AT393171B - Optoelectronic measuring device for the point-by-point measurement of dose, dose rate and dose distributions - Google Patents
Optoelectronic measuring device for the point-by-point measurement of dose, dose rate and dose distributions Download PDFInfo
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- AT393171B AT393171B AT150689A AT150689A AT393171B AT 393171 B AT393171 B AT 393171B AT 150689 A AT150689 A AT 150689A AT 150689 A AT150689 A AT 150689A AT 393171 B AT393171 B AT 393171B
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- Prior art keywords
- dose
- measuring device
- measuring
- point
- optical fiber
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002647 laser therapy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011849 radiological investigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002428 photodynamic therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000275 quality assurance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/161—Applications in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4208—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
- A61B6/4258—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector for detecting non x-ray radiation, e.g. gamma radiation
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
AT 393 171BAT 393 171B
Zur medizintechnischen Anwendung der Meßvorrichtung in klinischen Bereichen, wie bei Strahlenbehandlung tumorerkrankter Patienten, besteht die ärztliche Forderung nach Verifikation einer applizierten Ortsdosis, b. z. w. Dosisleistung und Strahlungsenergie im Köiperinneren. Eine grobe angenäherte Kontrolle jener Dosisleistung, welche von einer Strahlungsquelle im Gewebeinneren b. z. w. in Körperhöhlen erzeugt wird, ist derzeit mit 5 miniaturisierten Ionisationsmeßkammem mit flexiblen elektrischen Zuleitungskabeln nur beschränkt möglich. Die Strahlungsenergie kann mit diesen nicht unmittelbar festgestellt werden. Diese Meßkammern arbeiten mit Hochspannung und können durch starke Hochfrequenzfelder, die z. B. bei Linearbeschleunigeranlagen auftreten, beeinflußt werden. Für niedere Photonenenergien (10 kV 100 kV Röntgenstrahlung) gibt es lediglich großflächige "Weichstrahlkammem", die jedoch nicht für Köiperhöhlenmessungen herangezogen werden können, 10 da sie mit mechanisch sehr empfindlichen Kunststoffolien ausgestattet sind.For the medical-technical use of the measuring device in clinical areas, such as in the radiation treatment of patients suffering from tumors, there is a medical requirement for verification of an applied local dose, b. e.g. w. Dose output and radiation energy inside the body. A rough approximate control of that dose rate, which is from a radiation source inside the tissue b. e.g. w. generated in body cavities is currently only possible to a limited extent with 5 miniaturized ionization measuring chambers with flexible electrical supply cables. The radiation energy cannot be determined directly with these. These measuring chambers work with high voltage and can by strong high frequency fields, the z. B. occur in linear accelerator systems can be influenced. For low photon energies (10 kV 100 kV X-rays) there are only large-area " soft-beam combs " which, however, cannot be used for body cavity measurements, 10 since they are equipped with mechanically very sensitive plastic films.
Die zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Meßvorrichtungen gliedern sich in zwei Typen: a) Das Ionisationsereignis wird durch einen Halbleitermeßkopf in eine Leitfähigkeitsmessung umgesetzt, bei der der Meßkopf im Bestrahlungsfeld liegt. Eine galvanische Kopplung von Meßort zur Auswerteelektronik liegt vor. Die Sonden sind entweder durch kurze, starre Nadeln oder Stäbe bzw. Drähte mit der Elektronik verbunden. 15 (CH-PS 327906) oder (FR-PS 2155773). b) Das Ionisationsereignis wird durch einen großen Szintillatorkristall in eine Lichtquantenemissionskaskade umgesetzt, die durch einen starren Lichtleiter weitergeleitet wird (DE-AS 1044292), an dessen zweitem Ende ein Photomultiplier zur Lichtmessung angekoppelt istThe measuring devices belonging to the prior art are divided into two types: a) The ionization event is converted by a semiconductor measuring head into a conductivity measurement in which the measuring head lies in the radiation field. There is a galvanic coupling from the measuring point to the evaluation electronics. The probes are connected to the electronics either by short, rigid needles or rods or wires. 15 (CH-PS 327906) or (FR-PS 2155773). b) The ionization event is converted by a large scintillator crystal into a light quantum emission cascade, which is passed on through a rigid light guide (DE-AS 1044292), at the second end of which a photomultiplier for light measurement is coupled
Diese Meßvorrichtungen haben folgende Nachteile:These measuring devices have the following disadvantages:
Bei den Vorrichtungen der ersten Gruppe ermöglicht die galvanische Kopplung zum Meßort kapazitive und 20 induktive Beeinflussungen durch elektromagnetische Felder z. B. Hochfrequenzfelder bei Beschleunigeranlagen, Magnetfelder bei Röntgenanlagen, Halbleitermeßköpfe für Messungen in kleinen Volumina mit Temperaturkompensation der Meßspannung, benötigen eine großes Volumen zur Abschirmung des Referenzhalbleiters, da sonst die ionisierende Strahlung sowohl auf Meß- als auch auf den Referenzhalbleiter gemeinsam einwirkt 25 Bei den Vorrichtungen der zweiten Gruppe werden starre Lichtleiter verwendet, welche die Anwendung behindern und auch größere Durchmesser aufweisen. Weiters sind teure Photomultipliergeräte und große Szintillatorkristalle als Sensorkopf Bestandteile des Auswertegerätes.In the devices of the first group, the galvanic coupling to the measuring location enables capacitive and 20 inductive influences by electromagnetic fields, e.g. B. High-frequency fields in accelerator systems, magnetic fields in X-ray systems, semiconductor measuring heads for measurements in small volumes with temperature compensation of the measuring voltage, require a large volume to shield the reference semiconductor, since otherwise the ionizing radiation acts on both measuring and reference semiconductors together The second group uses rigid light guides that hinder the application and also have larger diameters. Furthermore, expensive photomultiplier devices and large scintillator crystals as sensor heads are components of the evaluation device.
Gegenüber diesen bekannten Meßvorrichtungen hat die erfindungsgemäße Meßvorrichtung folgende Vorteile:The measuring device according to the invention has the following advantages over these known measuring devices:
Die flexible, rein optische, nicht galvanische Verbindung zwischen Meßwertaufnehmer (Sensorkristall) und 30 Meßwertwandler (Umformer) sowie die damit erreichte Potentialtrennung ergibt Vorteile für die medizinische Applikation. Hiebei ermöglicht die Verbindung der Bestandteile Mmiatnrszintillationskristall, sehr dünne Multimode-mono-lichtleitfaser, temperaturkompensierte Photohalbleiterstufe eine flexible, potentialfreie Führung der Meßsonde in Körperhohlräumen. Weiters werden Beeinflussungen durch elektrische und magnetische Felder vermieden. Darüber hinausgehend ist der Sensor überempfindlich gegen mechanische Schwingungen 35 welche besonders bei mit dünnen Eintrittsfolien ausgestatteten Ionisationsmeßkammem für niedrige Photoenenergien (keV-Bereich Meßfelder erzeugen. Außerdem sind die Herstellungs- und Wartungskosten niedrig, da keine Photomultiplierelektronik verwendet wird. Durch spezielle Beschaltung des Meßverstärkers mit Temperaturkompensation (spezielle Anordnung/Auswahl der Wellenlängenabhängigkeit der einzelnen Übertragungskomponenten) ist eine hohe Verstärkung des Photostromes möglich. Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt in 40 der Universalität der Anwendung, durch die Austauschbarkeit der Sensorköpfe bei unveränderter Elektronik (z. B. wird für die Bestimmung der Lichtbestrahlungsdosis in Gewebe bei Lasertherapie statt des Szintillatonnaterials ein isotroper Streukörper verwendet, der mit der Lichtleitfaser durch eine Nadel oder Kanüle in das zu untersuchende Gewebeareal bzw. Blutgefäß geschoben wird).The flexible, purely optical, non-galvanic connection between the transducer (sensor crystal) and 30 transducers (transducer) as well as the potential separation achieved with this result in advantages for medical application. Hiebei enables the connection of the components of the miniature scintillation crystal, very thin multimode mono-optical fiber, and temperature-compensated photo semiconductor stage for flexible, potential-free guidance of the measuring probe in body cavities. Furthermore, influences by electrical and magnetic fields are avoided. In addition, the sensor is hypersensitive to mechanical vibrations 35, which produce measuring fields especially for ionization measuring chambers equipped with thin entry foils for low photoenergies (keV range). In addition, the manufacturing and maintenance costs are low, since no photomultiplier electronics are used (Special arrangement / selection of the wavelength dependency of the individual transmission components) a high amplification of the photocurrent is possible Another advantage lies in the universality of the application, through the interchangeability of the sensor heads with unchanged electronics (e.g. for the determination of the light radiation dose in Tissue in laser therapy uses an isotropic scattering body instead of the scintillating material, which is pushed with the optical fiber through a needle or cannula into the tissue area or blood vessel to be examined rd).
Die Richtungsempfindlichkeit des Szintillatormeßkopfes gegenüber ionisierender Strahlung hat nahezu 45 Kugelcharakteristik. Dies ist speziell für die isotrope Erfassung von ionisierender Streustrahlung in Gewebe und auch in beliebigen Materialien von Bedeutung und wird dadurch erreicht, daß die örtliche Auflösung des Meßsignals gegenüber äquivalent empfindlichen herkömmlichen Ionisationsdosismeßkammem wesentlich verfeinert istThe directional sensitivity of the scintillator probe to ionizing radiation has almost 45 spherical characteristics. This is particularly important for the isotropic detection of ionizing scattered radiation in tissue and also in any materials, and is achieved in that the local resolution of the measurement signal is significantly refined compared to that of equivalent sensitive conventional ionization dose measuring chambers
Die Meßvorrichtung (Fig. 1) kann die beschriebenen Nachteile der Ionisationsmeßkammem sowie der 50 Halbleiterdetektoren umgehen und hat darüber hinaus zusätzliche Anwendungsmöglichkeiten, wie z. B. Messungen der in Gewebe eingestrahlten Lichtenergie und Lichtmenge bei Photodynamischer Therapie, Lasertherapie oder bei kardiologischen Untersuchungen in erkrankten Gefäßen. Ebenso besteht Bedeutung für die Qualitätssicherung des Betriebes radiologischer Großgeräte b. z. w. Laseranlagen. 55 -2- 60The measuring device (Fig. 1) can bypass the disadvantages of the ionization measuring chamber and the 50 semiconductor detectors described and also has additional applications, such as. B. Measurements of the light energy and amount of light radiated into tissue in photodynamic therapy, laser therapy or in cardiological examinations in diseased vessels. There is also importance for the quality assurance of the operation of large radiological equipment b. e.g. w. Laser systems. 55 -2- 60
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT150689A AT393171B (en) | 1989-06-20 | 1989-06-20 | Optoelectronic measuring device for the point-by-point measurement of dose, dose rate and dose distributions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT150689A AT393171B (en) | 1989-06-20 | 1989-06-20 | Optoelectronic measuring device for the point-by-point measurement of dose, dose rate and dose distributions |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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ATA150689A ATA150689A (en) | 1991-01-15 |
AT393171B true AT393171B (en) | 1991-08-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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AT150689A AT393171B (en) | 1989-06-20 | 1989-06-20 | Optoelectronic measuring device for the point-by-point measurement of dose, dose rate and dose distributions |
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AT (1) | AT393171B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10010556A1 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-13 | Bremer Sonderabfall Beratungsg | Detector for measuring the dose rate and device for sorting used batteries or accumulators according to their type |
DE10033795A1 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2002-01-31 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Endoscopic radiation measuring instrument for localizing radioactive depot during cancer treatment, has flexible opaque sheath of specific thickness over measurement head and light guide |
EP1445626A1 (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2004-08-11 | Nihon Medi-Physics Co., Ltd. | Radiation detector |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH327906A (en) * | 1955-05-03 | 1958-02-15 | Vogel Paul | Surgical instrument for measuring radioactive radiation at a certain point on the body |
DE1044292B (en) * | 1957-02-11 | 1958-11-20 | Mudr Rndr Archimiro Caha | Probe for a scintillation knife |
FR2155773A1 (en) * | 1971-10-04 | 1973-05-25 | Radiotechnique Compelec | Semiconductor radioactivity detector - with medical application as intravenous probe |
DE2946003A1 (en) * | 1978-11-22 | 1980-10-16 | Wallac Oy | METHOD FOR COMPENSATING THE RADIATION MEASUREMENTS RECEIVED FROM RADIOACTIVE SAMPLES |
DE3327031A1 (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-07 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | ROENTGENGERAET |
US4571492A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1986-02-18 | Kane Noel S | Method to detect, identify, authenticate and date an article |
-
1989
- 1989-06-20 AT AT150689A patent/AT393171B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH327906A (en) * | 1955-05-03 | 1958-02-15 | Vogel Paul | Surgical instrument for measuring radioactive radiation at a certain point on the body |
DE1044292B (en) * | 1957-02-11 | 1958-11-20 | Mudr Rndr Archimiro Caha | Probe for a scintillation knife |
FR2155773A1 (en) * | 1971-10-04 | 1973-05-25 | Radiotechnique Compelec | Semiconductor radioactivity detector - with medical application as intravenous probe |
DE2946003A1 (en) * | 1978-11-22 | 1980-10-16 | Wallac Oy | METHOD FOR COMPENSATING THE RADIATION MEASUREMENTS RECEIVED FROM RADIOACTIVE SAMPLES |
US4571492A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1986-02-18 | Kane Noel S | Method to detect, identify, authenticate and date an article |
DE3327031A1 (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-07 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | ROENTGENGERAET |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10010556A1 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-13 | Bremer Sonderabfall Beratungsg | Detector for measuring the dose rate and device for sorting used batteries or accumulators according to their type |
DE10033795A1 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2002-01-31 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Endoscopic radiation measuring instrument for localizing radioactive depot during cancer treatment, has flexible opaque sheath of specific thickness over measurement head and light guide |
DE10033795B4 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2004-11-25 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Radiation meter that can be used endoscopically |
EP1445626A1 (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2004-08-11 | Nihon Medi-Physics Co., Ltd. | Radiation detector |
EP1445626A4 (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2006-06-07 | Nihon Mediphysics Co Ltd | Radiation detector |
US7180069B2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2007-02-20 | Nihon Medi-Physics Co., Ltd. | Radiation detector |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ATA150689A (en) | 1991-01-15 |
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UEP | Publication of translation of european patent specification | ||
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REN | Ceased due to non-payment of the annual fee |