AU2013202514B2 - Activating agent for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta - Google Patents

Activating agent for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta Download PDF

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AU2013202514B2
AU2013202514B2 AU2013202514A AU2013202514A AU2013202514B2 AU 2013202514 B2 AU2013202514 B2 AU 2013202514B2 AU 2013202514 A AU2013202514 A AU 2013202514A AU 2013202514 A AU2013202514 A AU 2013202514A AU 2013202514 B2 AU2013202514 B2 AU 2013202514B2
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Australia
Prior art keywords
halogen
alkyl
isopropyl
compound
substituted
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AU2013202514A1 (en
Inventor
Seiichiro Masui
Nobutaka Mochiduki
Shogo Sakuma
Rie Takahashi
Masatoshi Ushioda
Tomio Yamakawa
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Nippon Chemiphar Co Ltd
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Nippon Chemiphar Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from AU2007239283A external-priority patent/AU2007239283B2/en
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Abstract

A compound represented by the following general for mula (11) or a salt thereof is used as an activator of SppAp3 (II) R As wherein Ga is 0, CH or the like; 10 A8 is thiazole, oxazole, or thiophene, which can have a substituent such as C alkyl, C4,8 alkoxy, halogen, C1. alkyl substituted with halogen or the like; B' is a C1 j alkylene or C2 alkenylene chain; and each of R and R" independently is hydrogen, C 15 alkyl, C>B alkoxy, halogen, C7 8 alkyl substituted with halogen or the like

Description

1 ACTIVATING AGENT FOR PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR 5 The present application is a divisional from Australian application 2007239283, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. 5 Technical field The present invention relates to an activator of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR). 10 Prior art As the activator of peroxisome proliferator acti vated receptor (PPAR), three subtypes, namely PPARa, PPARy and PPAR6 have been identified (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, p7 3 3 5-7359, 1994). 15 Various compounds have been reported with respect to functions of activating transcription of the PPAR sub types, lowering blood sugar level, or improving metabo lism of lipid. For example, GW-590735 (GSK), KRP-101 (Ky orin) and NS-220 (Roche-Nippon Shinyaku) have been re 20 ported as a selective a-agonist having the function of improving metabolism of lipid (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 309(3): 970, Jun 2001). Other agents have a function as a dual agonist for PPARy and PPARa. For example, TZD (thiazolidinedione) de 25 rivatives such as KRP-297 (Kyorin) and others such as Muraglitazar (BMS) and Tesaglitazar (AstraZeneca), which are shown below, have been known as the agents have the function. The compounds have been developed as agents for treatment of diabetes to have a main function for PPARa. 30 Therefore, it is reported that the compounds do not have a strong function for PPARy. LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 -2 0 0 N NH7z H K-NH 0 KRP-297 (Kyorin)
CH
3 O CH 3 N 0
CO
2 H 5 Muraglitazar (BMS) 3
C
2 C2H 5 Tesaglitazar (AstraZeneca) 10 As a selective agonist for PPAR8, GW-501516 (GSK) having the following formula of phenoxyacetic acid type has been known. WO 01/603 and Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13 (2003) 1517-1521 report that the compound has been devel oped as an agent for improving metabolism of lipid. 15 N CH3
F
3 C N S CH 3 0 CO 2 H WO 01/603 further discloses the following compounds of phenylglycine type and phenylpropionic acid type. 20 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 -3 N CH3
F
3 C O N ,CO 2 H
OH
3 N- CH3
F
3 C N O CH 3
CO
2 H The present inventors have filed WO 02/76957, which 5 describes that the following compound of phenylacetic acid type has a function of activating transcription of PPAR. 0CO2H 10 The present inventors have further filed WO 03/16291, which describes that a compound of substituted phenoxyacetic acid type also has an excellent function of activating transcription of PPARS. 15 WO 04/63184 has recently discloses a compound of phenylpropionic acid type having thiophene in its formula as a PPAR modulator. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13 (2003) 1517-1521 describes that the activating function of phenylpropionic acid type 20 for PPARB is about 30 times weaker than the function of phenoxyacetic acid type. L.AI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 4 WO 01/603 and Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13 (2003) 1517-1521 are silent with respect to a metical effect of the phenylglycine type. The compounds represented by the formula (I), (II) and (III) according to the present invention differ from the above mentioned compounds such as GW-501516. The above-mentioned documents are silent with respect to the compounds. A reference herein to a patent document or other matter which is given as prior art is not to be taken as an admission that that document or matter was known or that the information it contains was part of the common general knowledge as at the priority date of any of the claims. Throughout the description and claims of the specification, the word "comprise" and variations of the word, such as "comprising" and "comprises", is not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers or steps. Disclosure of invention An aspect of the invention is to provide compounds represented by the formula (I), (II) and (III), which have a function of activating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor. The present inventors have studied and discovered that compounds of phenylpropionic acid type unexpectedly has an excellent function of activating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor 5, which is different from the descriptions in Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13 (2003) 1517-1521. The present invention provides a compound having the following formula (I) or a salt thereof: (I) 840789 5
R
2 Rl 1=VV 1
(CR
3
R
4 )A-8 x-Yz wherein each of W 1 and W 2 independently is CH or nitrogen; X is NR 5 or CR 6
R
7 , wherein R 5 is hydrogen, C 1
-
8 alkyl, C1- 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1
_
8 alkyl substituted with C1- 8 alkoxy, cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven-membered ring,
C
1
-
8 alkyl substituted with cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven-membered ring, C 1
_
8 alkyl substituted with phenyl, C 2
-
8 acyl, or C 2
-
8 alkenyl, and each of R 6 and R 7 independently is hydrogen or C1-8 alkyl; Y is -(CR 8
R
9 )n-, wherein each of R" and R 9 independently is hydrogen or C 1 - alkyl, and n is 1 to 4; or X and Y are combined to form -CR' 0
=CR
1 1 - or ethynylene, wherein each of R' 0 and R 11 independently is hydrogen or C 1
-
8 alkyl; Z is carboxyl or tetrazolyl; G is 0, S or CR1 2
R"
3 , wherein each of R 1 2 and R 13 independently is hydrogen or C1-s alkyl; A is five-membered heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of thiazole, oxazole, imidazole, pyrazole, thiophene, furan, and pyrrole, which can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1
_
8 alkyl, C 2 -8 alkenyl, C 2
-
8 alkynyl, C 1
-
8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1
_
8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1
-
8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, C 2
-
8 acyl, C 6
_
10 aryl, and a five membered or six-membered heterocyclic group; B is a C 1 -8 alkylene, C 2
-
8 alkenylene or C 2
-
8 alkynylene chain, wherein the chain can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1
-
8 alkyl, cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven-membered ring, C 1 8 alkoxy, and halogen; each of RI and R 2 independently is hydrogen, C1-8 alkyl, C2-8 alkenyl, C2-3 alkynyl, C1-8 alkoxy, halogen, C1_s alkyl 840789 6 substituted with halogen, C1-8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, C2-8 acyl, C-10 aryl, or a five-membered or six membered heterocyclic group; each of R 3 and R 4 independently is hydrogen or C1-8 alkyl; and m is an integer of 0 to 3. The invention also provides a compound having the following formula (II) or a salt thereof: (TI) R2a CO2H
R
1 Aa-Ba wherein Ga is 0, S or CH 2 ; Aa is five-membered heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of thiazole, oxazole, and thiophene, which can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C1-8 alkyl, C1_8 alkoxy, halogen, C1-8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C1-8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, and C2-8 acyl; Ba is a C1_8 alkylene or C2-8 alkenylene chain; and each of Ria and R 2 a independently is hydrogen, Ci_8 alkyl, C1_8 alkoxy, halogen, Ci_8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C1_8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, or C2-8 acyl. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a compound having the following formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: 840789 7 (II),
R
2 a I 1 C0 2 H R1"Ia Aa-Ba G" wherein Ga is 0; Aa is five-membered heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of thiazole, oxazole, and thiophene, wherein the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with C1-s alkyl; Ba is a C1_8 alkylene or C2-8 alkenylene chain; and each of Ria and R2a independently is hydrogen, C1-8 alkyl, halogen, C1_8 alkyl substituted with halogen, or hydroxyl. The invention further provides a compound having the following formula (III) or a salt thereof: (III) R2b Rab N-,,,COzH Rib Ab-Bb KJ Gb wherein Gb is 0, S or CH 2 ; Ab is five-membered heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of thiazole, oxazole, and thiophene, which can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C1- alkyl, Ci_ alkoxy, halogen, C1-8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C18 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, and C2_8 acyl; Bis a C1_8 alkylene or C2-8 alkenylene chain; each of Rib and R 2 b independently is hydrogen, C1s alkyl, 840789 - 7a C1_8 alkoxy, halogen, Ci-8 alkyl substituted with halogen, Ci_8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, or C2-8 acyl; and
R
3 b is hydrogen or Ci-8 alkyl. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a compound having the following formula (III) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: (III), RRlb N CO 2 H wherein Gb is 0; A is a five-membered heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of thiazole, oxazole, and thiophene, which is optionally substituted with C 1
-
8 alkyl; Bb is a Ci_8 alkylene or C2-8 alkenylene chain; each of Rib and R 2 b independently is hydrogen, C 1
-
8 alkyl, halogen, C1-8 alkyl substituted with halogen, hydroxyl; and
R
3 b is hydrogen or C1-8 alkyl. The present invention provides an activator of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor 5 which contains as an effective component a compound having the formula (I), (II), or (III) or a salt thereof. The invention also provides a method of activating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor 5, characterized in that effective dose of a compound having the formula (I), (II), or (III) or a salt thereof is administered as an effective component. 840789 - 7b The invention further provides a method for treatment and/or prophylaxis of a disease mediated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor 5, such as dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, obesity including internal-organs fat type, atherosclerosis or disease associated therewith, or diabetes, characterized in that effective dose of a compound having the formula (I), (II), or (III) or a salt thereof is administered as an effective component. The invention furthermore provides the use of a compound having the formula (I), (II), or (III) or a salt thereof for treatment and/or prophylaxis of a disease mediated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor 5, such as dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, obesity including internal organs fat type, atherosclerosis or disease associated therewith, or diabetes. 840769 - 8 Best embodiments of invention The present invention is described below in more de tail. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 In the formula (I), R , R , R , R , R , R6, R , R8, RS, R 10, R", R , R , a substituent of the five-membered het erocyclic ring represented by A, and a substituent of the Ci_ 8 alkylene, C 2
-
8 alkenylene or C2-8 alkynylene chain represented by B can be C1_8 alkyl. Examples of the Ci_ 8 10 alkyl include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, pentyl and hexyl. R i, R 2, R 5 , and a substituent of the five-membered heterocyclic ring represented by A can be C 2
-
8 alkenyl. Examples of the C 2
-
8 alkenyl include vinyl and allyl. 15 Ri, R 2 , and a substituent of the five-membered het erocyclic ring represented by A can be C 2
-
8 alkynyl. Ex amples of the C 2
-
8 alkynyl include propargyl. R1, R 2, a substituent of the five-membered heterocyc lic ring represented by A, and a substituent of the C1_8 20 alkylene, C2-8 alkenylene or C 2 -8 alkynylene chain repre sented by B can be C 1
_
8 alkoxy. Examples of the C 1
.
8 alkoxy include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, bu toxy, isobutoxy, t-butoxy, pentyloxy, and hexyloxy. Ri, R , a substituent of the five-membered heterocyc 25 lic ring represented by A, and a substituent of the C18 alkylene, C2-8 alkenylene or C 2
-
8 alkynylene chain repre sented by B can be halogen. Examples of the halogen in clude fluorine, chlorine, and bromine. Ri, R 2, R 5, and a substituent of the five-membered 30 heterocyclic ring represented by A can- be C1-8 alkyl sub stituted with halogen. Examples of the C 1
_
8 alkyl substi tuted with halogen include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopro pyl, butyl, and t-butyl which are substituted with 1-3 halogens such as fluorine, chlorine, and bromine. Pre LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 9 ferred are trifluoromethyl, chloromethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2-bromoethyl, and 2-fluoroethyl. R', R 2 , and a substituent of the five-membered het erocyclic ring represented by A can be C1- 8 alkoxy substi 5 tuted with halogen. Examples of the C 1
-
8 alkoxy substi tuted with halogen include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, iso propoxy, butoxy, and t-butoxy which are substituted with 1-3 halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, or bromine atom. Preferred are trifluoromethoxy, chloro 10 methoxy, 2-chloroethoxy, 2-bromoethoxy, and 2 fluoroethoxy. RI, R2 , R , and a substituent of the five-membered heterocyclic ring represented by A can be C 2
-
8 acyl. Ex amples of the C 2 -8 acyl include acetyl and propionyl. 15 R 1 , R 2 , and a substituent of the five-membered het erocyclic ring represented by A can be C6-10 aryl. Exam ples of the C6- 1 0 aryl include phenyl. R , R 2, and a substituent of the five-membered het erocyclic ring represented by A can be a five-membered or 20 six-membered heterocyclic group. Examples of the five membered or six-membered heterocyclic group include pyridyl.
R
5 can be Ci-8 alkyl substituted with C 1
_
8 alkoxy. Examples of the Ci- 8 alkyl substituted with C1-8 alkoxy 25 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobu tyl, t-butyl, pentyl and hexyl which are substituted with methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, t-butoxy, pentyloxy, or hexyloxy. R5 can be cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven 30 membered ring. Examples of the cycloalkyl of three membered to seven-membered ring include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl. R can be C 1 8 alkyl substituted with cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven-membered ring. Examples of the LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 10 C 1
_
8 alkyl substituted with cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven-membered ring include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, pentyl and hexyl which are substituted with cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, 5 cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. R5 can be C1-8 alkyl substituted with phenyl. Exam ples of the C 1
_
8 alkyl substituted with phenyl include benzyl and phenethyl. A substituent of the C 1
_
8 alkylene, C 2
-
8 alkenylene or 10 C 2
-
8 alkynylene chain represented by B can be cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven-membered ring. Examples of the cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven-membered ring in clude cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclo hexyl. 15 In the formula (II), Ra, R 2 a, and a substituent of five-membered heterocyclic ring represented by Aa can be C1-s alkyl, C 1 8 alkoxy, halogen, Ci_ 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, Ci_8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, and C2-8 acyl. Examples of them are the same as the examples 20 of R', R 2 , and the substituent of the five-membered het erocyclic ring represented by A in the formula (I). In the formula (III), Rib, R 2 b, and a substituent of five-membered heterocyclic ring represented by Ab can be
C
1 8 alkyl, Ci- 8 alkoxy, halogen, C1_ 8 alkyl substituted 25 with halogen, Ci-. alkoxy substituted with halogen, and
C
2
-
8 acyl. Examples of them are the same as the examples of R 1 , R 2 , and the substituent of the five-membered het erocyclic ring represented by A in the formula (I). In the formula (III), R can be C1_ 8 alkyl. Examples 30 are the same as the examples of R 5 in the formula (I). Each of R , R2 in the formula (I), R, R'a in the formula (II), R and R2b in the formula (III) can be one to three groups attached to the rings, such as benzene LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 11 ring. The two or three groups can be different from each other. Preferred compounds of the present invention are shown below. 5 (1) A compound having the formula (I) or a salt thereof, wherein each of W1 and W 2 is CH (2) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in (1), or a salt thereof, wherein X is CR 6 R7 10 (3) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in (1), or a salt thereof, wherein X is CH 2 (4) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in (1), or a salt thereof, 15 wherein X is NR 5 (5) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in (1), or a salt thereof, wherein X is NH (6) A compound having the formula (I), a salt 20 thereof, a compound defined in (1), or a salt thereof, wherein X is NR 5 , and R 5 is C 1
_
8 alkyl (7) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in one of (1) to (6), or a salt thereof, wherein Y is CH 2 25 (8) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in one of (1) to (7), or a salt thereof, wherein Z is carboxyl (9) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in one of (1) to (8), or a 30 salt thereof, wherein G is 0 (10) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in one of (1) to (9), or a salt thereof, wherein A is thiazole, which can be substi tuted with a substituent selected from the group consist LAI-2980356vl 949472 - 228011 - 12 ing of C 1 -8 alkyl, C 2
-
8 alkenyl, C 2
-
8 alkynyl, C 1
.
8 alkoxy, halogen, C1_ 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, CI-8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, C 2
-
8 acyl, C6 10 aryl, and a five-membered or six-membered heterocyclic 5 group (11) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in one of (1) to (10), or a salt thereof, wherein B is ethylene chain (12) A compound having the formula (I), a salt 10 thereof, a compound defined in one of (1) to (11), or a salt thereof, wherein each of R' and R 2 independently is hydrogen, C 1 8 alkyl, C 2
-
8 alkenyl, Ci_8 alkoxy, halogen,
C
1
_
8 alkyl substituted with halogen, or C1_8 alkoxy sub stituted with halogen 15 (13) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in one of (1) to (11), or a salt thereof, wherein each of R' and R 2 independently is hydrogen, C 1 8 alkyl, halogen, or C 1
_
8 alkyl substituted with halogen 20 (14) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in one of (1) to (13), or a salt thereof, wherein each of R 3 and R 4 is hydrogen (15) A compound having the formula (I), a salt thereof, a compound defined in one of (1) to (14), or a 25 salt thereof, wherein m is 0 (16) A compound having the formula (II) or a salt thereof, wherein Ga is 0. (17) A compound having the formula (II), a salt thereof, a compound defined in (16), or a salt thereof, 30 wherein Aa is thiazole, which can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of Ci_ 8 al kyl, C 1 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1
_
8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C1_8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, and C2- 8 acyl. LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 13 (18) A compound having the formula (II), a salt thereof, a compound defined in (16) or (17), or a salt thereof, wherein Ba is ethylene chain. (19) A compound having the formula (II), a salt 5 thereof, a compound defined in one of (16) to (18), or a salt thereof, wherein each of Ria and R 2 a independently is hydrogen, C1_8 alkyl, Ci- 8 alkoxy, halogen, Ci_ 8 alkyl sub stituted with halogen, or C1_ 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen. 10 (20) A compound having the formula (III) or a salt thereof, wherein Gb is O. (21) A compound having the formula (III), a salt thereof, a compound defined in (20), or a salt thereof, wherein Ab is thiazole, which can be substituted with a 15 substituent selected from the group consisting of C1_s al kyl, C 1
.
8 alkoxy, halogen, C1_ 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, Ci_ 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, and C 2
-
8 acyl. (22) A compound having the formula (III), a salt 20 thereof, a compound defined in (20) or (21), or a salt thereof, wherein Bb is ethylene chain. (23) A compound having the formula (III), a salt thereof, a compound defined in one of (20) to (22), or a salt thereof, wherein each of Rib and R 2 b independently is 25 hydrogen, C1_ 8 alkyl, Ci_8 alkoxy, halogen, C18 alkyl sub stituted with halogen, or Ci- 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen. The compound having the formula (I), (II), or (III) can be present in the form of a pharmaceutically accept 30 able salt. Examples of the salt include an alkali metal salt, such as sodium salt, potassium salt and lithium salt. The compound of the present invention can also be present in the form of an optical isomer such as enanti LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 14 omer or racemic body, or a geometrical isomer such as cis or trans. These isomers are included in the scope of the present invention. The processes for preparing the compound of the for 5 mula (I) according to the invention are described below. Synthetic process 1 (wherein G is 0, B is ethylene, and Z is carboxyl) R2 R1.W' (CR 3
R
4 )m-A-CHO + 1X-Y-C2R W2 (a) J 10 (b) R2 Rp=W 1
(CR
3
R
4 )m- A XYC 2 R (c) R> R , (CR 3
R
4 )m- A X- YCO 2 R (d) R 2
R
1
,=W
1
(CR
3
R
4 )m-A 2 0 (e) 15 In the formulas, R is lower alkyl, and each of W 1 ,
W
2 , X, Y, A, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and m are described above. LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 15 The compound of the formula (c) can be prepared by reacting the aldehyde of the formula (a) with the aceto phenone derivative of the formula (b) in the present of a base such as sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide in an 5 inert solvent such as THF, methanol, or ethanol. A catalytic hydrogen reduction reaction of the ob tained compound of the formula (c) is carried out in the presence of palladium-active carbon in an inert solvent such as THF or methanol to obtain an ester of the formula 10 (d). A hydrolytic reaction of the ester of the formula (d) is carried out in the presence of lithium hydroxide or the like to obtain the compound of the formula (e) ac cording to the present invention. In the case that X-Y-CO 2 H is propionic acid, an 15 acrylic ester can be used as the compound of the formula (b) . In this case, the acrylic ester is reduced to the propionic ester at the step of reducing the formula (c) to obtain the formula (d). 20 Synthetic process 2 (wherein G is CH 2 , and Z is carboxyl) R2 X-Y--CO2R
R
1
-
1
(CR
3
R
4 )m-A-B ' R 2 R /=W 1
(CR
3
R
4 )m-A-B X-Y--C0 2 R (g)
CH
2 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 16 R2 Hydrolysis R 1 /=w 1
(CR
3
R
4 )m-A-B N XY-CO 2 H V (h) CH 2 In the formulas, R is lower alkyl, and each of W1, W 2, X, Y, A, B, R1, R 2 , R3, R 4 , and m are described above. 5 The ester of the formula (g) can be prepared by re acting the ketone of the formula (f) with methyl triphenylphosphonium bromide, sodium amide in an inert solvent such as THF. A hydrolytic reaction of the ester of the formula (g) is carried out in the presence of 10 lithium hydroxide to obtain the compound of the formula (h) according to the present invention. Synthetic process 3 (wherein X is NR 5 , and Z is carboxyl) R 2 R5 Hal-Y-CO 2 R
R
1 w 1
(CR
3
R
4 )m-A-B NH G 15 V.) G
F
2 Hydrolysis
R
1 _W1 (CR 3
R
4 )m-A-B
N-Y-CO
2 R I WV2 (k) G R 2 R5 RF /=W1 (CR 3
R
4 )mAB N-Y-CO 2 R V2i G LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 17 In the formulas, R is lower alkyl, hal is halogen, and each of Wi, W 2 , Y, A, B, R1, R 2 , R3, R4, R 5 , and m are described above. The ester of the formula (k) can be prepared by re 5 acting the amine of the formula (i) with the aliphatic ester of the formula (j). A hydrolytic reaction of the ester of the formula (k) is carried out to obtain the co mpound of (1) according to the present invention. The amine of the formula (i) as a stating material 10 in which R 5 is alkyl can be prepared according to the fol lowing reaction. R 2 -; N-Protection R W 1
(CR
3
R
4 )m-A-B
NH
2 G R 2 H N-Alkylation
R
1
W
1
(CR
3
R
4 )m-A-B N-Q V\ G R 2 R5 Deprotection
R
1
-W
1
(CR
3
R
4 )mAB N-Q - 15 7G R2 R W 1
(CR
3
R
4 )m-A-B NH G LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 18 In the formulas, R 5 is alkyl, Q is a protective group for o-nitrobenzenesulfonyl or the like, and each of W 1 , 2 W , A, B, R1, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and m are described above. The amine of the formula (i) as a stating material 5 in which R 5 is H can be prepared according to the follow ing reaction. R 2
R
1
(CR
3
R
4 )m-A-CHO + NO 2 vv 2 R' w' (CR 3
R
4 )m A NO 2 w 2 0 R 2 Reduction R' =W 1
(CR
3
R
4 )m-A NH 2 10 w 2 0 In the formulas, each of W', W 2 , A, R 1 , R2, R 3 , R 4 , and m are described above. The compound of the present invention of the formula 15 (I), (II) or (III) can be prepared by referring to the above-mentioned synthetic processes, the below-mentioned examples, and the above-mentioned patent or known docu ments. Examples of the compounds of the present invention 20 are shown in the following Tables 1 to 37. (1) LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 19 Rb 2 ,C2 N 3 XCO 2 H n 0 5 R t In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, R', and n are set forth in Tables 1 to 3. 5 TABLE 1 x Y Ra R bRc n
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Hexyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
C(CH
3
)
2 4-CF 3 Propyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH(CH
3 ) 4-CF 3 sec-Butyl 3-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (C 2
H
5 ) 4-CF 3 tert-Butyl 3-CH 3 2
CH
2 CH(Propyl) 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2, 6-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropyl 3,5-CH 3 3 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl 2-Allyl 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl 2-Propyl 2
CH
2
CH
2 2,4-Cl CH30CH 2
CH
2 2-CH30 2
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH, 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-Cl 1 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 20 TABLE 2 X Y Ra Rb Rc n
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Heptyl 2, 6-CH 3 1 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (CH 3 ) CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (C2H5) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2-OH,4-Cl Isopropyl 3-CH 3 3 NH CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH3 1
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2 ) 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH3 1 CH2 CH2 4-CN Isopropyl 2-OH 2 CH2 CH 2 4-t-Butyl Isopropyl 2-Acetyl 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-Isopropyl Isopropl 2-CF 3 1 TABLE 3 5 x y Ra Rb Rc CH2 (CH2) 3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH3 2 CH2 CH2 4-CF 3 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH3 3 CH2 CH 2 4-CF 3 0 CH30 (CH2) 5 2-CH30 3 NH CH2 4-CF 3 0 CH30 (CH2) 5 2-CH30 1
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl 2-F 2 N (CH 3 ) CH2 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2-F 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH2 4-CF 3 (CH3) 2CH (CH2) 5 2,5-CH3 1 N(Allyl) CH2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl 2,5-CH3 1 N(Ac) CH2 2,4-CH3 Isopropyl 2-CH3 1
N(CH
3 ) (CH2)2 4-Acetyl Isopropyl 2-CH3 2 LAI-2980356vi 949477 - 228011 - 21 (2)
CH
3 RRb X CO 2 H NG
R
2 ~< Rd R~ In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, , Re, and G are set 5 forth in Table 4. TABLE 4 X Y Ra Rb Rd/Re G
CH
2 CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl H/H S
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl H/H C(CH3)2 CH2 CH2 4-CH 3 Heptyl H/H CH 2 NH CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H S
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2 CH2 CH2 4-CN Isopropyl H/H C(CH3)2 CH2 (CH 2
)
3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2
CH
3 /H CH 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 0 CH30 (CH 2
)
5 CH3/H 0 N (CH 3 ) CH2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl Propyl/H 0 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH2 4-CF 3 (CH3) 2CH (CH2) 5 CH 3 /H 0 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl H/H S N(Acetyl) CH2 2,4-CH 3 Isopropyl CH3/CH3 CH 2 10 (3) Rb
R
2 R N Rb RaS X CO 2 H n 0 6 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 22 In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb , RC, and n are set forth in Tables 5 and 6. 5 TABLE 5 X Y Ra Rb Rc n
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Hexyl 2-CH 3 2
CH
2 C (CH3) 2 4-CF 3 Propyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (CH 3 ) 4-CF 3 sec-Butyl 3-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (C 2
H
5 ) 4-CF 3 tert-Butyl 3-CH 3 2
CH
2 CH (Propyl) 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2, 6-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2 ) 3 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 4-CH 3 1 CH2 (CH 2
)
3 4-CF 3 Cyclopropyl 3, 6-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH,4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-Cl 1 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 TABLE 6 X Y Ra pb Rc n N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl CH 3 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2-OH,4-Cl Isopropyl 3-CH 3 3
CH
2
CH
2 4-Isopropyl Isopropyl 2-CF 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH 3 3 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 0 CH30 (CH 2
)
5 2-CH 3 0 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2-F 1 N (CH 3 ) (CH 2 ) 2 4-Acetyl Isopropyl 2-CH 3 2 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 23 (4) N Rb CH 3
R
8 - Rd R~ S X CO 2 H G 5 In the formula, X, Y, Ra, R b, Rd, Re, and G are set forth in Table 7. TABLE 7 x Y Ra Rb R d/Re G
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl H/H S
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl H/H C (CH3) 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Heptyl H/H CH 2 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H S N (CH 3 ) (CH 2 ) 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl H/H C (CH 3 ) 2
CH
2
(CH
2 )3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2
CH
3
/CH
3
CH
2 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl H/H S N(Acetyl) CH 2 2, 4-CH 3 Isopropyl CH 3
/CH
3
CH
2 10 (5) N R3 X -CO 2 H 56 n o Rc In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, R', and n are set forth 15 in Tables 8 and 9. LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 24 TABLE 8 X Y Ra Rb RC n
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Hexyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
C(CH
3
)
2 4-CF 3 Propyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH(CH
3 ) 4-CF 3 sec-Butyl 3-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH(C
2
H
5 ) 4-CF 3 tert-Butyl 3-CH 3 2
CH
2 CH(Propyl) 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2, 6-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 3-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropyl 3,5-CH 3 3
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH, 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-Cl 1 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 5 TABLE 9 X Y Ra Rb Rc_ n
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2-OH,4-Cl Isopropyl H 3
CH
2
CH
2 4-Isopropyl Isopropyl 2-CF 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH 3 3 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 0 (CH 2
)
5 2-CH 3 0 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2-F 1 N (CH 3 ) (CH 2 ) 2 4-Acetyl Isopropyl 2-CH 3 2 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 25 (6)
CH
3 N Rb X, yCO 2 H RN R Re G In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rd, Re, and G are set forth 5 in Table 10. TABLE 10 x y Ra Rb Rd/Re G CH2 CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2
CH(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl H/H S CH2 CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 2,4-Cl CH 3 0CH 2
CH
2 CH3/H 0
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Heptyl H/H CH2 NH CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H S
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 4-t-Butyl Isopropyl C 2
H
5 /H 0
CH
2
(CH
2 ) 3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2
CH
3
/CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 0 (CH 2
)
5
CH
3
/CH
3 0
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl CH3/CH 3 0
N(C
2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3
(CH
3
)
2
CH(CH
2
)
5
CH
3
/CH
3 0 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl H/H S N (Acetyl) CH 2 2, 4-CH 3 Isopropyl CH 3
/CH
3 CH2 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 26 (7) Rb 4e 3 N Rb Ra ~~ \ / Ra0X
CO
2 H n 6 In the formula, X, Y, Ra, R , R', and n are set forth 5 in Tables 11 to 13. TABLE 11 X Y Pa Rb R n CH2 CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Hexyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 2 CH2 C(CH 3
)
2 4-CF 3 Propyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (CH 3 ) 4-CF 3 sec-Butyl 3-CH 3 1 CH2 CH (C 2
H
5 ) 4-CF 3 tert-Butyl 3-CH 3 2
CH
2 CH(Propyl) 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2,6-CH3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropyl 3,4-CH 3 3 CH (CH3) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl 2-Allyl 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl 2-Propyl 2
CH
2
CH
2 2,4-Cl CH30CH 2
CH
2 2-CH30 2 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 27 TABLE 12 X Y Ra Rb Rc n
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH, 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-Cl 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Heptyl 2,6-CH 3 1 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2-OH,4-Cl Isopropyl H 3 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (CH 3 ) (CH 2 ) 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl 2-OH 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-t-Butyl Isopropyl 2-Acetyl 1 TABLE 13 5 X Y Ra Rb Rc n
CH
2
CH
2 4-Isopropyl Isopropyl 2-CF 3 1
CH
2
(CH
2
)
3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH 3 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH 3 3
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 0(CH 2
)
5 2-CH 3 0 3 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 0(CH 2
)
5 2-CH 3 0 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl 2-F 2
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2-F 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3
(CH
3 )2CH (CH 2 ) 5 2,6-CH 3 1 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl 2,6-CH 3 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2, 4-CH 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (CH 3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-Acetyl Ispropyl 2-CH 3 2 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 28 (8) N Rb
CH
3 R a0 X C0 2 H G 5 in the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, Rd, Re, and G are set forth in Table 14. TABLE 14 X Y Ra Rb Rd/Re G
CH
2 CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl H/H S
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl H/H C (CH 3 ) 2
CH
2
CH
2 2, 4-Cl CH 3 0CH 2
CH
2
CH
3 /H 0
CH
2 CH2 4-CH 3 Heptyl H/H CH2 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H S
N(CH
3 ) (CH2) 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 4-t-Butyl Isopropyl C 2
H
5 /H 0
CH
2
(CH
2
)
3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2
CH
3 /H CH2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 O (CH 2 ) 5
CH
3 /H 0 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl CH 3 /H 0
N(C
2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3
(CH
3
)
2
CH(CH
2
)
5
CH
3
/CH
3 0 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl H/H S N(Acetyl) CH 2 2, 4-CH 3 Isopropyl CH 3
/CH
3 CH2 10 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 29 (9) Rb 2 0 3 X, -CO 2 H R"N 6 n O Rc In the formula, X, Y, R, R b, R', and n are set forth 5 in Tables 15 to 17. TABLE 15 X Y R a Rb n
CH
2
CH
2 H Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH, 4-Cl Hexyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH, 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 C (CH3) 2 2,4-Cl Propyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (CH 3 ) 4-CF 3 sec-Butyl 3-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (C 2
H
5 ) 4-CF 3 tert-Butyl 3-CH 3 2
CH
2 CH(Propyl) 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2,6-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 3-CH 3 3 CH2 (CH 2
)
2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropyl 3,5-CH 3 3 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl 2-Allyl 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl 2-Propyl 2
CH
2
CH
2 2,4-Cl CH 3 0CH 2
CH
2 2-C.H30 2 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 30 TABLE 16 X Y Ra Rb V n
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH, 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-Cl 1
CH
2
CH
2 4 -CH 3 Heptyl 2, 6-CH 3 1 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 2-OH, 4-Cl Isopropyl H 1 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2 )2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl 2-OH 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-t-Butyl Isopropyl 2-Acetyl 1 TABLE 17 5 X Y Ra Rb R n
CH
2
CH
2 4-Isopropyl Isopropyl 2-CF 3 1
CH
2
(CH
2
)
3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH 3 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH 3 3
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 0 CH30 (CH2) s 2-CH 3 0 3 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 0 CH30 (CH 2 ) 5 2-CH30 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl 2-F 2 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2-F 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3
(CH
3 ) 2 CH (CH 2 ) 5 2,5-CH 3 1 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl 2,5-CH 3 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2,4-CH 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (CH 3 ) (CH 2 ) 2 4-Acetyl Isopropyl 2-CH 3 2 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 31 (10)
CH
3 O Rb X, CO 2 H Ra NR" R" -. N G 5 In the formula, X, Y, R', Rb, Rd, Re, and G are set forth in Table 18. TABLE 18 x Y Ra Rb Rd/Re G CH2 CH 2 2-OH,4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH2 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl H/H S
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl H/H C(CH 3 )2
CH
2
CH
2 2,4-Cl CH 3 0CH 2
CH
2
CH
3 /H 0
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Heptyl H/H CH2 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H S
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl H/H C(CH 3 )2
CH
2
CH
2 4-t-Butyl Isopropyl C 2
H
5 /H 0
CH
2
(CH
2
)
3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2
CH
3
/CH
3 CH2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 0 CH30(CH2), CH 3
/CH
3 0
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl CH 3
/CH
3 0
N(C
2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3
(CH
3
)
2 CH(CH2) 5
CH
3
/CH
3 0 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl H/H S N(Acetyl) CH 2 2,4-CH 3 Isopropyl CH 3
/CH
3 CH2 10 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 32 (11) Rb 4 3 04 2 RaN X CO 2 H 6 Sno In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, Re, and n are set forth 5 in Tables 19 and 20. TABLE 19 X Y Ra Rb Rc n
CH
2
CH
2 H Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH2 2-OH,4-C1 Hexyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 C (CH 3 ) 2 2,4-Cl Propyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (CH 3 ) 4-CF 3 sec-Butyl 3-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (C 2
H
5 ) 4-CF 3 tert-Butyl 3-CH 3 2
CH
2 CH(Propyl) 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2,6-CH 3 3
CH
2 (CH2)2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 3-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2 ) 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropyl 3,6-CH 3 3 CH2 CH 2 2-OH,4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-Cl 1 NH CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 33 TABLE 20 X Y Ra Rb R n
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2-OH,4-Cl Isopropyl H 3
CH
2
CH
2 4-Isopropyl Isopropyl 2-CF 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH 3 3 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 0 CH30(CH 2
)
5 2-CH 3 0 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2-F 1 N (CH 3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-Acetyl Isopropyl 2-CH 3 2 (12) a0 R b O" H 3 RN X CO 2 H 5 G In the formula, X, Y, R', Rb, Rd, Re, and G are set forth in Table 21. LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 34 TABLE 21 X Y Ra Rb Rd/Re G
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH, 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl H/H S
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 2,4-Cl CH 3 0CH 2
CH
2
CH
3 /H 0
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Heptyl H/H CH 2 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H S
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 4-t-Butyl Isopropyl C 2
H
5 /H 0
CH
2
(CH
2
)
3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2
CH
3
/CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 0 (CH 2 ) 5
CH
3
/CH
3 0 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl CH3/CH 3 0
N(C
2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3
(CH
3 )2CH(CH 2
)
5 CH3/CH 3 0 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl H/H S N(Acetyl) CH 2 2, 4-CH 3 Isopropyl CH 3
/CH
3
CH
2 (13) Rb 2 X C0 2 H Ra <\ / y - 6 5 n o Rc In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, R', and n are set forth in Tables 22 and 23. LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 35 TABLE 22 x Y Ra Rb RC n
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH, 4-Cl Hexyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 C (CH 3 ) 2 2,4-Cl Propyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (CH 3 ) 4-CF 3 sec-Butyl 3-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (C 2
H
5 ) 4-CF 3 tert-Butyl 3-CH 3 2
CH
2 CH(Propyl) 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2, 6-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 3-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropyl 3,5-CH 3 3
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH,4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-Cl 1 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 TABLE 23 X Y Ra Rb RC n
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2-OH,4-Cl Isopropyl H 3
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-Isopropyl Isopropyl 2-CF 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH 3 3 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 0 (CH 2 ) 5 2-CH 3 0 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2-F 1
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-Acetyl Isopropyl 2-CH 3 2 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 36 (14)
CH
3 Rb X% yCO 2 H
R
8 q /k Rd Re S G In the formula, X, Y, R'a, R , Rd, Re, and G are set 5 forth in Table 24. TABLE 24 x y Ra Rb Rd/Re G
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH,4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH2 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF3 Cyclopropylmethyl H/H S
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 2,4-Cl CH30CH 2
CH
2
CH
3 /H 0
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Heptyl H/H CH2 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H S
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 4-t--Butyl Isopropyl C 2
H
5 /H 0
CH
2
(CH
2 ) 3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2
CH
3
/CH
3 CH2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 0 CH30 (CH 2 ) 5 CH3/CH 3 0 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl CH 3
/CH
3 0
N(C
2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3
(CH
3 )2CH(CH2) 5
CH
3
/CH
3 0 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl H/H S N(Acetyl) CH 2 2, 4-CH 3 Isopropyl CH 3
/CH
3 CH2 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 37 (15) RR 3 R< /4 2 S X CO 2 H n o 6 In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, RC, and n are set forth 5 in Tables 25 and 26. TABLE 25 X Y Ra Rb RC n
CH
2 CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH,4-Cl Hexyl 2-CH3 1 CH2 C (CH 3 ) 2 2,4-Cl Propyl 2-CH3 1 CH2 CH (CH3) 4-CF 3 sec-Butyl 3-CH 3 1 CH2 CR (C 2
H
5 ) 4-CF 3 tert-Butyl 3-CH3 2
CH
2 CH(Propyl) 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2,6-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 3-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropyl 3,6-CH 3 3
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH,4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-Cl 1 NH CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (CH 3 ) CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 38 TABLE 26 X Y Ra Rb RC n N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2-OH,4-Cl Isopropyl 3-CH 3 3
CH
2
CH
2 4-Isopropyl Isopropyl 2-CF 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH 3 3 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 0 CH30 (CH 2 ) 5 2-CH 3 0 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2-F 1 N (CH 3 ) (CH 2 ) 2 4-Acetyl Isopropyl 2-CH 3 2 (16) Rb
CH
3
R
a Rd Re - S X' CO 2 H 5 G In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, Rd, Re, gnd G are set forth in Table 27. LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 39 TABLE 27 X Y Ra R Rd/Re G
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH,4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl H/H S
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl H/H C (CH 3 ) 2
CH
2
CH
2 2,4-Cl CH 3 0CH 2
CH
2
CH
3 /H 0
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Heptyl H/H CH 2 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H S
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 4-t-Butyl Isopropyl C 2
H
5 /H 0
CH
2
(CH
2 ) 3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2
CH
3
/CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 0 (CH 2 ) 5 CH3/CH 3 0 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl CH 3
/CH
3 0 N (C2H 5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3
(CH
3 ) 2 CH (CH 2 ) 5
CH
3
/CH
3 0 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl H/H S N(Acetyl) CH 2 2, 4-CH 3 Isopropyl CH 3
/CH
3
CH
2 (17) Rb 3 X, -CO 2 H R%<\ / 3 Ra 6 5 n 5 RC In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, RC, and n are set forth in Tables 28 and 29. LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 40 TABLE 28 X Y Ra Rb Rc n
CH
2
CH
2 H Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH,4-Cl Hexyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 C (CH3) 2 2,4-Cl Propyl 2-CH3 1
CH
2 CH (CH 3 ) 4-CF 3 sec-Butyl 3-CH3 1 CH2 CH (C 2
H
5 ) 4-CF 3 tert-Butyl 3-CH 3 2 CH2 CH(Propyl) 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2,6-CH 3
CH
2 (CH2)2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 3-CH3 3
CH
2 (CH2)2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropyl 3,6-CH3 3 CH2 CH2 2-OH, 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-Cl 1 NH CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 TABLE 29 5 X Y Ra Rb Rc n N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Allyl) CH2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2-OH,4-Cl Isopropyl H 3 CH2 CH2 4-Isopropyl Isopropyl 2-CF 3 1 CH2 CH 2 4-CF 3 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH3 3 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 0(CH 2
)
5 2-CH30 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2-F 1
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-Acetyl Isopropyl 2-CH3 2 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 41 (18)
CH
3 N Rb X. -CO 2 H Ra \Rd ,Re G In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, R, Re, and G are set 5 forth in Table 30. TABLE 30 x y Ra Rb Rd/Re G
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH, 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl H/H S CH2 CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 2,4-Cl CH 3 0CH 2
CH
2
CH
3 /H 0
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Heptyl H/H CH 2 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H S
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl H/H C (CH 3 ) 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-t-Butyl Isopropyl C2H 5 /H 0
CH
2 (CH2)3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2
CH
3 /H CH 2
CH
2 CH2 4-CF 3 0 CH30 (CH2) 5 CH3/H O N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl CH 3 /H 0
N(C
2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3
(CH
3 )2CH(CH2) 5
CH
3
/CH
3 0 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl H/H S N(Acetyl) CH2 2, 4-CH 3 Isopropyl CH 3
/CH
3 CH2 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 42 (19) N Rb 3 2 X CO 2 H 5 n O RC In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, RC, and n are set forth 5 in Tables 31 and 32. TABLE 31 X Y Ra Rb RC n
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH 3 1 CH2 CH 2 2-OH, 4-Cl Hexyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 C (CH3) 2 2,4-Cl Propyl 2-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (CH 3 ) 4-CF 3 sec-Butyl 3-CH 3 1
CH
2 CH (C 2
H
5 ) 4-CF 3 tert-Butyl 3-CH 3 2
CH
2 CH(Propyl) 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2, 6-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 3-CH 3 3
CH
2
(CH
2 ) 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropyl 3, 6-CH 3 3
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH, 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-Cl 1 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 43 TABLE 32 X Y Ra Rb RC n N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl 2-CH3 1
N(C
2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N (Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H 1 N(Acetyl) CH 2 2-OH,4-Cl Isopropyl H 3
CH
2
CH
2 4-Isopropyl Isopropyl 2-CF 3 1
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 Butyl-OCH 2 2-CH 3 3 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 0 (CH 2
)
5 2-CH30 1 N (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Hexyl 2-F 1
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-Acetyl Isopropyl 2-CH 3 2 (20)
CH
3 Rb X, C0 2 H dN Rd y 5G In the formula, X, Y, Ra, Rb, Rd, Re, and G are set forth in Table 33. LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 44 TABLE 33 x Y Ra Rb Rd/Re G
CH
2
CH
2 2-OH,4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 4-CF 3 Cyclopropylmethyl H/H S
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Phenyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 2, 4-Cl CH 3 0CH 2
CH
2
CH
3 /H 0
CH
2
CH
2 4-CH 3 Heptyl H/H CH2 NH CH 2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H S
N(CH
3 ) (CH 2
)
2 4-CF 3 Isopropyl H/H CH 2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CN Isopropyl H/H C(CH 3
)
2
CH
2
CH
2 4-t-Butyl Isopropyl C 2
H
5 /H 0
CH
2
(CH
2 ) 3 4-CF 3 0 Butyl-OCH 2
CH
3
/CH
3 CH2
CH
2
CH
2 4-CF 3 0 CH 3 0 (CH 2 ) 5
CH
3
/CH
3 0
N(CH
3 ) CH 2 4-t-Butyl Cyclohexyl CH3/CH 3 0 N (C 2
H
5 ) CH 2 4-CF 3
(CH
3 )2CH (CH 2
)
5
CH
3
/CH
3 0 N(Allyl) CH 2 4-CF 3 4-CF 3 -Benzyl H/H S N (Acetyl) CH 2 2, 4-CH 3 Isopropyl CH 3
/CH
3 CH2 (21) R1 Nr:N \N NH I N A n G R2 1 2 In the formula, A, R1, R2, m, n, and G are set forth in Tables 34 and 35. LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 45 TABLE 34 A R R2 m n G Pr S 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 2 1 0 Pr S 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 2 1 0 Pr 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 3 1 CH2 Pr N o 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 2 1 0 Pr N 2-OH, 4-Cl 3-CH 3 2 1 0 Pr N ,N 4-CF 3 3-CH 3 2 2 0 Pr N-N 4-CF 3 2, 6-CH 3 2 3 0 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 46 TABLE 35 A R R 2 m n G cyclopropyl S 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 3 1 0 Pr S 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 2 1 0 t-butyl S 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 2 1 CH 2 sec-butyl N 2-OH, 4-Cl 3-CH 3 3 1 0 isopropyl N 4-CH 3 3-CH 3 1 1 0 2-methoxyethyl
N
..N 4-CF 3 3-CH 3 2 2 0 ,isopropyl N- N 4-CF 3 2, 6-CH 3 2 3 0 (22) R1 1 ~ 'C0 2 H 5 .-(CH=CH) CO2 5 G In the formula, A, R 1 , R2, n, and G are set forth in Tables 36 and 37. LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 226011 - 47 TABLE 36 A R R 2 n G sopropyl N S 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 1 0 isopropyl S 4 -CF 3 2-CH 3 1 0 o 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 2 CH 2 isopropyl N o 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 2 0 sopropyl N 2-OH,4-Cl 3-CH3 2 0 isopropyl N 4-CF 3 3-CH 3 2 0 / isopropyl N-N 4-CF 3 2,6-CH 3 2 0 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 48 TABLE 37 A R R2 n G cydopropyl S 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 3 0 Pr S 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 2 0 t-butyl S 4-CF 3 2-CH 3 2 CH2 se-butyl N 0 2-OH, 4-Cl 3-CH3 3 0 isopropyl N 4-CH 3 3-CH 3 1 0 2-methoxyethyl N N X 4-CF 3 3-CH 3 2 0 / isopropenyl N-N I 4-CF 3 2, 6-CH 3 2 0 The pharmacological effects of the invention are de 5 scribed below. The PPAR activating effect of the compound of the invention was determined by the following method: A receptor expression plasmid (pSG5-GAL4-hPPARa or 7 or 8 (LBD)), a luciferase expression plasmid (MHlOOx4-TK 10 Luc), and a P-galactosidase expression plasmid (pCMX-$ GAL) are transfected into CV-1 cells (ATCC) (Kliewer, S.A. et al., (1992) Nature, 358: 771-774). After the gene transfer is conducted by utilizing a lipofection reagent LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 49 (Lipofectamine 2000, Invitrogen), it is incubated for about 40 hours in the presence of a compound to be tested. The luciferase activity and P-GAL activity are measured on the soluble cells. 5 The luciferase activity is calibrated by the $-GAL activity. A relative ligand activity is calculated under the condition that the luciferase activity of the cells treated by GW-590735 for PPARa, Rosiglitazone for PPARy, or GW-501516 for PPARS is set to 100% to determine EC 5 o 10 (see the below-mentioned Examples 14 and 15). In contrast to the description of Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13 (2003) 1517-1521 that the activating function of phenylpropionic acid type for PPARS is weak, the com pounds of the invention show an excellent activating ef 15 fect for transcription of PPARS, as is shown in Tables 38 and 39. As is described above, the compounds represented by the formula (I), (II), and (III) are strong PPARS ago nists. A medicament of the PPAR8 agonist of the present in 20 vention is effective for treatment or prophylaxis of dis eases mediated by PPARS. The diseases include hyperlipi demia, dyslipidemia, hyperchlolesterolemia, hypertriglyc eridemia, HDL hypocholesterolemia, LDL hypercholes terolemia and/or HLD non-cholesterolemia, VLDL hyperpro 25 teinemia, dyslipoproteinemia, apolipoprotein A-I hypopro teinemia, atherosclerosis, disease of arterial sclerosis, disease of cardiovascular systems, cerebrovascular dis ease, peripheral circulatory disease, metabolic syndrome, syndrome X, obesity including internal-organs fat type, 30 diabetes, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinism, diabetic complica tion, cardiac insufficiency, cardiac infarction, cardio myopathy, hypertension, fatty liver, non-alcoholic fatty hepatitis, thrombus, Alzheimer disease, neurodegenerative LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 50 disease, demyelinating disease, multiple sclerosis, adre nal leukodystrophy, dermatitis, psoriasis, acne, skin ag ing, trichosis, inflammation, arthritis, asthma, hyper sensitive intestine syndrome, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's 5 disease, pancreatitis, or cancer including colon cancer, large intestine cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the breast, carcinoma of the prostate, ovary cancer, and lung cancer. The compound of the invention can be administered to 10 human beings by ordinary administration methods such as oral administration or parenteral administration. The compound can be granulated in ordinary manners for the preparation of pharmaceuticals. For instance, the compound can be processed to give pellets, granule, pow 15 der, capsule, suspension, injection, suppository, and the like. For the preparation of these pharmaceuticals, ordi nary additives such as vehicles, disintegrators, binders, lubricants, dyes, and diluents can be used. As the vehi 20 cles, lactose, D-mannitol, crystalline cellulose and glu cose can be mentioned. Further, there can be mentioned starch and carboxymethylcellulose calcium (CMC-Ca) as the disintegrators, magnesium stearate and talc as the lubri cants, and hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), gelatin and 25 polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the binders. The compound of the invention can be administered to an adult generally in an amount of 0.1 mg to 100 mg a day by parenteral administration and 1 mg to 2,000 mg a day by oral administration. The dosage can be adjusted in 30 consideration of age and conditions of the patient. The invention is further described by the following non-limiting examples. LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 51 Examples Example 1 3-[4-[3-[4-Hexyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)thiazol-5 yl]propionyl]-2-methylphenyl]propionic acid 5 (1) 4-Hexyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)thiazole-5-carboaldehyde [4-Hexyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)thiazol-5-yl]methanol (500 mg, 1.727 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous methylene chloride (6 mL). Molecular sieve (3A powder, 890 mg) and 10 pyridinium chlorochromate (745 mg, 3.455 mmol) were added to the solution. The mixture was stirred at room tempera ture for 30 minutes. Diethyl ether (20 mL) and Silica gel (Wako-gel, C-300HG, 2 g) were added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was further stirred at room temperature 15 for 10 minutes. The reaction mixture was filtrated through glass filter. The residue was washed with diethyl ether. The solvent was removed from the obtained filtrate under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography with hexane/ethyl 20 acetate (8:1, v/v) to give the desired compound (346 mg) as white crystalline product (yield 70%). IH NMR (CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 0.89(3H,t,J=7Hz), 1.3-1.4(6H,m), 25 1.8-1.9(2H,m), 2.41(3H,s), 3.09(2H,t,J=7Hz), 7.27(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.90 (2H,d,J=8Hz), 30 10.08(1H,s). (2) Methyl 3-(4-acetyl-2-methylphenyl)-2-bromopropionate 1-(4-Amino-3-methylphenyl)ethanone (1.70 g, 11.39 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (15 mL)-acetone (38 mL). LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 52 The solution was cooled to 00C. 48% Hydrobromic acid (5.15 mL, 45.56 mmol) was dropwise added to the solution for 1 minute. A solution of sodium nitrite (943 mg, 13.67 mmol) in water (1.8 mL) was further added to the solu 5 tion. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. The mixture was left to room temperature. Methyl acrylate (7.23 mL, 80.30 mmol) and copper(I) oxide (117 mg) were added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred at 400C for 30 minutes. The solvent was re 10 moved under reduced pressure. Ice-cold water (150 mL) was added to the residue. The mixture was neutralized with ammonia water, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The or ganic layer was washed with saturated brine, and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed 15 under reduced pressure to give the desired compound (2.79 g) as brown oil (yield 82%). 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 2.41(3H,s), 2.58(3H,s), 20 3.33(lH,dd,J=7,15Hz), 3.52(1H,dd,J=7,15Hz), 3.74(3H,s), 4.43(1H,t,J=7Hz), 7.2-7.9(3H,m) 25 (3) 3-(4-Acetyl-2-methylphenyl)acrylic acid The obtained methyl 3-(4-acetyl-2-methylphenyl)-2 bromopropionate (2.79g, 9.33 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (80 mL) . The solution was cooled to 5*C. Sodium 30 methoxide (1.51 g, 27.98 mmol) was added to the solution. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 min utes, refluxed for 1 hour, cooled to room temperature, and acidized with 1N hydrochloric acid. Water (50 mL) was added to the mixture. The mixture was extracted with LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 53 chloroform. The organic layer was dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give 657 mg of the desired compound as yellow crystalline product (yield 34%). 5 ljH NMR(CD 3 0D,400MHz):5= 2.49(3H,s), 2.59(3H,s), 6.49(lH,d,J=16Hz), 7.73 (1H,d,J=8Hz), 10 7.8-7.9(3H,m), 7.97 (lH,d,J=16Hz) (4) Methyl 3-(4-acetyl-2-methylphenyl)acrylate The obtained 3-(4-acetyl-2-methylphenyl)acrylic acid 15 (657 mg, 3.22 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (20 mL). Concentrated sulfuric acid (250 ptL) was added to the so lution. The mixture was refluxed for 2 hours, and cooled to room temperature. Water (50 mL) was added to the solu tion. Methanol was removed under reduced pressure. The 20 solution was extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and satu rated brine. The organic layer was dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel 25 column chromatography with hexane/ethyl acetate (9:1, v/v) to give the desired compound (665 mg) as yellow crystalline product (yield 95%). IH NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 2.49(3H,s), 30 2.60(3H,s), 3.83(3H,s), 6.43 (lH,d, J=16Hz) 7.62 (lH,d, J=9Hz) 7.7-7.8 (2H,m), LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 54 7.96(1H,d,J=l6Hz) (5) Methyl 3-[4-[3-[4-hexyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)thiazol-5 yljpropenoyl]-2-methylphenyl]acrylate 5 The obtained methyl 3-(4-acetyl-2 methylphenyl)acrylate (200 mg, 0.916 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (1 mL) under nitrogen atmos phere. Molecular sieve (3A powder, 200 mg) was added to the solution. 0.5 M solution of sodium methoxide in 10 methanol (1.83 mL, 0.916 mmol) was added to the solution cooled with ice while stirring. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 10 minutes. A solution (1 mL) of 4-hexyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)thiazole-5-carboaldehyde ob tained at (1) of Example 1 (132 mg, 0.458 mmol) in anhy 15 drous tetrahydrofuran was slowly added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred while cooling with ice for 3 hours. The organic layer was dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was recrystallized with hexane and 20 ethyl acetate to give the desired compound (185 mg) as yellow crystalline product (yield 83%). 1H NMR(CDC13,400MHz):5= 0.89(3H,t,J=7Hz) 1.3-1.5(6H,m), 25 1.7-1.8(2H,m), 2.41(3H,s), 2.53(3H,s), 2.93 (2H, t,J=7Hz), 3.84(3H,s), 30 6.46(1H,d,J=16Hz), 7.20(1H,d,J=1 6Hz) 7.8-7.9 (2H,m), 7.66(1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.8-7.9(4H,m), LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 55 7.99(lH,d,J=16Hz), 8. 02 (1H, d, J=16Hz). (6) Methyl 3-[4-[3-[4-hexyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)thiazol-5 5 yl]propionyl]-2-methylphenylipropionate The obtained methyl 3-[4-[3-[4-hexyl-2-(4 methylphenyl)thiazol-5-yl]propenoyl]-2 methylphenyllacrylate (112 mg, 0.230 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (1 mL) and tetrahydrofuran (1 mL). 10% palla 10 dium carbon (22 mg) was added to the solution to cause replacement of hydrogen in the system. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was filtrated with Celite. The filtrate was con centrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue 15 was purified by silica gel column chromatography with hexane/ethyl acetate (5:1, v/v) to give the desired com pound (46 mg) as colorless oil (yield 41%). 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 0.88 (3H, t, J=7Hz), 20 1.2-1.4(6H,m), 1.6-1.8 (2H,m), 2.37(3H,s), 2.38(3H,s), 2.61 (2H,t,J=8Hz), 25 2.72(2H,t,J=8Hz), 2.99(2H,t,J=8Hz), 3.2-3.3(4H,m), 3.68(3H,s), 7.19(2H,d,J=8Hz), 30 7.23(1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.7-7.8(4H,m). (7) 3-[4-[3-[4-Hexyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)thiazol-5 yl]propionyl]-2-methylphenyl]propionic acid LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 56 The obtained methyl 3-[4-[3-[4-hexyl-2-(4 methylphenyl)thiazol-5-yl]propionyl]-2 methylphenyl]propionate (45 mg, 0.0915 mmol) was sus pended in ethanol (2 mL) and water (1 mL) . Lithium hy 5 droxide monohydrate (12 mg, 0.275 mmol) was added to the suspension. The mixture was refluxed for 1 hour. 1N hy drochloric acid (5 mL) and ice-cooled water (2 mL) were added to the mixture. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, 10 and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was recrystallized with hexane and ethyl acetate to give the desired compound (38 mg) as while crystalline product (yield 87%). 15 FAB-MS(m/e):478(M+1) 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):6= 0.88 (3H,t,J=7Hz), 1.3-1.4(6H,m), 1.6-1.8 (2H,m), 20 2.37(3H,s), 2.38(3H,s), 2.6-2.8 (4H,m), 3.00(2H,t,J=8Hz), 3.1-3.3(4H,m), 25 7.19(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.24(lH,s), 7.7-7.8 (4H,m) Example 2 30 3-[4-[3-[3-Isopropyl-5-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophen-2-yl]propionyl]-2 methylphenyl]propionic acid LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 57 (1) 3-Isopropyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophene 2-carboaldehyde The subject compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (1) of Example 1 from [3-Isopropyl-5-[4 5 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophen-2-yl]methanol. Pale yellow crystalline product Yield 57% 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.39(6H,d,J=7Hz), 10 3.6-3.8 (1H,m), 7.37(lH,s), 7.68 (2H, d, J=8Hz), 7.77 (2H, d, J=8Hz), 10. 11 (1H, s). 15 (2) Methyl 3-[4-[3-[3-isopropyl-5-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyllthiophene-2-yl]propenoyl]-2 methylphenyl]acrylate The subject compound was obtained in an analogous 20 manner to (5) of Example 1. Yellow crystalline product Yield 67% 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.32(6H,d,J=7Hz), 25 2.54(3H,s), 3.3-3.5(1H,m), 3.84(3H,s), 6.46(1H,d,J=16Hz), 7.3-7.4(lH,m), 30 7.6-7.9(8H,m), 8.00(lH,d,J=l5Hz), 8.11(1H,d,J=15Hz). LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 58 (3) Methyl 3-[4-[3-[3-isopropyl-5-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophene-2-yl]propionyl]-2 methylphenyl]propionate The subject compound was obtained in an analogous 5 manner to (6) of Example 1. Pale yellow crystalline product Yield 58% 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.26(6H,d,J=7Hz), 10 2.38(3H,s), 2.61 (2Ht,J=8Hz), 2.99(2H,t,J=8Hz), 3. 0-3. 1(1H,m), 3.2-3.4(4H,m), 15 3.68(3H,s), 7.20(lH,s), 7.23(1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.58 (2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.64(2H,d,J=8Hz), 20 7.7-7.8(2H,m). (4) 3-[4-[3-[3-Isopropyl-5-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophene-2-yl]propionyl)-2 methylphenyl]propionic acid 25 The subject compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (7) of Example 1. White crystalline product Yield 79% FAB-MS(m/e):488(M) 30 1H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):6= 1.25 (6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.38 (3H,s), 2.67 (2H, t, J=8Hz), 3.01(2H,t,J=8Hz), LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 59 3. 0-3. 1(1H,m) 3.2-3.4 (4H,m) 7.20(1H,s), 7.24(1H,s), 5 7.58 (2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.64(2H, d, J=8Hz), 7.7-7.8 (1H,m), 7.77(lH,s). 10 Example 3 3-[4-[3-(5-Isopropyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolyl)propionyl) 2-methylphenyl]propionic acid (1) 5-Isopropyl-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)oxazole-4 15 carboaldehyde The subject compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (1) of Example 1 from 5-isopropyl-2-(2,4 dichlorophenyl)oxazole-4-methanol. Pale yellow crystalline product 20 1H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.39(6H,d,J=7Hz), 3.72(lH,dq,J=7,7Hz), 7.37(1H,dd,J=2,8Hz), 7.55(1H, d, J=2Hz), 25 7.99(lH,d,J=8Hz), 10.06(1H,s). (2) Methyl 3-[4-[3-[5-isopropyl-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl) 4-oxazolyl]propenoyl]-2-methylphenyl]acrylate 30 The subject compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (5) of Example 1 from the obtained 5-isopropyl 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)oxazole-4-carboaldehyde and methyl 3-(4-acetyl-2-methylphenyl)acrylate. Pale yellow crystalline product LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 60 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.39(6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.52(3H,s), 3.39(1H,dq,J=7,7Hz), 5 3.83(3H,s), 6.46(1H,d,J=16Hz), 7.38 (lH, dd,J=2,8Hz), 7. 55 (1H, d, J=2Hz), 7.66(lH,d,J=8Hz), 10 7.75(1H,d,J=15Hz), 7.80(1H,d,J=15Hz), 7.9-8.0(2H,m), 7.99(1H,d,J=16Hz), 8.01(1H,cd,J=8Hz) 15 (3) Methyl 3-[4-[3-(5-isopropyl-2-phenyl-4 oxazolyl)propionyl]-2-methylphenyl]propionate The subject compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (6) of Example 1 from the methyl 3-[4-[3-[5 20 isopropyl-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-oxazolyl]propenoyl]-2 methylphenyl]acrylate. Colorless oil H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.30(6H,d,J=7Hz) 25 2.35(3H,s), 2.59(2H,t,J=7Hz), 2. 9-3. 1(4H,m), 3.17(1H,dq,J=7,7Hz), 3.36 (2H, t, J=7Hz), 30 3.67(3H,s), 7.20(1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.3-7.5(3H,m), 7.7-7.9 (2H,m), 7.9-8.1(2H, m) LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 61 (4) 3-[4-[3-(5-Isopropyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolyl)propionyl] 2-methylphenyl]propionic acid The subject compound was obtained in an analogous 5 manner to (7) of Example 1 from the methyl 3-[4-[3-(5 isopropyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolyl)propionyl]-2 methylphenyl]propionate. Colorless oil FAB-MS(m/e):406(M+1) 10 1H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.30(6H,d,J=7Hz) 2.35(3H,s), 2.63 (2H,t,J=7Hz), 2.9-3.1(4H,m), 15 3.17(lH,dq,J=7,7Hz), 3.34(2H,t,J=7Hz), 7.21(1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.3-7.5 (3H,m), 7.7-7.9(2H,m), 20 7.9-8.1(2H,m). Example 4 3-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiazol-5-yl-]propenoyl]-2 25 methylphenyl]acrylic acid The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (5) of Example 1 from methyl 3-(4-acetyl-2 methylphenyl)acrylate and [4-isopropyl-2-[4 30 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]carboaldehyde. Yellow crystalline product FAB-MS(m/e):486(M+l) 1H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.40(6H,d,J=7Hz), LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 62 2.56(3H,s), 3.4-3.5(lH,m), 6.49(lH,d,J=16Hz), 7.28 (1H,d,J=16Hz), 5 7.7-7.8(3H,m), 7.8-7.9(2H,m), 8.0-8.2(4H,m). Example 5 10 3-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]propionyl]-2 methylphenyl]propionic acid The desired compound was obtained in an analogous 15 manner as in (6) of Example 1 using the 3-[4-[3-[4 Isopropyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl ]propenoyl]-2-methylphenylacrylic acid prepared in Exam ple 4. White crystalline product 20 FAB-MS (m/e) :490 (M+1) 1H NMR(CDC13,400MHz):5= 1.33(6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.38 (3H,s), 2.66(2H,t,J=8Hz), 25 3.00(2H,t,J=8Hz), 3.1-3.2(lH,m), 3.2-3.3 (4H,,m), 7.25(lH,d,J=7Hz), 7.64(2H,d,J=8Hz), 30 7.7-7.8(2H,m), 8.00(2H,d,J=8Hz). Example 6 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 63 3-[4-[1-[2-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]ethyl]vinyl]-2 methylphenyl]propionic acid 5 (1) Methyl 3-[4-[1-[2-[4-isopropyi-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]ethyl]vinyl)-2 methylphenyl]propionate Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (89 mg, 0.250 mmol) was suspended in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (3.5 mL) 10 under nitrogen atmosphere. The suspension was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. A solution (1.5 mL) of methyl 3-[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]propionyl]2 methylphenyl]propionate (84 mg, 0.167 mmol) in anhydrous 15 tetrahydrofuran was dropwise added to the suspension. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 19 hours. A saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution was drop wise added to the mixture. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with satu 20 rated brine, and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography with hexane/ethyl acetate (8:1, v/v) to give the desired compound (70 mg) as pale yellow oil 25 (yield 84%). 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.28 (6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.34(3H,s), 2.5-2.7(2H,m), 30 2.8-2.9(2H,m), 2.9-3.1(5H,m), 3.69(3H,s), 5.06(lH,s), 5.31(lH,s), LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 64 7.13(1H,d,J=9Hz) 7.1-7.3 (2H,m), 7.64 (2H, d, J=8Hz), 8.01 (2H,d, J=8Hz) 5 (2) 3-[4-[1-[2-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]ethyl]vinyl]-2 methylphenyl]propionic acid The desired compound was obtained in an analogous 10 manner as in (7) of Example 1. White crystalline product FAB-MS(m/e):488(M+l) H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.28 (6H,d,J=7Hz), 15 2.35(3H,s), 2.66 (2H, dd, J=7, 8Hz) 2.82(2H,dd,J=7,8Hz), 2.9-3.0(5H,m), 5.07(lH,s), 20 5.32(lH,s), 7.1-7.3 (3H,m), 7.64 (2H, d, J=8Hz), 8.00(2H,d,J=8Hz). 25 Example 7 N-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]propionyl]phenyl]-N methylglycine 30 (1) 3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol 5-yl]-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propenone 4-Isopropyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazole-5 carboaldehyde (4.53 g, 15.14 mmol) and 4 nitroacetophenone (2.50 g, 15.14 mmol) were dissolved in LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 65 a mixture of anhydrous methanol (30 mL) and anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (30 mL) . Sodium methoxide (258 mg, 3.79 mmol) was added to the solution. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour under nitrogen 5 atmosphere. The solvent was removed under reduced pres sure. The mixture was suspended in chloroform. Insolu ble matters were filtered, washed with water, a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, and saturated brine. The solvent was again removed under reduced pressure. The 10 residue was recrystallized with n-hexane and ethyl ace tate (1:1) to give the desired compound (4.08 g) as yel low crystalline produce (yield 60%). 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.40(6H,d,J=7Hz), 15 3.4-3.5(lH,m), 7.24 (1H,d,J=12Hz), 7.73 (2H,d, J=8Hz), 8.14(5H,m), 8.37 (2H,,d, J=8Hz). 20 (2) 1-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]-propan-l-one The obtained 3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]-l-(4 25 nitrophenyl)propenone (4.08 g, 9.14 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (120 mL) and methanol (100 mL). 10% suspension (20 mL) of palladium carbon (400 mg) was added to the solution. The mixture was stirred at 600C for 2 hours under atmosphere of hydrogen. The mixture was 30 cooled to room temperature. Insoluble matters were fil tered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatog raphy with hexane/ethyl acetate (7:3, v/v) to give the LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 66 desired compound (2.31 g) as yellow crystalline product (yield 60%). 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.33(6H,d,J=7Hz), 5 3.1-3.3(5H,m), 4.12(2H,br s), 6.65(2H,td,J=2,8Hz), 7.63 (2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.82 (2H,td, J=2,8Hz) 10 8.00(2H,d,J=8Hz). (3) N-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]propionyl]phenyl]-2 nitrobenzenesulfonamide 15 The obtained 1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]-propan-l-one (250 mg, 0.597 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous pyridine (5 mL). 0-nitrophenylsulfonyl chloride (146 mg, 0.659 mmol) was added to the solution. The mixture was stirred at 20 room temperature for 1 hour. The outer temperature was heated to 80*C, and the mixture was further stirred for 16 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature. Water was added to the mixture. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with a 25 saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and satu rated brine, and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate to remove the solvent. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography with hexane/ethyl ace tate (8:2, v/v) to give the desired compound (265 mg) as 30 yellow crystalline product (yield 74%). 1H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.32 (6H,d,J=7Hz), 3.0-3.2(lH,m), 3.2-3.3(4H,m), LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 67 7.32 (2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.45(lH,s), 7.6-7.7(4H,m), 7.87(1H,d,J=8Hz), 5 7.90(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.94 (lH,dd, J=l, 8Hz), 7.99(2H,d,J=8Hz). (4) N-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 10 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-ylpropionyl]phenyl]-N methyl-2-nitrobenzenesulfonamide The obtained N-[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyllthiazol-5-yljpropionyl]phenyl]-2 nitrobenzenesulfonamide (265 mg, 0.439 mmol) was dis 15 solved in anhydrous dimethylformamide (10 mL). Io domethane (30 pL, 0.483 mmol) and potassium carbonate (121 mg, 0.875 mmol) were added to the solution. The mix ture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The mixture was neutralized with 0.2 N aqueous solution of 20 hydrochloric acid, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and saturated brine, and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate to remove the solvent. The ob tained residue was purified by silica gel column chro 25 matography with hexane/ethyl acetate (7:3, v/v) to give the desired compound (230 mg) as yellow oil (yield 85%). 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz) :5= 1.34(6H,d,J=7Hz), 3.1-3.2 (1H,m), 30 3.2-3.4(4H,m), 3.41(3H,s), 7.38 (2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.5-7.8(6H,m), 7.94 (2H, d,J=8Hz), LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 68 8.00 (2H,d, J=8Hz) (5) 3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyllthiazol 5-yl]-1-(4-methylaminophenyl)propan-l-one 5 The obtained N-[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yllpropionyl]phenyl]-N methyl-2-nitrobenzenesulfonamide (230 mg, 0.372 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous dimethylformamide (5 mL) . PQtas sium carbonate (154 mg, 1.116 mmol) and thiophenol (46 pL, 10 0.446 mmol) were added to the solution. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was diluted with water, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, and saturated brine, and 15 dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was re moved under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography with hex ane/ethyl acetate (8:2, v/v) to give the desired compound (154 mg) as yellow crystalline product (yield 95%). 20 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1. 33 (6H, d, J=7Hz), 2.90(3H,d,J=5Hz), 3.1-3.3(5H,m), 4.26(lH,br s), 25 6.56(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.63(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.85 (2H,d, J=8Hz), 8. 00 (2H, d, J=8Hz) 30 (6) Ethyl ester of N-[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyllthiazol-5-yl]propionyl]phenyl]-N methylglycine The obtained 3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]-1-(4 LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 69 methylaminophenyl)propan-l-one (40 mg, 0.0931 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (80 pL, 0.462 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous dimethylformamide (2 mL). Ethyl bromoacetate (66 mg, 0.393 mmol) was added to the solution. The mix 5 ture was stirred at 1100C for 16 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with water, and ex tracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate to remove the solvent. The obtained residue was 10 purified by silica gel column chromatography with hex ane/chloroform (7:3, v/v) to give the desired compound (56 mg) as yellow crystalline product (yield 47%). 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):6= l.25(3H,t,J=7Hz), 15 1.33(6H,d,J=7Hz), 3.14(3H,s), 3.1-3.2(lH,m), 3.2-3.3(4H,m), 4.12(2H,s), 20 4.19(2H,q,J=7Hz), 6.65 (2H, d,J=8Hz), 7.63 (2H,d, J=8Hz), 7.88 (2H, d, J=8Hz), 8.00 (2H,d, J=8Hz) 25 (7) N-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl]propionyliphenyll-N methylglycine The obtained ethyl ester of N-[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2 30 [4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5 yljpropionyl]phenyll-N-methylglycine (54 mg, 0.104 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (1 mL) and THF (1 mL). 1N sodium hydroxide (208 pL, 0.208 mmol) was added to the solution. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 min LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 70 utes, diluted with water (2 mL), neutralized with 1N aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, and stirred at 50C for 30 minutes. The precipitate was filtered, washed with water, and dried at 60 0 C for 2 hours under reduced pres 5 sure to give the desired compound (40 mg) as yellow crys talline product (yield 78%). FAB-MS(m/e):491(M+l) H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.32(6H,d,J=7Hz), 10 3.1-3.2(4H,m), 3. 2-3.3 (4H,m), 4.17(2H,s), 6.66 (2H, d, J=8Hz), 7.63 (2H, d, J=8Hz), 15 7.89(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.99(2H,d,J=8Hz) Example 8 N-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 20 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5 yl]propionyl]phenyl] glycine (1) Ethyl ester of N-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5 25 yl]propionyl]phenyl]glycine The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (6) of Example 7 from 1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-[4 isopropyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5-yl] propan-1-one. 30 Pale yellow amorphous Yield 83% H NMR(CDClj,400MHz):5= 1.31(3H,t,J=7Hz), 1.33(6H,d,J=7Hz), LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 71 3.1-3.3(5H,m), 3.95 (2H, d, J=5Hz), 4.27 (2H,q, J=7Hz), 4.82(lH,m), 5 6.58 (2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.63(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.8 6(2H,d,J=8Hz), 8.00(2H,d,J=8Hz). 10 (2) N-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5 yl]propionyl]phenyl]glycine The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (7) of Example 7 from ethyl ester of N-[4-[3 15 [4-Isopropyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazol-5 yl]propionyl]phenyl]glycine. Yellow crystalline product Yield 75% 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 20 1.33(6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.17(1H,s), 3. 1-3.3 (5H,m), 4.06(2H,s), 6.60 (2H,,d, J=8Hz), 25 7.63(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.87(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.99(2H,d,J=8Hz). Example 9 30 N-[4-[3-[3-Isopropyl-5-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophen-2-yl]propionyl]phenyl] N-methylglycine (1) Ethyl ester of N-(4-acetophenyl)-N-methylglycine LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 72 4-Methylaminoacetophenone (277 mg, 1.86 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (485 pL, 2.79 mmol) were dissolvec in anhydrous DMF (10 mL). Ethyl bromoacetate (372 mg, 2.23 mmol) was added to the solution. The mixture was 5 stirred at 110'C for 16 hours under nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was cooled to room temperature. Diisopro pylethylamine (162 pL, 0.93 mmol) and ethyl bromoacetate (155 mg, 0.93 mmol) were added to the mixture. The re sulting mixture was stirred at 110*C for 16 hours. The 10 mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water, saturated brine, and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was re moved under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography with hex 15 ane/chloroform (1:1, v/v) to give the desired compound (274 mg) as brown oil (yield 63%). 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.26(3H,t,J=7Hz), 2.51(3H,s), 20 3.14(3H,s), 4.12(2H,s), 4.20(2H,q,J=7Hz), 6.65 (2H,d, J=8Hz), 7.87 (2H,d,J=8Hz) 25 (2) Ethyl ester of N-[4-[3-[3-isopropyl-5-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophen-2-yl propenoyljphenyl] N-methylglycine The obtained ethyl ester of N-(4-acetophenyl)-N 30 methylglycine (92 mg, 0.389 mmol) was dissolved in anhy drous THF (2 mL). Molecular sieve (3A powder, 200 mg) was added to the solution. The mixture was cooled to 5'C. 21 Wt.% ethanol solution of sodium ethoxide (145 pL, 0.389 mmol) was dropwise added to the mixture under nitrogen LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 73 atmosphere. The resulting mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 10 minutes. A solution (10 mL) of 3 isopropyl-5-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)thiophene-2 carboaldehyde (116 mg, 0.389 mmol) in anhydrous THF was 5 added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. The mixture was neutralized with 1N aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, and diluted with chloroform. The insoluble matters were filtered, washed with 0.2 N aqueous solution of hydro 10 chloric acid and saturated brine, and dried with anhy drous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under re duced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography with hexane/ethyl acetate (9:1, v/v) to give the desired compound (100 mg) as crude. 15 (3) Ethyl ester of N-[4-[3-[3-isopropyl-5-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyllthiophen-2-yl]propionyl]phenyl] N-methylglycine The obtained crude of ethyl ester of N-[4-[3-[3 20 isopropyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophen-2 yljpropenoyl]phenyl]-N-methylglycine (100 mg) was dis solved in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) and methanol (4 mL). Methanol suspension (1 mL) of 10% palladium active carbon (10 mg) was added to the solution. The mix 25 ture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours under hydrogen atmosphere. Insoluble matters were filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resi due was purified by silica gel column chromatography with hexane/ethyl acetate (9:1, v/v) to give the desired com 30 pound (37 mg) as colorless oil (yield through two steps 18%). 1H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.2-1.3 (9H,m), 3.0-3.1(1H,m), LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 74 3.14(3H,s), 3.2-3.3(4H,m), 4.12(2H,s), 4.19 (2H, q, J=7Hz), 5 6.65(2H,d,.J=9Hz), 7.20(1H,s), 7.57 (2H,d, J=8Hz), 7.64(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7. 90 (2H, d, J=9Hz) 10 (4) N-[4-[3-[3-Isopropyl-5-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophene-2-yl]propionyl]phenyl] N-methylglycine The obtained ethyl ester of N-[4-[3-[3-isopropyl-5 15 [4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophen-2 yl]propionyl]phenyl]-N-methylglycine (37 mg, 0.071 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (0.5 mL) and THF (0.5 mL). IN Sodium hydroxide (143 pIL, 0.143 mmol) was added to the solution. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 30 minutes, neutralized with iN aqueous solution of hy drochloric acid, and stirred at 5'C for 20 minutes. Pre cipitated crystalline was filtered, washed with water and cooled ethanol, and dried at 50*C for 1 hour under re duced pressure to give the desired compound (26 mg) as 25 white crystalline product (yield 75%). FAB-MS(m/e):490(M+l) 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.25(6H, d, J=7Hz), 3. 0-3. l(1H,m), 30 3.14(3H,s), 3.1-3.3(4H,m), 4.18 (2H,s), 6.67 (2H,d, J=8Hz), 7.19(lH,s), LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 75 7.57 (2H,d,J=8Hz) 7.63(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.91(2H,d,J=8Hz) 5 Example 10 N-[4-[3-[2-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyl-4 oxazolyl]propionyl]phenyl]-N-methylglycine (1) Ethyl ester of N-[4-[3-[2-(4-chloro-2 10 hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyllphenyl] N-methylglycine The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (2) of Example 9 from 2-(4-chloro-2 hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyloxazole-4-carboaldehyde and 15 ethyl ester of N-(4-acetophenyl)-N-methylglycine. Yellowish brown crystalline product Yield 49% 1H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz) :5= 1.27 (3H,t,J=7Hz), 20 1.39(6H,d,J=7Hz), 3.18 (3H,s), 3.3-3.5(lH,m), 4.16(2H,s), 4.22 (2H,q, J=7Hz) 25 6.71(2H,d,J=9Hz), 6.97(lH,dd,J=2Hz,8Hz), 7.13(1H,d,J=2Hz), 7.66(lH,d,J=lSHz), 7.71(lH,d,J=l5Hz), 30 7.76(lH,d,J=8Hz), 8.03 (2H, d, J=9Hz), 11.38(lH,s). LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 76 (2) Ethyl ester of N-[4-[3-[2-(4-chloro-2 hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]phenyl] N-methylglycine The desired compound was obtained in an analogous 5 manner to (3) of Example 9 from the obtained ethyl ester of N-[4-[3-[2-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyl-4 oxazolyl]propionyllphenyl]-N-methylglycine. Slightly yellow crystalline product Yield 53% 10 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1.25(3H,t,J=7Hz), 1.31(6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.93(2H,t,J=7Hz), 3.13(3H,s), 15 3.1-3.3(lH,m), 3.25 (2H, t, J=7Hz), 4.11(2H,s), 4.19(2H,q,J=7Hz), 6.64 (2H,d,J=9Hz), 20 6.90(1H,dd,J=lHz,8Hz), 7.05(1H,d,J=lHz), 7.68 (lH,d,J=8Hz), 7.88 (2H,d,J=9Hz), 11.53 (1H,s) 25 (3) N-[4-[3-[2-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyl-4 oxazolyl]propionyl]phenyl]-N-methylglycine The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (4) of Example 9 from the obtained ethyl ester 30 of N-[4-[3-[2-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyl-4 oxazolyl]propionyl]phenyl]-N-methylglycine. Pale yellow crystalline product Yield 85% Melting point 166-168*C LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 77 FAB-MS (m/e) :457 (M+1) H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz) :6= 1.31 (6H, d, J=7Hz), 2.93 (2H,t,J=7Hz), 5 3.14(3H,s), 3.1-3.3(lH,m), 3.26 (2H, t, J=7Hz), 4.18 (2H,s), 6.66(2H,d,J=9Hz) 10 6.90(lH,ddJ=2Hz,9Hz), 7.04(lH,d,J=2Hz), 7.68 (1H, d, J=9Hz) 7.8 9(2H,d,J=9Hz) 15 Example 11 3-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] 5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-ethylphenyl]propionic acid (1) Methyl 3-[2-ethyl-4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4 20 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5 thiazolyl]propenoyl]phenyl]acrylate The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (5) of Example 1 from 4-isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazole-5-carboaldehyde and 25 methyl 3-(4-acetyl-2-ethylphenyl)acrylate. Yellow crystalline product Yield 55% (2 steps) 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz) :6= 1.29 (3H,t,J=8Hz), 30 1.39(6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.88 (2H,q, J=8Hz), 3.4-3.5(lH,m), 3.84(3H,s), 6.47 (lH,d,J=15Hz) LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 78 7.28(1H,d,J=15Hz), 7.7-7.8 (3H,m), 7.8-7.9 (2H,m), 8.0-8.2(4H,m) 5 (2) Methyl 3-[2-ethyl-4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5 thiazolyl]propionyl]phenyl]propionate The desired compound was obtained in an analogous 10 manner to (6) of Example 1 from the obtained methyl 3-[2 ethyl-4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5 thiazolyl]propenoyl]phenyl]acrylate. Yellow oil Yield 60% 15 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz):5= 1. 26 (3H, t, J=8Hz), 1.34(6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.61 (2H, t, J=8Hz), 2.72 (2H,q, J=8Hz), 20 3.02(2H,t,J=8Hz), 3.1-3.2 (lH,m), 3.2-3.4(4H,m), 3.68 (3H,s), 7.24 (lH,d,J=8Hz), 25 7.64(2H,d,J=8Hz), 7.73(lH,dd,J=2Hz,8Hz), 7.80(lH,d,J=2Hz), 8.00 (2H,d, J=8Hz). 30 (3) 3-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] 5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-ethylphenyl]propionic acid The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (7) of Example 1 from the obtained methyl 3-[2 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 79 ethyl-4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5 thiazolyl]propionyl]phenyl]propionate. Pale yellow crystalline product Yield 74% 5 FAB-MS(m/e):504(M+1) 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz) :5= 1.26(3H,t,J=7Hz), 1.33 (6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.6-2.8 (4H,m), 10 3.03(2H,t,J=8Hz), 3.1-3.2 (1H,m), 3.2-3.4(4H,m), 7.26(lH,d,8Hz), 7.64 (2H, d, J=8Hz) 15 7.74(1H,dd,J=8Hz,2Hz), 7.80(1H,d,J=2Hz), 8.00 (2H,d.J=8Hz) Example 12 20 3-[4-[3-[2-(4-Chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyl-4 oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenylipropionic acid (1) Methyl 3-[4-[3-[2-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5 isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propencyl]-2-methylphenyl]acrylate 25 The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (5) of Example 1 from 2-(4-chloro-2 hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyloxazole-4-carboaldehyde and methyl 3-(4-acetyl-2-ethylphenyl)acrylate. Pale brown crystalline product 30 Yield 61% H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz) :5= 1.41(6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.54(3H,s), 3.3-3.5(lH,m), LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 80 3.84(3H,s), 6.47(lH,d,J=16Hz), 6.98 (lH,dd,J=2Hz,9Hz), 7. 13 (1H, d, J=2Hz), 5 7.64(1H,d,J=15Hz), 7.67 (1H, d, J=9Hz), 7.73(1H,d,J=l5Hz), 7.77 (1H, d, J=8Hz), 7.8-7.9(2H,m), 10 7.99(1H,d,J=16Hz), 11.27 (1H,s). (2) Methyl 3-[4-[3-[2-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5 isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenyl]propionate 15 The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (6) of Example 1 from the obtained methyl 3-[4 [3-[2-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyl-4 oxazolyl]propenoyl]-2-methylphenyl]acrylate. Colorless oil 20 Yield 47% 1 H NMR(CDC1 3 ,400MHz) :5= 1.32(6H,d,J=7Hz) 2.36(3H,s), 2.59 (2H, t, J=8Hz), 25 2.94(2H,t,J=7Hz), 2.98 (2H, t, J=8Hz), 3.1-3.3(1H,m), 3.33 (2H,t,J=7Hz), 3.68 (3H,s), 30 6.90(1H,dd,J=2Hz,8Hz), 7.04 (1H,d,J=2Hz), 7.21 (1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.68 (lH,d,J=8Hz), 7.7-7.8 (2H,m), LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011 - 81 11.47 (1H,s) (3) 3-[4-[3-[2-(4-Chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyl-4 oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenylipropionic acid 5 The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (7) of Example 1 from the obtained methyl 3-[4 (3-[2-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-isopropyl-4 oxazolyl]propionyl)-2-methylphenyl]propionate. White crystalline product 10 Yield 93% Melting point 141-144'C FAB-MS(m/e):456(M+1) 'H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz) :5= 1.32 (6H,d,J=7Hz), 15 2.37(3H,s), 2.65 (2H, t, J=8Hz), 2.95 (2H,t,J=7Hz), 2.99(2H,t,J=8Hz), 3.1-3.3(lH,m), 20 3.33(2H,t,J=7Hz), 6.90(lH,dd,J=2Hz,8Hz), 7.04(lH,d,J=2Hz), 7.24(1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.68 (1H, d, J=8Hz) 25 7.7-7.8(2H,m). Example 13 3-[4-[3-[5-Isopropyl-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4 oxazolyl]propionyl)-2-methylphenyl]propionic acid 30 (1) Methyl 3-[4-[3-[5-isopropyl-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4 oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenylipropionate Methyl 3-[4-[3-[5-isopropyl-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4 oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenyl]propionate (24 mg, LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 82 0.0534 mmol) was dissolved in methylene chloride (1.2 mL). 1M dichloromethane solution of trichloroborane (127 gL, 0.127 mmol) was added to the solution at 0 C. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Ice-cold 5 water (5 mL) was added to the mixture. The resulting mix ture was extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous solution of sodium carbon ate and water, and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The ob 10 tained residue was purified by silica gel column chro matography with hexane/ethyl acetate (3:1, v/v) to give the desired compound (4 mg) as white crystalline product (yield 17%). White crystalline product 15 Yield 17% 1H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz) :5= 1.32(6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.36(3H,s), 2.59 (2H, t, J=7Hz), 20 2.9-3.0(4H,m), 3.1-3.3 (1H,m), 3.34 (2H,t,J=7Hz), 3.68 (3H,s), 6.92 (1H,t,J=8Hz) 25 7.03(1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.21(1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.2-7.3(1H,m), 7.7-7.8(3H,m). 30 (2) 3-[4-[3-[5-Isopropyl-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4 oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenyl]propionic acid The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner to (7) of Example 1 from the obtained methyl 3-[4 LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 83 [3-[5-isopropyl-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4 oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenyl]propionate. White powder Yield 75% 5 FAB-MS(m/e):422(M+l) 1H NMR(CDCl 3 ,400MHz) :5= 1.32(6H,d,J=7Hz), 2.37(3H,s), 2.65(2H,t,J=7Hz), 10 2.9-3.0(4H,m), 3.1-3.3(lH,m), 3.34 (2H,t,J=7Hz), 6.92(1H,t,J=8Hz), 7.02(lH,d,J=8Hz), 15 7.2-7.3(2H,m), 7.7-7.8 (3H,m). Example 14 (Pharmacological tests 1) I. Method of measurement 20 PPAR activating functions of test compounds (com pounds of Examples) were measured in the manner described below. A receptor expression plasmid (pSG5-GAL4-hPPARa or y or 8 (LBD)), a luciferase expression plasmid (pUC8 25 MH100x4-TK-Luc), and a 0-galactosidase expression plasmid (pCMX-0-GAL) were transfected into CV-1 cells (ATCC) (Kliewer, S.A. et al., (1992) Nature, 358: 771-774). Af ter the gene transfer was conducted by utilizing a li pofection reagent (Lipofectamine 2000, Invitrogen), it 30 was incubated for about 40 hours in the presence of a compound to be tested. The luciferase activity and P-GAL activity were measured on the soluble cells. The luciferase activity was calibrated by the P-GAL activity. A relative ligand activity was calculated under LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 84 the condition that the luciferase activity of the cells treated by GW-590735 for PPARa, Rosiglitazone for PPARy, or GW-501516 for PPAR6 was set to 100% to determine EC 5 o. 5 II. Results The results of tests are shown in Table 38. TABLE 38 Test compounds PPAR activity PPARx PPARy PPARS Example 1 Inactive Inactive 56 Example 2 Inactive Inactive 88 Example 3 Inactive Inactive 76 Example 4 Inactive Inactive 22 Example 5 Inactive Inactive 114 Example 6 Inactive Inactive 68 Example 7 Inactive Inactive 81 Example 8 Inactive Inactive 61 Example 9 Inactive Inactive 80 10 PPAR activity: a relative value using 10~ 7 M of the test compound (control=100%) X: GW-590735 10-6 M y: Rosiglitazone 10-5 M 15 6: GW-501516 10-7 M (Except that compounds of Examples 3 and 8 were measured in the amount of 10-6 M) LAI-2980356v1 949477 - 228011 - 85 As is apparent from Table 38, the test compound show excellent agonist functions for PPAR8. The compound of Example 5 shows the particularly strong agonist function for PPARS. 5 Example 15 (Pharmacological tests 2) The tests were conducted in the same manner to Exam ple 14(1). The results of tests are shown in Table 39. 10 TABLE 39 Test compounds PPAR activity PPARa PPARy PPARS Example 10 Inactive Inactive 69 Example 11 Inactive Inactive 89 Example 12 Inactive Inactive 93 Example 13 Inactive Inactive 62 PPAR activity: a relative value using 10- 7 M of the 15 test compound (control=100%) a: GW-590735 10-6 M y: Rosiglitazone 10-5 M 8: GW-501516 10-? M (Except that compound of Example 13 was measured in the 20 amount of 10~6 M) As is apparent from Table 39, the test compound show excellent agonist functions for PPAR8. LAI-2980356vl 949477 - 228011

Claims (24)

1. A compound having the following formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: R 2 XX-Y-Z R 1 W 1 (CR 3 R 4 )m-AB G w2 (I), wherein: each of W1 and W2 independently is CH or nitrogen; X is NR 5 or CR 6 R 7 , wherein R 5 is hydrogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with C 1 - 8 alkoxy, cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven-membered ring, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven-membered ring, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with phenyl, C 2 - 8 acyl, or C 2 - 8 alkenyl, and each of R 6 and R 7 independently is hydrogen or C 1 - 8 alkyl; Y is -(CRR)n-, wherein each of R8 and R 9 independently is hydrogen or C 1 - 8 alkyl, and n is 1 to 4; or X and Y are combined to form -CR'"=CR"- or ethynylene, wherein each of R' 0 and R" independently is hydrogen or C 1 - 8 alkyl; Z is carboxyl or tetrazolyl; G is 0, S or CRR , wherein each of R1 and R1 independently is hydrogen or C 1 - 8 alkyl; A is five-membered heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of thiazole, oxazole, imidazole, pyrazole, thiophene, furan, and pyrrole, which can be substituted with a substituent -87 selected from the group consisting of C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 2 - 8 alkenyl, C 2 -8 alkynyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1 - 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, C 2 - 8 acyl, C 6 10 aryl, and a five-membered or six-membered heterocyclic group; B is a C 1 - 8 alkylene, C 2 - 8 alkenylene or C 2 - 8 alkynylene chain, wherein the chain can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1 - 8 alkyl, cycloalkyl of three-membered to seven-membered ring, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, and halogen; each of R and R2 independently is hydrogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 2 -8 alkenyl, C 2 - 8 alkynyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1 - 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, C 2 - 8 acyl, C 6 - 10 aryl or a five-membered or six-membered heterocyclic group; each of R 3 and R 4 independently is hydrogen or C 1 - 8 alkyl; and m is an integer of 0 to 3.
2. The compound or a salt thereof defined in claim 1, wherein each of W1 and W2 is CH.
3. The compound or a salt thereof defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein X is CR 6 R 7 , and wherein R 6 and R 7 is hydrogen.
4. The compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein X is CH 2 , NH or NR , and wherein R is C 1 - 8 alkyl. -88
5. The compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein Y is CH 2 , wherein Z is carboxyl, and wherein G is 0.
6. The compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein A is thiazole, which can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 2 -8 alkenyl, C 2 - 8 alkynyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1 - 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, C 2 - 8 acyl, C 6 - 10 aryl or a five-membered or six-membered heterocyclic group.
7. The compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein B is ethylene chain.
8. The compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein each of R' and R 2 independently is hydrogen, C 1 -8 alkyl, halogen, or C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen.
9. The compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein each of R3 and R4 is hydrogen, and wherein m is an integer of 0.
10. A compound having the following formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: -89 R 2 a CO 2 H Rla Aa-Ba G a wherein: Ga is 0, S or CH 2 ; Aa is five-membered heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of thiazole, oxazole, and thiophene, which can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1 - 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, and C 2 - 8 acyl; Ba is a C 1 _- alkylene or C 2 -8 alkenylene chain; and each of R" and R independently is hydrogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 _e alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1 - 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro or C 2 - 8 acyl.
11. The compound or a salt thereof defined in claim 10, wherein Aa is thiazole, which can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1 - 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, and C 2 - 8 acyl.
12. The compound or a salt thereof defined in claim 10 or 11, wherein Ba is ethylene chain, and wherein Ga is 0.
13. The compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein each of Ria and R 2 a independently is hydrogen, C 1 - 8 -90 alkyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 _8 alkyl substituted with halogen or C1-8 alkoxy substituted with halogen.
14. A compound having the following formula (III) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: R 2 b R 3 b N CO2H R lb A b-B b b \ /Gb (III), wherein: Gb is 0, S or CH 2 ; A is a five-membered heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of thiazole, oxazole, and thiophene, which can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1 - 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, and C 2 - 8 acyl; B is a C 1 _8 alkylene or C 2 -8 alkenylene chain; each of R and R2b independently is hydrogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1 - 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, or C 2 - 8 acyl; and R3b is hydrogen or C 1 _8 alkyl.
15. The compound or a salt thereof defined in claim 14, wherein A is thiazole, which can be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen, C 1 - 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen, - 91 hydroxyl, nitro, and C 2 - 8 acyl.
16. The compound or a salt thereof defined in claim 14 or 15, wherein B is ethylene chain, and wherein G is 0.
17. The compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein each of Rb and Rb independently is hydrogen, C1-8 alkyl, C 1 - 8 alkoxy, halogen, C 1 - 8 alkyl substituted with halogen or C 1 - 8 alkoxy substituted with halogen.
18. An activator of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor 6 which contains as an effective component a compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 1 to 17.
19. A medicament which contains a compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 1-17, and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.
20. A method for treatment and/or prophylaxis of a disease mediated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor 6, characterized in that effective dose of a compound or a salt thereof defined in any one of claims 1 to 17 is administered to a patient who requires the compound or the salt thereof.
21. A method for treatment and/or prophylaxis defined in claim 20, wherein a disease mediated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor 6 is hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia, hyperchlolesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, HDL hypocholesterolemia, LDL hypercholesterolemia and/or HLD non-cholesterolemia, VLDL -92 hyperproteinemia, dyslipoproteinemia, apolipoprotein A-I hypoproteinemia, atherosclerosis, disease of arterial sclerosis, disease of cardiovascular systems, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral circulatory disease, metabolic syndrome, syndrome X, obesity including internal-organs fat type, diabetes, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinism, diabetic complication, cardiac insufficiency, cardiac infarction, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, fatty liver, non-alcoholic fatty hepatitis, thrombus, Alzheimer disease, neurodegenerative disease, demyelinating disease, multiple sclerosis, adrenal leukodystrophy, dermatitis, psoriasis, acne, skin aging, trichosis, inflammation, arthritis, asthma, hypersensitive intestine syndrome, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, pancreatitis, or cancer including colon cancer, large intestine cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the breast, carcinoma of the prostate, ovary cancer, and lung cancer.
22. A method for treatment and/or prophylaxis defined in claim 20, wherein a disease mediated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor 5 is dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, obesity including internal organs fat type, atherosclerosis or disease associated therewith, or diabetes.
23. A compound according to claims 1, 10, or 14 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the Examples.
24. A method according to claim 20 substantially as herein before described with reference to any one of the Examples.
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