and error correcting inbound data, repeater ¦ control, and providing an interface between the repeater and the network controller 108. Alternately, a predetermined subset o~ the total number of repeaters may be equipped ~or data or use a~ a control channel.
The data network comprise6 at least one host aomputer 106, which is coupled (i.e., wireline host) to a network controller 108. The network controller 108 is responQible for data traffic routing ~nd communicating with the central controller 102 to request the allocation of a data channel. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that if the host computer 106, the network controller 108 and the central controller 102 are co-located, the intercouplings (124-128) may be direct.
However, ahould remote locations be desired, such communications ~ay be maintained throuyh the use of data ~odems as i~ known in the art. Optionally, or additionally, the trunked voice/data communication system 100 may employ one or more radio frequency (RF) coupled 35 host computers 118. The RF host 118 communicates as a ~1.29~7~73 trunked control station via any suitable data transceiver 120. The primary difference between the wireline host 106 and the RF host 118 is that the data subscribers communicate directly (i.e., via both the inbound and outbound frequencies of a data equipped repeater) with the RF host, whereas the wireline host 106 transceives all information via the inbound or outbound frequency of a data equippea r~peater. Accordingly, the data network of the present invention may employ several computers in either a centralized or distributed processing arrangement.
Generally, the fixed-end equipment also includeS
a system manager console 110 that enables the supervisor of a communication service provider to set a number of operational parameters that control the operation of the trunked communic~tion system. Typical examples of such paramet.ers include the maximum number of assignable data channels (if any), whether voice or data will be the priority traffic, and various threshold values that . control when data channels may be added or reallocated to voice traffic. Thus, at any particular time, the trunked communication system of the present invention need not have any ch3nnels allocated for data traffic. Conversely, if ~oice traffic is low, or if data traffic enjoys a priority status or is particularly heavy, one or more channels may be allocated for data communication.
According to the present invention, a predetermined channel ordinarily comprises the first channel to be allocated for data. Preferably, this first assigned data channel ~h~re~a~ter "the master data channel"~ has the sa~e ~requency as any single frequency data-o~ly subscribers (116) to provide maximum compatibility with existing data equipment. Alternately, a random channel may be the f irst assiyned data channel;
however, the multi-channel data-only subscribers may have to scan the available channels to find it. Thus, the 1~967~3 present invention prefers to first assign a selected channel, and, thereafter, assign any other data equipped (122) channel as an additional data channelO
The present invention allocates data channels for S a time interval determined by either the system manager or a default parameter. The length of the allocation period may vary with the time of day, system loading or other such para~eter~. ~y reserving a channel for data use over a time period~ data channel requests are minimized and spectral efficiency is maximized since a data subscriber need not request a data channel for each separate data transmission.
As a general principle, the goal of any trunked communication system is to effectively allocate the limited channel resources amongst a plurality of subscriber unit~. The present invention contemplates three classes of subscriber units: voice-only subscribers 112, voice/data subscribers 114, and data-only subscribers 116. The voice-only subscribers 112 are contemplated to be any existing trunked subscriber unit having a Compatible signalling protocol to allow interaction with the system (100). The data-only subscribers (116) are contemplated to be any multiple or single channel data transceivers such as the KDT 800 , manufactured by Motorola, Inc~ t or functional equivalent. Of course, receive-only data devices, such as any of the Motorola family of display pagers, may also operate to receive paging data over an assigned data channel.
Additionally, the present system contemplates a voiceldata subscriber 114 capable of operating within the trunked system 100. In this way, the trunked system of the present invention accommodates existing equipment, while providing enhanced communication capabilities.
Subscriber units are typically comprised of Pither mobile, portable or control stations. Typically, mo~ile units are ~2~6773 g understood to be transceivers designed to operate in a vehicle A portable unit is typically understood to be a transceiviny or receive-only device designed primarily to be carried on or about the person. Control stations are usually permanent or semi-permanent installations in buildings or other such fixed locations. ~hese are collectively referred to herein as subscriber units, which com~unicate with one another through the fixed-end equipment.
The steps executed by the fixecl-end equipment are illustrated in Figs. 2a through 2c. Referring now to Fig.
2a, in step 200, the central 102 receives a data channel request either from the network controller 108 or from a voice/data subscriber 114. The voice/data subscriber 114 may communicate such a data channel request via the contro~ channel 104a when the sub~criber has data to transmit. The network controller 108 may communicate a similar request over the connection 126 to the central controller in several circumstances to be hereinafter described.
For a single channel data-only subscriber 116 to request a channel, a request may be made over the master data channel to the network controller since the data-only subscribers cannot transceive on the voice control channel. According to the present invention, the _ data-only subscribers ~ay communicate with the network controller irrespective of the fact that no data channels are currently assigned. The reason for this is that a de-keyed repeater continues to operate as a receive-only device. In this way, the network controller 108 can "hear" a data channel request from a data-only ~ubscriber 116 and repeat it to the central controller 102. If a data channel is available, the central controller will format and return a data channel grant both over the control channel 104a (to the voicetdata subscribers 114) and to the network controller 108 via the connection 126.
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~29167~3 Accordingly, decision 202 tests to determine whether a data channel has been granted by the central.
If not, the routine proceeds to step 204, where the networX controller (or data subscriber) waits a predetermined time interval before returning to reference letter A of Fig. 2a to again request a clata channel. If the central 102 grants a data channel, the routine proceeds to step 206, where the central transmits the data channel assignment over the control channel 104a and to the network controller 108. Thereafter, data-only subs~ribers 116 and voice/data subscribers 114 operating in the data mode may communicate over any of the assigned data channels.
Data operation may continue without further data channel requests for the allocated time period, which may be determined by the system manager 110. When the allocation time period has expired, or higher priority voicé traffic exists, the central controller 102 transmits an instruction to the network controller 108 to relinquish the da~a channel. Thus, decision 208 tests to see whether the central has so instructed. If so, the routine proceeds to reference letter B of Fig. 2b where the channel is relinquished. If not, the routine proceeds to decision 210, which tests to see whether an additional data ~annel is needed.
If the data channel traffic on any existing data channel exceeds a predetermined threshold, the network controller 108 may requested an additional data channel from the central controller 102. To do this, the network con~roller proceeds to referen~e letter A of Fig. 2a to transmit another data ~h~n~el req~st to the centra~. If another data channel is available for data traffic, the central may assign an additional data channel.
Of course, when another data channel is assigned, the data traffic load, per channel, is uneven.
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Accordingly, the present invention contemplates levelling the data load among the available data channels to maximize data communication. Two preferred methods for load are described in two co-pending applications filed on an even date herewith. The first is by Garry Hess (attorney docket number CM-00243H), and the second is by Ken Zdunek (attorney docket number CM-00262H), and both are entitled "Method for Dynamically Allocating Data Channels On a Trunked Communication System", with each being assigned to the same assignee as th~ present invention. The first reference corresponds to United States Patent 4,831,373 (Hess), issued on May 16, 1989 and the second reference corresponds to United States Patent 4,870,408 (Zdunek et al), issued September 26, 1989.
Referring again to Fig. 2a, if decision 210 determines that another data channel is not needed, the routine proceeds to reference letter D of Fig. 2a, which ~orms the fixed-end operational loop comprising decisions 208 and 210. the fixed-end remains on this loop until either a data channel is requested to be relinquished or another data channel is requested.
Referring now to Fig. 2b, the steps executed to relin~uish a data channel are shown. Assuming that the central controller 102 has requested the network controller 108 to give up a data channel, the network controller transmits a "return to control channel"
command 212 over the data channel to be relinquished.
All data compatible subscribers receiviny this command return to the control channel 104a. Of course, single channel data-only subscribers continue to monitor their particular single frequency. In step 214, the network controller 108 releases the data channel to the central controller. In step 216, the central 102 may now assign ~;296773 - lla -this channel for a voice call. After this, decision 218 determines whether there are remaining data channels. If the network controller 108 has released only one of several data channels, the routine proceeds to reference letter D of ....
~S~73 Fig. 2a to continue data operation. However, if the sole data channel was relinquished, the routine proceeds to reference letter C of Fig. 2c.
Referring now to Fig. 2c, the network controller 108, after relinquishing the sole data channel, starts a request timer in step 220. Decision 222 determines whether this timer has expired. If so, the routine returns to reference letter A of Fig. 2a to request a data channel. If the timer has not expired, the network 10 controller 108 determines whether the host computer 106 has any data for trans~ission. If the determination of decision 224 is that the host has data to transmit, the routine proceeds to reference letter A of Fig. 2a to request a data channel. Otherwise, the ne~work controller determines in deaision 226 whether a data message has been received fro~ a data-only sub3criber or an RF host co~puter. If the determination of deci~ion 226 i5 that such a data ~essage was received, the networX controller 108 "knows" that the channel which carried the data is idle and that a data-only subscriber wishes to communicate. Accordingly, the routine returns to reference letter A of Fig. Zat where the network controller re~uest~ a data channel to allow it to communicate with the data-only subscriber. However, if the network controller 108 has received no such data message, the routine continues by returning to reference letter C of Fig. 2c, which forms a waiting loop until either the request timer expires or some data activity occuxs .
The .s~eps executed by the data/voice subscriber 114 are shown in Figs. 3a through 3f. Referring now to Fig. 3a, in step 300 of Fig. 3a, the subscriber unit powers up. During power up, the subscriber unit may execute any self-check routines and initialize operational flags and variables. During this ti~e, the subscriber : '~
~ ~9~73 unit determines in decision 302 whether to operate primarily in the voice mode. If so, deci~ion 302 transfers control to reference letter E of Fig. 3b for voice mode operation. If not, decision 304 tests whether the subscriber operates primarily in the data mode. If decision 304 determines that the subscriber normally operates in the data mode, the routine proceeds to reference letter F of Fig. 3d for data mode operation.
Alternately, the subscriber unit may use its last mode of operation. Thus, if the last communication was a voice call, the ~ubscriber unit would operate in the voice mode. Conversely, if the last communication was a data transmission, the subscriber would operate in the data mode. Decision 306 determines if the last mode operational option is selected. ~f not, the routine proceeds to step 30~, which signals that a unit ault has occurred or ~allure to determine one of the only three available modes o~ operation. However, i the determination of decision 306 is that the last mode was selected, decision 310 determines whether the last activity was a voice call. If so, the routine proceeds to reference letter E of Fig. 3b for voice mode operation.
If the determination of decision 310 was that a aata transmission was last made, the routine proceeds to reference letter F of Fig. 3d, for data mode operation.
Referring now to Fig. 3b, the steps executed by a voice/data ~ubscriber 114 in the voice mode are shown. In step 312, the subscriber unit monitors the control channel. According t~ the present invention, the voice mode subscriber unit must at all ti~es be either monitoring the control channel, or participating in a voice call on one of the available voice channels.
Accordingly, the voice mode subscriber continuously monitors the control channel until a command is received or the operator transmits. According, decision 314 ,. ... ::
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determines whether the subscriber operator has pressed the push-to-talk (PTTj switch. If so, tep 316 translaits a voice call request over the control channel to the central controller 102. Following this, the subscriber returns to reference letter E of Fig. 3b to monitor the control channel. If the PTT switch was not newly depressed, the routine proceeds to decision 31~ to determine whether a channel assignment has been received over the control channel.
If the determination of decision 318 is that a channel assig~ent has been received, ~he routine proceeds to step 320, where the subscriber goes to the assigned voice channel to participate in the call. After the completion of the call, the routine returns to reference letter E of Fig. 3b to again moni~or the control channel.
If the subscriber operator has entered data for transmission, decision 322 changes the gubscriber's operating mode to the data mode and the routine proceeds to reference letter F of Fig. 3d. Decision 324 determines whether the voice mode subscriber has received a command over the control channel to go to the data mode to receive a message from the host computer 106. Preferably, the central 1~2 ~e~ps track of the subscribers operating in the voice mode. Th~ ne~work controller 108 thereby avoids wasted trans~issi~l ~ime by not transmitting a data message to ~ subscriber known not to be monitoring one of the assigned data channels. Thus, the network controller can request the central to command a voice mode subscriber to an assigned data channel to receive a data message.
Upon receiving such a command, decision 324 routes the program to rsference letter G of Fig. 3d to participate in the data transmission.
While operating in th~ ~oice mode, any subscriber unit monitoring the control channel may receive any data channel allocation information transmitted from the ,'''~. ' .~
~2~773 central 102 over the control channel. Accordingly, decision 326 tests to determine if such data channel allocation information has been received. If so, the routine proceeds to step 328, where the information is stored for later use. If not, decision 326 routes the program to reference letter E of Fig. 3b where the subscriber continues to operate in the loop of Fig. 3b.
Referring now to Fig. 3d, the steps executed by the voice/data subscriber 114 while in the data mode are shown. According to the present invention, a voice/data sub~cri~er may operate in the data mode in any one of three ways: ~he data monitor mode, the voice monitor mode, and the last channel mode. In the data monitor mode, the subscriber unit monitors one of the assigned data channels unti} commanded to return to the control channel or the ~oice mode. In the voice monitor data mode, a subscriber unit may operate in the data mode, while monitoring the control channel, thereby enabling rapid participation in any voice messages. In the voice monitor data mode, a subscriber unit may operate in the data mode, while monitoring the control channel, thereby enabling rapid participat~on in any voice messages. In the voice monitor mode, a subscriber may momentarily go to the data channel to transceive data and thereafter immediate~ return to the control channel upon completion of the trans~ission or reception. Alternately, as the name implies, the last channel mode comprises the subscriber monitoring either the data channel or the control channel depending upon the last communication type.
Accordingly, decision 330 determines whether the subscriber should monitor the data channel. An affirmative decision results for a data monitor mode subscriber, or a last mode subscriber that had previously transmitted or received on the data channel. In all other ~2~67'73 cases, the determination of decision 330 causes the subscriber to monitor the control channel, step 332 of Fig. 3c. T~is is also designated as reference letter L in Fig~ 3c. Refer~ing no~ to once monitoring, the c~ntrol channel, the subscriber continuously attempts to decode commands and channel assignments. Accordingl~, decision 334 determines whether a voice mode command has been received. A voice mode co~mand causes t~e subscriber ~o revert to the voice mode as illustrated in Fig. 3b.
Failing this, decision 336 determines whether a data channel assignment has been received from the central controller 102.
As previou~ly mentioned, the central 102 keeps track o~ the subscribers operating in the voice mode. The network controller 108 avoid~ wasted transmission time by not transmitting a data message to a gubgcriber known not to be monitoring one of the assigned data channels. Thus, the network controller re~uests the central to command a voice mode su~scriber to an assigned data channel to receivP a data message. Accordingly, if decision 336 determines that a data channel command has been received, control reverts to reference letter F of Fig. 3d wherein the subscriber moves to monitor the data channel. If not assigned to a data channel, the routine proceeds to decision 338, which determines whether new data channel allocation information has been received. If so, the information is convenie~tly ~ored in step 340 and the routine return~ t~ the refet-~nce letter H to again monitor ; the cont~ol channel.
Decision 342 determines whether the operator has activated the pu h-to-talk switch to initiate a voice conversation. If the determination of decision 342 is that the push-to-talk switch has been depressed, the routine proceeds to reference letter E of Fig. 3b, thereby switching to the voice mode of operation to participate in ~2~7~3 a voice call. A high degree of flexibility is afforded in the present invention by allowing the subscriber unit to operate in the data mode, while monitoring the control channel. Thus, in decision 344 the sub~criber determines whether a voice channel grant has been received on the control channel. If so, subscriber unit operates (step 346~ to process the call and then returns to the data mode of operat~on t~ monitor the control channel (reference letter H of Fig. 3c.) If no voice ~rant has been received, decision 348 determines whether the subscriber has data to tra~smit.
If so, the routine proceeds to reference letter F of Fig. 3d, where the subscriber goes to the data channel to await data transmission. If a subscriber has no data to tra~smit, the routine reverts to reerence letter H of Fig. 3c to continually monitor the control channel, while checking for commands and assignments in the subscriber unit`s operational loop.
Referring now to Fig. 3d, assuming an affirmative determination from decision 330, the subscriber unit monitors an assigned data channel (step 3501. Step 352 starts an inactivity timer, which causes the subscriber to revert to the control channel if there has been no data activity ~y any subscriber for the predetermined timer interval~ ~ccordingly, decision 354 determines whether there is any current activity on the data channel. If so, the routine proceeds to reference letter I of Fig. 3e, where the subscriber unit operates to receive the data and process it. If there is no activity, the routine proceeds to decision 356, w~ich determines if the subscriber has any data to transmit to the host compu~er 106 (or 118)~
If so, the routine pr~ceeds to reference letter J of Fig. 3f for the subscriber data mode transmission routine. If the subscriber has no data to transmit, decision 358 determines whether the subscriber's operator ~', ~l29~
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has activated the PT~ switch. If so, the routine proceeds to reference letter E, thereby changing to the voice mode. If the PTT was not activated, dec;sion 359 determines whe~her the timer has expired. If the determination of decision 359 is that the timer has not expired, the routine proceeds to reference letter K of Fig. 3d, to form a loop checking for data channel activity. If, however, there has been no data activity for the period of the timer, decision 359 routes control to reference letter H of Fig. 3c, where the subscriber unit begins to monitor the control channel (step 332), while remaining in the data mode.
Referring now to Fig. 3e, the data mode receive sequence is illustrated. In step 360, the data is lS extracted from the data channel and received by the subscriber unit. Decision 362 determines whether the received data has an ID portion corresponding to the subscriber's ID. If not, either the data has been received in error or the data was not addressed to this subscriber unit. Accordingly, step 364 resets the activity timer and control is returned to reference letter K of Flg 3d to again monitor activity on the data channel.
; If the determination of decision 362 is that the ID is valid, the subscriber unit processes the information to receive the data and/or commands from the host computer 106. Decision 366 determines whether a voice mode`command has been received. If ~o, the routine proceeds to reference letter E of Fig. 3b, where the subscriber unit switche~ to operate in the voice mode. If the determinatio~ G ~ ion 366 is that a voice mode command was not received, dec-ision 368 determines whether a "go-to-control-channel" command was received. If so, subscriber unit remains in the data mode, but adapts to monitor the control channel. Accordingly, program control ~; 35 is routed to reference letter H of Fig. 3c.
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12967~3 If the received data did not contain a voice mode or go-to-control-channel command, the routine proceeds to decision 370, which determines if the subscriber operator has pressed the push-to-talk switch to initiate a voice call. If the subscriber has initiated a voice call, the routine proceeds to step 371, which stores any received data for later processing, and returns control to reference ~e~ter E of Fig. 3~ to process the voice call.
If the operator has not initiated a voice call, step 372 processes the received data in accordance with any instructions previously received or contained in the received data. Step 374 resets the data activity timer since data activity was recently received.
Decision 376 determines whether the subscriber unit operates in the voice monitor modet If 80, the routine proceeds to reerence letter H o~ E'ig 3c to monitor the control channel. However, i~ the subscriber is a data monitor subscriber or a last mode subscriber, decision 376 returns control to reference letter F of Fig. 3d, and the data channel is monitored ~step 350).
Referring now to Fig. 3f, the data transmit ~equence of the data mode is illustrated. In step 378, the subscriber unit transmits the data onto the data channel u~ing any suitable form of data modulation.
Decision 380 determines whether the subscriber's transmission has collided with the transmission of another subscriber. Such collision detection schemes are well known in the art and the selection of any particular one scheme i8 not essential to the understanding of the invention. Assuming the determination of decision 380 was that a collision had ~ccurred~ the ~outine proceeds to step 382, which ~JaitS an arbitrary interval before returning control to reference letter J of Fig. 3f to retransmit the data. If, however, no collision was detected, the routine proceeds to step 384, which resets .
~6773 the activity timer since the subscriber has ju~t transmitted on the data channel. In step 386, the subscriber determines whether it operates in the voice monitor mode or whether it should continue to monitor the data channel (i.e., either last used mode or the data monitor mode). If the determination of decision 386 is that the sub~crîber should monitor the control channel, the routi~e proceeds to reference letter H of Fig. 3c.
Otherwise, the routine proceeds to reference letter F of Fig. 3d to monitor the data channel.
Refe}ring now to Fig. 4, a state diagram 400 illustrating the operation of the subscriber unit i5 shown. According to the present invention, the subscriber unit must always be on either the control channel, an L5 assigned voice channel or an assigned data channel.
In ~tate 402, the subscriber is operating in the voice mode on the control channel. The subscriber unit may participate in the voice call in ~tate 404 by receiving a channel grant, and returns to the control channel state 402 b~ receiving a disconnect or timing out ; at the end of the call. Additionally, the subscriber may receive priority messages while participating in a voice call Accordingly, if the subscriber receives a priority data mode command, the subscriber may abandon the voice call and enter state 406.
In state 406, the subscriber operates in the data mode, while monitoring the control channel. The subscriber may enter and leave this state via command of the host computer vi~ the network controller and central controll~r~ The commands can eithe~ return the subscriber to th~ voice ~d~ in state 402 or remain in the data mode ~` monitoring the data channel in state 408. In either of the data mode states ~406 or 408), a push-to-talk command returns the subscriber to state 402. Additionally, receiving a channel grant rapidly moves the subscriber ~LX96~773 from state 406 directly to state 404 to participate in a voice call. Thus, the voice/data subscriber may move from one sta~e to another state alony any of the defined paths of the state di~gram 400.
While a particular embodiment has been described and shown, it will be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto since many modifications can be made. It is therefore contemplated to cover by the present application any and all such modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the basic underlying principles disclosed and claimad herein.
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Back~round Art In a basic RF trunked system there exists a high degree of flexibility to partition voice conversations between different groups so that no one group of users is epecifically aware when another group of ugers makes use of the system. Typically, these groups are subdivide~
into subgroups 80 that callq may be made upon eit~er a group, subgroup or individual basis depending upon the ty~e of communication desired by an initiating ~ubscriber.
To establish a voice communication between a group of unit~ operating on a trunked ~stem, a ~ubscriber unit transmits a data packet called an "inbound signalling word" (ISW) on a control ahannel that ig maintainecl ~or such purposes. The ISW contains at least the requesting unit's unique ID code, which may contain or be used to ~ obtain the requesting subscriber's current talk-group.
The request is forwarded to a central controller, which decodes the request, and transmits on the control channel a data packet called an "outbound æignalling word" (OSW) to all subæcriber units, which continuously monitor the control channel when not par~icipating in a voice conversation The OSW is a channel grant which contains the talk-group code of the reque6ting unit, and the voice channel number asæiqned for the conversation. The OSW
causes the requesting unit to move t~ the voice channel and commence transmitting, while simultaneously causing all other subscriber units in the game talk-yroup to move to the voice channel as listening units. In this way a yroup call is set-up. If, however, all voice channels are in use when a subscriber unit transm;ts an ISW, the central controller typically sends the requesting ~ 6ubæcriber a"Busy OSW".
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~2~ 3 lIn addition to voice messages, it is desirable to send data information across a trunked radio channel. In some data systems, a subscriber unit obtains a trunked da~a communication channel via the same procedure used to obtain a voice channel. However, this practice is inefficient and spectrally wasteful, due to the time it takes for a requesting subscri~er to transmit an ISW and rece~e ~ chan~e~ ~r~n~ OS~ fro~ the central and the time it takes to set up and elean-down calls on a voice channel. At contemporary data transmission rates, it is anticipated that an entire typical data message would take substantially less time to transmit than the time required to set up a channel (approximately .5 seconds). Thus, assigning a data channel pursuant to the same procedure as assigning a voice channel would be wasteful of spectrum and consume pr~cious ~y~tem time that could be better used to transmit data messages.
Other trunked communication systems desirous to accommodate data traffic have permanently dedicated one or more channels to handling data traffic. While this avoids the access time problem noted above, this technique is contrary to the ~2Si¢ principles of trunked communication systems, which strive to allocate channel resources across a plurality of users as re~uired. Therefore, the practice 2~ of having dedicated data channels, permanently removed from the channel allocation "pool" of frequencies, is wasteful of spectral resources and leads to inefficient system operation. Moreover, the dedicated data channel systems lack the capacity to dynamically redistribute or allocate ~he data ~raffic load across the available data channels. Such systems typically permanently assign a subscriber unit to a data channel thereby building in future problems as the number of data subscribers increases on a particular channel.
~X~7~3 Accordingly, there exists a need for a trunked communication system that can accommodate both voice and data signals, and that operates in true trunked manner to efficiently utilize spectral resources.
Summary of the Invention Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved trunked communication system.
It is a further object of the present invention to proviae a trunked communication system capable of accommodating both voice and data traf~ic.
It is a further object of the present invention to accommodate data traffic without permanently removing one or more channels from the trunked channel resources.
It i8 yet another object of the present invention to provide a voice/data ~ubscriber unit capable of operating in the trunked communication system of the present inventionO
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a voiceldata subscriber unit capable of operating in a plurality of data modes.
It i~ yet another object of the present invention to provide a trunked voice/data communication system which accommodates prior voice only and data-only subscribers.
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a voice/data trunked communication system which permits prior data-only subscribers to communicate notwithstanding the absence of an assigned data channel.
It is y~t a further object of the present inventio~ to pr~Yide a trunked communication system that minimizes spectrally wasteful access time while providing trunked data communication.
Briefly, according to the invention, a trunked voice/data communication system is provided wherein a 31 ;~9~ 73 plurality of trunked voice reyeaters are adapted to accommodate both voice and data traffic. Data channels are ~hereafter assigned for a dynamically varying period of time depending upon, for instance, traffic load or time of day. Once the sys~em establishes a data channel, any sub¢criber data unit may transmit witho~t re-requesting a data channel. In this way, the protracted re~uest-grant delay times are avoided. After the time interval, or if higher priority voice traffic exists, the data channel may be reallocated to voice traffic. Thereafter, another data channel reguest can result in a similar data channel grant for another time interval on another, or the same, channel.
Brief Description of the Drawings The eatures of the present invention which are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may be understood by reference to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the several figures in which like reference numerals identify like elements, and in which:
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the trunked communication ~ystem of the present invention;
Figs. 2a throuyh 2c are flow diagrams illustrating the steps executed by the fixed-end equipment of Fig. l;
Figs. 3a through 3f are flow diagrams illustrating the steps executed by the voice/data subscribers of Fig. l;
Fig 4 is a state diagram illustrating the operation of the voice/data subscribers of Fig. 1.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment Referring now to the drawings, and in particular to Fig. 1, there is shown a block diagram of the trunked voice/data com~unication system (100) of the present ~.Z~7~3 invention. The centralized or fixed-end equipment compri~es a central controller 102, which is responsible for allocating the channel resources ~repreRented here by repeaters 104a-104N) among the many subscriber units.
Of the available communication channels, one (repeater 104a) is selected to be a voice control channel, which will communicate with any trunked subscriber capable of transmitting voice traffic. ~ypically, the particular repeater selected to be ~he control channel (104a) is periodically changed as a control measure.
Preferably, each o~ the repeaters 104a-~ are capable of operating as a voice channel, control channel, or data channel. To accommodate data traffic, such repeaters are equipped with a data interface 122. The data interfaces 122 are responsible or encoding outbound data, decoding and error correcting inbound data, repeater ¦ control, and providing an interface between the repeater and the network controller 108. Alternately, a predetermined subset o~ the total number of repeaters may be equipped ~or data or use a~ a control channel.
The data network comprise6 at least one host aomputer 106, which is coupled (i.e., wireline host) to a network controller 108. The network controller 108 is responQible for data traffic routing ~nd communicating with the central controller 102 to request the allocation of a data channel. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that if the host computer 106, the network controller 108 and the central controller 102 are co-located, the intercouplings (124-128) may be direct.
However, ahould remote locations be desired, such communications ~ay be maintained throuyh the use of data ~odems as i~ known in the art. Optionally, or additionally, the trunked voice/data communication system 100 may employ one or more radio frequency (RF) coupled 35 host computers 118. The RF host 118 communicates as a ~1.29~7~73 trunked control station via any suitable data transceiver 120. The primary difference between the wireline host 106 and the RF host 118 is that the data subscribers communicate directly (i.e., via both the inbound and outbound frequencies of a data equipped repeater) with the RF host, whereas the wireline host 106 transceives all information via the inbound or outbound frequency of a data equippea r~peater. Accordingly, the data network of the present invention may employ several computers in either a centralized or distributed processing arrangement.
Generally, the fixed-end equipment also includeS
a system manager console 110 that enables the supervisor of a communication service provider to set a number of operational parameters that control the operation of the trunked communic~tion system. Typical examples of such paramet.ers include the maximum number of assignable data channels (if any), whether voice or data will be the priority traffic, and various threshold values that . control when data channels may be added or reallocated to voice traffic. Thus, at any particular time, the trunked communication system of the present invention need not have any ch3nnels allocated for data traffic. Conversely, if ~oice traffic is low, or if data traffic enjoys a priority status or is particularly heavy, one or more channels may be allocated for data communication.
According to the present invention, a predetermined channel ordinarily comprises the first channel to be allocated for data. Preferably, this first assigned data channel ~h~re~a~ter "the master data channel"~ has the sa~e ~requency as any single frequency data-o~ly subscribers (116) to provide maximum compatibility with existing data equipment. Alternately, a random channel may be the f irst assiyned data channel;
however, the multi-channel data-only subscribers may have to scan the available channels to find it. Thus, the 1~967~3 present invention prefers to first assign a selected channel, and, thereafter, assign any other data equipped (122) channel as an additional data channelO
The present invention allocates data channels for S a time interval determined by either the system manager or a default parameter. The length of the allocation period may vary with the time of day, system loading or other such para~eter~. ~y reserving a channel for data use over a time period~ data channel requests are minimized and spectral efficiency is maximized since a data subscriber need not request a data channel for each separate data transmission.
As a general principle, the goal of any trunked communication system is to effectively allocate the limited channel resources amongst a plurality of subscriber unit~. The present invention contemplates three classes of subscriber units: voice-only subscribers 112, voice/data subscribers 114, and data-only subscribers 116. The voice-only subscribers 112 are contemplated to be any existing trunked subscriber unit having a Compatible signalling protocol to allow interaction with the system (100). The data-only subscribers (116) are contemplated to be any multiple or single channel data transceivers such as the KDT 800 , manufactured by Motorola, Inc~ t or functional equivalent. Of course, receive-only data devices, such as any of the Motorola family of display pagers, may also operate to receive paging data over an assigned data channel.
Additionally, the present system contemplates a voiceldata subscriber 114 capable of operating within the trunked system 100. In this way, the trunked system of the present invention accommodates existing equipment, while providing enhanced communication capabilities.
Subscriber units are typically comprised of Pither mobile, portable or control stations. Typically, mo~ile units are ~2~6773 g understood to be transceivers designed to operate in a vehicle A portable unit is typically understood to be a transceiviny or receive-only device designed primarily to be carried on or about the person. Control stations are usually permanent or semi-permanent installations in buildings or other such fixed locations. ~hese are collectively referred to herein as subscriber units, which com~unicate with one another through the fixed-end equipment.
The steps executed by the fixecl-end equipment are illustrated in Figs. 2a through 2c. Referring now to Fig.
2a, in step 200, the central 102 receives a data channel request either from the network controller 108 or from a voice/data subscriber 114. The voice/data subscriber 114 may communicate such a data channel request via the contro~ channel 104a when the sub~criber has data to transmit. The network controller 108 may communicate a similar request over the connection 126 to the central controller in several circumstances to be hereinafter described.
For a single channel data-only subscriber 116 to request a channel, a request may be made over the master data channel to the network controller since the data-only subscribers cannot transceive on the voice control channel. According to the present invention, the _ data-only subscribers ~ay communicate with the network controller irrespective of the fact that no data channels are currently assigned. The reason for this is that a de-keyed repeater continues to operate as a receive-only device. In this way, the network controller 108 can "hear" a data channel request from a data-only ~ubscriber 116 and repeat it to the central controller 102. If a data channel is available, the central controller will format and return a data channel grant both over the control channel 104a (to the voicetdata subscribers 114) and to the network controller 108 via the connection 126.
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~29167~3 Accordingly, decision 202 tests to determine whether a data channel has been granted by the central.
If not, the routine proceeds to step 204, where the networX controller (or data subscriber) waits a predetermined time interval before returning to reference letter A of Fig. 2a to again request a clata channel. If the central 102 grants a data channel, the routine proceeds to step 206, where the central transmits the data channel assignment over the control channel 104a and to the network controller 108. Thereafter, data-only subs~ribers 116 and voice/data subscribers 114 operating in the data mode may communicate over any of the assigned data channels.
Data operation may continue without further data channel requests for the allocated time period, which may be determined by the system manager 110. When the allocation time period has expired, or higher priority voicé traffic exists, the central controller 102 transmits an instruction to the network controller 108 to relinquish the da~a channel. Thus, decision 208 tests to see whether the central has so instructed. If so, the routine proceeds to reference letter B of Fig. 2b where the channel is relinquished. If not, the routine proceeds to decision 210, which tests to see whether an additional data ~annel is needed.
If the data channel traffic on any existing data channel exceeds a predetermined threshold, the network controller 108 may requested an additional data channel from the central controller 102. To do this, the network con~roller proceeds to referen~e letter A of Fig. 2a to transmit another data ~h~n~el req~st to the centra~. If another data channel is available for data traffic, the central may assign an additional data channel.
Of course, when another data channel is assigned, the data traffic load, per channel, is uneven.
~2~67'73~
Accordingly, the present invention contemplates levelling the data load among the available data channels to maximize data communication. Two preferred methods for load are described in two co-pending applications filed on an even date herewith. The first is by Garry Hess (attorney docket number CM-00243H), and the second is by Ken Zdunek (attorney docket number CM-00262H), and both are entitled "Method for Dynamically Allocating Data Channels On a Trunked Communication System", with each being assigned to the same assignee as th~ present invention. The first reference corresponds to United States Patent 4,831,373 (Hess), issued on May 16, 1989 and the second reference corresponds to United States Patent 4,870,408 (Zdunek et al), issued September 26, 1989.
Referring again to Fig. 2a, if decision 210 determines that another data channel is not needed, the routine proceeds to reference letter D of Fig. 2a, which ~orms the fixed-end operational loop comprising decisions 208 and 210. the fixed-end remains on this loop until either a data channel is requested to be relinquished or another data channel is requested.
Referring now to Fig. 2b, the steps executed to relin~uish a data channel are shown. Assuming that the central controller 102 has requested the network controller 108 to give up a data channel, the network controller transmits a "return to control channel"
command 212 over the data channel to be relinquished.
All data compatible subscribers receiviny this command return to the control channel 104a. Of course, single channel data-only subscribers continue to monitor their particular single frequency. In step 214, the network controller 108 releases the data channel to the central controller. In step 216, the central 102 may now assign ~;296773 - lla -this channel for a voice call. After this, decision 218 determines whether there are remaining data channels. If the network controller 108 has released only one of several data channels, the routine proceeds to reference letter D of ....
~S~73 Fig. 2a to continue data operation. However, if the sole data channel was relinquished, the routine proceeds to reference letter C of Fig. 2c.
Referring now to Fig. 2c, the network controller 108, after relinquishing the sole data channel, starts a request timer in step 220. Decision 222 determines whether this timer has expired. If so, the routine returns to reference letter A of Fig. 2a to request a data channel. If the timer has not expired, the network 10 controller 108 determines whether the host computer 106 has any data for trans~ission. If the determination of decision 224 is that the host has data to transmit, the routine proceeds to reference letter A of Fig. 2a to request a data channel. Otherwise, the ne~work controller determines in deaision 226 whether a data message has been received fro~ a data-only sub3criber or an RF host co~puter. If the determination of deci~ion 226 i5 that such a data ~essage was received, the networX controller 108 "knows" that the channel which carried the data is idle and that a data-only subscriber wishes to communicate. Accordingly, the routine returns to reference letter A of Fig. Zat where the network controller re~uest~ a data channel to allow it to communicate with the data-only subscriber. However, if the network controller 108 has received no such data message, the routine continues by returning to reference letter C of Fig. 2c, which forms a waiting loop until either the request timer expires or some data activity occuxs .
The .s~eps executed by the data/voice subscriber 114 are shown in Figs. 3a through 3f. Referring now to Fig. 3a, in step 300 of Fig. 3a, the subscriber unit powers up. During power up, the subscriber unit may execute any self-check routines and initialize operational flags and variables. During this ti~e, the subscriber : '~
~ ~9~73 unit determines in decision 302 whether to operate primarily in the voice mode. If so, deci~ion 302 transfers control to reference letter E of Fig. 3b for voice mode operation. If not, decision 304 tests whether the subscriber operates primarily in the data mode. If decision 304 determines that the subscriber normally operates in the data mode, the routine proceeds to reference letter F of Fig. 3d for data mode operation.
Alternately, the subscriber unit may use its last mode of operation. Thus, if the last communication was a voice call, the ~ubscriber unit would operate in the voice mode. Conversely, if the last communication was a data transmission, the subscriber would operate in the data mode. Decision 306 determines if the last mode operational option is selected. ~f not, the routine proceeds to step 30~, which signals that a unit ault has occurred or ~allure to determine one of the only three available modes o~ operation. However, i the determination of decision 306 is that the last mode was selected, decision 310 determines whether the last activity was a voice call. If so, the routine proceeds to reference letter E of Fig. 3b for voice mode operation.
If the determination of decision 310 was that a aata transmission was last made, the routine proceeds to reference letter F of Fig. 3d, for data mode operation.
Referring now to Fig. 3b, the steps executed by a voice/data ~ubscriber 114 in the voice mode are shown. In step 312, the subscriber unit monitors the control channel. According t~ the present invention, the voice mode subscriber unit must at all ti~es be either monitoring the control channel, or participating in a voice call on one of the available voice channels.
Accordingly, the voice mode subscriber continuously monitors the control channel until a command is received or the operator transmits. According, decision 314 ,. ... ::
~ 2~
determines whether the subscriber operator has pressed the push-to-talk (PTTj switch. If so, tep 316 translaits a voice call request over the control channel to the central controller 102. Following this, the subscriber returns to reference letter E of Fig. 3b to monitor the control channel. If the PTT switch was not newly depressed, the routine proceeds to decision 31~ to determine whether a channel assignment has been received over the control channel.
If the determination of decision 318 is that a channel assig~ent has been received, ~he routine proceeds to step 320, where the subscriber goes to the assigned voice channel to participate in the call. After the completion of the call, the routine returns to reference letter E of Fig. 3b to again moni~or the control channel.
If the subscriber operator has entered data for transmission, decision 322 changes the gubscriber's operating mode to the data mode and the routine proceeds to reference letter F of Fig. 3d. Decision 324 determines whether the voice mode subscriber has received a command over the control channel to go to the data mode to receive a message from the host computer 106. Preferably, the central 1~2 ~e~ps track of the subscribers operating in the voice mode. Th~ ne~work controller 108 thereby avoids wasted trans~issi~l ~ime by not transmitting a data message to ~ subscriber known not to be monitoring one of the assigned data channels. Thus, the network controller can request the central to command a voice mode subscriber to an assigned data channel to receive a data message.
Upon receiving such a command, decision 324 routes the program to rsference letter G of Fig. 3d to participate in the data transmission.
While operating in th~ ~oice mode, any subscriber unit monitoring the control channel may receive any data channel allocation information transmitted from the ,'''~. ' .~
~2~773 central 102 over the control channel. Accordingly, decision 326 tests to determine if such data channel allocation information has been received. If so, the routine proceeds to step 328, where the information is stored for later use. If not, decision 326 routes the program to reference letter E of Fig. 3b where the subscriber continues to operate in the loop of Fig. 3b.
Referring now to Fig. 3d, the steps executed by the voice/data subscriber 114 while in the data mode are shown. According to the present invention, a voice/data sub~cri~er may operate in the data mode in any one of three ways: ~he data monitor mode, the voice monitor mode, and the last channel mode. In the data monitor mode, the subscriber unit monitors one of the assigned data channels unti} commanded to return to the control channel or the ~oice mode. In the voice monitor data mode, a subscriber unit may operate in the data mode, while monitoring the control channel, thereby enabling rapid participation in any voice messages. In the voice monitor data mode, a subscriber unit may operate in the data mode, while monitoring the control channel, thereby enabling rapid participat~on in any voice messages. In the voice monitor mode, a subscriber may momentarily go to the data channel to transceive data and thereafter immediate~ return to the control channel upon completion of the trans~ission or reception. Alternately, as the name implies, the last channel mode comprises the subscriber monitoring either the data channel or the control channel depending upon the last communication type.
Accordingly, decision 330 determines whether the subscriber should monitor the data channel. An affirmative decision results for a data monitor mode subscriber, or a last mode subscriber that had previously transmitted or received on the data channel. In all other ~2~67'73 cases, the determination of decision 330 causes the subscriber to monitor the control channel, step 332 of Fig. 3c. T~is is also designated as reference letter L in Fig~ 3c. Refer~ing no~ to once monitoring, the c~ntrol channel, the subscriber continuously attempts to decode commands and channel assignments. Accordingl~, decision 334 determines whether a voice mode command has been received. A voice mode co~mand causes t~e subscriber ~o revert to the voice mode as illustrated in Fig. 3b.
Failing this, decision 336 determines whether a data channel assignment has been received from the central controller 102.
As previou~ly mentioned, the central 102 keeps track o~ the subscribers operating in the voice mode. The network controller 108 avoid~ wasted transmission time by not transmitting a data message to a gubgcriber known not to be monitoring one of the assigned data channels. Thus, the network controller re~uests the central to command a voice mode su~scriber to an assigned data channel to receivP a data message. Accordingly, if decision 336 determines that a data channel command has been received, control reverts to reference letter F of Fig. 3d wherein the subscriber moves to monitor the data channel. If not assigned to a data channel, the routine proceeds to decision 338, which determines whether new data channel allocation information has been received. If so, the information is convenie~tly ~ored in step 340 and the routine return~ t~ the refet-~nce letter H to again monitor ; the cont~ol channel.
Decision 342 determines whether the operator has activated the pu h-to-talk switch to initiate a voice conversation. If the determination of decision 342 is that the push-to-talk switch has been depressed, the routine proceeds to reference letter E of Fig. 3b, thereby switching to the voice mode of operation to participate in ~2~7~3 a voice call. A high degree of flexibility is afforded in the present invention by allowing the subscriber unit to operate in the data mode, while monitoring the control channel. Thus, in decision 344 the sub~criber determines whether a voice channel grant has been received on the control channel. If so, subscriber unit operates (step 346~ to process the call and then returns to the data mode of operat~on t~ monitor the control channel (reference letter H of Fig. 3c.) If no voice ~rant has been received, decision 348 determines whether the subscriber has data to tra~smit.
If so, the routine proceeds to reference letter F of Fig. 3d, where the subscriber goes to the data channel to await data transmission. If a subscriber has no data to tra~smit, the routine reverts to reerence letter H of Fig. 3c to continually monitor the control channel, while checking for commands and assignments in the subscriber unit`s operational loop.
Referring now to Fig. 3d, assuming an affirmative determination from decision 330, the subscriber unit monitors an assigned data channel (step 3501. Step 352 starts an inactivity timer, which causes the subscriber to revert to the control channel if there has been no data activity ~y any subscriber for the predetermined timer interval~ ~ccordingly, decision 354 determines whether there is any current activity on the data channel. If so, the routine proceeds to reference letter I of Fig. 3e, where the subscriber unit operates to receive the data and process it. If there is no activity, the routine proceeds to decision 356, w~ich determines if the subscriber has any data to transmit to the host compu~er 106 (or 118)~
If so, the routine pr~ceeds to reference letter J of Fig. 3f for the subscriber data mode transmission routine. If the subscriber has no data to transmit, decision 358 determines whether the subscriber's operator ~', ~l29~
18 ~
has activated the PT~ switch. If so, the routine proceeds to reference letter E, thereby changing to the voice mode. If the PTT was not activated, dec;sion 359 determines whe~her the timer has expired. If the determination of decision 359 is that the timer has not expired, the routine proceeds to reference letter K of Fig. 3d, to form a loop checking for data channel activity. If, however, there has been no data activity for the period of the timer, decision 359 routes control to reference letter H of Fig. 3c, where the subscriber unit begins to monitor the control channel (step 332), while remaining in the data mode.
Referring now to Fig. 3e, the data mode receive sequence is illustrated. In step 360, the data is lS extracted from the data channel and received by the subscriber unit. Decision 362 determines whether the received data has an ID portion corresponding to the subscriber's ID. If not, either the data has been received in error or the data was not addressed to this subscriber unit. Accordingly, step 364 resets the activity timer and control is returned to reference letter K of Flg 3d to again monitor activity on the data channel.
; If the determination of decision 362 is that the ID is valid, the subscriber unit processes the information to receive the data and/or commands from the host computer 106. Decision 366 determines whether a voice mode`command has been received. If ~o, the routine proceeds to reference letter E of Fig. 3b, where the subscriber unit switche~ to operate in the voice mode. If the determinatio~ G ~ ion 366 is that a voice mode command was not received, dec-ision 368 determines whether a "go-to-control-channel" command was received. If so, subscriber unit remains in the data mode, but adapts to monitor the control channel. Accordingly, program control ~; 35 is routed to reference letter H of Fig. 3c.
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12967~3 If the received data did not contain a voice mode or go-to-control-channel command, the routine proceeds to decision 370, which determines if the subscriber operator has pressed the push-to-talk switch to initiate a voice call. If the subscriber has initiated a voice call, the routine proceeds to step 371, which stores any received data for later processing, and returns control to reference ~e~ter E of Fig. 3~ to process the voice call.
If the operator has not initiated a voice call, step 372 processes the received data in accordance with any instructions previously received or contained in the received data. Step 374 resets the data activity timer since data activity was recently received.
Decision 376 determines whether the subscriber unit operates in the voice monitor modet If 80, the routine proceeds to reerence letter H o~ E'ig 3c to monitor the control channel. However, i~ the subscriber is a data monitor subscriber or a last mode subscriber, decision 376 returns control to reference letter F of Fig. 3d, and the data channel is monitored ~step 350).
Referring now to Fig. 3f, the data transmit ~equence of the data mode is illustrated. In step 378, the subscriber unit transmits the data onto the data channel u~ing any suitable form of data modulation.
Decision 380 determines whether the subscriber's transmission has collided with the transmission of another subscriber. Such collision detection schemes are well known in the art and the selection of any particular one scheme i8 not essential to the understanding of the invention. Assuming the determination of decision 380 was that a collision had ~ccurred~ the ~outine proceeds to step 382, which ~JaitS an arbitrary interval before returning control to reference letter J of Fig. 3f to retransmit the data. If, however, no collision was detected, the routine proceeds to step 384, which resets .
~6773 the activity timer since the subscriber has ju~t transmitted on the data channel. In step 386, the subscriber determines whether it operates in the voice monitor mode or whether it should continue to monitor the data channel (i.e., either last used mode or the data monitor mode). If the determination of decision 386 is that the sub~crîber should monitor the control channel, the routi~e proceeds to reference letter H of Fig. 3c.
Otherwise, the routine proceeds to reference letter F of Fig. 3d to monitor the data channel.
Refe}ring now to Fig. 4, a state diagram 400 illustrating the operation of the subscriber unit i5 shown. According to the present invention, the subscriber unit must always be on either the control channel, an L5 assigned voice channel or an assigned data channel.
In ~tate 402, the subscriber is operating in the voice mode on the control channel. The subscriber unit may participate in the voice call in ~tate 404 by receiving a channel grant, and returns to the control channel state 402 b~ receiving a disconnect or timing out ; at the end of the call. Additionally, the subscriber may receive priority messages while participating in a voice call Accordingly, if the subscriber receives a priority data mode command, the subscriber may abandon the voice call and enter state 406.
In state 406, the subscriber operates in the data mode, while monitoring the control channel. The subscriber may enter and leave this state via command of the host computer vi~ the network controller and central controll~r~ The commands can eithe~ return the subscriber to th~ voice ~d~ in state 402 or remain in the data mode ~` monitoring the data channel in state 408. In either of the data mode states ~406 or 408), a push-to-talk command returns the subscriber to state 402. Additionally, receiving a channel grant rapidly moves the subscriber ~LX96~773 from state 406 directly to state 404 to participate in a voice call. Thus, the voice/data subscriber may move from one sta~e to another state alony any of the defined paths of the state di~gram 400.
While a particular embodiment has been described and shown, it will be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto since many modifications can be made. It is therefore contemplated to cover by the present application any and all such modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the basic underlying principles disclosed and claimad herein.
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Claims (6)
1. A trunked voice/data communication system, comprising:
a plurality of repeaters, at least one of which is constructed and arranged to transceive data information;
a plurality of subscriber units constructed and arranged to communicate information on an assigned repeater in either a voice mode or a data mode;
at least one central controller coupled to each of said plurality of repeaters, for allocating said plurality of repeaters among said plurality of subscriber units;
a network controller, coupled to said central controller and said at least one of said plurality of repeaters constructed and arranged to transceive data, for controlling data information transfers; and at least one computer, coupled to said network controller, for communicating with any of said plurality of subscriber units operating in said data mode.
a plurality of repeaters, at least one of which is constructed and arranged to transceive data information;
a plurality of subscriber units constructed and arranged to communicate information on an assigned repeater in either a voice mode or a data mode;
at least one central controller coupled to each of said plurality of repeaters, for allocating said plurality of repeaters among said plurality of subscriber units;
a network controller, coupled to said central controller and said at least one of said plurality of repeaters constructed and arranged to transceive data, for controlling data information transfers; and at least one computer, coupled to said network controller, for communicating with any of said plurality of subscriber units operating in said data mode.
2. In a trunked voice/data communication system, having at least one central controller for allocating a plurality of communication channels among a plurality of subscriber units, and at least one network controller for controlling data transfers between a computer and said subscriber units, a method for allocating a data channel comprising the steps of:
at the network controller:
(a) transmitting a data channel request to the central controller;
(b) receiving a data channel grant from said central controller;
(c) receiving a data channel relinquish request from the central controller;
at the central controller:
(a) receiving said data channel request from the network controller;
(b) allocating, for a time interval, a repeater for data communication:
(c) transmitting said data channel grant to the network controller;
(d) transmitting, after said time interval, said data channel relinquish request to said network controller.
at the network controller:
(a) transmitting a data channel request to the central controller;
(b) receiving a data channel grant from said central controller;
(c) receiving a data channel relinquish request from the central controller;
at the central controller:
(a) receiving said data channel request from the network controller;
(b) allocating, for a time interval, a repeater for data communication:
(c) transmitting said data channel grant to the network controller;
(d) transmitting, after said time interval, said data channel relinquish request to said network controller.
3. In a trunked voice/data communication system, having at least one central controller for allocating a plurality of communication channels among a plurality of subscriber units, and at least one network controller for controlling data transfers between a computer and said subscriber units, a method for allocating a data channel comprising the steps of:
at a subscriber unit:
(a) transmitting a data channel request to the central controller over a control channel;
(b) receiving a data channel grant from said central controller from said control channel;
at the central controller:
(a) receiving said data channel request from the subscriber unit over said control channel;
(b) allocating, for a time interval, a repeater for data communication;
(c) transmitting said data channel grant to the subscriber unit over said control channel;
(d) transmitting, after said time interval, a data channel relinquish request to said network controller;
at the network controller:
(a) receiving said data channel relinquish request from the central controller.
at a subscriber unit:
(a) transmitting a data channel request to the central controller over a control channel;
(b) receiving a data channel grant from said central controller from said control channel;
at the central controller:
(a) receiving said data channel request from the subscriber unit over said control channel;
(b) allocating, for a time interval, a repeater for data communication;
(c) transmitting said data channel grant to the subscriber unit over said control channel;
(d) transmitting, after said time interval, a data channel relinquish request to said network controller;
at the network controller:
(a) receiving said data channel relinquish request from the central controller.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the network controller step (a) includes the step of transmitting said data channel relinquish request to the subscribers over said data channel.
5. The method of claim 4, which includes the subscriber step of: (c) receiving said data channel relinquish request over said data channel.
6. In a trunked voice/data communication system, having at least one central controller for allocating a plurality of communication channels among a plurality of subscriber units, and at least one network controller for controlling data transfers between a computer and said subscriber units, a method for allocating a data channel comprising the steps of:
at a data-only subscriber unit:
(a) transmitting, regardless of whether a data channel has been assigned, a request to transmit data to the network controller over a predetermined channel;
at the network controller:
(a) receiving said request to transmit data from said predetermined channel;
(b) transmitting a data channel request to the central controller;
(c) receiving a data channel grant from the central controller;
(d) receiving a data channel relinquish request from the central controller:
at the central controller:
(a) receiving said data channel request from the network controller;
(b) allocating, for a time interval, a repeater for data communication;
(c) transmitting said data channel grant to the network controller;
(d) transmitting, after said time interval, said data channel relinquish request to said network controller.
at a data-only subscriber unit:
(a) transmitting, regardless of whether a data channel has been assigned, a request to transmit data to the network controller over a predetermined channel;
at the network controller:
(a) receiving said request to transmit data from said predetermined channel;
(b) transmitting a data channel request to the central controller;
(c) receiving a data channel grant from the central controller;
(d) receiving a data channel relinquish request from the central controller:
at the central controller:
(a) receiving said data channel request from the network controller;
(b) allocating, for a time interval, a repeater for data communication;
(c) transmitting said data channel grant to the network controller;
(d) transmitting, after said time interval, said data channel relinquish request to said network controller.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US4439187A | 1987-04-30 | 1987-04-30 | |
| US44,391 | 1987-04-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1296773C true CA1296773C (en) | 1992-03-03 |
Family
ID=21932130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000557450A Expired - Lifetime CA1296773C (en) | 1987-04-30 | 1988-01-27 | Trunked communication system for voice and data |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR890700974A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1011276B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1598188A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1296773C (en) |
| IN (1) | IN170529B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ223891A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1988008646A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5115233A (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1992-05-19 | Motorola, Inc. | Shared data/voice communication system with programmable data priority |
| US5404392A (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1995-04-04 | International Business Machines Corp. | Digital Cellular Overlay Network (DCON) |
| FI96652C (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-07-25 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | Procedure for allocation of radio channels |
| JPH08287981A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1996-11-01 | Whitaker Corp:The | Electric connector with metal case |
| FR2756697B1 (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 1999-01-29 | Matra Cap Systems Sa | METHOD AND MOBILE RADIO COMMUNICATION STATION, WITH TIME MULTIPLEXING |
| US6529497B1 (en) * | 1998-04-30 | 2003-03-04 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Channel allocation and release for packet data services |
| EP2271170B1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2012-09-05 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for participating in group communication services in an existing communication system |
| GB2366135B (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2004-06-23 | Airspan Networks Inc | Transfer of data packets in a wireless telecommunications system |
| US20050070320A1 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-03-31 | Dent Paul W. | Method and apparatus to reduce dispatch delays in dispatch communication networks |
| EP1875754A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2008-01-09 | Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) | Method, mobile station and base station system for transmitting data packets in a packet data communication system |
| US9271257B2 (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2016-02-23 | Motorola Solutions, Inc. | Method and apparatus for informing a radio of a group-call started while the radio was away from a control channel |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4672601A (en) * | 1984-12-06 | 1987-06-09 | Motorola, Inc. | Duplex interconnect/dispatch trunked radio system |
| US4682367A (en) * | 1985-11-13 | 1987-07-21 | General Electric Company | Mobile radio communications system with join feature |
-
1988
- 1988-01-27 CA CA000557450A patent/CA1296773C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-29 IN IN60/MAS/88A patent/IN170529B/en unknown
- 1988-02-29 WO PCT/US1988/000790 patent/WO1988008646A1/en unknown
- 1988-02-29 AU AU15981/88A patent/AU1598188A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1988-03-15 NZ NZ223891A patent/NZ223891A/en unknown
- 1988-04-19 CN CN88102106A patent/CN1011276B/en not_active Expired
- 1988-12-29 KR KR1019880701752A patent/KR890700974A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU1598188A (en) | 1988-12-02 |
| IN170529B (en) | 1992-04-04 |
| CN88102106A (en) | 1988-11-16 |
| WO1988008646A1 (en) | 1988-11-03 |
| KR890700974A (en) | 1989-04-28 |
| NZ223891A (en) | 1989-10-27 |
| CN1011276B (en) | 1991-01-16 |
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