BG106658A - Computer entering system - Google Patents

Abstract

The Computer Entering System (CES) is designed for manual date entering by an operator into a computer by means of shifting a "shiftable" body (24) in space. The system comprises a computer (60) and an introduction means which includes at least one body (24) with a facility for being shifted by the operator in space. The detecting means serves for remote recognition of the body (24) movement which is related to the detecting means by a falling beam (4) emitted from the detecting device, and by means of a reflected beam (7) emitted from body (24). The processing means (35) transforms the movement recognized by the detecting means into an initial signal. The system also comprises a display (49) for the showing of pictures, generated in succession by computer (60), produced by the detecting means and sent to the display (49). The "shiftable" body (24) contains at least one orthogonal reflector (8) for reflecting a falling beam (4) from the detecting means. Reflector (8) is oriented with the facility of receiving a falling beam (4) from the detecting means and contains at least two planar surfaces which are inter-perpendicular, wherein the reflected beam (7) is parallel to the falling beam (4). 8 claims, 28 figures

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a computer input system for manually entering data from an operator to a computer by moving a movable body (PT) into space.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In [1], a construction is described comprising two scanning light beams angularly displaced in a plane parallel to a computer display and immediately adjacent to it. The rays are emitted from two adjacent corners of the display and are reflected by a plurality of mirrors located at its periphery. Each of the incident beams is reflected back to the corresponding photodetector. The possibility of interrupting the incident rays when pointing with a finger ·· ·· is created. . · ···: ·· •: · ·:: · ···· .. · ·: · • · ····

-2on an icon from the display. A processing device determines the coordinates at the indicated location, based on the instantaneous direction of each incident beam at a time when they are interrupted and, accordingly, the photodetectors report a sharp decrease in the received signal from the reflected beam. The disadvantage is a complex structure comprising a mechanical part for the realization of two scanning devices, which includes electric motors and mechanical elements for rotating two optical prisms located in front of light sources.

[2] describes a solution containing at least one matrix of light sources extending along one side of a computer display, each source being switched on in succession by emitting a light pulse. The device contains at least one pair of photodetectors located at two adjacent corners of the display. Pointing at a finger or pointer interrupts one of the rays incident to the photodetector or is reflected by a mirror located on the other side of the display. An opportunity has been made to compare the signals received by the photodetectors, by means of a processing means the position recognition. The disadvantage is the large number of radiating elements located on the periphery of the display.

A computer display is described in (3) around which a plurality of elements - photodetectors or reflectors - and two radiation sources are located around the periphery.During an icon with a finger or pointer, a falling or reflected beam is interrupted. of the indication made, by the slopes of the two straight lines connecting the finger or the pointer to the two sources of radiation. The disadvantage is the presence of a large number of photodetectors or reflectors, and the complexity of the optical system.

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[4] describes a light source irradiating at least two fields, PT,

partially covering both fields, detecting means for comparing the intensity of the two fields partially covered by the PT in two mutually perpendicular directions. When the PT is moved, the ratio of the fields covered by the PT is changed, respectively, between the intensity of the light from each of them to the detector. [5] describes a similar device, but including a PT displaced over four fields. The disadvantage of these two structures is that the PT is mechanically coupled to the detector by being movably mounted therein. This reduces the ease of use. Another disadvantage is the inability to enter data by moving the PT in the three dimensions of space.

[6] describes a series of radiation sources, photodetectors arranged against them, all mounted on the periphery of a display or a painted keyboard. When pointing a key or finger icon, at least one light beam is interrupted. At the intersection of discontinuous rays, a detection means recognizes the coordinates of the position of the pointing finger. The disadvantage is the low resolution due to the limited number of sources of radiation and photodetectors.

In [7], a keypad comprising a matrix of transmitting and receiving elements is described, and a reflected beam generated by a finger approaching the emitting matrix triggers at least one of the receiving receptors of the receiving matrix. The disadvantage is the small number of possible plane positions recognized by the device. Another disadvantage is recognition only in two-dimensional space.

8 | describes a computer input cursor control system from a computer display by means of a point reflector attached to the body of the operator. The system includes a detector

means containing a source of radiation, a scanner receiving a matrix of photodetectors, and a means for storing and comparing images. The disadvantage is the sophisticated design of the detector.

In [9], a structure is described comprising a detection means for recognizing the position of a PT pen by means of scanning light rays, a reflected ag pen containing a reflector, the reflected rays being incident on photodetectors. The disadvantage is the sophisticated design of the detector containing the mechanical elements to perform the scan.

[10] describes a PT displaced in a light reflecting plane. The device includes a scanning light source, translucent mirrors and a processing tool. The disadvantage is a complex design involving mechanical scanning and two-dimensional recognition.

[11] describes a PT - pen or operator finger moved on a plane surface - a computer display, a laser as a light source in the plane in front of a rotating display. is a mirror for mechanical scanning, which creates an opportunity to interrupt the light beam from the PT. The device includes two orthogonal reflectors, each consisting of two perpendicular mirrors, which reflectors are located at two corners of the display. An opportunity has been created to return the reflected rays back to the light source by directing them to a photodetector through a translucent mirror. A processing device processes the interruption of the signal from the photodetector when the incident beam of the PT is closed. Using the two orthogonal reflectors here avoids the use of a matrix of photodetectors »The disadvantage is two-dimensional recognition and the presence of mechanical scanning.

B J12] describes a construction consisting of two light sources, located at two adjacent corners of a computer display, two mechanical scanning systems, for transmitting rays in different directions, a plurality of two-dimensional orthogonal reflectors located at the periphery of the display, containing two mutually perpendicular reflecting surfaces to send a reflected beam back to each of the light sources, where, through translucent mirrors, they are directed to two photodetectors. The disadvantage is two-dimensional recognition, the presence of u mechanical scanning and the complex opto-mechanical part.

[13] describes a structure comprising a light source array, a photodetector array optically isolated from the first, which arrays are arranged on one side of a computer display. An orthogonal reflector is mounted on the opposite side of the display, representing two longitudinally reflecting surfaces along the entire length of the display, arranged perpendicularly to each other. An opportunity has been made to direct the reflected light into a corridor, avoiding the effects of disturbing influences, such as from other computers. The disadvantage is the low resolution, the inability to recognize in the three-dimensional space, the large number of photodetectors, with the requirement for increased accuracy of positioning recognition.

[14] describes a solution where a point source of ultrasonic! the broadcast was moved to three-dimensional space. The stationary part contains several receivers of this broadcast and an electronic processing unit. The disadvantage is the complexity of PT, including: a source of ultrasonic radiation, an electronic part, a battery; or connecting wire to connect to the stationary part.

Each of (15] to 117] describes an input device comprising at least several photodetectors.

containing reflectors or a light source has been moved to a plane surface between the receivers whose values change upon displacement. A processing tool retrieves information about the database being moved from each photo receiver. The disadvantage is the low resolution, the inability to recognize in the three-dimensional space, respectively the large number of photodetectors, conditioned by the requirement for sufficient recognition accuracy when necessary. In each of [118] to [28], a structure comprising at least one matrix of multiple radiation sources or radiation receivers responsive to beam interruption is described. The disadvantage is the small number of possible positions in the plane recognized by the device, the complex design of the detector due to the presence of dies containing many elements.

Each of [29] to | 42) describes a device for remote data entry to a computer relating to the positioning of the PT in the three-dimensional space, a characteristic of each of these devices is that the PT contains at least one active transmitter source. electromagnetic radiation. The disadvantage is the complexity of PT, including: electromagnetic radiation source, electronic part, battery power; or connecting wire, as well as the associated inconvenience of use.

Technical nature

It is an object of the invention to provide a device enabling accurate and rapid input of data from an operator to a computer related to the position of a PT that is part of that device. This task is solved with the help of a computer-aided computerized input system (KBS). It consists of a computer and an input device, which an input device covers at least one PT, capable of

-7 free movement by the operator in space; a detector for remote sensing the movement of a PT, which the PT is connected to the detecting means by a incident beam emitted by the detector and by a reflected beam emitted by the PT; a processing means for converting movement detected by the detecting means into an output signal; and a display for displaying computer-generated sequences received by the detector and fed to the display. The CVC is characterized in that the PT contains at least one orthogonal reflector to reflect a incident beam from the detecting means. This orthogonal reflector is oriented to receive a incident beam from the detector and comprises at least two planar reflecting surfaces that are mutually perpendicular, the reflected beam being parallel to the incident beam. For two planar reflecting surfaces, this is true for cases where the incident beam lies in a plane that is simultaneously perpendicular to the two planar reflecting surfaces. In three planar reflecting surfaces, the reflected beam is parallel to the incident beam for each possible direction of the incident beam in space that is within the range of the orthogonal reflector. This is an area in which each incident beam incident on one of the reflecting surfaces is capable of being subsequently reflected to another of the reflecting surfaces. This means that the orthogonal reflector is oriented toward the incident beam so that this incident beam enters the interior of the imaginary triangular pyramid having three planar reflecting walls. A KBF comprising a detection means comprising a means of recognizing the movement of a PT is at least appropriate by determining its position. It is a good idea for KBC whose detection means contains a means of detecting the movement of a

a little by determining its speed. According to another solution, the detection means comprises a means of detecting the movement of the AT, at least by determining its acceleration. Suitable KVFs whose PT is oriented towards the detecting means in such a way that it is possible to reflect the incident beam incident on one of the planar reflecting surfaces of the orthogonal reflector to the next reflecting plane surface, the latter of which reflects it back to the detecting means. remedy. In that case, YYG has a predetermined level of reflectivity for the radiation that generates the incident beam. In some cases, the CVC is characterized by the fact that it contains more than one PT, each with a different level of reflectivity with respect to the incident beam. In addition, each PT has a different reflection coefficient for rays of the same wavelength, whereby at least two rays of different wavelengths are emitted through the detector. In other cases, at least two differently polarized beams are emitted through the detector. According to one possible solution, the CVC is characterized in that the detection means comprises: at least one electromagnetic radiation source for irradiation of the orthogonal reflector of the PT with a beam coming from the electromagnetic radiation source; and at least one electromagnetic radiation receiver for receiving a beam of electromagnetic radiation reflected by the orthogonal reflector mounted to the PT. It is advantageous when the number of sources is at least two and is equal to the number of receivers, whereby one source and one receiver are arranged side by side, forming a working pair, the working pairs being spaced a certain distance from each other. In some cases, the detecting means comprises: an optical radiation source and an optical radiation receiver, such as a visible light source, and

a visible light receiver, the beam reflected by the orthogonal reflector being the visible light beam; or an infrared radiation source and an infrared radiation receiver, the beam reflected by the orthogonal reflector being the infrared radiation beam. In some cases, the detection means contains radiation sources whose radiation power varies depending on the level of the surrounding background from parasitic radiation. It is advisable to use an optical radiation source representing an LED, laser, or scanning laser; and an optical radiation receiver representing a photodiode or phototransistor. Other applications provide an IBC, characterized in that it contains a radio source and a radio receiver. An embodiment is suitable, wherein the processing means comprises means for calculating the movement of the PT by triangulation, using signals received from at least two receivers. In some cases, the detection means comprises: at least one ultrasonic generator for emitting ultrasonic waves; at least one ultrasonic receiver for determining the position of the PT by recognizing a reflected beam generated by an ultrasonic wave emitted by an ultrasonic generator, which is reflected by an orthogonal reflector mounted on the PT. In these cases, it is appropriate that the number of sources be at least two and equal to the number of receivers, whereby one source and one receiver are arranged side by side, forming a working pair, with the working pairs spaced at a certain distance by one the other. It is possible for the processing means to comprise a means for calculating the movement of PT by triangulation using signals received from at least two ultrasonic receivers. In some cases the CVC is characterized by the fact that the processing means: calculates the movement of the PT in the first direction; calculates the traffic flow in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction;

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generates an output signal with a level dependent on the calculated motion in the first and second directions. In this case, the output signal level is sequentially determined depending on the movement in the first direction and the movement in the second direction. A solution is possible in which the output signal is composed of at least two parallel signals, at least one of the parallel signals having a level determined depending on the movement in the first direction and at least one of the parallel signals having a level determined depending on the movement in the second direction . In all possible structures of PT, it is appropriate to place a plurality of small orthogonal reflectors on a portion of a non-planar surface *, for example, spherical. In doing so, the foundations of the imaginary pyramids lie on this uneven surface. When moving or rotating in the space of a given angle, the number of orthogonal reflectors exiting the area of action is equal to the number of orthogonal reflectors entering that zone. In this way it is possible to increase the distances between working pairs. It is appropriate to use a PT containing elastic elements or spring elements. Sometimes this PT is shaped like a disc with the ability to slide on a smooth surface. It is possible for a solution to design a PT is like a pen. Another possible solution involves a PT that is capable of being attached to the body of the operator. In this embodiment, the PT is shaped like goggles or contains an adhesive tape to part of the body of the operator. It is appropriate to design that the PT is attached to at least one finger from the operator's hand. In this case it is shaped like a ring, a ring, or made of elastic material. In some embodiments, the PT is fixed to the head of the operator. It is appropriate when the detection means comprises a surface for sliding the PT on it. Sometimes the surface is transparent to the incident beam and to

the reflected beam, and it is appropriate that it be flat. In other cases, the surface is a liquid crystal display. It is possible to combine, where this surface is a key on a computer keyboard. Embodiments where the detector includes a pressure sensor are suitable for confirming the selection of an icon depicted on the display and indicated by the cursor which sensor is actuated by pressure applied perpendicularly to the surface at any point on it. A design of the CVC is advantageous, in which at least part of the detection means is located at the periphery of a computer display, or at least part of the detection means is embedded in a computer keyboard. According to one possible solution, the CVC is characterized in that the computer uses the output signal from the processing means to generate sequential pictures, whereby the location of the image contained in the sequential pictures is shifted in accordance with the movement and the PT. It is appropriate when the image is a cursor used to select icons on the display. It is advantageous for the CVC to further comprise an electric switch that can be switched between at least a first position or a second position by the operator to enable or disable a certain possibility of the computer input system. In the presence of a keyboard with multiple keys, the electric key can be switched by pressing a predefined key combination. In doing so, the detector detects the movement of the PT only when the electric switch is in the first position; in other cases, the computer only receives the output signal from the processing means when the electrical switch is in the first position; or the processing tool converts the detected movement of the PT only when the electric switch is in the first position. A convenient method for entering data from an operator to a computer,

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- ¹² through KBC, which comprises the following actions: recognizing, by means of a detection means, the movement of at least one PT containing at least one orthogonal reflector connected to the detection means by a incident beam and by a reflected beam parallel to the incident beam; and generating an output signal dependent on the received reflected beam corresponding to the motion of the G1T.

It is appropriate to perform a PT, an integral part of the CVC, displaced by an operator including at least one orthogonal reflector to reflect a incident beam incident from a detector, which orthogonal reflector comprises at least two planar reflecting surfaces that are mutually perpendicular the reflected beam is parallel to the incident beam. Moreover, the PT is characterized in that it comprises means for changing at least one parameter of the reflected beam. In some of the applications of such a PT, it is capable of being attached to the body of the operator. An embodiment is advantageous in which the PT contains a controllable means of changing at least one optical parameter of the reflected beam. The parameters used were: intensity of the reflected beam, wavelength of the reflected beam, polarization of the reflected beam. According to another embodiment, the PT comprises a controllable means for switching the reflected beam on and off by the operator. According to this embodiment, the PT contains an orthogonal reflector, which is opaque to the incident beam, in which case the incident beam does not fall on any of the reflecting surfaces of the orthogonal reflector. Private a little in front of the orthogonal reflector, with the ability to control the closing of the orthogonal reflector by a incident beam. It is convenient to attach the PT to a finger from the operator's hand, whereby the screen is controlled by pushing the finger against a flat surface.

Another embodiment of this embodiment provides a PT containing a means of controllably altering the spatial orientation of the

- 13 the case of this embodiment involves a PT containing multiple orthogonal reflectors mounted on a ring attached to one of the fingers of the operator's hand. In doing so, PT

contains a movable screen capable of obscuring orthogonal reflectors from incident beams, the screen being actuated by pushing a finger against a flat surface. It is appropriate to apply a method for confirming the selection of said icon on a computer display by means of a VCF, including the following actions: closing by the operator of a incident beam from a detecting means to an orthogonal reflector mounted to the VC using a control screen; recognition, by means of a detector, of this closure; generating an output signal dependent on the reflected beam received from the detection means corresponding to the closure via the control screen; and recognition by the computer of the output signal used to confirm the selection of a specified icon on the display. In some PT applications, it is appropriate to cover the incident beam and the reflected beam with one of the fingers. In this case, it is convenient to attach the PT to another finger of the same hand.

One possible application of the CVS is a handwriting input device (SDS) used for handwriting input from an operator to a computer. It comprises a switch and an introductory device which comprises an introductory device comprising: a PT shaped like a hand-gripping pen, moved by the operator in at least two dimensions of space, comprising at least one orgogonal reflector oriented to receive a incident beam from a detecting means , which is an orgogonal reflector comprising three planar reflecting surfaces which are mutually perpendicular, with each reflected ray being parallel to the respective incident beam; remote motion detection detector

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of the pen which is connected to the detector by a incident beam emitted by the detector and by a reflected beam reflected by the pen; a processing means for converting the motion detected by the detection means into an output signal; and a display for displaying computer-generated sequences received by the detector and fed to the display. A characteristic feature of the SDS is that the computer is capable of recognizing symbols, words or commands written using the pen generated in an output signal of the processing means, depending on the reflected beam received by the detector corresponding to the movement of the pen. An SDS is advantageous, in which the pen contains more than one orthogonal reflector mounted at the bottom. In this case, the detection means comprises sources and receivers of radiation, wherein the number of sources is at least two and is equal to the number of receivers, whereby one source and one receiver are arranged side by side, forming a working pair, the working pairs being at a certain distance from each other. In this case, the solution is that at least two working pairs are located on the periphery of the display. In some applications, the detection means comprises a planar surface. Another suitable construction provides for at least one of the working pairs to be positioned below such a flat surface that is transparent. In some embodiments involving the use of a flat surface, the pen comprises an elastic element for providing the ability to move the orthogonal reflectors along the axis of the pen, depending on the pressure applied. In these cases, the pen retains an elastic element or a spring element to provide this capability. In this case, it is possible to register the applied pressure by recognizing movement both in the plane surface and in the direction,

perpendicular to this plane surface. It is advantageous when the plane surface is an SDS display. In many applications, the plane surface - the display is transparent to the incident beam and to the reflected beam. Examples of applications of SDS are possible in which the detection means comprises at least one elastic element or a spring element to allow the plane surface to be moved vertically at pressure by the pen at any point. In these examples, the detection means comprises a sensor that responds to pressure at any point on the plane surface, making use of a piezoelectric sensor. In some cases, the SLS contains an operator-controlled change of at least one parameter of the reflected beam. It is advantageous for this to be a screen for operator-controlled closure of the orthogonal reflector by a incident beam. One possible solution involves activating the screen by pushing the pen against a flat surface. According to another solution, the screen is activated mechanically - by a button mounted on the pen. In many of the specific SDS designs, the pen further includes a pen for writing on paper. It is appropriate to use a method for handwriting input from an operator to a computer that contains the following actions: moving a pen containing at least one orthogonal reflector from the operator in at least two dimensions of space, entering the handwriting data or triggering an icon depicted on the display; recognizing, by means of a detector, the movement of a pen whose orthogonal reflector is coupled to the detector by a incident beam and by a reflected beam parallel to the incident beam; generating an output signal dependent on the received reflected beam corresponding to the movement of the pen; computer recognition of words, commands and data written using the pen. Sometimes it is

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it is expedient to supplement this method with the action of: detecting by means of the detector a controlled change of the reflected beam.

One possible application of KBS is a pocket computer (DC). It consists of a computer and an input device, the input device comprising: two movable bodies, each capable of being moved by the operator into space, each PT containing at least one orthogonal reflector oriented to receive a incident beam from the detecting device means that the orthogonal reflector comprises at least two planar reflecting surfaces that are mutually perpendicular, the reflected rays being parallel to the incident beams; a detector for remote sensing the movement of each of the PTs, each of which is connected to the detection means by a incident beam emitted by the detecting means and by a reflected beam reflected by each PT; a processing means for converting movements detected by the detector into an output signal; and a display for displaying computer-generated sequences received by the detector and fed to the display. The DC is characterized in that it comprises a virtual keyboard located near the DC to move at least one PT on it, wherein the processing means is capable of generating an output signal corresponding to the key of the virtual keyboard on which it is positioned. Fri. For convenience when working with a remote control, a suitable embodiment is required, according to which each of the PTs is capable of being attached to fingers by one or both hands of the operator. A suitable solution is that the detection device contains sources and receivers of radiation. In addition, the number of sources is at least two and is equal to the number of receivers, with one source and one receiver located one to

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another, forming a working couple. These working pairs are at a certain distance from each other. In this case, it is advantageous that at least one of the PTs contains a ring, an elastic cylinder with a periphery for applying vertical pressure, a patch, or is capable of being attached to the nail. It is advisable to include at least two working pairs to work together with the first PT, and at least two other working pairs to work together with the second PT. Positioning work pairs on the periphery of the display is appropriate. For motion detection each of the PTs is a possible solution using a detector containing at least two optical radiation sources, each of which has a different emission spectrum. In addition, each of the displacement bodies has a different degree of reflection of a incident beam of a certain wavelength. One possible solution for such a spectral separation of the two DCs involves the use of at least one light filter to filter optical radiation of a given wavelength. Another solution is to include at least one polarizer for polarizing optical radiation. This filter or polarizer is mounted on at least one of the PTs or the detector. An embodiment is advantageous in that this detection means comprises a plane surface for movement of at least one of the fingers of the operator to which the PT is attached. It is suitable when the plane surface is its display. To detect the applied pressure, for example when confirming a selected icon or key from the display and indicated by the cursor, it is appropriate to mount a pressure sensor to the plane surface. This sensor is actuated by pressure applied perpendicularly to the plane surface at any point on it, making it convenient to use a piezoelectric type pressure sensor. One

A possible DC design provides a detector that recognizes three-dimensional motion of at least one of the ATs. It is advantageous to position at least one working pair under a transparent plane surface. It is advisable to use an imaginary (virtual) keyboard located on a flat surface to enter keyboard data. Each is positioned on an imaginary key on this keyboard, using an image of that virtual keyboard displayed on the display to orient it. It is convenient to display two cursors on the display, each corresponding to one of the PTs. In order to increase the possibilities, there is an opportunity to change the size of the virtual keyboard located in the space in front of the DC or individual parts of it. Also for this purpose additional buttons are provided on the housing of the DC. Suitable is a DC structure in which at least one ag PT contains a means for controlled change of the reflected beam. This change may represent a controlled interruption of the reflected beam, for example, by a screen mounted on the PT and positioned in front of the orthogonal reflector. It is advisable to activate it by pushing the PT to a flat surface. A method of inputting data from an operator to a DC containing the following actions is appropriate; moving from an operator to at least one PT containing at least one orthogonal reflector over a virtual keyboard located adjacent to the remote control, wherein a computer display containing at least one cursor shows an image of that virtual keyboard; recognizing the movement of PTs on virtual keyboard keys by means of a detecting means, such as G1T containing at least one orthogonal reflector, and coupled to the detector by means of a incident beam and by a reflected beam parallel to the incident beam; generating an output signal and displaying the cursor movement on the display, ·

• · ···· dependent on the received reflected beam, you correspond to the movement of the PT. In some applications, further inclusion of the action is desirable: recognition by the operator-controlled detection of changing at least one parameter of the reflected beam. In other applications, it is further advantageous to include the action: detecting, by means of a detector, of an operator-controlled interruption of the reflected beam by using a PA containing a screen.

When operating, the user moves the PT in the area of action. This zone is a part of the space in which the orientation of the orthogonal reflector permits receiving a incident beam from each of the working pairs and reflecting a reflected beam back to each of them. In this movement, the orthogonal reflector is positioned sequentially at different points in the plane or space, thereby changing the distance between it and the working pairs. This causes a change in the signal intensity received by each receiver, which is a function of the distance to the orthogonal reflector. The signals from the receivers are sent to the processing means.

Advantages of the KVC described in this way are: accurate and fast data entry into a computer related to the positioning of the PT in a plane or three-dimensional space; high accuracy of PT positioning and detection by the detection means obtained due to the absence of movable mechanical parts and associated flaps, and also due to the use of those fingers that perform one of the most precise movements of the hand; universal use of the same KVS: to move the cursor or cursors, select icons and enter via a virtual keyboard; concurrent use as: computer accessory or replacement mouse pad, joystick, virtual multimedia drawing and sculpting tool

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Ft ·· · · · · • ft · • · · • · ft ·· ···· in the plane or three-dimensional space; ability to implement on-off discrete commands, as well as proportional ones, in which the changed parameter changes smoothly, depending on the position of the PT in a plane or three-dimensional space; the absence of congestion due to dirt or foreign objects; convenience of use due to its small size and simple design of the PT.

Description of the attached figures

FIG. 1 shows an example of an orthogonal reflector reflecting an arbitrary incident beam 2 in the xy plane. Angle a is made between the incident beam 2 and the x-axis, and the angle β is between the reflected beam 3 and the y-axis. The reflected beam 3 is parallel to the incident beam 2 and is close to it at sufficiently small dimensions of the orthogonal reflector with respect to the beam path. This applies to all values of the 'angle a' lying in the range a = 0 to <r = 90 °, i. in the area of the orthogonal reflector.

Figure 2 shows an example of an orthogonal reflector 8 reflecting a incident beam 4 in the Oxyz space. Intermediate reflected rays 5 and 6 are shown here, respectively, between the planes xOy, χθζ one, and xOz, yOz the other. An outgoing reflected beam 7 is shown which is parallel and closely spaced to the incident beam 4.

Fig. 3 shows an example of the arrangement of three working pairs, conventionally depicted 9, 10, 11, arranged at the vertices of a triangle 14, which include sources 12 and receivers 13 of electromagnetic radiation, and partitions 15. They are of a material opaque for the radiation used and protect the receiver 13 from direct radiation from sources 12. The removable • - · | ·

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in space Oxyz orthogonal reflector 8 is depicted as a small triangular pyramid with right angles at the top. Beams 4 and 7 are also shown, respectively, from and to the working pairs 9, 10, 11.

Figure 4 shows an example of the placement of a source 12 and a receiver 13 of electromagnetic radiation in an opaque body 17. An additional reflector 16 is shown to achieve the desired distribution of electromagnetic radiation in the area of operation. It is possible to alternate the locations of the source 12 and the receiver 13, thereby achieving the desired sensitivity distribution of the receiver 13 in the area of operation.

FIG. 5 shows an example depicting a housing 1 comprising a transparent planar surface '20 movably mounted in a housing 1 by means of three elastic supports 18 and three sensors electrical switches 19. They are located below the transparent plane surface 20 and are actuated by a vertical force applied to this surface 20 at any point therein.

Figure 6 shows a top view of the example of Figure 5.

Fig-7 shows an example of a hand-held PT 24 containing a plurality of orthogonal reflectors 8, elastic supports 18, which the PT 24 has and slides on a transparent surface. The body 24 contains a recess 22 for one of the fingers of the hand, showing the vertical force 23 that can be applied.

Fig. 8 shows an example of a body or the type depicted in Figs. 7, located on a flat transparent surface 20. The orthogonal reflectors 8 are oriented appropriately, with the bases of the imaginary pyramids lying on a part of a spherical surface. When rotated in the space of a given angle, the number of orthogonal reflectors 8, and ill-effects from the zone of action, is equal to the number of orthogonal reflectors 8 that entered that zone. In this way, it is possible to increase the distance between ⁷ work pairs,

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and reducing the height of the housing 1. It is possible to position the orthogonal reflectors 8 on a part of another body, for example a tetrahedron.

9 shows an example of FIG. 8, in the case of applied force 23 along the axis при, in which the elastic supports 18 deform and reduce the distances to each of the working pairs, located below the transparent plane surface 20. The possibility of recognition by means of a detector of the applied pressure is created 23. FIG. 10 shows an example of the use of 1ΊΤ24 placed on one of the fingers 25 containing a plurality of orthogonal reflectors. Shown is a housing 1 with three working pairs 9, 10, 11 mounted therein on the vertices of a triangle 14. The upper part of the housing 1 is open or transparent, creating an opportunity to move the PT 24 and to register this movement, in three dimensions of Oxyz space.

FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 shows examples of PT 24 affixed to one of the sender fingers 27. Areas 29, 31, and 32, respectively, containing orthogonal reflectors for operation of the KBC described, and an area 30, respectively, 33, which is free, for example for keyboard operation, are shown.

FIG. 13 shows the PT 24 of the example of FIG. 10 made of elastic material. Pyramids depicting orthogonal reflectors have bases lying or parallel to the outer surface of PT 24. When moving on a transparent plane surface 20, the amount of orthogonal reflectors 8 in the area of action? (ie whose orientation permits the reception and reflection of rays from and to the working pairs) determines the bundle of incident and reflected rays 25.

FIG. 14 shows the example of FIG. 13 in the case of application of vertical force 23. As a consequence of contact with the transparent plane surface 20 and deformation of the finger and PT 24, it increases

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- 23 the number of orthogonal reflectors 8 in the area of operation. This raises the beam of incident and reflected rays 26, respectively, the signal of each of the receivers. In this way, pressure recognition 23 is achieved by means of a detection means and a processing means.

FIG. 15 shows an example of a PT 24, similar to that shown in FIG. 7, a processing means 35, and a detection means including a housing 1, working pairs 9, 10, 11 connected to cables 34, additional buttons 39, 40, and output cable 41 36, 37, 38 show the directions of incident and reflected beams of light. For the sake of clarity, no connecting cables are shown from the additional buttons 31, 32 to the processing means 35. An opportunity has been created to supplement or replace the operation of a computer mouse.

FIG. 16 refers to FIG. 15 and shows the distances da, db, dc between the PT 24 containing the orthogonal reflectors 8 arranged symmetrically about TA of the PT 24 on the one hand, and points A, B, C at which the working pairs 9, 10 are located, 11, other side. Point O is valid, so the distances da, rb, rc are shown only next to it.

FIG. 17 shows an example of a PT 24 for placing on one of the fingers of the hand, shown by an arrow 45. The PT 24 contains guides 43 in which the screen 42 slides. The screen has two windows 47, for transmitting incident beams 4 to two rows 46 orthogonals reflectors 8. In a non-compressed state, a return spring establishes the windows 47 between the two rows 46.

FIG. 18 shows the example of FIG. 17 in the uncompressed state. An opportunity is made to allow incident beams 4 to orthogonal reflectors 8, respectively, to send reflected beams 7 back to the working pairs.

FIG. 19 shows the example of FIG. 17 in a state where a pressure 23 is applied to the plane 24 towards a flat surface 55. Then ·· ·· · ······

the screen 42 slides into the guides 43 and obscures the orthogonal reflectors 8 from the incident beams 4 so that no reflected rays are sent to the working pairs 7. This allows the detector to recognize the applied pressure 23.

Fig. 20 shows an embodiment of a cylindrical PT containing a screen 42. It is freely movable on a flat surface 55 by means of beads 64 mounted at the bottom of the screen 42.

The upper part of the PT 24 is movably mounted to the screen 42 by a spring not shown on the fushure. This upper part of the PT 24 contains a number of 46 orthogonal reflectors 8. For convenience of movement of the PT 24 on the plane surface 55, the operator finger is placed in a recess 22. An opportunity has been made for vertical movement of the upper part of the PT 24 inside the screen 42 In the position shown, the PT 24 emits a reflected beam 7.

Fig. 21 shows the example of Fig. 20 in the case of applied pressure 23. In the shown position, the PT 24 does not emit a reflected beam 7.

Fig. 22 shows an embodiment of a cylindrical PT 24, similar to that of Figs. 20. In this case, the screen 42 is vertically movable and, in the position shown, the PT 24 emits a reflected beam 7.

Fig. 23 shows the example of Fig. 22 in the case of applied pressure 23.

In the position shown, the PT 24 does not emit a reflected beam 7.

Fig. 24 shows an embodiment of a PT 24 comprising a patch 67 for attachment to one of the fingers 27 of the operator. The PT 24 is a hollow rubber cylinder whose periphery 65 takes the form shown when moving on a flat surface 55. The convex part of the PT 24 contains a number of 46 orthogonal reflectors 8, and a plastic base 66 for sliding on a flat surface 55. In the shown position, the PT 24 radiates reflected beam 7.

Fig. 25 shows an embodiment of PT 24 shown in Fig. 24.

• ·

In this case, pressure 23 is applied to the PT 24, the rubber cylinder is deformed, with the periphery 65 acting as a screen, closing the row 46. In the shown position, the PT 24 does not emit a reflected beam 7.

Fig. 26 shows an example embodiment of a DC. A liquid crystal display 49 depicting icons 51 and a keyboard 50 corresponding to an imaginary keyboard 54 located in the space in front of the DC is installed in front of the housing 48 of the DC. Two cursors 61 and 62 are shown, corresponding to the two PTs 24, which hold screens 42 and are of the type shown in FIG. 17. The housing includes a rack 53, openings 52 for retracting the PT 24 when the DC is not in use, and four working pairs containing emitters 12 and receivers 13, two for each PT 24. Each PT 24 reflects optical radiation of different lengths of the wave to detect the movements of each PT 24.

Fig. 27 shows an example of a device 63, a constituent of a PC intended for a stationary computer comprising a flat surface 55, a section 56 for conveniently positioning the operator's elbow, two working pairs for each of the two PTs 24 with screens 42 which operate the pairs consist of emitters 12 and receivers 13. The device comprises clamps 57 for attachment to an armchair of an armchair, and cable 41 for connection to a computer. It is possible to use two PT 24s attached to two of the fingers of one hand of the operator. There is an opportunity, such as a PT 24, to use an SDS, such as a pen, or a PT of another of the types considered. The section 56 provides stability of the mechanical coupling between the plane surface 55, the operator arm and the PT 24, thereby improving precision and coordination during displacement.

-26Fig. 28 shows an example of a workplace comprising a table 58, an armchair and a KBC that contains a stationary computer 60, a display 49, and two devices 63 of the type shown in FIG. 21 connected to the computer by means of cables 41. The devices 63 comprise at least one PT 24 with a screen that moves the corresponding cursor 61, 62 to the display 49. An option is made to move the cursors 61, 62, select icons 51, or enter keys from the virtual keyboard 54, the image 50 of which is shown on the display 49. The advantage is the convenient position of the body at work and the ability to activate icons 51 and keys from the image 50 of the virtual keyboard 54 through different fingers 27 from one or both hands 25.

Example of implementation

One embodiment of the IR operating with IR is shown in FIG. 15, for simplicity, no computer and display are depicted. The KBS includes a plastic housing 1 in which a detector comprising a transparent plane surface 20 and working pairs 9, 10, 11 are arranged at the bottom along the vertices of an ABC imaginary triangle (Fig. 16). Each of these working pairs 9, 10, 11 contains an infrared LED as a source of electromagnetic waves 12 (FIG. 3, FIG. 4), and an infrared photodiode used as a receiver 13. The working pairs are mounted in an opaque body 17 preventing direct contact. of light from the LED to the fog light. Each of the working pairs 9, 10, 11 also includes an additional reflector 16, FIG. 4, to improve the uniformity of the light intensity in the area of operation. The CVC includes connecting cables 34 for connection to a housing-mounted processing means 35. This processing means 35 generates and transmits periodic electrical impulses to the ····

LEDs and photocurrent processing obtained from infrared photodiodes - photodetectors 13. The transparent plane surface 20 is transparent to infrared radiation and is fixedly fixed to the upper part of the housing 1. It is a light filter of material that does not transmit light or visible spectrum. On this transparent plane surface 20 is placed a PT 24, with the possibility of free movement along the two axes x and y (Fig. 16). Elastic supports 18 (FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9) are fastened at the bottom of this PT 24, with the possibility of sliding on the transparent plane surface 20. With the elastic supports 18, it is possible to approach the PT 24 to the plane surface 20.

In the lower part of this PT 24 on the part of a spherical surface (Fig. 8) are made many orgogonal reflectors 8. On its upper part are placed additional buttons 39 and 40 - to increase the functionality of the KB. The working pairs 9, 10, 11 and the processing means 35 described herein are motion-readable and in the Oxyz three-dimensional space. In this case, a PT 24 shaped similar to a pen containing orgogonal reflectors in the pen area or a PT of the type shown in FIG. 11, FIG. 12 or FIG. 13. The processing means 35 is connected to a subsequent computer via an output cable 41 to transmit the output data.

Application of the invention

In the considered example of FIG. 15, three working pairs 9, 10, 11 are used, the light sources being the same and having a uniform distribution of light power in the area of operation. Each of the photodetectors used has a linear relationship between the illumination and the photocurrent it produces, which is inversely proportional to the square of twice the distance to PT24.

• · ·· • · • · « • « • • · · • · • • ♦ * · · • • · • · ···· ·· ··

* • • · • • · • · • ♦ • · • ···· • · · • • • · « • ·· ····

We accept, FIG. 15 that this PT 24 contains an O.O. in which an infinitely small orthogonal reflector, equivalent to the plurality of orthogonal reflectors mounted in the PT 24. is located. Then all possible positions of T.O. in the space above the plane ABC, FIG. 16, generating the measured photocurrent from the receiver of the working pair 9, located in .A, form a geometric location of points representing a hemisphere. It has center tA and radius ha. Accordingly, all possible positions of T.O. in the space above the plane ABC, giving rise to the measured illumination (photocurrent) of the receiver of the working pair 10, located in T.B., form a geometric location of points representing the second hemisphere - with center T.B. radius The intersection of the two hemispheres is a circle, each point from which is a distance da from. This circle pierces a third hemisphere, representing all possible positions of T.O. in the space above the ABC plane, generating the measured photocurrent from the receiver of the working pair 11 located at C.C. This third hemisphere is centered at C and radius rc. The said puncture point is unique to the half-space above the ABC plane - FIG. 15 (with positive values of its coordinate, Fig. 14), for which the measured values of illumination of each of the photodetectors correspond. In this way, it is possible to uniquely determine the coordinates of the movable orthogonal reflector, by means of calculations performed by a processing means 35, on the basis of the measured values of illumination (photocurrent) of each photodetector. In this case, there is a proportional correspondence between the magnitude of the displacement made and the change in photocurrents. Many applications do not require such strictly proportional compliance, thereby reducing the lighting requirements of the detector and simplifying the design of the CVS.

- 29 In the present example (Fig. 15), after switching on, the processing means 35 produces rectangular electrical impulses with a certain frequency. Initially, it supplies a pulse to the infrared LED of the first working pair 9. The light pulse reflected by the orthogonal reflectors 8 moves in line 36, travels a distance, generates illumination and a photocurrent whose value is stored in the processing means 35. Subsequently, the pulse is fed into the impulse. working pair 10, respectively memorizing the photocurrent from its receiver. This is followed by an impulse to the third working pair 11, respectively, to store the photocurrent from its receiver. At the same time, the processing means 35 checks for a key pressed: an additional 31, 32, and imaginary - pressing the PT 24 down the axis ζ. This is followed by a calculation process performed in the processing means 35 and submission of the coordinates of the point O, at which the PT 24 is currently positioned, to the output ia the device by means of a cable 35. This completes one duty cycle, further cycles Are repeated. In order to reduce the influence of external light interference, each of the photodiodes is switched on only at the time of the emission of its LED.

A suitable application is an elastic PT 24 molded according to the examples of Figures 11, 12, 13 placed on one of the user's fingers containing a plurality of orthogonal reflectors. Such an embodiment is convenient for detecting displacement both in a plane and in three-dimensional space, permits recognition of applied pressure to a plane transparent surface at a point with current coordinates, and does not interfere with keyboard operation. The presence of a flat transparent surface in the possible applications does not limit the use of the CVC for three-dimensional introduction. It is also possible to apply axis movement ζ in two-dimensional applications as an additional option. One thing is possible

application is the embedding of a transparent surface-containing KBC into a computer keyboard. According to another solution, the transparent surface represents the upper part of the Enter key, which is made larger. Thus, it takes time to transfer the hand from the mouse to the keyboard and vice versa, with the mouse being redundant. A possible Internet application provides KBS, which was used to surf and navigate virtual space - in specially designed 3D websites. Other possible uses of KBS are: in laptops; handheld computers; Mobile phones; interactive electronic games; handwriting input devices; drawing; template copy in a plane or three-dimensional space; sculpted in three-dimensional space; virtual keyboard musical instruments; virtual joysticks or customizable PC input devices created and modified using appropriate software using the same KVS. A possible application involves a device for remote control of objects in the real space, for example: helping to maneuver a car in a garage; control of domestic electrical appliances; toys; models; simulators; production processes.

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Claims (8)

Patent claims 1. A computer input system (CVS) for inputting information from an operator to a computor, consisting of a computer and an input device, which input device comprises: at least one movable body (PT) capable of moving o r the operator into space; a detector for remote motion detection of PTs, which the PT is connected to the detecting means by a incident beam emitted by the detector and by (Empty beam emitted by the PT; a processing means for converting motion detected by the detecting means into an output signal; and display for displaying pictures you consistently generate! from the computer received by the detector and fed to the display, characterized in that the PT (24) comprises at least one orthogonal reflector (8) for reflecting a incident beam (4) from a detecting device oriented to receive a incident beam (4) by a detector comprising at least two planar reflecting surfaces which are mutually perpendicular, wherein the reflected beam (7) is parallel to the incident beam (4). A KBS according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection means comprises: at least one radiation source (12) for irradiation of the orthogonal reflector (8) of the PT with a beam (4) coming from the radiation source; and at least one radiation receiver (13) for receiving a beam (7) from radiation reflected by the orthogonal reflector (8) mounted on the PT (24). CBC according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of sources (12) is at least two and is equal to the number of receivers (13) at • 9 g 3. which are arranged side by side at one source (12) and one receiver (13), forming a working pair (9, 10, 11), with the working pairs (9, 10, 11) being spaced a certain distance apart, or the other. 4. The KVS according to Preggest 2, characterized in that it contains an optical radiation source (12) and an optical radiation receiver (13). 5. The KBS according to claim 1, characterized in that it pops one The PT (24) is attached to the finger (27) by the operator arm (25). CCS according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a PT24 including a controllable means for switching on and off the reflected beam (7) from the operator, reflecting from the PT (24) back to the detection means. 7. KVS according to claim 7, characterized in that the control means comprises a screen (42) opaque to the incident beam (4), placed slightly in front of the orthogonal reflector (8), for controlled closure of the orthogonal reflector (8) by the incident beam (-1). CCS according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of orthogonal reflectors (8) mounted on a ring fixed to one of the fingers (27) of the arm (25) anda of the operator, which comprises a movable screen (42) with the possibility of covering the orthogonal reflectors (8) by incident beams (4), the screen (42) being actuated by the pressure of a finger (27) towards a flat surface (55).