CA1228727A - Rotating element and display unit using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

ABSTRACT
A rotating display element is provided with a display surface member having a plurality of display surfaces and a display unit uses the display element.
The display surface member of the rotating display element has incorporated therein a permanent magnet type motor mechanism and is driven by the permanent magnet type motor mechanism. The rotor of the permanent magnet type motor mechanism has first and second double-pole permanent magnet members, and its stator has first and second magnetic members having wound thereon first and second exciting windings, respectively. The display unit has first and second power supply means for supplying power to the first exciting winding and third and fourth power supply means for supplying power to the second exciting winding. The plurality of display surfaces of the display surface member can selectively be directed to the front by supplying power to the first exciting winding via the first or second power supply means and by supplying power to the second exciting winding via the third or fourth power supply means. A display panel can be constituted by arranging, in a matrix form, a number of such display units each employing the rotating display element.

Description

1>7Z7 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the invention The present invention relates to a rotating display element which is provided with a display surface member having a plurality of display surfaces and is arranged to select one of the display surfaces by rotating the display surface member and, further, the invention pertains to a display unit using such rotating display elements.
Description of the Prior Art Heretofore, various rotating display elements have been proposed, which are, however, defective in that the rotating mechanism for driving the display surface member must be provided separately of the rotating display element, or in that a selected one of the display surfaces of the display surface member does not assume a correct position.
Furthermore, a variety of display units using the rotating display elements have also been proposed in the past but, in addition to the above said defects of the rotating display elements, the conventional display units possess the drawback of involving the use of complex means for selecting the plurality of display surfaces of the display surface member of the rotating display element.

YO-YO

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is to provide a novel rotating display element free from the above said defects and a display unit using such display elements.
According to the display element of the present invention, only by supplying a power source to a first exciting winding of a stators of a motor mechanism through first or second power supply means and by supplying a power source to a second exciting winding of the stators of the motor mechanism through a third or fourth power supply means, a selected one of the plurality of display surfaces of the display surface member can be caused to face forwardly. Therefore, it is possible, with a simple arrangement, to selectively direct the plurality of display surfaces of the display surface member to the front.
Further, according to the display element of the present invention, even if the power supply to the advised first and second exciting windings are cut off after the plurality of display surfaces of the display surface member are selectively directed to the front, since first and second double-pole permanent magnet members of a rotor forming the above said motor mechanism act on first and second magnetic members of ~287~

the stators forming the motor mechanism, the display surface member can be held with a selected one of the plurality of display surfaces thereof facing to the front. Consequently, no unnecessary power consumption is incurred.
Moreover, according to the display element of the present invention, the above-mentioned motor mechanism is incorporated in the display surface member.
Accordingly, there is no need of preparing a display surface member driving mechanism separately of the display element.
In addition, according to the display unit of the present invention, the above said display element of the present invention is employed, and the device for driving the display element is required only to have first and second power supply means for supplying power to the first and second exciting windings of the display element and third and fourth power supply means for supplying power to the second exciting winding. Accordingly, the display element can be driven with a simple arrangement.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating, in principle, an embodiment of the display unit employing rotating display elements according to the present ~.~28~

invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view, partly in section, showing an example of the rotating display elements used in the display unit depicted in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a similar front view partly in section.
Fig. 4 is a side view, partly in section, as viewed from the line IV-IV in Fig. 2.
Figs. S to 17 are schematic diagrams explanatory of the operation of the display unit of the present invention shown in Fig. 1.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Fig. 1 illustrates, in principle, an embodiment of the display unit employing a rotating display element of the present invention. The display unit is provided with a rotating display element (hereinafter referred to simply as display element for the sake of brevity) E and a driving device G for driving the display element E.
The display element E has a display surface member D and a permanent magnet type motor mechanism ( hereinafter referred to simply as motor mechanism for the sake of brevity) identified by Q in Figs. 2 to 4.
As will be seen from Figs. 2 to 4, an example of the display surface member D is a tubular body and has four display panels Ho, Ho, Ho and Ho disposed around ~L22~37~7 its axis at equiangular intervals of 90. On the outer surfaces of the four display panels Ho, Ho, Ho and Ho are formed display surfaces F1, F2, F3 and F4, respectively.
An example of the motor mechanism Q has a rotary shaft 11, and the rotary shaft 11 has mounted thereon two double-pole permanent magnet members My and My which are disposed side by side in the lengthwise direction of the rotate shaft 11 and each of which has north and south magnetic poles. The one double-pole permanent magnet member My is, for example, a disc-shaped one and, on its outer peripheral surface, the north and south magnetic poles are spaced apart an angular distance of 180 around the rotary shaft 11.
The other double-pole permanent magnet member My is also a disc-shaped one and, on its outer peripheral surface, the north and south magnetic poles are spaced apart an angular distance of 180 around the rotary shaft 11.
The north and south poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are disposed around the rotary shaft 11 at an angular distance 'worry I
has a value represented by 0 I < 180 ) apart from the south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet members My. In the drawings, ~.2Z~3727 there is shown the case where I = 0, for the sake of supplest The rotary shaft 11 and the double-pole permanent magnet members My and My, mentioned above, constitute a rotor R of the motor mechanism Q.
The rotor R of the motor mechanism Q is rotatable supported by a support 15 which is composed of left, right and rear panels 12, 13 and 14. That is, the rotary shaft 11 forming the rotor R is pivotal mounted between the left and the right panels 12 and 13 of the support 15.
An example of the motor mechanism Q comprises a magnetic member By which has magnetic poles Pi and Pi acting on the north and south magnetic poles of the above said double-pole permanent magnet member My, a magnetic member By which similarly has magnetic poles Pi and Pi acting on the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My, an exciting winding Lo wound on the magnetic member By in a manner to excite the magnetic poles Pi and Pi in reverse polarities, and an exciting winding Lo wound on the magnetic member By in a manner to excite the magnetic poles Pi and Pi in reverse polarities.
The magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are spaced apart an angular distance of 180 ~12287Z7 around tune axis of the rotor R, i. e. the rotary shaft 11.
The magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are also spaced apart an angular distance of 180 around the rotary shaft 11 of the rotor R. But the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are spaced an angular distance +90 I apart from the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By.
In the drawings, however, there is shown the case where I assay mentioned previously and +90 is selected from +90 and, accordingly, the above said magnetic poles Pi and Pi are spaced +90 apart from the magnetic pole Pi and Pi.
The magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By and the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By respectively extend over an angular range of about 90~ around the rewrote shaft 11 of the rotor R.
The magnetic members By and By and the exciting windings Lo and Lo form a stators S of the motor mechanism Q.
The stators S of the motor mechanism Q is fixedly supported by the aforementioned support 15. That is, the magnetic member By and the exciting winding Lo wound thereon are fixed to the support 15 through a 87;~

support rod 16 which extends between the position of the exciting winding Lo and the inner side wall of the right panel 13 of the support 15. Likewise the magnetic member By and the exciting winding Lo wound thereon are fixed to the support 15 through a support rod 17 which extends between the position of the exciting winding Lo and the inner side wall of the left panel 12 of the support 15.
The display surface member D is mounted on the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q in such a manner that it houses therein the motor mechanism Q. That is, four support rods K1, K2, K3 and K4, extending in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11 at 90 intervals, are fixed at one end to the rotary shaft 11 between the double-pole permanent magnet members My and ~52 mounted on the rotary shaft, the free ends of the support rods K1, K2, K3 and K4 being secured to the display panels Ho, Ho, Ho and Ho of the display surface member D on the inside thereof, respectively.
In this case, the display surface member D is mounted on the rotor R in such a manner that, as shown in Figs. S, 9, 12 and 15, the display surface F1 of the display surface member D faces to the front when the rotor R assumes such a rotational position (which will hereinafter be referred to as the first ~L2~872~

rotational position) where the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to trailing ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By in the clockwise direction, respectively, and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to leading ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By in the clockwise direction, respectively.
Further, the display surface member D is mounted on the rotor R in such a manner that, as shown in Figs. 6, 13 and 16, the display surface F4 of the display surface member D faces to the front when the rotor R assumes such a rotational position (which will hereinafter be referred to as the fourth rotational position) where the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My confront the leading ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By in the clockwise direction, respectively, and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My confront the trailing ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By in the clockwise direction, respectively.
Moreover, the display surface member D is mounted ~2~727 on the rotor R in such a manner that, as shown in Figs. 7, 10 and 17, the display surface F2 of the display surface member D faces to the front when the rotor R assumes such a rotational position (which will hereinafter be referred to as the second station Al position) where the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the leading ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By in the clockwise direction, respectively, and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the trailing ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By in the clockwise direction, respectively.
Furthermore, the display surface member D is mounted on the rotor R in such a manner that, as shown in Figs. 8, 11 and 14, the display surface F3 of the display surface member D faces to the front when the rotor R assumes such a rotational position (which will hereinafter be referred to as the third rotational position) where the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member Ml confront the trailing ends a of the magnetic pole portions Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By in the clockwise direction, respectively, and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My confront the leading ends _ of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By in the clockwise direction, respectively.
As illustrated in Figs. 5 to 17, the driving device G is provided with power supply means Jo for supplying power to the exciting winding Lo which forms the stators S of the motor mechanism Q so that the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By serve as north and south magnetic poles, respectively, power supply means Jo for supplying power to the exciting winding Lo so that the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By serve as south and north magnetic poles, respectively, power supply means Jo for supplying power to the exciting winding Lo which forms the stators S of the motor mechanism Q so that the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By act as north and south magnetic poles, respectively, and power supply means Jo far supplying power to the exciting winding Lo so that the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By act as south and north magnetic poles, respectively.
An example of the power supply means Jo has such an arrangement that the positive side of a DC power source 20 is connected to one end of the exciting I

winding Lo via a movable contact c and a fixed contact a of a change-over switch We and the negative side of the DC power source 20 is connected directly to the mid point of the exciting winding Lo.
An example of the power supply means Jo has such an arrangement that the positive side of the DC power source 20 is connected to the other end of the exciting winding Lo via the movable contact C and another fixed contact b of the change-over switch We and the negative side of the DC power source 20 is connected to the mid point of the exciting winding Lo.
An example of the power supply means Jo has such an arrangement that the positive side of the DC power source 20 is connected to one end of the exciting winding Lo via a movable contact c and a fixed contact a of a change-over switch We and the negative side of the DC power source 20 is connected directly to the mid point of the exciting winding Lo.
An example of the power supply means Jo has such an arrangement that the positive side of the DC power source 20 is connected to the other end of the exciting winding Lo via the movable contact c and another contact b of the change-over switch We and the negative side of the DC power source 20 is connected to the mid point of the exciting winding Lo.

~;~2~37~7 The foregoing has clarified the outline of the arrangement of an embodiment of the display unit employing the rotating display elements according to the present invention. Next, a description will be given of details of the arrangement and its operation.
With the above-described arrangement of the display unit employing the rotating display elements according to the present invention, the rotor R forming the motor mechanism Q has the two double-pole permanent magnet members My and My mounted on the rotary shaft 11, and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are spaced an angular distance of worry I= inn the drawings) apart around the rotary shaft 11.
The foregoing has clarified the outline of the arrangement of an embodiment of the display unit employing the rotating display elements according to the present invention. Next, a description will be given of details of the arrangement and its operation.
With the above-described arrangement of the display unit employing the rotating display elements according to the present invention, the rotor R
forming the motor mechanism Q has the two double-pole ~2Z~3~27 permanent magnet members My and My mounted on the rotary shaft 11, and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are spaced an angular distance of worry ED =0 in the drawings) apart around the rotary shaft 11.
On the other hand, the stators S forming the motor mechanism Q has the magnetic member By which is provided with the magnetic poles Pi and Pi spaced a 180 angular distance apart around the rotary shaft 11, for acting on the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My, and the magnetic member By which has the magnetic poles Pi and Pi spaced an angular distance of +90~+~ apart from the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the double-pole permanent magnet member My and disposed at 90 intervals around the rotary shaft 11, for acting on the north and south magnetic polls of the double-pole permanent magnet member My. The magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By extend around the rotary shaft 11 over an angular range of 90 , and the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By similarly extend around the rotary shaft 11 over an angular range of 90 .

~L22~72~7 With such an arrangement, in the case where the movable contacts c of the aforesaid change-over switches We and We are connected to fixed contacts d other than the aforesaid ones a and b and, consequently, no power is supplied to either of the exciting windings Lo and Lo of the stators S, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned first rotational position where the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, respect lively, and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite lo the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, respectively, as illustrated in Figs. 5, 9, 12 and 15, the aforementioned fourth rotational position where the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, respectively, and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By as shown in Figs. 6, 13 and 16, the aforementioned second rotational position where the north and south ~2;~8~727 magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, rest pectively, and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By as shown in Figs. 7, 10 and 17, or the aforementioned third rotational position where the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, respectively, and the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By as illustrated in Figs. 8, 11 and 14.
The reason is as follows:
That is, in a case where the rotor R is caused, by small torque, to rotate counterclockwise from its first rotational position shown in Figs. 5, 9, 12 and 15, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a ~22~

rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member so, there develops in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R
from rotating counterclockwise. Further, in a case where the rotor R is caused, by small torque, to rotate clockwise from its first rotational position shown in Figs. 5, 9, 12 and 15, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member so, there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating aloe-kwise,-but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, there develops in the double-pole permanent magnet My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise.
In a case where the rotor R is caused, by a small torque, to rotate clockwise from its fourth rotational 87~

position shown in Figs. 6, 13 and 16, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, there develops in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise. Further, in a case where the rotor R is caused, by small torque, to rotate counter-clockwise from its fourth rotational position shown in Figs. 6, 13 and 16, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out ox the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My move out of the opposing relation to ~L22,~3~2~

the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, there develops in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R
from rotating counterclockwise.
In a case where the rotor R is caused, by small torque, to rotate clockwise from its second rotational position shown in Figs. 7, 10 and 17, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, there develops in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise. Further, in a case where the rotor R is caused, by small torque, to rotate counter-clockwise from its second rotational position shown in Figs. 7, 10 and 17, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic 87~

poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member so, there does not develop in the double pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of -the double-pole permanent magnet member My move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, there develops in the double-pole permanent magnet My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise.
In a case where the rotor R is caused, by small torque, to rotate counterclockwise from its third rotational position shown in Figs. 8, 11 and 14, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member so, there aloes not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member so, there develops in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R

~2~3727 from rotating counterclockwise. Further, in a case where the rotor R is caused, by small torque, to rotate clockwise from its third rotational position shown in Figs. 8, 11 and 14, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, there does not develop in the double-pole per ma-next magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member Ml move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnet tic member By, there develops in the double-pole per-Mennonite magnet My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise.
For the reasons given above, when no power is supplied to either of the exciting windings Lo and Lo of the stators S, the rotor R assume any one of the aforesaid first, second, third and fourth rotational positions.
Furthermore, as described previously, the display surface member D is mounted on the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q so that the display surfaces F1, F2, F3 and F4 respectively face to the front when the ~L2287~:7 rotor R assumes the above said first, second, third and fourth rotational positions.
Now, let it be assumed that the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q lies at the first rotational post-lion and, consequently, the display element E is in such a state that the display surface F1 of the display surface member D faces to the front. (This state will hereinafter be referred to as the first state.) In such a first state of the display element E, even if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo forming the stators S of the motor mechanism Q and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the above said power supply, as shown in Fig. 5, the display element E is retained in the first state.
The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By become south and north magnetic poles, respectively, to produce a small counterclockwise rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet member My, by which the rotor R tends to rotate counterclockwise. By the power supply to ~2~8~

the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By become south and north magnetic poles, rest pectively, to produce a small clockwise rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet member My, by which the rotor R tends to rotate clockwise.
Accordingly, there develops in the rotor R no rotating torque, or only a small counterclockwise or clockwise rotating torque. In a case where the small counter-clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, nod south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member I remain in the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnet tic member By now having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, so that there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents counterclockwise rotational movement of the ~2~8~27 rotor R. Further, in a case where the above said small clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi or the magnetic member By having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, so that there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My get out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the clockwise rotational movement of the rotor R.
For the reason given above, even if power is supplied to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo when the display element E is in the first state, the display element E remain in the first state.
When the display element E is in the first state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and 7;~7 power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the above said power supply, as shown in Fig. 6, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned fourth rotational position, by which the display element E is switched to the state in which to direct its display surface F4 to the front (which state will hereinafter be referred to as the fourth state) and is held in the fourth state.
The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, but, in this case, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member I are opposite to the ends a of-the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My and, even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque. By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, and, in -this case, since the north and mac3netic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is produced yin the double-pole permanent magnet My owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north rnaynetic pole o-f the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of -the magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 45 from the aforesaid first rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move in-to opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if generated, Lo Lo only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, slyness the north and south magnetic poles of the c:loub:Le-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic ~22~ 7 poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 90 from the above said first rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque.
But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, ~L~2137Z~

respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise in excess of from the first state. Therefore, the rotor R does not turn counterclockwise in excess of 90 from the first rotational position.
for the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid first state, the display element E is switched to the fourth state and is held in the fourth state.
When the display element E is in the first state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the above said power supply, as shown in Fig. 7, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned second rotational position, by which the display element E is switched to the state in which to direct its display surface F2 to the front (which state will hereinafter be referred to as the second state) and is held in the second state.

~12~872'7 The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, but, in this case, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My and, even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the north and magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent My lie opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, a large clockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the ~2287Z:~

magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a large clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and-the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 45 from the aforesaid first rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if generated, it is only a small counterclockwise notating torque.
But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R turns if ~21~7;;~

clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 90 from the above said first state, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member so now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rota-tying torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise in excess of 90 from the first state.
Therefore, the rotor R does not turn clockwise in excess of 90 from the First rotational position.
For the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid first state, the display element E is switched to the second state and ~22~3~27 is held in the second state.
When the display element E is in the first state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the above said power supply, as shown in Fig. 8, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned third rotational position, by which the display element E is switched to the state in which to direct its display surface F3 to the front (which state will hereinafter be referred to as the third state) and is held in the third state.
The reason is as follows:
Let it be assumed that power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little after the start of the above said power supply. In such a case, by the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the north and magnetic poles of the double-pole ~2~37~7 permanent magnet My lie opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, a large clockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In cons-quince, a clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns counterclockwise When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 45 from the aforesaid first state, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively a large clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi.

I

~2;~:~7~7 Further, if the aforesaid power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo is effected at or in the vicinity of the point of time when the rotor R has turned clockwise more than 45 from the aforementioned first rotational position, then the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, at that point of time and, in this case, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie in opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respectively, a clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi As a result of this, the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 9n from the above said first state, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My ~:28727 turn into opposing relation to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are in opposing Bela-lion to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large clockwise rotating torque owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 135 from the aforesaid first rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move into opposing relation to the magnetic 7~7 poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if generated, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque.
sup, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole per ma-next magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of from the above said first rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnet tired with the south and north magnetic poles, respect 122~37~7 lively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise in excess of 180 from the first state. Therefore, the rotor R does not turn clockwise in excess of l80 from the first rotational position.
The above description has been given of the case where power is supplied first to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little after the above power supply but, on the contrary, in a case where power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo after a little time, the rotor R turns by 180 from the first rotational position in the counterclockwise direction reverse from that in the above, though not described in de-tail.

1~:287~7 for the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid first state, the display element E is switched to the third state and is held in the third state.
Now, let it be assumed that the rotor R of the motor mechanism lies at the fourth rotational position and, consequently, the display element E is in the fourth state that the display surface F4 of the display surface member D faces to the front. In such a fourth state of the display element E, even if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo forming the stators S of the motor mechanism Q and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the above said power supply, as shown in Fig. I the display element E
remains in the fourth state.
The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with south and north magnetic poles, respectively, to pro-I

dupe a small clockwise rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet member My, by which the rotor R
tends to rotate clockwise. By the power supply to the reciting indwelling Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi ox the magnetic rrlerrlber By are magnetized with north and south magnetic poles, respectively, to produce a small counter-clockwise rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet member My, by which the rotor R tends to rotate counterclockwise. Accordingly, there develops in the rotor R no rotating torque, or only a small clockwise or counterclockwise rotating torque. In a case where -the small clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My remain in the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, so that there does not develop in -the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from :rotat:incJ clockwise. But, since -the north and south macJnt-lt:ic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet mulberry My move out of the opposing relation to the mclgnetic poles Pi and Pi of-the magnetic member By now having become the south and north magnetic poles, I

~2~727 respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents clockwise rotational movement of the rotor R.
Further, in a case where the above said small counter-clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, so that there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating count terclockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My get out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the counterclockwise rotational move-mint of the rotor R.
For the reason given above, even if power is supplied to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo when the display element E is in the fourth state, the display element E
remains in the fourth state.

'11 ~228~727 When the display element E is in the fourth state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the above said power supply, as shown in Fig. 9, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned first rotational position, by which the display element E is switched to the first state in which to direct its display surface F1 to the front and is held in the first state.
The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, but, in this case, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends _ of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My and, even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnet tic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, a large clockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 45 from the aforesaid fourth state, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole per ma-next magnet Ml, or even if generated, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque. But, since ~L228727 the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnet tic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 90 from the above said fourth state, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poses, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole per ma-next magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and ~22~72~7 north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise in excess of 90 from the fourth state. Therefore, the rotor R does not turn clockwise in excess of 90 from the fourth state.
for the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid fourth state, the display element E is switched to the first state and is held in the first state.
When the display element E is in the fourth state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the above said power supply, as shown in Fig. 10, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned second rotational position, by which the display element E is switched to the second state in which to direct its display surface F2 to the front and is held in the second state.
The reason is as follows:

lZ2~727 Let it be assumed that power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little after the start of the above said power supply.
In such a case, by the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet Ml lie opposite to the ends b of the magnetic s Pi, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet Ml owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In con-sequence, a counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 45 ~L~872~

from the aforesaid fourth rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet Ml approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet Ml by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet Ml and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi.
Further, if the aforesaid power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo is effected at or in the vicinity of the point of time when the rotor R has turned counterclockwise more than 45 from the aforementioned fourth rotational position, then -the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the south magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, at that point of time and, in this case, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie in opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respect lively, a counterclockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by ~2287~7 virtue of a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi.
As a result of this, the rotor R turns counter-clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 135 from the above said fourth rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large counter-clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pilaf the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R
turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 180 from the above said fourth rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque.
But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnet tired with the south and north magnetic poles, respect lively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise in excess of 180 from the first state. Therefore, the rotor R
does not turn counterclockwise in excess of 180 from ~22~37~7 the first rotational position.
The above description has been given of the case where power is supplied first to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little after the above power supply but, on the contrary, in a case where power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little after the former power supply, the rotor R
turns by 180~ from the first rotational position in the clockwise direction reverse from that in the above, though not described in detail.
For the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid fourth state, the display element E is switched to the second state and is held in the second state.
When the display element E is in the fourth state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo ~L2;~37;;~7 a little before or after the start of the former power supply, as shown in Fig. 11, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned third rotation net position, by which the display element E is switched to the third state in which to direct its display surface F3 to the front and is held in the third state.
The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, but, in this case, since the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My or, even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque. By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means I however, the magnet tic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the north and magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi :~2287~

and Pi, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a counter-clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 45v from the aforesaid fourth rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if generated, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large counter-clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-~28~

pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractiveEorce between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and -the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R
turns counterclockwise.
When -the rotor R thus -turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 90 from the above said fourth rotational position, since -the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque.
But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double pole permanent magrlet My are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now mug-noticed with the south end north magrletic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rotating torque which prevents -the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise in ~2;~872:7 excess of 90 from the fourth rotational position.
Therefore, the rotor R does not turn counterclockwise in excess of from the fourth rotational position.
For the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid fourth state, the display element E is switched to the third state and is held in the third state.
Now, let it be assumed that the rotor R of the motor mechanism lies at the second rotational position and, consequently, the display element E is in the second state that the display surface F2 of the display surface member D faces to the front. In such a second state of the display element E, even if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo forming the stators S of the motor mechanism Q and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the former power supply, as shown in Fig. 7, the display element E remains in the second state.
The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo ~2~:87~:~

via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north ens south magnetic poles, respectively, to produce a small clockwise rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet member My, by which the rotor R tends to rotate clockwise. sty the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, to produce a small counterclockwise rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet member My, by which the rotor R tends to rotate counterclockwise. Accordingly, there develops in the rotor R no rotating torque, or only a small counterclockwise or clockwise or clockwise rotating torque. In a case where the small clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My remain in the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now having become the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, so that there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise. But, since the north and south magnetic Lo 7 poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My move out of the opposing relation to -the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now having become the south and north magnetic poles, respect lively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a notating torque which prevents clockwise rotational movement of the rotor R.
Further, in a case where the above said small counter-clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do no-t move out of the opposing relation -to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, so that there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member I a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My get out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the counterclockwise rotational movement of the rotor R.
For the reason given above, even if power is ~Z~:8~7 supplied to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo when the display element E is in the second state, the display element E remain in the second state.
When the display element E is in the second state, if power is supplier for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the former power supply, as shown in Fig. 12, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned first rotation net position, by which the display element E is switched to the first state in which to direct its display surface F1 to the front and is held in the first state.
The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, but, in this case, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in ~287;~7 the double-pole permanent magnet member My or, even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque. By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnet tic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 45 from the aforesaid second rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move into opposing relation to the ~22~3'727 magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if generated, it is only a small clockwise notating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large counter-clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R
turns counterclockwise.
hen the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 90 from the above said second rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, ~z~8~

respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque.
But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise in excess of 90 from the second rotational position.
Therefore, the rotor R does not turn counterclockwise in excess of 90 from the second rotational position.
For the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid second state, the display element E is switched to the first state and is held in the first state.
When the display element E is in the second state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the former power ~22872~7 supply, as shown in Fig. 13, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned fourth rotational position, by which the display element E is switched to the state in which to direct its display surface F4 to the front and is held in the fourth state.
The reason is as follows:
Let it be assumed that power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little after the start of the former power supply.
In such a case, by the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the south and north and magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie opposite to the ends _ of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet ~11 owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole Al of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In cons-quince, a counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns counter-clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 45 from the aforesaid second state, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi.
Further, if the aforesaid power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo is effected at or in the vicinity of the point of time when the rotor R has turned counterclockwise more than from the aforementioned second rotational position, then the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic ~L2;~7~7 member By are magnetized with the north and magnetic poles, respectively, at that point of time and, in this case, since the no to and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie in opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respective-lye a large counterclockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi.
As a result of this, the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 90 from the above said second rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise ~2%87~7 rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are in opposing relation to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large counterclockwise rotating torque owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R
turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 135 from the aforesaid second rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if generated, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, ~22~72~

since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large counter-clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R
turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 180 from the above said second rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque.
But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are out of opposing ~22~

relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise in excess of 180 from the second state. Therefore, the rotor R does not turn counterclockwise in excess of 180 from the second rotational position.
The above description has been given of the case where power is supplied first to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little after the former power supply but, on the contrary, in a case where power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little time after the former power supply, the rotor R
turns by from the first rotational position in the clockwise direction reverse from that in the above, though not described in detail.
For the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid second state, the I

8~7;Z~7 display element E is held in the fourth state.
When the display element E is in the second state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply Means Jo a little before or after the start of the former power supply, as shown in fig. 14, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned third rota-tonal position, by which the display element E is switched to the third state in which to direct its display surface F3 to the front and is held in the third state.
The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, but, in this case, since the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My and, even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. By the power supply to the exciting winding 37~7 Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the north and magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, a large clockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole ox the magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 45~ from the aforesaid second rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if generated, it is only a small counterclockwise notating torque.
But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 90 from the above said second rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the ~228727 double-pole permanent magnet ~11 are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise in excess of 90~ from the second state. Therefore, the rotor R
does not turn clockwise in excess of 90 from the second rotational position.
For the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid second state, the display element E is switched to the third state and is held in the third state.
Now, let it be assumed that the rotor R of the motor mechanism lies at the third rotational position and, consequently, the display element E is in the third state that the display surface F3 of the display surface member D faces to the front. In such a third state of the display element E, even if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo forming the stators S of the motor mechanism Q and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the ~2;~87~

power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the former power supply, as shown in Fig. 8, the display element E remains in the third state.
The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member so are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, to produce a small counterclockwise rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet member My, by which the rotor R tends to rotate counterclockwise. By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles respectively, to pro-dupe a small clockwise rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet member I by which the rotor R
tends to rotate clockwise. Accordingly, there develops in the rotor R no rotating torque, or only a small counterclockwise or clockwise rotating torque.
In a case where the small clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My remain in the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now ~2;28~

having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, so that there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise. But since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now having become the south and north magnetic poles, respect lively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents clockwise rotational movement of the rotor R.
Further, in a case where the above said small counter-clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My do not move out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi having become the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, so that there does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member Ml a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating count terclockwise, but since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My get out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By having become the ~22~372~

south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there it produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My a rotating torque which prevents the counterclockwise rotational movement of the rotor R.
For the reason given above, even if power is supplied to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo when the display element E is in the third state, the display element E remains in the third state.
When the display element E is in the third state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power it supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the former power supply, as shown in Fig. 15, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned first rotation net position, by which the display element E is switched to the state in which to direct its display surface Fly to the front and is held in the first state.
The reason is as follows:
Let it be assumed that power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via ~2;~87;Z 7 the power supply means Jo a little after the start of the former power supply.
In such a case, by the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, a large clockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 45 from the aforesaid third rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, ~2213~;~7 respectively, a large clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi.
Further, if the aforesaid power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means I is effected at or in the vicinity of the point of time when the rotor R has turned clockwise more than 45 from the aforementioned third rotational position, then the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, at that point of time and, in this case, since the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie in opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respectively, a clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole 8~7~7 permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi.
As a result of this, the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 90 from the above said third rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are in opposing relation to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large clockwise rotating torque owing to a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south 7~:7 magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In con-sequence, a clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor rotates clockwise in excess of 135~ from the aforesaid third rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent macJnet My move into opposing relation -to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnet tired with -the south and north magnetic poles respect lively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if generated, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large clockwise rotating -torque is generated in the double-pole per ma-next magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between -the north magnetic pole of the double-pole pe:rrrlanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between -the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent mclcJnet My and -the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R turns ~Z2~

clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 180 from the above said third rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnet tired with the south and north magnetic poles, respect lively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet No a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise in excess of 180 from the third rotational position. Therefore, the rotor R does not turn clockwise in excess of 180~ from the third state.
The above description has been given of the case where power is supplied first to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little after the former power supply ~221~37~7 but, on the contrary, in a case where power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo and then power is supplied to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little after the former power supply, the rotor R
turns by from the third rotational position in the counterclockwise direction reverse prom that in the above, though not described in detail.
For the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid third state, the display element E is held in the first state.
When the display element E is in the third state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the former power supply, as shown in Fugue, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned fourth rota-tonal position, by which the display element E is switched to the fourth state in which to direct its display surface F4 to the front and is held in the forth state.

~221372~

The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, but, in this case, since the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member My are opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member My or, even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, a large clockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My owing Jo a repulsive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 45 from the aforesaid third rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnet tired with the south and north magnetic poles, respect lively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if generated, it is only a small counterclockwise notating torque. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R turns ~228~727 clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 90 from the above said third rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnet tired with the south and north magnetic poles, respect lively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating torque. But since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise in excess of 90 from the third rotational position. Therefore, the rotor R does not turn clockwise in excess of 90 from the third rota-tonal position.
For the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid third state, the display element E is switched to the fourth state and is held in the fourth state.
When the display element E is in the third state, if power is supplied, for a very short time, via the power supply means Jo to the exciting winding Lo and power is supplied, for a very short time, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo a little before or after the start of the former power supply, as shown in Fig. 17, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q assumes the aforementioned second rotation net position, by which the display element E is switched to the second state in which to direct its display surface F2 to the front and is held in the second state.
The reason is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively, but, in this case, since the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member Ml are opposite to the ends a of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet member Ml, or even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating ~2~3727 torque. By the power supply to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, however, the magnet tic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, and, in this case, since the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My lie opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My owing to a repulsive force between the north magnet tic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and a repulsive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. In consequence, a counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, and the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates counterclockwise in excess of 45 from the aforesaid third rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My move into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is produced in the I

~22872~

double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if generated, it is only a small clockwise rotating tongue. But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My approach the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, a large counter-clockwise rotating torque is generated in the double-pole permanent magnet My by virtue of an attractive force between the north magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the south magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi and an attractive force between the south magnetic pole of the double-pole permanent magnet My and the north magnetic pole of the magnetic pole Pi. As a result of this, the rotor R
turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and the rotor R rotates clockwise in excess of 90 from the above said third rotational position, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By now magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively, no rotating torque is developed in the double-pole permanent magnet My, or even if produced, it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque.

I

But, since the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet My are out of opposing relation to the magnetic poles Pi and Pi now magnet tired with the south and north magnetic poles, respect lively, there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet My a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating counterclockwise in excess of 90 from the third rotational position. Therefore, the rotor R does not turn counterclockwise in excess of 90 from the third rotational position.
For the reason given above, supplying power to the exciting windings Lo and Lo via the power supply means Jo and Jo, respectively, when the display element E assumes the aforesaid third state, the display element E is switched to the second state and is held in the second state.
The foregoing description has clarified the arrangement of an example of the display unit employing the rotating display elements of the present invention.
As will be appreciated from the foregoing description, according to the present invention, the display surfaces F1, F4, F2 and F3 of the display surface member D constituting the display element E
can selectively be directed to the front by simply ~2~:~72~

selecting operations of:
(i) Supplying power, via the power supply means Jo forming the drive device G, to the exciting winding Lo of the stators S of the motor mechanism Q forming the display element E, and supplying power, from a point of time a little before or after the above power supply, to the exciting winding Lo of the stators S of the motor mechanism Q via the power supply means Lo forming the drive device G;
(ii) Supplying power to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, and supplying power, from a point of time a little before or after the above power supply, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo forming the drive device G;
(iii) Supplying power to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, and supplying power, from a point of time a little before or after the above power supply, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo; and live Supplying power to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo, and supplying power, from a point of time a little before or after the above power supply, to the exciting winding Lo via the power supply means Jo.
In the case where the display surfaces F1, F2, F3 87~7 and F4 of the display surface member D are selected to face to the front, even if the power supply to the exciting windings Lo and Lo of the stators S of the motor mechanism Q is OFF, the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet members My and My of the rotor R constituting the motor mechanism Q act on the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By of the stators S forming the motor mechanism Q and the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By of the stators S, so that the display surfaces Fly F2, F3 and F4 of the display surface member D are selectively directed to the front, in position without the necessity of providing any particular means therefore Further, no power consumption is involved thoroughfare.
Since the display element E has incorporated, in the display surface member D, the motor mechanism Q
for turning the display surface member D, a drive mechanism for turning the display surface member D
need not be provided separately of the display element E.
The means for selecting the display surfaces F1, F2, F3 and F4 of the display surface member D of the display element E is very simple because it is formed by the power supply means Jo and Jo for the exciting winding Lo of the stators S forming the motor mechanism Q and the power supply means Jo and Jo for the exciting winding Lo of the stators S.
The foregoing description has been given of only one example of the display unit employing the rotating display elements of the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be effected.
For example, i-t is also possible that the double-pole permanent magnet members My and My of the rotor R
making up the motor mechanism Q are formed as if constituted by such a single double-pole permanent magnet member that its portions divided into two in its axial direction serve as the double-pole permanent magnet members My and My although no detailed description will be given (in this case, aforementioned is 0). With such an arrangement, too, the same operational effects as those described previously can be obtained, though not described in detail.
In the foregoing, it has been described, with respect to the magnetic members By and By, that the angular ranges of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By and the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member By, around the shaft 11 of the rotor R, are substantially 90 but, in connection with 12~87Z7 the double-pole permanent magnet members My and My, no particular reference has been made to effective angular ranges of their north and south magnetic poles around the shaft 11 of the rotor R, as viewed from the -free end faces of their north and south magnetic poles. The effective angular ranges may preferably be relatively narrow ones less than 45D, but they may tyke any values so long as they are smaller than 45 .
Moreover, it is also possible that the effective angular ranges of the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet members My and My around the shaft 11 of the rotor R, as viewed from the free end faces of their north and south magnetic poles is selected approximately 90 and the angular ranges of the magnetic poles Pi and Pi of the magnetic member so and the magnetic poles Pi and Pi o-E the magnetic member By, around the shaft 11 of the rotor R is selected less than 45~ or so correspondingly. This also produces the same operational effects as those described previously.
While the foregoing description has been given of the case where the rotor R is a so-called inner rotor type, it will be seen that the rotor can be formed as an outer rotor type.
According to the present invention, by producing ~22~ 7 a panel which has many display elements arranged in a matrix form on a common flat or curved surface, through using a number of display units of the present invention, a plurality of display surfaces of the many display elements can selectively be directed to the front, so that it is possible to display letters, symbols, graphic forms, patterns and so forth on the panel. Accordingly, the present invention can be applied, for example, to an advertising panel, a traffic sign and the like.
Various other modifications and variations may be effected without departing from the scope of the spirits of the present invention.

Claims (4)

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN
EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED
AS FOLLOWS:

1. A rotating display element, characterized by the provision of a display surface member having a plurality of display surfaces, and a permanent magnet type motor mechanism;
wherein the display surface member is mounted on the rotor of the permanent magnet type motor mechanism so that it incorporates therein the permanent magnet type motor mechanism;
wherein the plurality of display surfaces of the display surface member are arranged side by side around the axis of the rotor;
wherein either one of the rotor and stators of the permanent magnet type motor mechanism has first and second double-pole permanent magnet members respec-tively having north and south magnetic poles and disposed side by side in the axial direction of the rotor;
wherein the north and south magnetic poles of the first double-pole permanent magnet member are disposed around the axis of the rotor at an angular distance of 180° from each other;
wherein the north and south magnetic poles of the second double-pole permanent magnet member are disposed around the axis of the rotor at an angular distance of ?.alpha.° (where .alpha.° has a value represented by 0° ? .alpha.° < 180°) from the north and south magnetic poles of the first double-pole permanent magnet member and at an angular distance of 180° from each other;
wherein the other of the rotor and the stator of the permanent magnet type motor has a first magnetic member provided with first and second magnetic poles acting on the north and south magnetic poles of the first double-pole permanent magnet member, a second magnetic member provided with third and fourth magnetic poles acting on the north and south magnetic poles of the second double-pole permanent magnet member, a first exciting winding wound on the first magnetic member in manner to excite the first and second magnetic poles in reverse polarities, and a second exciting winding wound on the second magnetic member in a manner to excite the third and fourth magnetic poles in reverse polarities;
wherein the first and second magnetic poles of the first magnetic member are disposed around the axis of the rotor at an angular distance of 180°; and wherein the third and fourth magnetic poles of the second magnetic member are disposed around the axis of the rotor at an angular distance of ?90° ?.alpha.°
from the first and second magnetic poles of the first magnetic member and at an angular distance of 180°
from each other.

2. A rotating display element as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first and second magnetic poles of the first magnetic member and the third and fourth magnetic poles of the second magnetic member each extend around the axis of the rotor over an angular distance of about 90°.

3. A rotating display element as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the number of the plurality of display surface of the display surface member is four.

4. A display unit, characterized by the provision of a rotating display element and a drive unit for driving the rotating display element;
wherein the rotating display element is provided with a display surface member having a plurality of display surfaces, and a permanent magnet type motor mechanism;
wherein the display surface member is mounted on the rotor of the permanent magnet type motor mechanism so that it incorporates therein the permanent magnet type motor mechanism;

wherein the plurality of display surfaces of the display surface member are arranged side by side around the axis of the rotor;
wherein either one of the rotor or stator of the permanet magnet type motor mechanism has first and second double-pole permanent magnet members respectively having north and south magnetic poles and disposed side by side in the axial direction of the rotor;
wherein the north and south magnetic poles of the first double-pole permanent magnet member are disposed around the axis of the rotor at an angular distance of 180 from each other;
wherein the north and south magnetic poles of the second double-pole permanent magnet member are dis-posed around the axis of the rotor at an angular distance of ?.alpha.° (where .alpha.° has a value represented by 0° ? .alpha.° < 180° ) from the north and south magnetic poles of the first double-pole permanent magnet member and at an angular distance of 180 from each other;
wherein the other of the rotor and the stator of the permanent magnet type motor has a first magnetic member provided with first and second magnetic poles acting on the north and south magnetic poles of the first double-pole permanent magnet member, a second magnetic member provided with third and fourth magne-tic poles acting on the north and south magnetic poles of the second double-pole permanent magnet member, a first exciting winding wound on the first magnetic member in manner to excite the first and second magne-tic poles in reverse polarities, and a second exciting winding wound on the second magnetic member in a manner to excite the third and fourth magnetic poles in reverse polarities;
wherein the first and second magnetic poles of the first magnetic member are disposed around the axis of the rotor at an angular distance of 180°;
wherein the third and fourth magnetic poles of the second magnetic member are disposed around the axis of the rotor at an angular distance of ?90° ?.alpha.°
from the first and second magnetic poles of the first magnetic member and at an angular distance of 180°
from each other; and wherein the drive unit has first power supply means for supplying power to the first winding so that the first and second magnetic poles of the first magnetic member are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively; second power supply means for supplying power to the first exciting winding so that the first and second magnetic poles of the first magnetic member are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively; third power supply means for supplying power to the second exciting winding so that the third and fourth magnetic poles of the second magnetic member are magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles, respectively;
and fourth power supply means for supplying power to the second exciting winding so that the third and fourth magnetic poles of the second magnetic member are magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, respectively.