BRPI0405814A - Quantum noise cryptographic key distribution system - Google Patents
Quantum noise cryptographic key distribution systemInfo
- Publication number
- BRPI0405814A BRPI0405814A BRPI0405814A BRPI0405814A BR PI0405814 A BRPI0405814 A BR PI0405814A BR PI0405814 A BRPI0405814 A BR PI0405814A BR PI0405814 A BRPI0405814 A BR PI0405814A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- key
- noise
- quantum
- signals
- random
- Prior art date
Links
Abstract
"SISTEMA PARA DISTRIBUIçãO DE CHAVES CRIPTOGRáFICAS POR RUìDO QUâNTICO". Trata-se de um sistema ótico de criptografia composto de sistemas de geração, emissão e recepção e um protocolo de operação que, através da utilização do ruído quântico da luz, permite que dois usuários A e B compartilhem, de forma segura, seq³ências ilimitadas de bits aleatórios através de um canal óptico, transmitindo sinais de intensidade mesoscópica e usando geradores físicos de sinais aleatórios. O processo se inicia com uma chave secreta compartilhada entre cada par de usuários, e onde cada seq³ência recebida estabelece o ciframento do próximo bit a ser enviado. A segurança do sistema é estabelecida dentro do alcance onde o legítimo receptor, possuindo a cliave compartilhada, tenha uma relação sinal/ruído aceitável, e esta relação apresente vantagens sobre a relação sinal/ruído do intruso próximo ao emissor, que desconhece a chave utilizada. Esses sinais podem ser opticamente amplificados mantendo-se a segurança da informação transmitida dentro do alcance definido para a operação do sistema. Um ataque a força bruta para se determinar a chave utilizando o algoritmo quântico de Grover para busca leva a um esforço crescente em forma exponencial e x/2 onde o expoente x é proporcional ao comprimento da chave secreta inicialmente compartilhada. Essa busca pode se tornar inviável computacionalmente com um comprimento adequado da chave inicial, ou ainda através de muitos ciclos de emissão antes dessas chaves virem a ser utilizadas para ciframento de dados. Um protocolo controla os passos necessários para essa distribuição de chaves e inclui, além de procedimentos padrão, comandos específicos para garantir que o ruído quântico não permita ao intruso correlacionar os sinais gerados para ciframento com dados eventualmente cifrados. A segurança provida pelo sistema e pelo protocolo associado advém do ruído quântico da luz no canal óptico quântico e da chave secreta inicialmente compartilhada. A invenção, que contém uma fonte de bits aleatórios, não apresenta dependência exclusiva dessa fonte particular, que consiste de uma fonte de luz coerente limitada por ruído 'shot' seguida de um sistema rápido de detecção, também limitado por ruído 'shot'. Esse sistema de detecção fornece sinais de voltagem (ou de corrente) com dois valores possíveis correspondentes aos sinais algébricos (+ ou -) das voltagens em relação ao número médio de fótons emitido pela fonte de luz durante os intervalos de tempo da ordem da duração dos bits. Esses sinais aleatórios de voltagem constituem a saída binária aleatória do gerador fisico aleatório (PhRG). O presente sistema de distribuição de chaves permite o acoplamento a sistemas de comunicação pública em geral, como sistemas de telefonia, de rádio e computacionais, através de ciframento 'one-time-pad'."SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTION OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEYS BY QUANTUM NOISE". It is an optical cryptographic system composed of generation, emission and reception systems and an operating protocol that, through the use of quantum light noise, allows two users A and B to securely share unlimited sequences of data. random bits through an optical channel, transmitting signals of mesoscopic intensity and using physical random signal generators. The process begins with a secret key shared between each pair of users, and where each received sequence establishes the encryption of the next bit to be sent. System security is established within the range where the legitimate receiver, having the shared key, has an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio, and this ratio has advantages over the intruder's signal-to-noise ratio near the transmitter, who is unaware of the key used. These signals can be optically amplified while maintaining the security of the information transmitted within the range defined for system operation. A brute force attack to determine the key using Grover's quantum search algorithm leads to an exponentially increasing effort and x / 2 where the exponent x is proportional to the length of the initially shared secret key. This search can become computationally unfeasible with an adequate initial key length, or even through many emission cycles before these keys are used for data encryption. A protocol controls the steps required for this key distribution and includes, in addition to standard procedures, specific commands to ensure that quantum noise does not allow the intruder to correlate the signals generated for encryption with eventually encrypted data. The security provided by the system and associated protocol comes from the quantum noise of light in the quantum optical channel and the initially shared secret key. The invention, which contains a random bit source, has no exclusive dependence on that particular source, which consists of a coherent light source limited by shot noise followed by a rapid detection system, also limited by shot noise. This detection system provides voltage (or current) signals with two possible values corresponding to the algebraic (+ or -) signals of the voltages relative to the average number of photons emitted by the light source over time intervals of the order of bits. These random voltage signals constitute the random binary output of the physical random generator (PhRG). The present key distribution system allows coupling to general public communication systems such as telephone, radio and computer systems via one-time-pad encryption.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US52706303P | 2003-12-04 | 2003-12-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BRPI0405814A true BRPI0405814A (en) | 2005-09-06 |
BRPI0405814B1 BRPI0405814B1 (en) | 2017-02-14 |
Family
ID=34910680
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0405814A BRPI0405814B1 (en) | 2003-12-04 | 2004-12-06 | quantum noise cryptographic key distribution system |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BR (1) | BRPI0405814B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116723054B (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-10-27 | 合肥量芯科技有限公司 | Method for resisting detection efficiency mismatch loopholes introduced in calibration process |
-
2004
- 2004-12-06 BR BRPI0405814A patent/BRPI0405814B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116723054B (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-10-27 | 合肥量芯科技有限公司 | Method for resisting detection efficiency mismatch loopholes introduced in calibration process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0405814B1 (en) | 2017-02-14 |
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