AU5073599A

AU5073599A - A method and apparatus for allocating channels in a mobile telecommunications system supporting both packet and circuit switched traffic

Info

Publication number: AU5073599A
Application number: AU50735/99A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Kenneth Bo Gustaf Balck; Gunnar Hedby; Mats Karlsson
Original assignee: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Current assignee: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Priority date: 1998-06-26
Filing date: 1999-06-16
Publication date: 2000-01-17
Also published as: WO2000001186A1; SE9802295L; CN1315124A; SE9802295D0; SE519730C2; EP1090525A1; CA2335751A1

Description

WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ALLOCATING CHANNELS IN A MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM SUPPORTING BOTH PACKET AND CIRCUIT SWITCHED TRAFFIC The present invention relates to mobile telecommunications networks and in par ticular to the allocation of channels in such a network when both packet switched and circuit switched traffic is used in the network. 5 Description of Related Art In many mobile telephony systems, for example the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), protocols exist both for circuit switched and packet switched communication. 10 In circuit switched speech systems one or more physical channels are allocated to each connection. Each channel is assigned to one connection only, until the infor mation transfer on this connection is completed. In GSM, the High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD) protocol enables the allocation of several physical chan 15 nels to one connection, and is mainly used for transfer of large amounts of data. In packet switched traffic data communication is often very intermittent and the in formation to be transferred occurs in bursts of varying length. During a burst, the bandwidth demand may be very high, whereas between bursts it may be zero. To 20 utilize each channel optimally, a number of packet communication connections of ten share a number of physical channels. The channel or channels assigned to a packet switched connection are assigned to a particular connection only when information is being transmitted on the connection. 25 The rest of the time, the channel or channels can be used for the other connections assigned to the same channel or channels. The effective transmission rate for each connection is of course reduced if many connections share the same physical chan nels. Therefore, from a user's point of view it is beneficial not to share a channel with other users. 30 WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 The circuit switched connections often carry speech, whereas the packet switched connections are mostly used for data. Therefore, the circuit switched connections must be transmitted in real time, while this is not so critical for the packet switched connections. Therefore, circuit switched connections are usually given a higher pri 5 ority than packet switched connections. This means that, if the total number of channels requested is higher than the total number of available channels, packet switched connections may be disconnected to enable a circuit switched connection. Depending on the traffic demand in the cell the number of channels required for 10 each type varies with time. Therefore, the dynamic allocation of resources between circuit switched and packet switched traffic should be possible. Since the total num ber of channels in a cell is fixed, the number of channels allocated to each type of traffic has to be balanced, especially when the total traffic demand in a cell is high. 15 European Patent Specification EP 0 831 669 A2 describes a method for controlling the load of a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system in which circuit switched and packet switched traffic occurs. The number of channels that may be allocated to each type of traffic can be set dynamically in dependence of the de mand for each type of circuit switched and packet switched traffic, respectively. 20 The solution described in EP 0 831 669 A2 relates to the overall distribution of re sources between circuit switched and packet switched networks. It does not, how ever, concern itself with optimizing the utilization of the channels that may be allo cated to each of the two types of traffic. 25 Object of the Invention It is an object of the present invention to enable the efficient traffic handling in TDMA systems using both circuit switched and packet switched traffic. 30 Summary of the Invention WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 This object is achieved according to the invention by a method of allocating chan nels in a mobile telecommunications system in which packet switched and circuit switched traffic may be used, said method comprising the following steps: 5 - specifying a maximum number of channels (TSmAx) that may be allocated to packet switched connections for each frequency; - specifying a maximum number of connections (NUJtx) that may be allocated to one channel; - when a packet switched connection is requested, performing the following steps: 10 - checking if the maximum number (TSmx) of channels have been allocated and, if not, allocating the available channels to the connection; - if more channels were requested, allocating other channels among the channels that may be allocated to packet switched connections to the requested packet switched connection. 15 The object is also achieved by a control node in a mobile telecommunications net work comprising programs developed to perform said method. The method and control node according to the invention ensure that a certain num 20 ber of channels are always reserved for circuit switched traffic, and at the same time guarantees that a reasonable number of packet switched connections share each of the channels that may be used for packet switched connections According to a first embodiment, if the maximum number (TSmAx) of channels have 25 been allocated, it is checked if the maximum number (NU.x) of connections have been assigned to each of the channels among the channels that may be allocated to packet switched connections, and, if not, the channels having the fewest connec tions will be assigned to the requested connection.

WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 4 If the maximum number (NUmAx) of connections have been assigned to each of said channels, another frequency is selected. According to a second embodiment, if the maximum number (TSmx) of channels 5 have been allocated, it is checked if the maximum number (NUmTx) of connections have been assigned to each of the channels among the channels that may be allo cated to packet switched connections, and, if not, it is checked if the requested number of channels can be allocated to the connection and, if so, the channels hav ing the fewest connections are assigned to the requested connection. If the requested 10 number cannot be allocated to the connection, another frequency is selected. In both embodiments, the steps are preferably performed for each frequency accord mg to a priority order list, until a frequency is found on which the connection re quest can be fulfilled, or until the last frequency has been examined. 15 If no frequency is found on which the connection request can be fulfilled, the best possible assignment of channels is made, the connection is denied or the connection is assigned to channels that may not normally be allocated to packet switched con nections. 20 The maximum number of channels (TSMAx) that may be allocated to packet switched connections and/or the number of connections (NUMAx) that may be as signed to each channel may be set individually for each frequency. This enables the establishment of a limited number of packet switched connections with a high 25 bandwidth without increasing the total number of channels that may be assigned to packet switched connections too much. If a circuit switched connection is requested for which no channels are available among the channels that may not be used for packet switched connections and, the WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 necessary number of channels that may be used for packet switched connections are allocated to the circuit switched connection. One or more packet switched connections may be disconnected to make idle chan nels for the circuit switched connection. 5 This ensures that the circuit switched connections are always given a higher priority than the packet switched connections, which do not require real-time communica tion. Brief Description of the Drawings 10 The present invention will be described in more detail in the following, by way of preferred embodiments, and with particular reference to the drawings, in which Figure 1 illustrates the communication between a mobile terminal and a base station terminal in a TDMA system; Figure 2 is a flow chart of the inventive method; 15 Figures 3A-3E illustrate the use of the inventive method for allocating channels to one frequency. Detailed Description of Embodiments Figure 1 illustrates the communication between a mobile terminal 1 and a base sta 20 tion 3 in a mobile telecommunications system according to TDMA. A number of channels, are transmitted in time slots on the same frequency. In the Figure, eight time slots, corresponding to eight physical channels, are transmitted on the same frequency. The base station 3 is controlled by a base station controller 5, through which it is connected to a telecommunications network 7. This description is, how 25 ever, only concerned with the communication between the mobile terminal 1 and the base station 3. A circuit switched connection is assigned one or more physical channels, and oc cupies this channel or these channels alone for the duration of the connection. A WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 6 packet switched connection is assigned one or more physical channels, which it shares with other packet switched connections. In the discussion below the following definitions are used: 5 NUmwx: The maximum number of packet switched connections that can be ac commodated for each time slot. TSwMAx: The maximum number of time slots on one frequency that may be allo cated for packet switched connections. If the TSMAx criterion is fulfilled for a frequency, this means that at least this number of time slots on this 10 frequency is allocated to packet switched connections. Area The area criterion is fulfilled for a given frequency if there are at least NUwe connections assigned to all the channels that may be allocated to packet switched connections on that frequency. 15 Both NUmAx and TSwx may be given different values for different frequencies. This may be used to make the system more flexible. For example, the value for TSwex may be set relatively low for most frequencies, while a few frequencies may have a higher TSMAx to enable packet switched connections with higher bandwidth on these few frequencies. 20 NUmAx and TSwAx are used together to determine when a new frequency should be selected for new packet switched connections to be set up. They may be set by the operator and may be changed when the traffic situation changes. 25 Two fundamental assumptions are made, which are true for most TDMA systems: 1) A priority order has been defined for the allocation frequencies to circuit switched and packet switched traffic, respectively. 2) In the case of congestion, circuit switched traffic has a higher priority than packet switched traffic. This means that, if more than the available number of channels WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 7 are requested a channel used for packet switched connections may be pre-empted to make room for a circuit switched connection. If TSmAx has different values for different frequencies, different priority lists may be 5 used. For example, the first frequency examined may always be the frequency for which TSmx is equal to the number of channels requested. Figure 2 is a flow chart of the method according to the invention. In the initial situation all channels are either idle or used for circuit switched connections. 10 Step S 1: A packet switched connection utilizing a number N of channels is re quested. Step S2: Select the first frequency in the above mentioned priority list. Step S3: Is the TSm criterion fulfilled for this frequency? If no, go to step S4; if yes, go to step S5. 15 Step S4: Allocate the channels that may be allocated to packet switched connec tions and that are not currently allocated to any connection on this fre quency to the connection. If more channels are requested, go to step S6, otherwise, end of procedure. Step S5: Is the Area criterion fulfilled for this frequency? If no, go to step S6; if 20 yes, go to step S7. Step S6: Assign the requested number of channels on this frequency to the packet switched connection, or, if the number of channels requested is higher than TSmx, assign TSmx channels. The channels are selected as the ones that have the fewest connections allocated to them among the 25 ones already used for packet switched connections. End of procedure. Step S7: Is this the last frequency in the priority list? If yes, go to step S8, if no, go to step S9. Step S8: Make the best possible assignment of channels. Step S9: Select the next frequency in the priority list as the current frequency. 30 Go to step S3.

WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 8 In step S8, that is, if the TSmA and the Area criteria are fulfilled for all frequencies, alternative actions are possible. In the flow chart it has been assumed that the con nection is assigned to channels already having more than NUMAx connections as 5 signed to them. It would also be possible to deny the connection altogether, to guar antee a minimum bandwitdh to eactconnection actually set up. A third possibility would be to assign channels that may not normally be used for packet switched connections to the connection. 10 Figures 3A-3E illustrate the allocation of channels according to the procedure de scribed above. In these figures TSmAx is set to four and NUMAx is set to three. This means that, of the eight channels available on the frequency shown, four may be allocated to packet switched connections. Three connections may share one physical channel before it will be considered to allocate a newly requested connection to a 15 new frequency. Figure 3A shows the situation when there is only one connection on the frequency. Two channels have been allocated to the connection, as indicated by the two boxes with diagonal shading. 20 Figure 3B shows the situation after a second connection has been established. Three channels have been assigned to this connection, as indicated by three boxes with vertical shading. Since fewer than TSmx (that is, four) channels were allocated to packet switched data before this connection was set up, the connection uses the two 25 channels that were not previously used and shares one channel with the first con nection. Figure 3C shows the situation after the establishment of a third connection using four time slots. Since all the four channels allocated to packet switched connections 30 already had been assigned, a check was made to see if the Area criterion was ful- WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 0 filled, that is, if the maximum number of connections had already been assigned to each channel. Since this was not the case, all the four channels of the frequency that may be allocated to packet switched connections have been allocated to the connec tion, as indicated by the dotted shadow squares. 5 Figure 3D shows the situation after two more one-channel connections have been allocated. The time slots used are shown as black squares. Now all the channels ex cept one have the maximum number of connections assigned to them. If a connection request for two or more channels is made at this stage, there are two 10 alternatives: 1) The connection may be set up on this frequency, which means that on two chan nels there will be one more than NUmAx (that is, three) connections. This is the situation shown in Figure 3E. 2) Another frequency may be selected for the new connection, since it cannot be set 15 up on this frequency without violating the Area criterion. The functions described above may be implemented as software packages included in a node in the network. A separate node may be included, or the functions may be implemented in an existing node, for example, the base station controller 5 shown in 20 Figure 1.

Claims

1. A method of allocating channels in a mobile telecommunications system in which packet switched and circuit switched traffic may be used, characterized by the 5 following steps: - specifying a maximum number of channels (TSwx) that may be allocated to packet switched connections for each frequency; - specifying a maximum number of connections (N MJAX) that may be allocated to one channel; 10 - when a packet switched connection is requested, performing the following steps: - checking if the maximum number (TSMx) of channels have been allocated and, if not, allocating the available channels to the connection; - if more channels were requested allocating other channels among the channels that may be allocated to packet switched connections to the requested packet 15 switched connection.

2. A method according to claim 1, comprising the subsequent step of, if the maximum number (TSMAx) of channels have been allocated: checking if the maximum number (NUmAx) of connections have been assigned to 20 each of the channels among the channels that may be allocated to packet switched connections, and, if not, allocating the channels having the fewest con nections to the requested connection.

3. A method according to claim 2, wherein, if the maximum number (NUMAX) of 25 connections have been assigned to each of said channels, another frequency is selected.

4. A method according to claim 1, comprising the subsequent step of, if the maximum number (TSmAx) of channels have been allocated: WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 11 checking if the maximum number (NUMAx) of connections have been assigned to each of the channels among the channels that may be allocated to packet switched connections, and, if not, checking if the requested number of channels can be allocated to the connection 5 and if so, allocating the channels having the fewest connections to the requested connec tion.

5. A method according to claim 4, wherein, if the requested number cannot be allo 10 cated to the connection, another frequency is selected.

6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the steps are performed for each frequency according to a priority order list, until a frequency is found on which the connection request can be fulfilled, or until the last fre 15 quency has been examined.

7. A method according to claim 6, wherein, if no frequency is found on which the connection request can be fulfilled, the best possible assignment of channels is made. 20

8. A method according to claim 6, wherein, if no frequency is found on which the connection request can be fulfilled, the connection is denied.

9. A method according to claim 6, wherein, if no frequency is found on which the 25 connection request can be fulfilled, the connection is assigned to channels that may not normally be allocated to packet switched connections.

10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims comprising the steps of, if a circuit switched connection is requested, WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 12~ checking if the requested number of channels are available among the channels that may not be used for packet switched connections and, if so, assigning the re quested number of channels among these channels to the connection. 5

11. A method according to claim 8, wherein, if the requested number of channels are not available among the channels that may not be used for packet switched con nections, the necessary number of channels that may be used for packet switched connections are allocated to the circuit switched connection. 10

12. A method according to claim 9, wherein, if no idle channels are available for a requested circuit switched connection, one or more packet switched connections are disconnected to make idle channels for the circuit switched connection.

13. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the maximum 15 number of channels (TSMAx) that may be allocated to packet switched connections and/or the number of connections (NUmAx) that may be assigned to each channel may be set individually for each frequency.

14. A control node in a mobile telecommunications system characterized in that it 20 comprises - memory means holding a values (TSmAx, NUmAx) specifying a maximum number of channels that may be allocated to packet switched connections for each fre quency and a maximum number of connections that may be assigned to one channel respectively; 25 - means for, when a packet switched connection is requested: - checking if the maximum number (TSmAx) of channels have been allocated and, if not, allocating the available channels to the connection; - if more channels were requested, assigning other channels among the channels that may be allocated to packet switched connections to the requested packet 30 switched connection. WO 00/01186 PCT/SE99/01080 13

15. A control node according to claim 14, arranged to, if the maximum number (TSwAx) of channels have been allocated: check if the maximum number (NUmAx) of connections have been assigned to 5 each of the channels among the channels that may be allocated to packet switched connections, and, if not, allocate the channels having the fewest con nections to the requested connection.

16. A control node according to claim 15, arranged to, if the maximum number 10 (NUmAx) of connections have been assigned to each of said channels, select an other frequency.

17. A control node according to claim 14, arranged to, if the maximum number (TSwx) of channels have been allocated: 15 check if the maximum number (NUmAx) of connections have been assigned to each of the channels among the channels that may be allocated to packet switched connections, and, if not, check if the requested number of channels can be allocated to the connection and, if so, 20 assign the channels having the fewest connections to the requested connection.